BECO INTERNSHIP

Report of Students from Hormuud University

Subject: The most efficient renewable energy in the world

Group Members:
1. Yonis Hussain Mussa
2. Mohamed Abdirahman Mohamed
3. Yasser Abdirisak Ahmed
4. Sacid Ahmed Ibrahim

Group Members: Yonis Hussain Mussa, Mohamed Abdirahman

Mohamed, Yasser Abdirisak Ahmed, Sacid Ahmed Ibrahim
Introduction:
Energy is an important aspect of every living organism. Organisms need
to obtain energy from food to carry out their daily work. Apart from
living organisms, machines created by human being need to deriver
energy from fuels so as to carry out their intended work. According to
law of thermodynamics, energy cannot be created or destroyed but can
be transformed from one form to another. This is law of energy
conservation. For example, battery transforms its stored chemical energy
to electrical energy for it to do the intended work.
There are different forms of energy which include mechanical energy
such as kinetic energy that facilitate motion and stored potential energy.
Other forms of energy include radiant energy that originate from sun and
thermal energy obtained from heat. Electromagnetic energy from radio
waves and microwaves together with chemical energy are other forms of
energy.

In this report we will discuss which renewable energy is the most

efficient in the world. We will see also the differences of renewable and
non-renewable energy sources.
When we say nonrenewable source of energy we mean that sources of
energy that is only in one term of use and cannot be recycled or used
again and again, on the other hand the renewable sources can be used
again and again.
Sources of energy

Energy is one of the requirements necessary to run day to day activities.

There are many different sources of energy
that are naturally available throughout the world in different forms.
Depending with energy regeneration, energy can
be categorized into two main different sources which are renewable and non-
renewable sources.
Renewable sources of energy

Wind, solar, geothermal, and hydroelectric and biomass

provides a substantial benefits for our climate, our health and
our economy.

Renewable sources of energy are obtained from different natural

sources. The main common sources are sunlight, wind, tides and
geothermal. Statistics has indicated that renewable sources of energy
comprise approximate 16% of total global energy that is consumed on
daily basis. One advantage about this form of energy is that it can be
replaced and used continuously without becoming depleted. Renewable
sources of energy are mostly used in three different areas which include
electricity generation, heating by use of solar hot water and motor fuels
through the use of renewable bio-fuels.
Reasons of why we use renewable sources of energy
1. Renewable sources of energy are renewable and easily regenerated.
This is unlike fossil fuels which are perishable once used.
2. Renewable source of energy such as solar produce clean energy that
does not pollute the environment. This is because no burning is required
during usage of the energy.
3. Most importantly, renewable energy are available everywhere
throughout the world thus there is no chance of the sources becoming
depleted in future. For example, solar energy is everywhere as the sun
will always be there every day.
4. Maintenance cost needed to install and use the renewable energy is
relatively cheap. Solar energy can be trapped easily and used for
domestic needs.
5. Renewable sources of energy boost economic growth and increase job
opportunities. This includes electrical energy which is used to run many
industries.
Note: Having the most efficient solar panels will increase the amount of
sun that can be utilized and allow you to get the most out of your
renewable energy system.

Difficulties of renewable sources of energy

Every set of energy has its own drawbacks once introduced to the
ecology. Some of these limitations include
1. Difficult to produce the energy quantity that is equivalent to that
produced by nonrenewable fuels
2. Technology required to trap renewable energy is costly. Setting of
dams requires high initial capital to construct and maintain
3. Most renewable sources of energy are affected by weather thus
reducing their reliability. For example, hydro generators need constant
rainfall that will overflow the dams, wind turbines only rotate if there is
wind of a given speed.
Advantages of Renewable Energy Resources
Because renewable energies are not burned like fossil fuels, they do not
release pollutants into the atmosphere and provide a cleaner, healthier
environment. Sources of renewable energy are found everywhere in the
world and cannot be depleted. Costs for tapping renewable energies are
decreasing as the technology advances and, once established,
maintenance costs are generally low.
Because trained technicians are needed to maintain the equipment, some
renewable energy plants have the potential to generate more jobs than
highly mechanized fossil fuel plants. Most importantly, there are little or
no greenhouse gas emissions associated with renewable energies that are
contributing to driving up the planet's temperature.

