Grant B. - A Guide To Korean Characters. Reading and Writing Hangul and Hanja

A
ARACTERS
and Writing
:;3ReadihL;
:Hangul and Hanja
" C ' .I'
. \ '
HOLLYM -
I
i
HANG&-IN-A-HURRY CHART I HANG&-IN-A-HURRY CHART 11

Consonants Vowels
t I Stressed Consonants I As~iratedConsonants 1 "I" Diphthongs "Y" Diphthongs Other Diphthongs
I Basic Consanants a (two basic consonants

written together)
(sgort line added to
basic consonants) I Basic Vowels (vowel #6 added
to basic vowels)
(short line added (combinationsof
to basic vowels ) various vowels)
1. 01 a la. 01 ae i b . 01 ya St\ wa
(father) (hat) . (water)
2. 0] 6 2a. O)) e 2b. 4 yi( 4 wae
(hut) (se_t) (w_et)

3. 9 o 3a. 4 oe 3b. 3 yo ~6
(heme) (w_et) (w_on)
4. l- 4a. ui 4b.-$ YU
(plume) (E)
5. -
0 6 5a. 5
1 iii
8. ;ng (final; *
(so_o~) (we)*
no sound 6. 01 i
as initial)
(kt)
lo. * h
'Slightly different than basic consonant number six.
'Pronounce without pursing the lips.
The "0" written with each vowel is an unvoiced consonant
which functions to indicate where an initial consonant maybe
affixed to the vowel when writing a syllable. See the inside
Basic consonants k, t, p, and ch are ~ronouncedas g, d, b, back cover for information on forming syllables.
and j, respectively, when occurring as medials. Stressed con-
sonaots are pronounced with more stress by far than their
unvoiced English counterparts, g, d, b, s, and j. Aspirated
consonants are said with an unabashed explosion of air. Initial
-
"r" is pronounced akin to its Spanish counterpart.
- A
A Guide to
KOREAN
CHARACTERS
Reading and Writing
Hangiil and Hanja
SECOND REVISED EDITION
by
BRUCE K. GRANT
HOLLYM
For Audrey
Michele
Denise
Mirae
Bruce
Maynard
Monique
and Taylor
Copyright @ 1982, 1979

by Bruce K . Grant
All rights reserved
First published in 1979
Reprinted in 1989
by Hollyrn International Corp.
18 Donald Place
Elizabeth, New Jersey 07208 U.S.A.
Published simultaneously in Korea
by Hollym Corporation; Publishers
14-5 Kwanchol-dong, Chongno-gu, Seoul, Korea
Phone: (02)735-7554 Fax: (02)730-5149
ISBN: 0-930878-13-2
Printed in Korea
PREFACE
This book was designed as a guide for those who wish to

learn written Korean. It presents for the first time in English
the information necessary to read and write hangiil, the
Korean alphabet, and the 1,800 Chinese characters taught
in Korean schools. A Guide to Korean Characters contains
simplified charts explaining hang5l and models showing
exactly how to write each of the 1,800 Basic Characters. Sam-
ple vocabulary words, selected on the basis of frequency of
use, are included for each character. This handbook also
functions as a character dictionary since its entries are ar-
ranged in stroke-count order and it contains both a radical
and a phonetic index.
I am very grateful to those who have helped in the prep-
aration of A Guide to Korean Characters. Mr. Cho PyTing-ha
was indefatiguable, and the writing models in the text are
examples of his graceful calligraphy. Dr. Ch6n Y6ng-ch'd
and Mr. Yi Pang-h5n kindly read the entire manuscript and
made many useful suggestions. I am indebted to Mr. Chu
Shin-wgn, Chief Editor at Hollyrn Corporation: Publishers, for
his patient guidance. I alone, of course, am responsible for
errors.
Seoul. Korea Bruce K. Grant

July 1979
CONTENTS
PREFACE 7
INTRODUCTION
The Korean Writing System
Hints on Learning Hangu'l
History of Chinese Characters
The Six Categories of Chinese Characters
Hints on Learning Hanja
Explanation of a Sample Character Entry
Writing Characters
Glossary
THE 1,800 BASIC CHARACTERS 25
APPENDICES 33 3
Korean Surnames 335
Easily Confused Characters 336
Commonly Abbreviated Characters 337
Characters with Multiple Readings 338
The 900 Middle School Characters in Textbook Order 339
INDEX
How to Use a Character Dictionary
Radical Index
Phonetic Index
SELECTED BIBLlOGRAPHY
ENDPAPER CHARTS
~an~ill-in-a-hurryCharts insidejront cover
Hangill Writing Models inside back cover
syllable Writing Models
INTRODUCTION
THE KOREAN WRITING SYSTEM
Korean is a member of the Altaic family of languages and
is very similar to Japanese. It has been spoken on the Korean
peninsula for more than 2,000 years but has enjoyed an in-
digenous writing system since only the fifteenth century.
Chinese exerted an early influence on Korean, and loan words
from the Chinese now comprise about sixty percent of the
Korean vocabulary.
Chinese is essentially uninflected, while Korean is poly-
synthetic. So different, in fact, are the two languages that
Chinese and English have more in common than do Chinese
and Korean. Ancient Koreans found Chinese ideographs
unsuited to phonetically represent their richly inflected lan-
guage, so they adopted written Chinese itself. Literate
Koreans wrote one language, classical Chinese, and spoke
another, Korean, until the dawn of the twentieth century, a
period in excess of 1,500 years.
In 1440, King Sejong of the Yi Dynasty set a group of
scholars to the task of inventing a means of writing the Ko-
rean language. The resulting phonetic alphabet was prom-
ulgated in 1446 but did not enjoy widespread use. Hangiil, as
it is now called, is perhaps the most scientific alphabet in
general use in the world.
In 1972, the Ministry of Education of the Republic of Korea
directed that 1,800 Sino-Korean characters, hanja, be taught
in all middle and high schools in the nation. These are com-
monly called the Basic Characters, and each is treated in this
book. Modern Korean is written in a mixed script in which
hanja is used for Chinese loan words and hangiil for purely
Korean items.
The Korean alphabet is so simple that its sixteen totally

11
INTRODUCTION lNTRODUcrION
distinct letters can be learned in minutes with the aid of the Forms of Chinese Characters
hangiil-in-a-hurry charts at the inside front cover of this book.
Use these charts to decode hangal appearing in the book
and elsewhere until it becomes entirely familiar to you. The
charts at the inside back cover illustrate how to write each
hangGI letter and how to combine the letters into sylla-
bles.
Korean consonants are pronounced much as they are in
English, though they annoyingly assume different shades of
sound when they appear as initials, medials, or finals. The five
stressed consonants are pronounced with greatest possible
stress but with no expulsion of air. For example, "tt" ( r-c ) is
pronounced akin to the d of don't inUDon't do that!'' The
aspirated consonants are pronounced with a heavy expulsion
of air. The "k' "( 3 ) is similar, for example, to the k of kill
in ill that rattlesnake!" Vowels are pronounced essentially
as noted on the inside front cover. Access to a native speaker
is recommended for refined pronunciation.
HISTORY OF CHINESE CHARACI'ERS
1n.ancientChina, pieces of bone and shell were incised with

characters and then heated. The resulting cracks among the
characters were used by oracles to foretell the future. Thou-
sands of such "oracle bones" have been unearthed. The char-
acters on them, the oldest extant, date from about 1,400 B.C.
Virtually all principles for the formation of ideographs are
evident on the oracle bones, suggesting a long period of de-
velopment prior to 1,400 B.C. After that time, characters
underwent a continuing evolution of form that ended about
2,000 years ago with the development of the "square char-
acters" still used today. The following chart traces four char-
acters through this evolution and illustrates character styles
which a modern reader is likely to encounter. Dates are very
approximate.
INTRODUCIlON
two or more existing characters whose combined meanings

THE SIX CATEGORIES OF CHINESE CHARACTERS
Characters traditionally have been classified into Six Cate-
gories according to how they were originally fabricated or how
*
provide a clue to the denotation of the compound. The Simple
Compound resulting from the union of R (sun) and (tree)
is R . The new character is pronounced 3-(tong), and signifies
they later accrued meaning. An understanding of these cate- ''east," taking its meaning from the "sun" rising from behind
gories can bring a sense of order to the beginning reader who a "tree" in the "east." A Simple compound is best learned
is likely to be bewildered by a forest of seemingly unrelated by relating its meaning to that of its constituent elements. Of
graphs. Moreover, the characteristics of the different types of the graphs classified by Ch2ng Ch'iao, 740 were Simple
hanja suggest varying learning strategies for their mastery. Compounds.
The Sung Dynasty scholar, Ch6ng Ch'iao, apportioned 24,235 Category Four: Phonetic Compounds
characters to the Six Categories, and his results provide an
indication of the relative size of each category.(Kwtin, page About ninety percent of the characters of Ch2ng Ch'iao,
2. See Bibliography.) 21,811 hanja, are Phonetic Compounds. These graphs can
be characterized as semi-ideographic and semi-phonetic since
Category One: Simple Pictographs each is composed of a semantic element which furnishes a hint
Simple Pictographs were the first type of character to the general meaning of the compound and a phonetic
fabricated by the ancient Chinese. They picture objects, such element which provides a direct clue to its pronunciation.
as tree,*. The trunk, branches and roots of a tree can be seen The phonetic clue in the vast majority of Sino-Korean char-
even in this modern form of the character. Another Simple acters is a significant potential mnemonic aid but is widely
Pictograph is (sun). This stylized character was originally regarded as of limited value. Chinese lexicography obscures
round, and the line in its center represented rays of sunshine. the phonetic relationships among characters, and some
Only 608 of the characters classified by Cheng Ch'iao are Phonetic Compounds which share an identical phonetic ele-
Simple Pictographs, but they are important because many of ment have differing readings either because they were not
them are the building blocks from which other hanja are made. originally homophonous or because their pronunciations
A Simple Pictograph is easily learned by associating its diverged during centuries of phonetic and dialectic
shape and meaning. evolution. Nevertheless, it is likely that the phonetic
Category Two: Simple Diagrams clue is underexploited rather than overexploited by students
of hanja .
Simple Diagrams were among the earliest characters made
and depict relationships for which no picture can readily be Category Five: Derived Meanings
drawn. Two common examples are I: (up) and (down). The Derived Meanings originally belonged to one of the first
diagrammatic nature of this pair is readily apparent. Simple four categories of characters. The evolution of Chinese gen-
Diagrams are best learned by associating shape and meaning. erated a need to assign abstract meanings to characters with
Ch$ng Ch'iao allotted 107 of his characters to this category. concrete denotations. Graphs of this type took on abstract
Category Three: Simple Compounds meanings but maintained their original denotation as well. An
A subsequent development in the history of characters, Sim- example is 9, originally a Simple Pictograph of a man sitting
ple Compounds are truly ideographic. They were made from with crossed legs. Its derived meanings are "exchange, com-
INTRODUrnON INTRODUCTlON
municate, intercourse, mix, join." This leap in meaning is characters into available selections of written Korean . The
comprehensible to anyone who has watched old Korean vocabulary words accompanying each character in this book
gentlemen sit cross legged by the hour and "communicate" can also supply a measure of meaningful context. The 900
with cronies. Chtng Ch'iao assigned 372 of his characters to middle school characters in the appendix can be useful
this category. Its characters are best learned by relating their because the most common and frequently used characters
original and derived meanings. appear in this list in the order they are first learned by Korean
Category Six: Arbitrary Meanings pupils.
Characters of this type also belonged to one of the first four Early attention to radicals, the 214 characters under which
categories and took on additional denotations, but they sur- all others are listed in hanja dictionaries, is recommended for
rendered their original meanings altogether. An example all. Familiarity with the radicals is requisite to the full use
is jff , a Simple Pictograph of a growing stalk of grain. Other of a dictionary, and many radicals are numbered among the
characters possessed the same meaning, but there was no discrete graphs which comprise all others. The radicals can
character for "to come," which was pronounced the same as be found in the radical index of this handbook.
% . As a homophone, % was pressed into service to denote A student of hacia will find it valuable to develop the habit
"to come" and has maintained only that meaning for millenia. of estimating to which of the Six Categories a target character
Graphs of this category account for 598 of the characters of belongs since this will enable him to choose an appropriate
ChSng Ch'iao. They are best learned arbitrarily. learning strategy for it. Consult the preceding section of the
Introduction for suggestions on learning strategies for each of
the Six Categories of Chinese characters.
HINTS ON LEARNING IiANJA
The vast majority of characters, perhaps ninety percent of
There is no royal road to learning characters, but the task all hanja, belong to the Phonetic Compound category. Each
is not as difficult as it may appear, either. The sheer number graph of this type mntains an internal clue to its own pro-
of hanja is daunting; large character dictionaries may run to nunciation. One beginning student schooled himself to look
50,000 entries. But no one need learn anything like this ridic- for this internal phonetic clue, and, on a quiz, successfully
ulous number, and fewer than 300 discrete graphs compose all matched readings to eleven of thirteen Phonetic Compounds
others. A study in Taiwan showed that the most common 400 he had not previously encountered. The student will be well
characters in use there comprised fully seventy-three percent advised to make it a practice to estimate the reading of a target
of all written material. (DeFrancis, page xix.) character, whether newly-encountered or unrecalled, by
The learning of Chinese characters will unavoidably entail assigning to it the pronunciation of its major component
some memorization. Homemade flash cards and repeated elements.
writing of characters can be valuable memorization aids. Any- A forthcoming handbook by the present editor will contain
thing, including hanja , is easier to learn when approached as some 2,000 characters arranged in sets. Each graph in a set
part of a meaningful context. Those already participating in contains the same phonetic element and shares an identical
a Korean language program can easily meld specific informa- or similar reading as well. The mnemonic value of a set of
tion about the 1,800 Basic Characters into their language characters which both look and sound alike can be appreciated
materials. Those undertaking independent study can meld by perusing the following chart.
16
lNTRODUCTJON INTRODUrnON
Phonetic Compound Set The 1,800 main entries are numbered consecutively. For 7 ,
this number is 238. These character numbers are used in cross
references and indices.
To the right of the main character are nine squares in which
its proper stroke order is progressively illustrated. The com-
plete pen-written form of the main character occurs as the
final entry in these squares. It is important to compare and
contrast the written and printed forms of the main character
since both will be encountered in reading materials.
The formal definition, or h u n , of the main character occurs
in the upper left corner of the area following the writing
models. The hun for the sample character is 2 x 1 . This is
EXPLANATION OF A SAMPLE CHARACI'ER ENTRY followed to the right by English definitions of the main char-
acter and by its reading, or u'm, in boldface hangiil. In the
The character entry below is typical of the 1,800 in A Guide sample entry, this iim is xi. The hun and iim are ordinarily
to Korean Characters. said together as a verbal means of identifying a character.
Sample voc3bulary words comprise the remainder of the
Sample Entry entry:These were selected on the basis of frequency of use in
the language. Usually, three such words are included in an
P=-
'
,' 113 9 x 1 character, letter 4 entry. The hanja typeface used for sample words is the
*? character, letter, writing Ez\ stylized variation increasingly common in published material.
17 @7 Sino-Koreancharacters, 9x1 Compare and contrast these with the main character typeface
Chinese characters
?$8, character dictionary 4 zd in an entry.
'f- 3 A Guide to Korean Characters is designed to aid in learn-
,
238
ing hangiil and hania . As a mini-dictionary, its English def-
initions are not exhaustive. For the convenience of the reader
The main character of the sample entry, 2 , is one of the and to exploit limited space, many English definitions appear
Basic Hania taught in a11 Korean secondary schools. It appears in verbal, adjectival or adverbial form even though Korean
first in a large-type, slightly-abbreviated form common in referents may occur only as nouns.
published material. In the box beneath the main character is English definitions were purposely inserted between hanja
listed the radical under which it can be found in a character entries and their hangiil readings in order to cause the eye of
dictionary. This radical is given in its unabbreviated form, the reader to encounter first hanja and then its English mean-
while it may appear in the main character in its common, ing before coming to pronunciation. This arrangement may
abbreviated form. (A chart of abbreviated radicals appears facilitate the learning process by obliging the reader to relate
on page 348.) The number to the right of the radical indicates form and meaning for milliseconds before dealing with pro-
the number of strokes in the non-radical portion of the main nunciation.
character, datum that is vital when using a hanja dictionary.
INTROWCTION INTRODUCTION
WRITING CHARACI'ERS The Rules of Stroke Order

Two basic rules govern stroke order.
A general rule of writing is to make the graphs of uniform
size no matter how simple or complex they may be. Hanja are 1. Top to bottom.
listed in character dictionaries in ways inextricably related to
stroke count. (See How to Use a Character Dictionary, p.347.)
A character must be written, therefore, with strokes of con-
stant shape set down in unvarying order. Details regarding
stroke type and stroke order are provided below, but the
reader will doubtless find the writing models accompanying
each character in the text to be a more practical calligraphic
guide.
Types of Strokes
The following chart illustrates eighteen types of strokes 2. Left to right.
used in writing characters. The samples are done in brush
style, but the principles also apply to pen calligraphy. Gen-
erally, perpendicular strokes are made from top to bottom,
while horizontal strokes are made from left to right. Even
when it includes an angle, a stroke is written without lifting
pen from paper. I
Seven auxiliary rules also control the order of strokes.
Types of Strokes 3. ~orizontalstrokes usually are written first when they
I
cross perpendicular ones.
4. Sometimes the reverse is true.

m
j
lNTR0WCnON
9. A piercing horizontal stroke is written last.
5. A center stroke is written first, then the left and final-

GLOSSARY
ly the right.
Basic Characters. Basic Characters are the 1,800 hanja
taught by order of the Ministry of Education since 1972 in all
Korean middle and high schools. Their formal name is "Basic
Characters for Use in Classical Korean Instruction" (hanmun
kyoylakyong kich'o hanja).
6. An enclosure precedes its contents. Basic Hanja . See Basic Characters.
Chinese Characters. See Six Categories of Chinese Char-
acters.
Classical Korean. Classical Korean (hanmun) is classical
Chinese used by Koreans as their written language for more
than 1,500 years.
Hangiil. Hangu'l is the modern name for the Korean
alphabet promulgated in 1446 but not widely used until the
present century.
Hanja . See Sino-Korean Characters.
Ideograph. An ideograph is a symbol representing an
7. Diagonals running to the left precede diagonals flow- object or an idea but not the sound associated with that object
ing to the right.
or idea in spoken language.
Polysynthetic . Polysynthesism is the grammatical practice
in Korean of combining word elements into a single word that
can be the equivalent of phrases or even a sentence in English.
Phonetic Compound. One of the Six Categories of Chinese
characters, Phonetic Compounds comprise some ninety
percent of all characters. They are semi-ideographic and semi-
phonetic.
8. A piercing perpendicular-strokeis written last. Reading. - The iim, or pronunciation, of a character is its
reading.
Semantic Element. A semantic element is that part of a
Phonetic Compound, usually one-half the total character,
which provides a hint to the general meaning of the compound.
INTRODV(;TION
Simple Compounds. One of the Six Categories of Chinese
characters, Simple Compounds were formed from two ele-
ments whose combined meanings provide a clue to the deno-
tation of the compound. They are ideographic.
Simple Diagrams. One of the Six Categories of Chinese
characters, Simple Diagrams depict relationships for which
a picture cannot readily be drawn.
Simple Pictographs. One of the Six Categories of Chinese THE BASIC CHARACTERS
characters, Simple Pictographs are drawings of objects. They
were the first characters fabricated by the ancient Chinese.
Sino-Korean Characters. Chinese characters as they are
used in the Korean language.
Six Categories of Chinese Characters. A traditional
classification of Chinese characters into six types accordmg
to how they were originally fabricated or later accrued mean-
ing. The Six Categories are Simple Pictographs, Simple Dia-
grams, Simple Compounds; Phonetic Compounds, Derived
Meanings and Arbitrary Meanings.
1and 2 strokes
seventy years
1
4
2 strokes 2 strokes
3 strokes
I 3 strokes
k His Royal Majesty 74 till now, up to the present P5

kfi$f@ high society
kg senior official
n&3 die, perish; be lost; absent rb-

#it flee, run away, escape
@ -t- be destroyed, collapse, fall 9 o,F
man, gentleman; 12& defect, seek foreign refuge 99
T A common, ordinary
A R in general, as a rule
n 1
A '8 mediocre; common, ordinary % .'k
a rooming house 26
20
k 4.
7 n fl 3 knife blade, knife edge ?!
A, )
" 2 apil1;abullet
h%
h @1
$$h
pill, pellet
pill, pellet
bullet; projectile; shell
a ",t
@41
!&a
a & A bladed weapons;
$ XJ
bayonets; weapons
kill oneself with a dagger
$!q
xioJ
2 n 1
21 27
3 strokes
T #9i a thousand years

f- lf. a thousand characters
3,e, one's own child;
a population; inhabitants 0
J ?
kti4 land, real estate

fB
f
f * nature of the soil
civil engineering +gill
degree of kinship
short dramatical
performance; skit
officer; soldier
novel, story; fiction
it$ gentleman, man of honor /J\g retail selling
~ I J \ large and small; size,
p TI] evening edition +& hg fields and mountains

4 morning and evening; E"?
0 breakfast and dinner
-
32
3 4
$-, big. great
A, f
A@
very, very much, greatly
major portion, large part
college, university
4@
d+g
GI*
1
3 stream bank, riverside
CLl)ll mountains and rivers
A 0
33
3 strokes 4 strokes
Branches; snake
Ze 42d of the 60 binary terms 9x1
of the sexagenary cycle
zek#d literati purge of 1545 +A~A)#
?% intervene, meddle in 34
T 0
reclaim land by drainage +4
44 49
3 #+ red, cinnabar; pill g

9 7 a bow
17
9%
3%
archery,bowmanship
archer, bowman
%$
3S-f Re -
autumnal tints,
red and yellow
A.$? colors; red and green
--!+fl#L\ fidelity; a sincere heart
cJ%
94
?J%Q>J
3 0 3
45 50
4 strokes
4 strokes
12 mercy; beneficence
et cetera; thus and thus,
woman
I4 @ the substance, details;
contents
I4 a< the interior, the inner
/ / \
2~ 39%royal
impartial, fair; public 3
2 -12
princess
af$$Rcivil servant, government %y%
employee
public opinion; fair
o T
37
%%
n 2
criticism
61
1 L A 4 R,! six 3 (i+)
I, 1
June +P4
i
A 9 now, the present time I\ 2-
/ \
f;; + sixty .
f; the Six Categories of
Chinese Characters
84
Q 4
n 2
62
4 strokes 4 strokes
I48 a year of famine

wicked, bad
f a poor crop
04 % difficulty, distressed
JE@ misfortune, bad luck
#$E unexpected misfortune
@ftI be immediate, real calamity, disaster
ZW mention, say
&l6ga forget-me-not flower TnJZ Q propagate, disseminate
, surprise, surprisingly ad
enough the state examination
"
9 2
67
1k :,
3 transform, change 4.
g i k *deteriorate,aggravate, %L%)
iLb
i k
worsen
chemistry
inspire, influence
* ";F
7J3)
gj opposition, resistance;
t 2
68
39
4 strokes
L more, moreover
Rg extreme, severe
Korea in 1592
Z 19th of the 60 binary terms od
of the sexagenary cycle
ER a very short distance

ZRBT a mere child
droop; demand, ask
farmer, peasant
3 I ,# transfer of duties
nd, affections; .
ention; core; center
4 strokes 4 strokes
direction; square; region;

plan; recipe; just now
pg governmental vi
fi method, way, means
7)s speak; say, it is said

6 argue pro and con
-ft@ pay, disburse $13
8 Confucius said
8 p+ a female ruffian; a rowdy %q
a@ monthly salary
* i k culture ;civilization 33\
a YJ a monthly magazine,
a monthly publication
* 91
0
f( E1Jj
2 (:h
civilization; culture
a literatus, a man of letters
39
9 *J
Fj X the end of the month, end 32
- 3 a dry measure (18 liters, .4-
44- @ +
3.97 gallons)
an authority, a luminary,
a star
E)J f
*g- the planet Jupiter
4 0
+ measuring by pecks 7%b
92 ( ~ 1 )
4 strokes
4 strokes
.Ic !3 father and mother,
sliced boiled meat
$ ratio, percentage
%@% woolen fabrics, woolen 9 39
cow, ox
+f L cow's milk
"Readclassics into a 54
COW'S ear", cast pearls
a clan, a family
surname and personal
name, one's full name
5 strokes 5 strokes
T be firm, decisive, resolute 4
others, et cetera
E$ the world, the earth #$IT office boy; errand girl;

j&L the world; society;
+&R a generation
SS transfer, hand over;

commit to; pay
J+
f ask, solicit, request; charge +EL
with, entrust with
+j- remit, forward, send *+
A 3
'' transfer, hand over, 3l+
'
120 pass along
/ - -
I;f 4 3d of the 10 Heavenly '+I
;,f'
Taoist immortal, fairy, 4
I r3 Stems ; the third
AJ
genie
- (dl& fairy, nymph 44
fi,fi 1% 3% 3dofofthe
thesexagenary
60 binary terms
cycle 9 6J @ (& Taoist immortal; hermit,
ascetic; a spirit
AJAJ
- 4
third class, third grade 9%
115 A 3 (h), hermit, ascetic; a spirit; "J
121 Taoist immortal
5 strokes 5 strokes
4 publish; engrave, cut

good; tenn of respect
command, order
process, work;
manufacture; treat
5 % brothers, sisters, brethren g 41

rfig meritorious service,
a% husband of a girl's elder 3 +- ak
meritorious deeds
merit and virtue;
Iffff
books, publications
a7_% be included, contained,
embraced, covered
ffff ~ a m ~ h l ebooklet
t, wrap, pack up
+$E the winter solstice

5 strokes 5 strokes
%W exclaim, cry out

$ occupy; seize, take,capture ;do qj p4~& a cry, shout, shriek
occupy, possess (territory) $4 ~ 4 % impeach, censure,
possess, occupy (property) denounce, arraign
jff come and go; lending and 44

borrowing; transactions
A 9 now, the present

{ merely, only; but,
however, provided that,
on condition that
5 strokes 5 strokes
-T
criminal case
qg flattery, honeyed words ~4
ER huge, colossal
E an enormous object; a
prominent person
EE a great man; a huge star 4
*% propagate, proselyte
E proclaim, declare,
5 strokes 5 strokes
fJ @
! hit, strike; a blow
fJ h$ destroy, break down
fJ calculate, reckon
k
bs kindergarten
@% an infant, a baby
2 @J the young and the old
Z!i! New Year's Day
o\* not,no;un-,in-,non-;
% theU.S.dollar
certain victory
5 strokes 5 strokes
3 entrance hall
3 unpolished rice
7 a kind of harp
ak mother and daughter

homeland, mother
JJL+ final year of term of

service; a girl 15 or 16
ilc ,$!& the freezing point X#$ disintegrate, fall to pieces; qq

break up, collapse
*$ij a glacier; an icebound river MJ i Z W a tile-roofed house
'
3 71
4 perpetual, eternal, long 54 - -f-- -tf 3 sweet; pleasant,
voluntary
3
7 j (
*
&
&%
perpetual, eternal
permanence; perpetuity,
eternity
9%
9=p
94
H*r IfI $ licorice
be willing
root
to suffer,
&a
4-f-
*
final farewell, part forever 0
submit willingly
1
174 180 #'% sweetness, a sweet taste ;Id- nl
transgress, violate; d I )- )j be born; produce; life; d

offend; invade student; raw, fresh;
%%$ an offender, a criminal, % 4 x\ arbitrary, forced
a convict
%f i commit a crime 3 *A'
.)+ & living, existence %
A
175
2 & break the law, violate
the law
%$
J
1 0
181
% life
survival, survive 4' +d
5 strokes 5 strokes
Ffia skin, the skin

use, employ Emm superficial, shallow
forms; stationery &% a conveyor belt
purpose, object, goal