Disadvantages of Renewable Energy Resources

Initial costs for setting up renewable energy plants are often quite high
and require careful planning and implementation.
Building dams, for example, for hydroelectric power requires high initial
capital and high maintenance expenses. Renewable energies like solar
and wind require large tracts of land to produce energy quantities
competitive with fossil fuel burning.
Renewable sources of energy are also affected by weather, reducing
their reliability. For example, wind turbines only rotate it there is enough
wind at a given speed and solar panels do not operate at night time and
are less efficient on cloudy days.
Nonrenewable sources of energy
Nonrenewable sources of energy have continued to produce constant
energy throughout the world. This is because of their high availability.
Sources of nonrenewable energy can be attributed to natural sources that
are not regenerated once the source is depleted. Sources include fossils
fuels such as coal and petroleum products e.g. natural gas and diesels.

Reasons why we use nonrenewable sources of energy

Some such as natural gas burns without any soot hence less
environmental pollution.
1. Most nonrenewable sources of energy are easy to transport from one
area to another. For example petroleum oils which can be transported via
pipes.
2. Cost of producing nonrenewable energy is low since they are
naturally available. Furthermore they are cheap to transform from one
form of energy to another.
3. Most of this energy sources are abundantly available in different
areas. Their availability is not affected by climatic condition.

Advantages of Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Fossil fuels are the world's traditional energy sources and electrical
power plants, vehicles and various industrial plants are built around
using them. Many nonrenewable energies are more reliable than most
renewables and are not subject to weather conditions. They provide
continuous --not intermittent, weather-dependent -- energy. New
technologies, such as carbon, capture
and storage (CCS) are emerging that may allow fossil fuel use with less
harmful effects to the environment This process captures carbon dioxide
(CO2) from electrical and industrial plants and stores it underground
instead of releasing it to the atmosphere. The
U.S. Department of Energy currently has several CCS projects in place
to determine the long-term feasibility of this technology.

Disadvantages of Nonrenewable Energy Resources

Fossil fuels are in a limited supply and will one day be depleted.
Processes for extracting and transporting fossil fuels have caused
widespread environmental damage from strip mining and accidental oil
spills. Most importantly, burning fossil fuels releases harmful
greenhouse gases into the atmosphere, primarily CO2. Incorporating
CCS technologies into existing fossil fuel plants to prevent CO2
emissions is extremely costly. Nuclear power plants do not release C02,
but pose other risks such as potential radiation leaks and waste storage
problems. The costs for building new nuclear power plants have risen
sharply making them less economical than other types of power.

Conclusions
Governments worldwide are recognizing that burning fossil fuels is
changing the Earth's climate, increasing global average temperatures,
causing unprecedented melting of polar sea ice and raising sea levels.
Given these climate-change threats, renewable energies appear to be the
wave of the future. Many countries, including the United States, have
programs for limiting
CO2 emissions and supporting renewable energy development.
Renewable energy R & D is helping to lower costs and increase
efficiency. In the future, there will likely not be a single solution to a
community's energy needs but a combination of technologies.
Communities will need to identity the energy resources in their area and
develop sustainable energy plans.
Summary
Non-renewable resources are used faster than they can be replaced once
they are gone. They are, for all practical purposes. Renewable resources
are so abundant or are replaced rapidly that for all practical purposes
they can’t run out.
Fossil fuels are the most common used non renewable resource. A
resource may take so much energy to harness that it does not provide
much net energy.

Recommendations
After observing these researches and experienced operations, we
strongly agree and suggest that the wind energy is the most efficient
source of energy which we can obtain the highest ranko of electrical
power, because, solar is also another best source, but wind is the best
one for it can work day and night time. For the solar it can work only for
day time and in sunny day time, when it comes to the rainy day we need
to run our generators on that rainy day.
There fore in rainy day and in non rainy day wind power operates as
needed.
That is all group members.