EEI k cultivated land, fields
2~ contradiction
means; source; permit 3% $% contradictory terms p+$ A\
marshal; display, set forth

% ti arrows and stones 4 "4
(in ancient warfare)
t; the sexagenary cycle $$ % a poisoned arrow
E; 9 bow and arrow
+4
34
6,a kerosene
6 stone implement
0A Caucasian, white man

6 strokes
6 strokes
4 growing grain, a)
growing rice
%&% edible grains, cereals 9-35
8 0
194
> '
Tpd cave, hole %I
RE dwell in a cave 37.1
RR depth of a grave 53 "d
a grave -zt%
E 0
195
# incident, affair, matter

1% {+ condition, stipulation
(+ @ number of cases,
number of incidents
2& exchange, interchange

2& negotiate, bargain & gu plans; make a plan
A 4 & intend; contemplate; 7 )E
203 undertake
1 2 - 2 -
L 1 12th of the 12 Earth's 4 4-- a 3
5 prostrate; yield; humble; q
7 5 &@
Branches; boar, pig
Watch of the Boar, the period 4 A ) iR ;f :K 4K- {A{A
hide, lie in ambush;
suppress; secret
surrender, capitulate 32 +
+
- 198
4
'
between9 and 11 P.M.
% '?. Year of the Boar
Day of the Boar
dd
4 "2
A
204
4
3 three "dog dayswof summer
hide, conceal oneself;
dormant, latent
"d-+
6 strokes 6 strokes
thewhole,all
+@ pan-national, nation-wide, JJ%
the whole country
eg, completely, entirely
communism
' % combined, joint o.
3o- 5 5
n 4
#EZ% communism t."JTq
213
&@ be common, be common to + g
again, repeated 4
1 rliB@ reconstruction 34 4.
@ A a second time, twice 3?rl 3-
jIj ifj Bj- efiqyear before last 34?-d
n 4
O? E a trillion; omen, sign E

214
- 49 punishment 4
k 9
, ,$
9
indication, sign; omen
sign, indication, omen
a hundred million and a
~2 Zi?
a4
04
f l ]f a criminal case; detective,
police investigator
fl]& criminal law
3 A\
%g
trillion ;myriads fl]g place of execution 7jd %I-
JL 4
209
n2154
) 1- I+ 4 first, front, foremost 4 4
7 )tF 9 arrange in order; enumerate, 34
. fk* a teacher; gentleman; "J "8 classify;each one;
file, rank; series
Mister (honorific)
f k a senior, an elder .';!~ f l a train 03 >\
fk,@& a forerunner;
IL 4
210
the vanguard 47.1 n2 1 64 ?IJ@ the Great Powers
811 archipelago
93
95
6 strokes
ft & crisis, emergency,

critical situation
@& an impression
@ $g a seal impression
& & each, every; all;
a lucky dream,dream
6 strokes 6 strokes
so\& return; Mohammedan; 4

time, occasion
BR %asibefore, as ever
EZE the present, now;at present; gxq

this world; present tense
&E&exist, be extant S4
%@ site, position, location; &31
whereabouts g senility, dotage
Bll.. many and few; some; 4-k *F character, letter, writing +PI-
quantity, amount t@5j?. Sino-Korean characters,
good fortune, good luck
Chinese characters
L+88
9% character dictionary
kindness, humaneness 4x2
232
/ -
---7
-
3 2971 barbarians; eastern 01
barbarians; squat
g g $ &ss
k 3
3 # strange
the eastern
custom
barbarians 01 q
8 0 1 t life and death; existence 5 ~2
233
%L "1 queen; royal concubine; 4
k 3
ZL *hi?,
wife; lady *
queen dowager
342 queen consort
42% queen and royal concubine
4 "1
%L "1
dl M I
4 spouse; wife of
6 strokes
6 strokes
& $$?jplace of a ceremony

f$$& a ceremony, a rite
arrange
safety, security
,'. 3
243
-- 1. Buddhist temple; hall *I
3 ' %
7f ~ ,
-+E amonastery,
a Buddhist temple
Buddhist temple
k%famous
l Buddhist temple
in KyZingju dating
A\
A\
3
3 k%@ Watch of the Dog,
between 7 and 9 P.M.
.I- 3
244 from 691 A.D.
1 )I .Jx *?+pointed, sharp 3 entrust; request q
1-J ' .k
.LOA fine point, pointed tip; 44-
-J $ fi)-E depend on, rely on qe
vanguard E?- "2
'I;-%! be sharp, acute; be radical %,dl
'I;- & military spearhead 34 %! 3
,I. 3
245 251
- .] -). 3% region, state, province f ) 4% harvest; collect; receive what

is due, gather together;
+
J+lf$S provinces and counties ?% bind; bring to an end
.I-I j-1- j-1-1 h ,,.I,the nine provinces of Silla
91.19$ state governor
j'- 7
f zlA\ income, earnings $- "d
5 4frB to house, accommodate f- -$
: 3 2
4 harvest, gather in
246 252 f4
6 strokes 6 strokes
@ early marriage
El 2
253
3
period of ten days; A
ir
one-third of a month
f;$ the final ten days of Sl-5
a month
El 2
+ $ the middle ten days of
a month
%*
tkf& hereafter, in the future
254 $#Ifirst and tenth of a month 9
36 crooked, bent, false. P
,, 1% $& "" wrong; tune

a curvedline, curves
3 a tune, a melody
*4
*E
El 2
@~ meandering ; circumstances +3
9% exist, be; have, possess %
?3 % be famous, well-known -8-g
4% 2 be influential; %'rl
convincing; powerful
?34 full of promise. hopeful -8-nk
a14 rivers and mountains,
4 rivers and lakes,

$1
scenary, retreat
6 strokes
6 strokes
1.
nl*
4; % brown rice, 8J ~1
unpolished rice
rice/grain dealer D \ ~ A J
X 0
271
, -1 -2 0 , sheep, goat "2
2 -
2
F E wool
I4 goat; antelope
milk
0,t
"& -E-
4-
0,t
@& lotus pond; pond
gray; ash color, well-cooked; experienced
z@ old woman
E 0
+ the old and the young k&
274
- 9 3 +z% examine, consider 1
S$ $ examination, test 3-4
the common people 3 18 deliberate, consider 3 4
i'Zg&department store S$g examine, inquire into 3 22
fl one - hundred days 45 0
275
- 7 7-
\
9 6 1 3 and; but; like; nevertheless 01
%Zt;;iTii~-+ however, be that as it may 361

9 61 ~ k q
ifii 0
276
* -
73
72
6 strokes
6 strokes
fif. $boating; a boat ride

E $3 skiff, small boat
$3 @j pontoon bridge
IhJg the body, the flesh

% color, hue; coloring
f5S color blindness
a%? blood vessel
6@ behavior, conduct;
8 self, oneself; himself, action, movement
65 conduct, actions;
a function, an event
63 whereabouts
3 0
281
=is? k %-
1 L - 4 - 4 tongue 4
. &$B unfortunate slip of the JJS\
tongue
a!# argument, battle of tongues 3 xd
?? 0
282
74
7 strokes 7 strokes
)%{kgassistant, helper, aide
EE residents, inhabitants
fE'% residence, home, house
5
I 4 rank; esteemed; seat;
fZ
position lidOUBs'l in any event, anyway
df 4; aa place, location;
position; situation
$1 21
a"a (2 dignity; nobility 9 91 % slightest, any, little
A 211 $1
293 42 SB gentlemen
'4%
7 strokes
-7 strokes
' -7
,
J+y Buddha; France
a&
@@
Buddhism
statue of the ~ u d d h a
%-
+gz
z AL0
Buddhist scriptures -%4
13 strive, endeavor
7 strokes 7 strokes
i%Jk absorb, assimilate, suck in

% I absorb, suck up
*
#@ smoke tobacco
g ;-h I, me; we, us; mankind
rn 9
* be difficult; troublesome
awkward situation,
3
l & balance, equilibrium

E
3 equal, uniform, even
Fm average; on the average 43
7 strokes 7 strokes
chess situation
6 bureau director
1 tail; follow; end

follow; surveil
jg@ make one's rounds;

Idj obstruct, hamper,prevent d& 4 inspection tour
tI\ 9 hope for; Greece
gE compromise,
come to terms with
g E reasonable, appropriate E\
#i&compromise
fiR hospital bed

a wooden bed
7 strokes 7 strokes
/ j- $ the court, the government 3
@ ff the court, the government 3
76 ,em shun, avoid
7 $ &z court of law, tribunal 44 ,e@evade, shun, shirk; take 7191
gg the Royal Court 3Jd
,G !.# patience; perseverance
Jiff ingredient, component,
succeed, achieve
7 strokes 7 strokes
4 41 warn, caution; precepts 4 %kqoppose, resist

a transgress, violate
fiii)E resist; rebel against
Buddhist law
% support, maintain ~ p craftsmanship,

j
j g ~ m g mutual
t~ assistance, mechanical skill
fit in; submit; go toward

& B# attack, assault; verbally 3
E% cast a ballot, vote attack, denounce
@ invest, put up money & Ph offensive and defensive
E$J anonymous note;
contribute to write for
7 strokes
$w sentry, guard
j~f i walk, go afoot
@ El every day, each day

each year, yearly
R resolve; resolution
R& decide, resolve
362
'' xq
wH
J+ material, stuff
materials
H $ lumber, timber
resources, material
4
4 s-
49
4 71
inspect; sight-see
363 $$
A
,
- -
3% bind; control, restrain,
keep in order
-I
gloomy, melancholy
% S T $ -
KJ3R
%# bind,
promise,
put give
shackle
underone's
the yoke,
word q+ +* t k ~go to the bottom, sink
* 3 g+f fj? helpless, one's hands f ++*j
are tied
1'
364
~ rural
~ ~ ~community
~ i l , a g e , bathe, wash oneself
- .
I#I
' I-/ -&A-
I.1 *$% village, hamlet
#$'% village house, cou.try house
7 strokes 7 strokes
$L private establishment
$L & private ownership

$L +q self-interest, private gain A\ Z]
8% study, research
%@. lineage; source, origin;

disaster victims
g3 a man, a male f@ a portrait, likeness

& man and woman, W resemblance
male and female /I; be unworthy of one's
& one's own children; father, be unlike one's
brother and sister
All is lost!
af liver and gall; one's
innermost heart
E l gracefuI; handsome
a prodigy, a genius
@ superior; predominant
91
7 strokes
&
, fk communize, sovietize
117: a right angle

ffj @ an angle; view, standpoint +E
a look from a running
- ' % 9% words, speech; talk,

speak, express; mean
9
- ,
+- **
\
=+z
urt language. speech
allude to, mention
90-1
9%
-. fi words and deeds, 9 *J j#j@ satisfied, contented
s o 4 speech and action
386
1 izL valley, ravine =
f
7. L4 6 mountain valley
1
"J+
' F- s'
6. 6 dark valley, deep valley
gorge, canyon, ravine
++
TI+
@ 0
38, As
/ -
,
C +
, beans;peas r
kg soy beans 47 - 0 @$@ bicycle 4-734
T' F: bean curd
green peas
74-
++ - $@ vehicles
A ijj& automobile, car, truck
*F ?+
-3
4-54
53: 0 $ 0
388 394
1 17 17 shells; treasure 4 ' f bitter, acrid; distressing, 4
9
,
I! %Q shellfish
F! Ihi shellware, shell goods
W % a shell
4 5-
~1%
51q~
F - PX
toilsome, grievous
suffer bitter experiences
% be sharp, biting, pungent
% spicy hot taste
AJx
"Jg
du1
" 0
389 gJ
1\
7 strokes 8 strokes
guard against, ward off

@? defense (as in "defense dkql
&3 include, contain;

embraces; covers
$3 imply, suggest
confederation
ER ally, friendly state
?l]% moment, instant

@ #Si'$ hell, an inferno $La a wet nurse
%3 vicinity, neighborhood;
$1 the female breast
/ /
% 2 affair,matter;undertaking, A\
Branches; cock, rooster business; serve
Watch of the Cock,
the period between
/
u - A
BR fact, reality; actua1ity;truth *)a
5 a n d 7 P.M. circumstances, the situation, 47d
state of things
E% Year of the Rooster /
BB DayoftheRooster
1 7
406 g& $I% incident, affair, case At d_
8 strokes
8 strokes
W concrete example
flJ$7 common practice,
custom; customary
the fixed official pric
H use, employ, apply
7 rJ 5771 rabbit 4.
% rabbit droppings L
ES
utch, rabbit box +_A\
& rabbit skin LE31
JL 6
417
i
' oto] son, child O\
a child, children .)a

47 a /J\
orphan
infant; young child
z o t
JL 6
418
L7
/ 9b
8 strokes 8 strokes
chit, bank note

B% certificate, bond,
law; documents; control;

mortgage 34 work laboriously;
%$$ dictionary, lexicon
&E a classic, the classics,
old books
$tC@BtJ typical, model
1 arrive at, reach

arrive at a destination
$1) everywhere, everyplace
$1) % arrival, advent; visitation
craven
4@ lowly, obscure, humble
laws; regulate, govern; 41

determine, decide,
fix; prepare
%I] restrict, limit 51
.l)
establish, enact, institute 3)ZJ
$ j J j ~regulation dress, uniform +
8 strokes I 8 strokes
34
overwhelm, overrun WE call to; act in concert
@a examine, investigate
H% stubborn; persistent
EF
i J firm, solid, strong
5 1% take over, assume
8 strokes 1 8 strokes
'+J
&Be']
night, nighttime;the dark
nighttime, night 0k 4
0)
"4
bs night guard 0k 8
&a night duty, night shift work
44 3
s 3- 7) 01 2 strange, rare, wonderful 71
9 curious, extraordinary 71
& I
$ P$$ strange. odd; exquisite,
wonderful
7) 3
' of one's sister
3% a strange story 71
S service, serve
serve in government,
hold official office
concubine, mistress
father's sister
&a paternal aunt
mother-in-law and
8 strokes 8 strokes
entrust, commission
7@ the universe, the cosmos +f

q&&fi space travel
8 @J regular, scheduled,
friendless, lonesome,
EB dwell at, live in

E E dwell, reside, inhabit
l&sa living room
humiliation, disgrace
& bent, winding
E fJF surrender, yield
8 strokes 8 strokes
k% i
a young (waxing) moon ~2z ,
@ 4 string music
~ 1 5 ;conquer, subjugate,
@& conquer, subjugate
@ go on expedition
8 strokes 8 strokes
repeat from memory
someone, some person

8 strokes 8 strokes
disobey, rebel
applause, clapping
#IF musical beat, time,
cultivation; exploit,
M@Jl bright, cheerful

!Yj $ plain, obvious
g@ definite, clear
detain, keep in custody @ easy, simple

;I;# not be hindered by; @ fortune telling, divination
disregard obstacles
%P$ ascend and descend;
# ascension to heaven
W& be promoted
8 strokes
dusk, twilight
@ faint, fall unconscious
@@ lapse into a coma,
become comatose
a long time
a %
1
* 9::
11
3
past and present
last year; ancient times
3 4
Aj 'd
O5054 -w?
J, n fJ
41 friend, companion;
match, pair
friend, companion
%
tlo
fi RJ - m l faction, clique, coterie

-br
3-9
mx+jE "confidence between +++-AJ
5.2 A4 friends"
+
I A clothes; swallow; dose of Q
IB
fl Al 8f
medicine; serve, submit
overcome, conquer
aB@ obey; yield
161% public service
++
2
72-
0a
97-
513
- 7
507
board, p l d Fl 41 71 a pillow 3
+-+4
f
#?? a board, a plank S...z\ %* a block; railroad crosstie %J
&+ woodblock-printedbook %& *a
$ 4- $7 #?rEjJ&P'anmunj6m 4-3 &t;b
wooden pillow
pillow and bed; 2J
2t
*'
508 $3 $3. 514
sleeping place
8 strokes 8 strokes
Efiff branches and leaves;
poison; evil, hurtful

a poisonous snake
4 law, statute, rule; plan,

method; example;
$Jll l rivers; streams and doctrines of Buddha
--jq J 4 ? &E alaw; thelaw 4%

4%
:a :-> '
court of law
% 5
519 ;v
@$J canal, waterway
42: -&$k E$ a judge i!!
% . . %
7) oil, fat, grease; paint, %
' Q cry, weep Q
varnish . be moved to tears 7FA
u tl
;fiit4 petroleum; kerosene 4% :' 1 :A a, tearful remonstrance 4-7,F

anoilfie, 4 / 4' :B-am implore, request with tears $id
% ~ i
crude oil, petroleum 91% & 5 *J- * A
526
;\) )%
8 strokes
8 strokes
. 94 waves (on water) 3 34 printing block ?!
waves, rough sea a)E IlhiE situation, state of affairs *?
~@Bwave-motion, s\+ set type, compose type 34
undulation; fluctuation publish, print, bring out 5%
.@@ ripples 4%
> 2J$ mud, mire; plaster; paste ~1

rl $1; @ get dead drunk 01 4
# + mud; clay, potter's clay
7 1 j ~ 6 gilt paint
0)s
61 -S
- %4 pour water; concentrate +

.
' # heed, pay attention, ?GI
., -L
- a> be cautious of
; ; 4
j$* order (as a suit of clothes),
commission
f2
>+ ;z
*'
& 5 -2- H take notice, pay attention ?9
529
* %I
41 94 swim, dive
..
*$k swim -r003
g& the backstroke ~13
swimming pool g
cd;a'
530 4
8 b >
' gg flame; bright; brilliant; 3
inflammation, ... itis
fi 9: 3:
j: $I% intense summer heat % O$
&x broiling weather; $3
a blazing sun
@$I intense heat %-$
531
' 1% dispute, wrangle 4
contest, competition 24
\Ir
$ $$ mjq struggle; strife; 7x8
a campaign
9% compete,scramble, 4 E&
struggle
532
8 strokes
8 strokes
kd blind; deluded 4
e
' &
)
*17 '
$-E
@
El Fj blindly, recklessly
blind faith, blind belief
the blind and the dumb
u j +q
94
dot
a 3 e -a
c
539 ,q
straight, direct; honest ill
\
# straight line
5 fi @
.
&$j
directly; personally
immediately prior, right
44
4 xd
before
540
/ ) 5 ",F know 4
9% knowledge, learning 44
9% sense, judgment; 31 q
perception
B# intellect,mentality 4 "2
4 P7 $u
sacrifice, offering; sacrifices
A] A ) A\
to the dead: a year
ejie sacrificial rite; ancestor A] A\
worship service
. %%e sacrifice to one's ancestors %A\
Sjje memorial sacrifice held ELL)
at a grave -
P2 company, society; earth god,
altar to the earth god
@'& society, the public 451
?- pkH company use, business use A\$
, if.543
public commercial
announcement;
advertisement
A\X
.
m 4 &2--
n a be persuaded of
' 1 UJ sky,air;empty;hollow; = +% lie down, rest 9)
rn
7' 9y /z,3 a# - ,1 '
notebook
zero
3ill
0 1
13 J$ B
. @% lie sick in bed
@@ liedownwithsickness
qk $
qk "4
9 % vainly,
~ ) fruitlessly 54 @& sleep and eat, live an 9FA?
ideal life
,* 3% vain dream, fantasy ~0L 0A L
" ' &I PI\
544
3
' I?
550
8 strokes
8 strokes
I ZJ cottage, shed; lodge, 4
reside at; my younger
relative; put away; omit
&@ room for entertaining 4%
male guests
$@&boarding house; dormitory 71f A)
gg an official residence 44
W flowers; vice; assorted P)
E@ Silla ~011thexcelling in *%
beauty, bravery, and
military arts
EtE$1 flowerpoi
Em flower garden
sprout, shoot, germ o\

@$$ germinate, sprout e&O\
ng bud-grafting 0k7il
8 strokes 9 strokes
,$? pavilion, summerhouse Zd 7)

+i# pavilion, summerhouse 34
ue, green; young

EB marquis, marquess
feudal lords
Ep7i toilet; restroom

convenient, handy, useful 4 S]
9 strokes 9 strokes
$--;e? superior, eminent, heroic, f

refined, handsome
F A
@% be talented and refined TT
@;P eminent ability, talent 54
a great man, a hero 53
+ + 5
I
7
Sfi importune, press, urge
fig promote, expedite
31
Qs!
+ consequently, accordingly
RHIJ fundamental principle,
47 fia urgent, imminent; acute +%L
574
+?+customs, practices; vulgar, 4

J
1 ' common; worldly;
unrefined; lay (not clerical)
4' * (9 * {%-#% proverb, saying
the mundane world,
L k GL
1 T1
w1
A 7 earthly existence
575 folk customs uJl
XSi_eprotect, guard; guarantee $L
R% protect, safeguard Y.5
#a take custody. watchover 94 X bravery, courage
& brave man; warrior
#rff preserve, maintain Xg
& intrepid; valiant
A
576
7
j?f 4% 4%
$3 belleve in, trust; confidence; +l
token; letter; news; envoy
trust, rely on; credit 4.45
E& belief, conviction 4 'd
Es fidelity, truthfulness; AJ-21
faithfulness
577
1 3 1- cap, crown 3
a@ ceremonies for coming of 4s the South; southern
age and marriage
IIj %?$$ ancient court costume; 44
- FL 7z
578
7 z$$$
attire of a bridegroom
"hat ceremony", coming
of age ceremony
$j@ the south pole
&j k south and north; south
Korea and north Korea
9 strokes 9 strokes
%$$L rebel, revolt

revolt; plot treason
QA\+ adultery; rape
3ZgB implore, supplicate

23% grief, sorrow intercourse
adultery; fornication
---
%
I )
all, togther
@,!%gEa lost messenger $%%\A\
) esteemednephew @*l
(honorific)
Hamkyiing province $L<
n
589
6
A&,)&
17 Q
u I
v '
things, goods; quality;
kind, class; conduct,
deportment
m 7 d x3 ,fi@ one's uncle and
9 LZJ@ kind, variety, species %%
a 6 0 .Q 'Q GEi quality 5'2
590 -Q\ v" VU articles, commodities,goods 3%
9 strokes 9 strokes
screen against a draft

pictured screen
,
%a
*m.lEfi
an empire
imperial government,
A1+
41 4
rule by imperial
Y Y
government
fi 6 ,A
' %X emperor 4 %L
605
, 1 'r zk+- Ern

7
)
commander, leader 9
field marshal, fleet admiral +ilf
Y$M. generdissimn, ~k+
commander-in-chief
'
command, control, %f
leadership
7
I '1 1' -
71 0 dark, g1oomy;arcane;
subtle; retired, lonely
-8-
@% spirit of the dead; ghost, -i?
specter; supernatural
visitor
a IYYM incarcerate, confine
607
6
& ,& @g brightness and darkness
+41
%B
Efi
house; building, structure
outside, outdoors
Western-style house
7\+
'
r 45
j", WI%I@
OF%!
@$&
rule, law, limit, degree
calculate, estimate
system
frequency, number of
r
1
9
HIE
ES-
times; percent alcohol
1- 6
in liquor
608 j %
)% L1 survey land
9 strokes
9 strokes
,&@ careless, negligent; remiss 4 D,F
%% entertain, treat murmur against

expect, count on;
anticipate, hope for
stand by, await call
@z the rear, rear area

f%& regret, be sorry for
f military retreat; retreat pq
9 strokes
if%% maintain, support

%@ sustain, maintain
Rj?j possess, bear, carry
# nominate; designate
-- + 7 33 reason. cause; die,

the former
3
& native place, place of ~I.z&

origin
&
* 626
5
-$L @ gk i& h
accident; reasons,
circumstances
the departed. the deceased
A\X
02
132
9 strokes 9 strokes
be exhausted
#i*dead tree, withered tree 38
~% withered leaf
somebody, something,
so-and-so, such-and-such
X6 a certain place, solneplace LLZ~
@ a certain kind, some kind of =%
&a
&@
assess taxes; revise a budget A\J,,
in-laws relatives by
soft, pliable, flexible

gB judo, jujitsu
9 strokes
9 strokes
aflj Asian continent
#& dispatch forces,
'&%:athe Naktong River

9 strokes 9 strokes
/
\/7 emperor B
El.47 G' @ 3%
3% emperor
imperial household
3J 41
9 strokes 9 strokes
Wfg study, research,inquire into 47

R@ study and train, take training ++
ifif# pray, offer prayer

ifim pray, supplicate
$Z,% commemorate
department; science
@@I$$ laborer, worker
gB writer, author
t4.S traditional state fg$ envoy, messenger;
g\HtLpatience; perseverance 9 4 Ad
A rush in, dash in
%%& Christianity
674
3 k,-- A T 4
.*' \\\ .*xZ
9 strokes 9 strokes
\ A' 4 sprouts; growing corn E
BFj7j +f- %$
stomach and intestines
@% stomach ulcer 81 *' s~
sapling
plant a seedling;
3%
5=
E@ stomachache 1 11 a seedling
seedbed, seed-plot 3.2
4k *L
8 \=7 m la
1 A' 44s indeed; if, only 7
ZjR indigent; ignoble 'F4
Zje
#JIB a Chinese garment
5 ease temporarily 70k
688
T S % important, necessary; must; 8

summarize; demand; seek
8T a little, a few, some
for; make an agreement
mg@kas clear as light I%essential element; requisite Bt
if, supposing, by chance o&%t
% demand; request; call for AT
the main point, the general 3 4
idea; outline, summary
9 strokes
9 strokes
'rB% oppress, persecute

@aedit, retouch
%& write a book

state; a statement
terms; technical terms;
4%heavy; important; severe
lib restrict, limit

rn term, period
i&@ mutual aid; go aid limit, qualify, restrict
go for assistance
FZkf military, military affairs *A\

@
@ iarea, square measure
V!$$?the army, military forces ft4 aspects, features; face,
)
, soldier, military man countenance, honor
%@ the surface, the face,
the outside; appearance
10 strokes
9 strokes
food
@i& and drink; food
@ storehouse, warehouse
prime minister, premier +Ak %g%l
hastily, in a rush
10 strokes 10 strokes
+@j faint; die; be stunned

@@ demolish, tear down;
%& table for two
GB overdraw
i%% freeze to death
desolate; plaintive; sad; 4

10 strokes
10 strokes
$3 hard, unyielding 7d.
HI153 firmness; fortitude; 7 0 71
~
strength of character
RUB decisive; determined; ~bq-
71
728
~q f l l ] WIB
resolute
be upright, have integrity
5% source, origin, 3
beginning; natural;
derivation; plateau,
high plain; high level
the origin J'$
4s
7 29 $3
$' Ztf wise, knowing ip
BE9 philosophy 4f+
- ;If- $*- ;trii@ philosophy of, philosophical
principles of
7xn
, $V
\
f .k
77
$6
G'
B6% philosopher
I weep,
. cry, mourn for
~
+I
@E lamentation Qt single-stringed fiddle
Mz wail, weep aloud Z+
wailing %*
' 1 girl, woman; wife

lmember; associate %I 4 5 %
hR staff member, personnel
member of a medical staff
National Assemblyman
9%
13
9
21*J
$ +, *3 & 7 maiden, maidens
,
g a mass of women, an
ar rn y of women
%b3
9 3 ~ ~
t
" ' At & 4k

,-"
7 38
+L+&
Tang Dynasty, China, B \ f7J rejoice; amuse; pleasure A o
4
p5-
F@
Chinese
carrot +-Z
i( 4;
jp
&4 amusement; entertainment
@$$& amusement room, arcade
P
7 %; audaciously; %LS
733
presumptuously
Chinese rice paper %LJI *
7 39
' + 4$q
develop; unfold
U an island state,
&g hinder, prevent, obstruct MJ-84
$qg gain and loss, advantage 01 4
and disadvantage
$!?% murder, kill
' j5) 4 house; family; specialist, 7F
' I
423 difference, discrepancy; 3)
professional; class, send
school J % gR
/
difference, disparity +I
%% family; home 7F4 ZXI] discriminate, 2) %
+
744
7 I 1%'
x. !$Bk family, household
~ J L .furniture
7F+
7F'F
I
750
7 -%
IT
-% j ~ f i
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differentiate
confiscate. seize 3)"&
9% +
,
\
I 1-, appearance, manner; allow, teacher, instructor, 4
(
1-
accommodate; endure; f master; army division

forgive; contain;
admit; capacity; easy 4 @@ army division A\L&
1
3 1
3 d @ engineer, technician 71AF
BE forgive, pardon -%A 9 Madame, Mrs. (honorific A)X
+ 7 1 BIB capacity; volume; bulk 4-4 form)
745 fi fi B$$ looks, features, appearance -f$X 751
z ) ~ ] a seat; throne; base,

stand; constellation
JL. 6 %v -&u ky
760 IL I& IU
; 2' ;.F? t#x)q impudent, impertinent, 4
uppish; licentious;
dissipation
; ; ;^"
* &?& impertinent, impudent
Sfi willfulness, xiad
,G 2% ;2 :z self-indulgence
761 1 1 16
SL
7 5 R 4 4 4 fearful
b'& fear, terror 235
$ $ poor; scanty, limited 5% 3% EN intimidate, threaten, 2
'
2
blackmail
5% 5%
E g s henpecked husband %47)
,G 6 --- -
762 f b 1 I&'
r F P +nqf ashamed; shame

8i.E shame, disgrace 1 1 4-
31
@Ti. national disgrace, ?4

national humiliation
- %Ti. dishonor, disgrace f 21
dh
763
6
qL q c2 ~ : 1
10 strokes
10 strokes
,I fist; clench, clasp
3
@ *pa h.eB pistol

+i%J boxing, box
iron fist, strong fist
?I*
?If
3%
5% disrespectful,
irreverent, rude
1 .,
3% seize
prisoner ofwar
&% arrest, apprehend
Gtik
j fa arrest and tie up,
apprehend
P1
P
24135
3q
771
seize, grasp Y
- #@ catch, capture; catch, ZZ;F
understand
*
772 ;rv kF ?< A 2% shake; move; flap a
'I d - @% promote, encourage; 4%
be encouraged;
%% rapture, ecstasy; be aroused
religious exaltation
glee, delight #GEi% oscillate, swing; vibrate 2J%
f
77 3 iE TE dull, stagnant, depressed +AJ
1L ,3- 2&$+$ belike, imitate; &

,I #I* ,J
;leg repent, regret; reject
%!% regret, feel sorry for
repent
4
qd
317ll
efficacious; endeavor
22% efficacy; results, effect zfi
fffi@ efficiency, efficient 3i-3
7 68
& remorse 31
"
774
6 >C
p
>k
$1 $A
a@ lose effect, be invalidated,
be nullified
22%
oF~calculate,estimate, E
'E ,I / ' ]
4 3" become aware of,
apprehend, awake
P
75)]
consider; arrange;
materials, ingredients
7 8 Btl understand; perceive;
be ready to
32 4 b' ~ f 3
materials 4
i
769
*% regret, feel remorse 1sla
3
775 -$- ++ $+& the fee, the cost
s~ free of charge
22%
Yh
qa school; check, examine, ii!

revise
the principal, X F ~
headmaster
. @ @ school playground, iz ~3
campus
782 @a revise iz Zd
4 time; hour, o'clock; season A) 41 kernel; investigate 1
g&
@ BsEj time; an hour
@a
@%I]
time, season, period
the hour and minute;
@$ 5 @?&
&
.
tuberculosis; tubercle
atomic nucleus
kernel; core
7df4
%xtq
14
,
the exact time
783
[ j ,
%
tree trunk; stock
shares, stocks
f
f"!
?- &E stockholder ??
'*
3+ stock certificate +TI
784
* S +& to plant; sow JH
cultivate, raise, grow 4 ~1
north wind of winter %&I plant trees 4 "4
$Af?+ monthly salary 2 &$& patted plant +4-l
ifia a the new moon
,-,,,,.:
785
'4 9~1root, beginning, cause

7 ,$ ~ h i n e s juniper
pine nut
e tree;
j @* root. origin, source
&! @ origin, fountainhead,
t
3&
3%
$EF pine nuts, pine seeds u44 source
@I]@ Chinese juniper tree r
1 ull
1
@@ basis, foundation; t7-l
*780 $77 $77 786
based on, founded on;
authority
, \fi chestnut tree;firm, durable;
$ cinnamon, cassia A1
$23-4'
full (as when ripe);
jfi
-
a, %*
%E?l
cold, chilly
chestnut tree
chestnut
+&
?Hi
g
BE
@H
$$
cinnamon bark
laurel tree; bay tree
cinnamon tree; cassia tree
731 $1
94
41 +
' T816 787
&
44 rule; limit; frame; form; 7$

ruled spaces; category
y $ gs
character, personality
grapple, fight
4
4 f
*788 , $ $ $&
hand-to-hand
rules, norms. form 44
@ ~ f @ die in the line of duty
(+I
3 3 jl:
+%")peach; profligacy
pink, rose (color of love); E>4
love
aM walnut 3.5
*789 8LRjt #L peach blossom 53)
& draft, draw up
agriculture and
@% mulberry leaves
fi inlet; port, boat landing P7

#j EEI riverside field
@B waft, float in the air; involve, concern,implicate;
,eq Alas! Alack!
?&@ romance, romantic
+$& special feature,
' ;e *
,n.K
-
./
;6
+$@ privilege, prerogative
' --' 7 9% soak, immerse; flood *

-2
;
--*
J
:3
j
@A
@&
@@
penetrate, invade, raid
beflooded, inundated
baptismby immersion
%JOJ
24 L;
%Ja1
animals; store up $!%&unprofitable, useless

SE livestock; livestock % 23 profitable, beneficial
2$ public good
@ ,% be attentive to;
bear in mind
@ study abroad
work without surcease
@ fatigued, exhausted
&@ be impoverished
infectious disease
I!Zl fatherland
nerves; energy; genius
progression, a series
3% class, grade, rank
B#& rank, grade; social class 31S
intimidating letter
N@ pulse, pulsation
CUE mountain range
blood vessel
2 ~ \ %+0l old gentleman, old man, %

A& "sir"
*:
J / 3 4
42- $$$*
princess (daughter of a %-f
king and a royal $ 1 smell of milk
4 /L?C /'\ J2 concubine)
840 41 g father-in-law andson-in-law 846 7'-
d
4
4
7 aplow 3 Z 5 01% reach, extend to 31
1
%#f'FMland under cultivation 8 3x1 scenic view, landscape 84
r
" 44- BFfrQ
t
3fatal 21 '3 4
34 - agree, concur 331
"841 b'? %* .
,
E
847
4 Z P iGk
91 S&
( 9 strokes in original
form, .)
fly, navigate the air

$$ sail, navigate the sea
a aircraft carrier
sort, manner, class;

all kinds, all sorts
EE vast, boundless
#j$j look into, examine
311% teaching, instruction;

m$ orchid; iris
311s instruct; direct
_
.rL 2 7\49record, a record, a mark; 71
remember
zB tearoom, teahouse
g~ tea and cakes, light 2 zzB reporter, journalist; 714
refreshment 1 5 stenographer
-
.-
+ ,
r vZ
+
&$i
&S
arecord, torecord
anarticle, an account
71%
714-
& 01-1 how, how can it possibly be 71
L-4 $dq 71
w h.*9 9-
delighted; triumphant
devastated, desolated
@ wilderness, wilds; 0 victory song; song of 71 7\
mfii& barren tract, wasteland +?J) 9
859
3 *? d-'+
< /
%I s-
triumph; paean
-r *
= 1
W&
offer as tribute
contribute to; render *%
3
service to
EX rlce for government taxes
5 5 5 $1g pay tribute (to a l q e r - 33,
F!
860
3
a 53 jq ---- state) .
"5 4
11 fl 4 property, wealth
8 8 Mi&
!kt%
finance, fiscal matters
property goods
an estate, property,
possessions
44
31
4 "i
5
accompany, escort
2 0:4+rise; start 71 22
@R originate in, spring from 71 %! i&B escape, flee; evade 5.31
&El cause E.7
k, indict, bring charges
against
71
71&
escape, desert, decamp Erik
862
i
%
868
6
ij)k
~ 1 7balcony; high 3 11 3 s 4 &%oppose, disobey; '4
<&.
contrary, refractory;
,e.'f~$.T@ukhiin,shrine of Yi A%?! anticipate
&
Yul-gok in Kangniing 3 L
/.\
@
%M anger "?d
'
*& *d j!$% rebels, traitors '4 4
& 6 j!$ 5 adverse situation '44
869
- --
3l-P
I
.'
-
4-
disgrace, defile; abuse
swear, curse %+!
Y nJ bewildered; fascinated;
++A\
deluded; lost
a]
humiliation, shame
restore honor,
$4-
"2% 2 .c g~ superstition,
superstitious belief
&@ path of error; maze
.I d
~ 1 %
clear oneself of shame ss bewildered, confused; e
870 infatuated with
4% 5 3
I; follow, pursue; seekout;
look back on; press, dun
3 x)q young man,young gentleman 9
%@P bridegroom "J ?+
, - gbn
Sg
add to, supplement;
"moreover"
press hard, probe to the
97 )
f3
@[3 $ E@P%Way ofthe Huarmng
(young knights of Silla)
llli
heart of - esteemed
(honorific)
son-in-law 4 %'-
servilely obey, be a slave to 4% 87 1
4
Em within the building,
within the institution
T~ match, mate, pair, fit;

find a match; worthy,
suitab1e;suffer punishment
ear, turn a deaf ear to
HfY seamstress
g$f an hour hand, short hand c&%J
@T fall; drop; descend

11 strokes
11 strokes
- k-
vice, subsidiary; aid

ZU@$El vice-president
even if, granting that
?J$J@ animal, living creature

?J$J {F move members of the
B- 953 splendid, admirable 4

great man; master 6J
thinker
grand, wonderful, great 44
B41 great power, +I q
mighty force
888
% a song; singing
gpg sing in unison Wfi execute,
hold political
carrypower
out
%Pa famous song;
ft,* concentrate the mind
celebrated singer
@% enlighten, edify grow, raise

g?j? reveal, revelation
&@ a foundation, a base

i%j% commerce, business;
engage in business && base, basis: foothold
11 strokes
11 strokes
lady-in-waiting,
female attendant
@ A lady, married woman

@k females. women.
secret-service agent
S
BEJ a speciality; a major;
a branch of learning
@ senior managing director 73y
g , ~ devote
, oneself to, put
heart and soul into
an account book
@% tent; canopy; curtain
gR solidarity;joint liability 94 @!& score, earn points; the score +$

Rm be accompanied by,
take another with
R@IJwear a sword; have a
sword at one's side
relatives on one's
mother's side
&% feeling, emotion,

RB situation, state of things ZJ 41
E% instruction, lessons
@% give and receive;
@@ appalling, gruesome
184
1
&% education, instruction
Rpoq learn by inquiry; learn,

hear, get wind of
save, rescue, a1
&%
: rescue, save
&x aid, help, save
#kg take or receive what is
#ail presume, conjecture @4$$ slanted line

#kW recommend, sponsor
11 strokes
11 strokes
*
& of the same race, from

the same countr
paulownia tree
sultan's parasol
yirmiana platanifolia)
morning star the theatrical world;

regular; a long thing

#%#stipulation, term
&# machine, machinery
# ambition, desire
W& lust, desire
#;ifZ craving, want, desire
Eft1 confusion, chaos
-1 '1- 7
n1S.
0 deep; profound, abstruse; 4
%@ shed tears, weep
&@ tears of gratitude,
tears of emotion
R TGT
J #
intimate; long; extreme
ggu serious, acute, grave
deep, profound
RVR breathe deeply, take
44
~d
~d3%
deep breaths
-/ -- < %Q shallow; light 8
/ f 4 , @a deep and/or shallow; 4a
!k'E a life, a lifetime; living relative depth
- @ shallow, superficial %"-F
BE shallow view, superficial 44
idea
190
-k
$&all correct, revise
elegant, refined;mellifluous 4 OF B!& reason, cause, grounds
B?R quickly, in no time at all, 9

before one is aware
+g rate, ratio(as suffix)

k@ ratio, percentage
@B candid, frank
@@$ glasses, spectacles

@ sense of discrimination, AS sentence; composition,
an appreciative eye
ETiti before one's eyes
- - -
-
J- 4
.I s D F 4~at last, finally a
Ik sa after all, in the final 34
@% vote, cast a ballot analysis
Hz count votes %% the ultimate fundamental 78
(Buddhism); ultimately,
3
999
6 *3
P s
XJ in the end
pL- 3\31 order, series, grade, 41
degree, ...th; a house;
an examination degree
k
$ *$ B- first, number one;primary ~1 9
' 1000 %% 8
$@Z%
third person,
disinterested party
8% fail an examination
4"pC4
) X" 3)~?1 flute, whistle 4
veneration ceremony * k* X*
&/$j siren; steam whistle
a kind of clarinet
71 E]
h x.1
%* director of an ancestor \ 17 siren, horn; whistle 54
veneration ceremony
%ft funeral oration, funeral ode A1 Z ' ,001
5
1
k
1 a
fly
k ' 9% agree with; tally; 9

a written charm
& % move; remove; transfer 01 5 ' kk *i; M .17%
17%
mark,sign.symM
Buddhist or Taoist
+%
w.1
&%E emigrate; shift people j amulet on paper with
Yy kk kk designs in red ink
Ifi.
1002 A). A$ 7ft% correspond to, agree with QQ

11 strokes
11 strokes
be based on, rest on the

ff in detail, minutely
@$ mouth and lips; lips

@ 3 a labial sound
boat, vessel, ship

j%R ship's crew; crewman
@E ship's captain
8% six-stringed Korean harp gs
7 fl 4 I 04 3 practice, study; customs, Q

practices
@*
7 q @g customs, practices 54
practice, drill 45
gq JJg %@ study9dril~ q+
,008
4<g1 ~
=
$$A enormous, immense

$$fextremely important
g!& intimate, familiar
3rd call on, visit
end with a whimper

"long snake formation"; s&~\zJ
;lo: $9 $C a long line, a queue
9
i % il 71 device, artifice; trick;
mystery; art, method;
profession, occupation
'$4 A$ r. artifice, stratagem 5 34
$4
' (ii- j$z {fiT
1018
8$s
#&
terms; specialized
terminology
magic, magical tricks +%I
9 regulations; scale 3
#iZ regulation, rule 34
1 1 j %@ scale, size; rule, pattern
standard, norm, criterion
fP
~3
" 4
1019 Rfl Jy $9)
sfi
- 2
e
1
&+%litigation; dispute;
demand justice
9
greedy official, grasping Qz]
2 +I as 1Itlgate,
- go to the law; a+
17 V P file suit
- 3 sue, file suit *A\
g
1020
4 2)-
G
2.1-
;L g ~ . 93 dispute 33 +
11 strokes 1 I' strokes
-fa2penetrate; transparent; ?
understand; thoroughly
-3a see through; see, divine, +A)
sense
penetrating, lucid, limpid; 7%
thorough, thoroughgoing
BM transparent, diaphanous F9
- -
g2 go through;communicate;
intercourse; all, whole
comnunications; news %4
pass, carry, be approved +i+
j&B commerce, commercial ~ A J -
intercourse
fast, quick
speed, velocity
speed, velocity, rate
EB h seller, agent a quick course; rapid
co~npletion
expel; pursue; in order,

in succession, one by
one
drive out, oust, evict
SB heavy responsibility compete, vie, contend
expel, drive away, oust
01
%#
3 connect, join
i contact with,
keep cdq
$1
keep in touch
EE join, link, connect 34
gs publish serially 321
f
+ A &
' 21 8
build, make, create 35
@$j@ build, construct;
structure, framework
;CE! L.32 it
TJ
-9..%& make, manufacture 3Ad
- Bit: creative energy of the E*
universe, creation,
1038 373 nature; the mysterious
11 strokes
11 strokes
@% sink in, fall in, collapse

at2 postal service, mail @% pit, trap, pitfall
3$% postage stamp %@ plot to injure
ag mail, post, send by mail +-
$$is
contours of the human
1
7 9 3 field, wilderness; rustic, , 0)
savage; wild,
undomesticated
8 ambition; mad ambition OkAJ
''
1043 $' 97
8% vegetables, greens
8% baseball
0k4
0k'F
r .
$)
9% close, shut, obstruct
bring down the curtain, 41 9
4
f '1 ?7 Y '7
jb 1L-
,
$
bring to an end
close a meeting
lock out; close, shut
41 4
41 4
11 strokes
12 strokes
&@ deer horn, antlers
R%!i zenith, apex

peak, summit
approximate time
famine; scarcity, dearth 71 t

starvation, hunger
hunger and thirst,starvation 71 72
. , @32 circumstantial evidence MJ-5

1060
* AS 2%
'iff 4%
prepare; compIete; HI
perfection
+M
#j*
prepare
a note, remarks
5 dl
dl 3
(for reference)
A lo
1061 4% 4% (4 MEI furnishings, fixtures
.dl %
12 strokes
cut up; divide

8 1 discount, price-reduction ~ O J
EUB allocate, apportion,
%#J win, be victorious
=F
@a thelarynx q-7
9*
,.,F Q
the throat
10729 U{Z u\$ v/E

,
J
~1 29 lose by death; mourning
Sail Ak4-
a mourning attire
chief mourner
house
bereaved
in mourning,
family
A2-+
4 7F
1073
12 strokes
12 strokes
@- sole, unilateral
Bm scope, extent @fi%

medium, agency, vehicle 7)13
Qa surround, encircle
Q)]
@&)i dike, bank, dam

a breakwater
arctic regions, frigid zone Q4
96rZ news report; report, inform 3-

a report; submit a report 2
rS, p firm, hard, strong 3 investigate; a fathom

E firm, solid, strong 83 3% ordinary, commonplace, d "k
1% 7 15% %j$ steady, sound, reliable 8%
E@ firmly maintain; 831 8% visit, pay a call
adhere to, stick to
1078
;t ~ f 2l 6 u).J open space; place; ;sr

threshing floor @& respect, esteem
@ treat with respect
%@ place, setting; a scene 3-4
'jd -Ja J#- %% place, spot; location, site x$&
@E majesty, dignity
* 9
3r5 j91/7 p
inside the hall, on the "kq
- 1079 premises
12 strokes
1090
1091
fk
7%
11
4k
1
40 4~
4'6
f $El
&B
$&a
$ &
Ct~l
sa
@R
@
9%
%E
in one big jump, sharply,
steeply; full width
full width of cloth;
powerful, strong
emphasize, stress
a great power,
1.)q restore; return; reply;

repeat; make good
again, repeatedly
recover, get w e ; regain
be revived, restored
resurrect, return tolife;
revive
comply with, follow;
in order
rotate, revolve
E@Ra vicious circle
a cycle
4+
/+8
+s
+SJ
A
TC
9%
qsq
4%71
%,% doubtful, confused;
,B,&
SEi!
gg
infatuated, captivated
graciousness
grace, favor; obligation,
moral indebtedness
seize; grasp, hold

conductor, conductress
manage, take charge of
>)+?-
12 strokes
+d
i&+
publish aboad; praise

exultant, triumphant
@g convert, change, exchange a

5 71 wisdom, knowledge 4
@ intelligence, intellect 31%
1 $17 9p @t
e~
wisdom. sagacity
wisdom and courage
44
714-
H 8 2~ %V
110s 1-1 R El
11 fl 0" '3 clear sky, fair weather a
1 daringly, boldly, RX cloudless sky, fair weather 34
.
'8 d" W- " clear or cloudy, relative
c~oucliness
4@
1109
business conditions;
% 52 abandon a child
already; duplicate;
add to, additional
&$$ forest, a wood
the universe, all creation, 4+&3
everything in nature
&E solemn, awe-inspiring
E?!?latest, most recent; nearest 4 +

Ei% highest; best; most
+2 deceive, cheat
%% deceive, hoodwink
2?B defraud, swindle
%a ignore, disregard
%& radio, wireless
$Ks safely, without incident ex)
, ,:r
fig conduct, behavior 58 +I
j 1314 )&m artificial, man-made 981"4
A 8
, stress, give prime +I t-lf
1130 importance to
1 1" 2" "et;

@
even; like, as
a reprieve; extension,
iT
-6-41
.@vlakeside, lakeshore -6-4x
1 1 31
z 3 j" =+ polish, cut (as gems)

j$j@ polish; cultivate virtue, E?-D~
'7 if jfi j$j*,%
improve one's mind
woodpecker .,l-+-E
& 9
1126
-g :d -d
-,f3JT ;q %%
jumble, potpourri
asOu~bOwl % 7~
*
11 32 $4 r~ jjg.
.-q 41 01% measure; fathom; estimate 3 -
#
3 3 7 J s X lute, guitar, harp P

1
J /
illla measure, calibrate, plumb Qzd 53% a type of harp
survey, measure; 4% 3' 9% gg harpandlute 1C
J jd estimate, guess 7
@ play the harp
n i?.
@%
jgl& survey land 3
71
1127 11 33
I 2 strokes 12 strokes
.'I -
'
3) dl turn (as in "my turn"), F!
duty, shift; change;
repeat
$$ %& number assignedto an 3x1
area, address
%% anumber 4%
1134 habitually; all the time 3g
picture 4
43 draw, mark q
- 3% artist, painter
stroke count, number of
4-7 t
4
,
strokes in a Chinese
S%*
E l 7
" 3
character
(Compare , 4 1343 .)
-
1135
.;,- lGis-
negligent, careless; state to a k
superior; statement ;distant.
@ separate; sparse; distribute,

spread out; dredge
negligent, careless kg
I&iLESij disperse; remove, evacuate 1 7 q
11 36 (Also written $$ .)
painful, sore %
bitterly lament, +re
deeply regret
be most pleasant, %q
extremely delightful
feel keenly, realize acutely %7&
rise; mount; advance =,

x7
register, enroll %%
register (as a title) -571
mountain-climbing %$
J!J become; put forth, send 9

forth, issue; arise,
develop; depart; manifest water receptacle for use 4
BE develop; prosper "24 with an ink stone
@fi publish, circulate ~3 a Chinese ink stone
gii discover; detect, spot. "2 T! @% the well of an ink stone
1 1 39 p 49 $5 chance upon
12 strokes
12 strokes
%@ indistinct, dim, faint

#i$i$weak, thin
gb tax affairs
gg written examination
answers
1k.B apply make-up

EB adorn, ornament
childish-minded
' writing brush; pen;pencil 3.i
- $3 writer, author 34-
krT
7 tip of a writing brush; 35-
the top name on a list
or roster & &
&t~
1150 @% j ot down, take notes 3 71 1156
6
4. tq &'
' 1 ~ ~ -
p k' kb- YC] group; class; wait; " etc." 7
I:i & .-
4, 7.1-2 govern, rule; unite; all;
clue, end of the thread;
J5
Kh.
FJ-% equality; of the same
rank
$$% classify; divide equally,
%%-
-ti=
e
.- C
' r 6% -
start
unification -E .:
n
lsl
6 ssz~
q. q-
share evenly
$$E difference in rank
*
1157
/.di; $? :/tFb@zt J@
statistics, numerical data
administer, govern. rule
%A1
221
pass
@@j away, die
+@j painted candles;

wedding ceremony
silk cord; spin silk

2 empty sky, air
toy with, victimize, make +* vanity, vainglory
@$&om street lights

12 strokes
12 strokes
3% criticism, review and

comment on
Z$@. appraise, rate, assess
Wylj reputation, repute
+
71 fill, fill in, fill a vacancy;
image, representation;
1174
- % &+gaccuse; complain; tell, & w *I-3 LL store up; hoard 4
G
\
2'
v .
$f pz
inform, state
sue, take legal proceedings &+ l~ g g 8. p.
EB
E%
Efi
store, stock
savemoney
store water; reservoir water
4 -l;k
4%
~4-lf
V &:%
3%
petition
file charges
kid
I f "
1181
5
61=7
/\ 1
/q-
4 S two (legal form) 01

twenty 61
a& twenty thousand 01 p&
valued, esteemed, honorable, 4

,‘your"; costly, high-class
precious, valuable 4% exceed; excessive
aristocracy, nobility; 4%
your esteemed family
lineage (honorific)
noble and mean, high and low 4 8
A& buy, purchase; suborn 4
i?h purchase, buy 4 "4
W @ bribe, buy someone 4L;
inclination to buy ~171
4% A% BJ 9 lend; borrow 4
%e debt and credit; let and hire 4 2k
/ 5% %%! loan, lend 44 distance, range; gap,
%.f;f lend, loan 4+
tl] Q expenditure; expend;

waste; extensive
(fig consume; expend
6 f ?$% trade, barter 8

6s
iy % trade, international ?%'
commerce
a trade port yo?%&
W 8 @I& trading company ?qdI 4
I
1-1
t 3-
'
f 5% metropolis; all; main
& capital city
ifi city; towns and cities
#L,L,i& heart of the city,
downtown area
E-4
3-
E-$
tx AJ d.1
_I
]I fl 1
03
rffr%
RJlE
mhfi
open; explain; begin
bring under cultivation;
develop, colonize,
pioneer
open a ineeting
start, inaugurate,begin *
7t]
71
7t]4
34
7t] A ]
58 eminent, surpassing; 5
prosperous; exalt
I
7% 5 1%
I?
,ros,,erc,us, thriving
bulge, rise up
0 A-1o
T
8 71
. 9 p highly esteem, $5
1201 deeplv respect
3' 7b7 *i
p
' 5 stairs. steps; rank, grade A1
$ 9
2 4 p;1
bk~ 5)L. (b
V'L
f
717
!1
1
qL7tk
P#$$$
L,f$@
rank; class
stairs. steps; stage, p h r w
Ejj$j stairs; class; rank
a\5
41 GJ
dl 5
3 f=% male (of birds, etc.); -$

virile, strong; brave;
m@ have spare time, is;t 7 ) martial
have leisure
m& be retired, sequestered *;FA: magnificent, grand % "k
mfi inactive; leisurely, quiet
2-4
4
1205 $1: j & majestic, magnificent
oratory; eloquence +%
accommodate to, adapt to f+

G ~ without friction 5~
I G ~ smoothly,
l i ~ @ obey, comply with
17 black; evil 4
,% F.
gq black letters; boldface;
in the black (not in
the red)
84
h ablack.aNegro qg
,...
I 0
,
1214 , ,, ,%& blackboard %3&
2
throng, gather in swarms
13 Strokes
2
4 431~ 1 %disorderly; reckless;
rebellion; confusion
G
+
8 $1
rebellion, revolt
violent; reckless
wild dancing; run wild;
MJ
q8
97
rn
rampage
31+% pressure. urge 4

% items, details, matters
I& {F 3
4 2%1
Q an item; a heading $I;?hypnotism 4 4%
#% article, clause 43
3
A
JJ3 transmit, hand down;

preach, propagate
fluence, authority 441
3 % debt, indebtedness,
!%pE sobbing, choking
2- =
--
{ (57
grieve, distress; injure,
wound
Ad-
1
1 1"11"1 @@
garden, orchard; park
gardening; horticulture 9 41
-5!
{G 45 1ti wound, cut. bruise

be injured, be wounded
A&
qAk
31 fi@ public park, public gardens +Q!
@@@ botanical garden +$
A 11 /$ @ serious injury 5-9
1221 3 XJ 1% 1227
71$ incline, lean; tip over,

collapse
3
1 )vq5' round, circular; basic unit
of Korean money
+!
/\
#fi (*fi '
"O tendency; inclination
@j$J slope, slant
give ear to, pay attention
# Z&
;d "k
#8
17 fl ]q %s
m%
satisfaction.contentrnent;
perfection; harmony
a circle, round shape
~
%%
P J
lo
1222 1228 ] 1 1[0@ cylinder. cylindrical 3%
-
qQ small, fine; microscopic; PI

subtle; lowly, humble
01 &
~1 s
~12
7lump, piece, clod

nugget; ingot of gold
a rock, stone
lump coal
,
\
. I
&
4'
5
s
2
g
-
compassion; love
8 k . b b e n e v o l e n c e ;mercy
charity, benevolence
%@ affection, kindness, love
4 dl Ad
44
x\ol
4
d l 9 !
, (14 strokes in original
1236 ( L JL 1 C form, .)
'r gd& block; stopup, clog; All (4) f % $n ~8 .,' think; expect AJ
cork; stopper, plug f imagine; suppose ",FA&
dW $0 $EI
I$ ae fortress, stronghold
block a harbor, blockade
34
3)$4
\
I
impressions, feelings,
thoughts
Bg indigent, poor 2$4 ,L +a JU $ U E I recal1,remember ",F 71
1237 lb IL lc
%71 tree trunk; trunk of a body 1.11 concern, anxiety; melancholy;

grieving, sad; depressing,
+
#% managing staff, 7s-
executive management gloomy
7J A;! grief, sadness;melancholy f "d
#g ,%€5 melancholy air, +All
I$)<I ~ KI+$.I
administrative affairs;
administrator,
executive secretary
I (L 9
1238 J L IL -
worriediook
%% sorrow
% f$ verandah, porch; corridor
servants' quarters, esp.
74.
*J 9
6-1 3 surpass, excel, more;
heal
++
on both sides of an
entry gate; lines of
&&&-
1
shops along a street
corridor, hallway L&%\ .L. 9 & &- &.
fa art gallery Z{ %L 1239 r L IC, 1
c
r ,,
I
2J 4 pure, uncorrupted; @ -
a purpose, will; meaning;
,@ idea
@
modest; investigate;
fi ,
reasonable in price
!EL# inexpensive, cheap
%&i. sense of shame;
4g
%4
%
,
meaning, significance
opinion, view
4~1
51 8
, intention; idea 511
-AF
lo
1234 @ fi BE
sense of honor
secretly observe, spy on 9%
2 34
13 strokes
13 strokes
A
loss; disadvantage, &
drawback; injure, --'i
I I-
destroy, spoil; injury,

disability, impairment
' 1%
@%
damage, loss
loss, suffer loss *"2
1247
lo
$g $8 %$ .1. sufferdamage, incurinjury ++!-
01 3 lead; carry; take along -fF
BR carry along, take along 4
g~ act in harmony. .I1 %
jj? Jfi move in concert
I M lj 11' lq
49
3
B%
shake, agitate, toss;
wave, sway; scull, row
shake, quake;be perturbed,
restless
68
% cradle: birthdace
& I gfh
roll and rock;
j shake, quake
8fl time, time and tide

%,# darkness, blackness formal bow on
@/T; hint, suggestion; New Year's Day
qg age (honorific)
fti;fgdarkroom; a dark room
@% talks, conference
funds, source of revenue; 4%

economic resources
:@% source, fountainhead
@@, source, origin
f&% occupation, job

3$$5 businessman
%@jbusiness operations,
business matters
@j$z+ thermometer
EE sleep, slumber
1- JG 13. bright, splendid 4

I=-B3
J i%
/??% 21st king of Kory6
'@e jl;;,Eptjname
(1181-1237)
4%
of Little South Gate %kq-T
A 9
1269
13e
1'
Ize
I \ >
~se
13''
in Seoul
t]n 1 3 reflect; look after; 3

a permit; according to,
J\\\ Ha da d2 referring to
,R%! illuminate, light up 3?j
gm stimulate, encourage
1270
9 a
1'
a
j 2 03
> ' > , I * \
k % 7 make inquiries about
,E@ to aim, to sight 35
ES
l
*J.(? stone tablet; gravestone "1
R& large stone tablet, ~1 "4
stone,monument
@* inscr~pt~on on a stone 01 z
tablet; epigraph
#H tablet house, structure dl 7?-
protecting a stone tablet
#@ crowd; masses, the public $$

# archipelago
young, tender 31
i $ infantile, childish R4
i$""kindergarten 3
3 classic books; Buddhist a

sutras; pass through;
manage
gg economy, economics 3 41
@!f expenses; expenditures 3 1'
@$& experience 3%
- - strokes
13 ~~
13 strokes
r
F F 4 9% invite wirhprerentr,
invite with rewards;
?I
engage someone
3' Wii: engage. employ. invite with
due rewards
LQ
"J 9
q & -& -& %a wife's mother
1289 4 4~ @* wife's father "J "J
% f 2 solemn; reverential; 9 $pJ ten thousand

respectful; majestic;
awesome &- if; unexpected
solemn, grave, serious 9 f

purge; liquidate ?#
a enforce, regulate % ad
3% author, writer
3 compose, write
1300
1 1-i-
g% the concerned,
the interested
topic of co~lversation,
,
/
-3;
< "
x\$iL2boast, brag; praise i+
exaggerate, overstate 44
fj#.@ interpret, explicate -

'Q -
72;K P
,$jy
35
stretch the truth,
exaggerate
display; show off
43
4-4
1311
6 <&
V
-3,k 2%.
X73
fl E.? thief; to plunder 4
trained, disciplined - 'I$@ thief, robber; theft EA?
g- d- g q a@
m@
pirate
brigand, bandit
34 35
"J"4
trial, test, ordeal
+ ~ tagriculture; farm; farmer
KWi reception, treatment;
B6 execute, perform
@R road money, traveling

B play, play at a game
%fa sightsee, tour
@ $$ route, course, line
@ male and female;
*r 9 zero; fragments; fractional; 3

rainfall, dewfall
4 %L
fortune
%@Ipaltry, petty 941
5 zero; nothing; freezing 94
1333 point
47Y lightning; electricity T!

E p gs electricity 7271
5 ,
IW
1
zfi
@B
electric current 4%
electric light 4%-
violate break
jqj
1334
5 ,@ %
SF /:*
I? I-+ +q thunder 4
JEp
/;+ I>%
\
1 9
s H chime in with,
blindly echo another
4%
rain and thunder, '=i+
a thunderstorm
fi 5
1335 , ,
I:* )>*I*
s&f the crack of thunder 44
/- 4; /dr 3 praise,
hymn,commend;
ode +?
471
#JB "native songs", hymn $+7)
25 extant Korean folk @@ eulogize, praise for A
6 cq
1
1336
virtue
14 strokes
14 strokes
@ drink liquor
&!% side dishes,

dishes served with rice
8% drum and flute

3 drummer
plan; seek to, strive for

mg chart, graph, diagram
a design, a sketch
'ki'f@ portrait, likeness

an]@ bronzestatue @ unite, stand together
Ei& burial ground, graveyard 3x1
@$$ monk dance, a dance in

Buddhist attlre
an initial address: peaceful,

well, in good health
healthy and peaceful
hard; real, true, sincere

encourage, stimulate
%% plunder, loot, rob

ga seize, capture
acts or scenes
attitude; mien, behavior EYE

,f@Bsituation, state of affairs 41
E{ %R point out, indicate
#ftg condition, situation
k #iashamed, mortified
3FiJepleasant; joyful;
luxuriant, flourishing
balmy, sunny; contented 3ii&
,IA ,l.P 4s sorrowful, pitiful

tragedy, disaster %LA\
3
suffer defeat, be
'
miserably beaten
@@ miserable, wretched, %I
1364
piteous
$43 saddened, regretful; 7H

public-spirited;
noble-~ninded,generous
envision, visualize
&1E?e
deep emotion 7& 7tl
EL
1365
1 ' E@$lament, regret
indignation, resentment
7tl
$74
with an ink stone
- % lacquer 3
- %% lacquerware 3 71
.'& 4 4 . %
4 J
I
@& /
painter, Iacquerer
blackboard
a+
3 s+
* 11
1376
--A:A :&
/ /;I-
/a]
-.*.-& eqi?-)
Han Dynasty of China @
@ -- * -* -*j
J
,-
4
-*-
/
,
- e
J"
@% classical Chinese,
classical Korean
@% Chinesemedicine, herb 3kq % ambiguous, vague
* 11
1377
--g- ,
ye ; @
medicine
Chinerepoetry @ *I
vast, boundless
*I seed, sow, plant; kind, Q

sort
kind, variety %%
die in prison a human race; the human 9%
species
@f a seed; strain, breed 34
9$3 declare, designate, call; 8
price; weigh, estimate;
suitable; raise
$$$aendeavor, render services xJ
praise, speak highly of 2 . .;F
*
1392
, 4 , , @q
$17 $14 $&3.
title, name, designation
praise, compliment
3. p
4%
extreme, end; extremely; %?
beginning; upright,correct
director, superintendent; a+ the farthest limit. the ? ~ i
extremity, the extreme
correctly; neatly ee> 49
F)- A*
3 7s green, blue; jade 1
++% calculate, reckon; consider
FB
/fi $3
sultan's parasol (firmiana
platanifolia)
a blue stream
4 9-3
q4
@- $? 3 s.
6j-g
as; plan, scheme
calculate, compute
calculate; calculation for
48
a14
,,
1388 \!
5& j&
fi
@j& the blue sea, azure ocean q-jH
1394 - % 7%' -7-7)-
services (as in a restaurant)
arithmetic
4-f
calamity 4) rz )r)r ?c,h % tube, flute; govern Zi
;i $17
$fig vicissitudes, fortune and @+ k
A , Ik @+ under the jurisdictionof, d%\
X$fi
f i
misfortune
calamity, disaster
source of evil, root of
4 4-
3%
'7@a under the control of
adrninister,manage,
supervise
44
1389
misfortune 1395 , *B superintend, manage f i??
I
&a green of trees in early

summer
information, experiences, 3%
that seen and heard
a& rot, putrefication;

corruption (as political)
&-X;B textiles ; fiber, strands @ rust, corrode; erode
@,G vexed, worried; take pains, +~d
rack the brain
3'
+
4 4 4: ' f$E I\
cotton. the cotton plant 9
cotton 4 s\
,
,
4 , ##
,\I# I\\
cotton thread
detailed, minute;
44-
49
5%
1400
8 dl& .Lj& &,&
I>>\V
meticulous, careful
1% 13 9 9 7 , 3 important; urgent; prompt; 3

tight, taught, strained
X,% urgent, pressing; an 7J3
emergency
gE JJ $?f@ dance, dancing
*1401
8
$ r4
1-5
,$
@
tension, tenseness
close (as a relationship);
strict, stringent
7J
7J9 dance, dancing
&% clothes, clothing

$['j$ red-colored skirt
8% steam; vapor
stockpile, store up $gdP,a recognize; acknowledge 9x3

save (money)
-+ 1 +
2 71 % to record; annals, official
gazette
74
z@
B&\ +-+*
' +3
"
page of a magazine,
pages in a periodical
monthly magazine,
31
9 7~XI
9
3 7 24- 2%. a monthly

1418 V 1 diary, journal 94
2 4 entice, induce, mislead -8-
1 v'
%,% temptation, allurement +-%
and buckwheat flour - Q ^ Q v
induce, entice; allure,
seduce
+- OJ
tangerine,~na~ldarin s 7 33 B3 abduct, kidnap +ti4
R
1419
++
$+ $*
3 ! - form; face; manner, E

- %%
!
appearance
features, looks; shape, 3!-+
@j appearance
- , @ outward appearance;
exterior aspects
q3
1426 4 $1 / IL @@ facial features, looks %p
1 ++ visitor, guest !
I
a
49
$357 honored guest, important
visitor
3EZB
; guest. visitor 4 BJ
honored guest 74
'
1427 / / \
%?% recite from memory

&=& recitation
sonorous recitation
3% stroll, walk leisurely

j&-% far, distant, remote
% X send; chase away 4

>a 1- & dispatch, send 31 8
$ % RIB detachment. contingent $4 4
1430
3- 4 2 far, distant, remote; 3

far-reaching; keep
@@ hero, gallant man, away from
extraordinary man
splendid, elegant long distance. long range % 4 Z,
$- 10 'A -5 IZ;
A far-reaching 44
1431 3 s .@ g# deep sea, ocean % ",t
oxidize, oxygenate
shoot to death; execute +A&
BE international,
international relationship
2% associate with
$&lb bear in mind, inscribe on %
@% copper mine
i%% unmarried young woman if-+ k@$jj chief executive,

pdE boudoir; woman's living THJ- president (of a nation)
9 territory (of a nation)
$RJ/k 3 receipt, voucher
- uniformly, equally;
overeat wholly; all at one time
ceremony; usage; rule

MlhE touch-me-not, a balsam +RJS\
@$&ceremony, ritual, rite
phoenix (mythical bird) +§J Ef& courtesy, etiquette;
@% thrift, frugality
$k?% resonant, resonates; &I@ diligence and frugality,
echo, chime in with
$98 $& an alarm clock
"
1" #$kg&a hundred million
g.51 the nostrils F"

4-h
(3@- {+ &&j$s
the teeming millions, the
a very
masses,
rich the
man,people
a
hundred-millionaire
q~+J^j
q QJZJX]
1454
15 strokes
15 strokes
1- 1-
'AX @.1+ broad. spacious; generous;
magnanimous
$
*
! "
13,+-
@ %A magnanimous, broad-
minded
44
'g2-P@ generously pardon. 4%

-
1461 show leniency
I-- 1.9,.* 33 investigate, examine; 4
inquiry; judge
udge, screen "d 4
%$lJ judge; referee "2 s&
+- 12
1462 &
I
, I(?-
s'
,,* 41 3
'
interrogate, question
trace, write, sketch;

A" 5
4
dispel, drain
'I?? %a photograph AM
,%& carbon paper; copying
. 1+ manuscript. handwritten A)-!&
+ 12 I$ l
z J<&' work
1463 7 ,-;J ,<q f&%portray, describe, depict 9x1
4 level, story, layer; 9
degree; item, clause
!$fin
Wk
increase, augment
enlarge, increase
PR stairs, steps 481
&El upper floors 3+
%E increase production all layers, all stories i i
bb
walk, walk on; shoe;
IE
ztr
actions; conduct
6 execute, put into practice 01 88
BE personal history, 01 4
curriculum vitae
1465
7 t;! grave, mound; heap up; 5 money; silk; gifts; wealth 4

soil
&% paper money; a bank ~1341
%g grave, tomb 33 note
@& earth over a tomb ,$K coinage, coin 3341
if@ old tomb, ancient mound 33 rh 12 \$< %iJk E% money, currency 4341
1466 \ 1
7 $#
announce, advertise, I @ kind concern; help, aid

%@ grace of character,
the government, the

court (prior to 1910)
ancestral shrine of the
royal family of the
Qq bullet; bounce, spring; 3

j 7'' 7" pluck a stringed
"-7" 38'j gin

%?A
instrument
ammunition
bullet; shell; projectile
EJ yb -
1471
suppress, coerce 3"2 1477
fl @ ~ % ~ t s h a d o image;
w; 9
= 3- XI 4 wisdom; cleverness; wit 4
reflection @% wisdom, sagacity 21 a1
9
T3
J;! %% influence, effect 9a2 J 4 BE
%,@
acomet
wisdom
al
44
f&&to photograph 3"2 I
ag %.9
3
,L 3 3
a vision; a phantom
$5IT- 35 I-L' .
3 12 $1
I
1472 ;C7\ IY\) 1478 /&
$?@ consider, mull over compassion, mercy

g@ concern, apprehension
,E,@ think, consider
depressed, gloomy as royal refuge

slg, anxiety; distress sow, plant seeds
B@ anxiety, concern
enemy; to oppose
&% enemy forces
enemy positions
&& enemy soldiers
,I*" .li+ 143 hate, detest 8
,I.* .I& I['? "@

detest, abhor
contemptible. despicable
59
4-5
mathematics
%@ fortune, luck
,L,
483
12
'1.& 1 lo
I*&,.&
1 1 ;'
i have compassion for,
pity; sympathize
3
' @$
@ $
pathetic, pitiful
piteous, touching
7Fd
4d
1484
@@ short time, short while,

#4& shape, form; pattern,
@% dive; submerge
k@€ generally, in general .@G. potential; latent
@€@ outline, summary @ conceal oneself;
dormant, latent
county in South Chiilla

-.< %
: nq %%clean, pure d
J J
Mi% purity; innocence 4%
:'%? %B
&?EI
clean; a cleylup, a purge
pure, innocent
2
d
4 "4
3
"J% the tide 3

*
@,!SBiif
the tides, tide water
tidal current; current
f+
E+
$24 grain, cereals
%%J cereals, grains
,E,;isa drift of public opinion; & & granary; district rich
trend of thinking
i- 3'
04% ripe; cooked; prepared,
manufactured; experienced, %
accustomed to; intimate
skillful, dexterous ??i
$9% consider, deliberate +i~
'l
1505 - %%
sk~
t B * 1 I"
243 proficient, skillful ?3
3 $ $ 8 hot; heat; fever
~i 3
%?!l
fervent, fiery "? %
J \\\ -@L & %e enthusiasm,
1
earnestness
enthusiasm. zeal
O?~J
03"1
R f i riceplant fever
rice culture, farming rice E T
'7;1 a %, €1 royal domain; capita1 71 1

h
, 39 poor; exhausted 3
area 1
- %E?2 study the laws of nature; 3 ZI
$$ g B s Ky6nggi Province E
7d 71 ponder
$4. w %R. final, ultimate %?
3?;(;4 poor,destitute ;5"
4
1507 1513
fl $1 An ~3 MJ tray, plate, dish 9 4 D\L] bamboo joint; section, 3

chapter, verse; token;
time, season; festival;
moderation, restraint
$3r/n: 32 31
10 43s 43 BE lj)r Eh- k h B$(J
procedure
conserve, cut downon ~dot,
1508 32 1514 $ $7 $p &$I] moderation. restraint xi]
280
slow, tardy, leisurely,
easily, gradually;
delay; neglect; retard
mitigate, ease
slow and fast; tempo
dull, listless
-
, "1 3 parallels of latitude;

.* >.. transverse lines; woof of
a web; fringe, tassels
,>'
dj? ..' ,,- j
l* 4
1% $*g latitude
$$$$ longitude and latitude;
4%
,:-%
4* 43"
,t-G ,.:% $&&
warp and woof; details
a parallel of latitude
24%
'Jll@ train, drill; practice
Q . 4.31 C
'
weave; arrange; compile
edit; compile
3 # organize, form
@@
polishe, refine
practice, drill 4f' 4t -&g arrange music
1 1 1 \Ez stop, finish

go out of business; 3)
4
"d
go on strike
%% dismiss, discharge, fire ~ \ 4
@%$ conclude; close (as a 75~
3)
market, examination)
skin; flesh
40 4
J,
.*. affinity, connection; destiny;
cause, reason; hem, border
+j
Eli% affinity; origin; karma, fate J' 9
51+-
predestined tie; g-2
relationship; marriage
93.
relationship, tie-in
9% lotus; waterlily
8 4\' thread, line, wire,ribbon; +!
3.
$8 7
4.
*
kb 46
.-*
%&
@
clue; fuse; length
straight line
curved line +WJ
electric wire, telephone cord zJJJ
@* e - $$g%
$&@ lotus root
l~t~sblossom
lotus pond
n
,4.4
9
1520 a$
,*-7 \\'7 . ?$. 1526
/2
4t collide, rush against; 4
f- j& insult; thoroughfare
'4 fF E%
@g
collision; quarreling
incite, stir up
shock, trauma; strike
93
%+
54
"$@ propose marriage
against
2 +? who; anyone 4
\ 5
8% so and so, certain persons $-9
who; what person; +s}
a challenge (who is there?)
2
r
a lesson; a section, 4
7 a department, an office
217 -3%' 3-E) 8% taxes, duties 4 41
$- 8% subject, theme;aproblem, i+-*1]
.-
z 8
a question
1530 section chief dZk
9% chat, converse 9
8 have an interview with 4 kL
8 converse with, talk to kL%i certificate of merit
s+lJnegotiate, bargain kls& EB enjoy, appreciate
award, prize
:
1 v
3% harmonize; investigate Z
EX\ FfAa wise, sagacious
25 24 wise mother
33)
153.2
284
&% trample; tramp 8

$ ' ? $V s@ execute, put into practice 43d
!%& treat with contempt appear in succession

@A man of humble origins %g senior, one who preceded +!BY
3 shallow, superficial another (as in university)
f&?& junior, one who followed
another (as in university)
pn % 04 ~ f l
'5
1 + *
buy and sell; deal, trade
.. sell at auction
EX-
gJ& shop, retail outlet
;d 4
44
@
@@&m
brilliance,splendor
resplendent, brilliant W@$%
W 8
1541
' M \ % ~ nature,disposition;
"?.
substance, matter
W qq ria question, interrogate

cqualitative
xl 0
z
Xz
-1
I 2-1
-1
ha a hostage "J9
1542 -
D] pleasure, delight; taste; ?I
bias, tendency; meaning,
4
gist, substance; +I 4
$54: &7 % objective, purpose
a~qtaste, interest 4Z&
,l-0
stc tread, walk 54
FB$: survey, explore the "d-A\
prospects
$1 85% follow, follow in the steps of 3%
,@$ marking time in place c.d-2
Z 8 \771( fly]< vrk
1544 .$\q
1
16 Strokes
AJ dl scholar, Confucian scholar, -$

Confucianist; learned
f6 & Confucianism +a
f%iF@
Confucianism +%L
R+ Confucian scholar; %-
student of Confucianism
~43 sigh; titter

R~ vicinity, neighborhood E 3 9 burp, belch
-
I%& adjacent, contiguous
QI% good neighbors,
friendly relationship
Z L ~vessel, dish; implement; 71

organ
& % tableware "4 71
& i@ culture, refinement .... - .
utensil. implement; 71 'F
:1 3 4
bring up, foster, train
hair; the human head %

1 fixture
a large vesoel; a great talent 4 71
4 4
f2% haircut 01 % p $ $'
-
wall; cliff; partition
%ti8 wall closet, cupboard q+?
4 "2
f&g
hair
dishevelled hair "2 gC FP Bd
@@.
mural, fresco
wall paper
44
44
,==
I555 -7-9-
1 teeth; age; seniority 21
.,I wall, fence 4
& toothpaste 2)
- J
g wall, fence; barrier 4
-& 9 f 2& f~ 7%
caries. tooth decay %3]
tooth 21 "t
gz@ recall, remember

reminisce, recollect
*\+ war, battle; tremble
BE choose, select
student, pupil j*g select; selection of a
&#j learning, scholarship
3 I@ guide, lead
jt@ precede, guide #%G careful, cautious
gg instruction, direction
EfT operate, manage, handle ~4
'&,g constitution; @% be in charge of

constitutional law @R security, collateral
@+3 take charge of
16 strokes
16 strokes
fl&g morning star; a rarity

B&@ morning bells
the lunar calendar luster, shine

a favor, benevolence
jL$j@ coarse fermented rice

wine, makkiilli
radical
/ 4 I @ encourage, cheer on 44
&# severe, intense 4 Ad
7k 13
1584 :gO
, :$y :&
,A
'V -'I# 3% dense; deep; dark; thick, 4
j , '
strong
machine; airplane;
opportunity; secret @ thick, dense %+
. BE density; compactness %-z
-.,s:,g &s
d /
7k 13 :\@
dense fog %?
, 1585 "I? "),? JK
reserve fund,
q#$ combustible
load; carry
a cheap distilled liquor

@ja be destroyed by fire
24% E built-up ground,

an elevation
solo, recital
@R revival; resurgence
vegetables, greens
$i&concealment
&
cover, covering
study diligently
4 ~J-913
guard, protect;
military station,
military escort
4
%E +l 4
' lo
1601 @d @5 8
7
'
@$Fjy
*&
a satellite
sanitation, hygiene
a guard; a janitor
81"k!
+?I-
f 3 3 0] tt] 01 parents; intimate, close; 3
'I related
3
" '
317 Pfl %g
% !I@
kind,
friend
helpful
$5
4%
7
w. 9
1602 * $y 3%Ri%! parents 0,t 25
1608
2 <71 Pf all, every S qz], trust, rely on;

41
$
<+ 1
7 9 $3
%& archipelago
many countries.
various countries
45
41?'- @ '$fl $fl
$fl $8
repudiate; shameless
@(ii rely on. dependon;
entrust
1603
8& all, all kinds 331 "i
'
1609 $$ $$
H
,$fi %@L
trust, put faith in
hmdlum. rowdy
~2% to record, a record
vindicate, exculpate
g@ election, elect
+ member of an athletic
"1 GJ- thin silk brocade e

4 4 2
$85' 4'~ brocades andembroidery;

rich scenary
$I$&silkbrocade clothing
$#@jIILIland of embroidered
Sq
3D 0
sf
-1
1614
9
1621)
8 )+ ,b9d
$1
e 9 rivers and mountains;
beautiful Korea
a 7 bequeath, handdown; -fi j'h 3 6 $ 3 rugged, dangerous; %'
I
?Hi!.
jj-
1
12 \+
fl %
.+ .
5
B
forget, neglect; loose
relics, remains
heredity; inheritance
posthumous writings,
work left by a dead
author
+i?%%44 li.f- '
narrow pass
@,% rough, rugged; serious,
k?%
P&@
grave
slander, calumny
difficulty, danger
% 04
% %L
++
16 strokes
17 strokes
Fk%kdsilently, mutely; tacitly yq

%tE tacitly approve; tolerate, TJ'
% E the dragon king (god of -$-%

%'& dragon palace; palace of +-T
%m the royal countenance
17 Strokes I
B% repeated; incessant
e z
LLL remainder, balance,excess; 4
over, plus; the last
f&@ extra space, extra time, 4 -$-
extra capability
f&$i spare time, leisure 4 7t
6
1626
7
$2 , irrelevant thoughts,
wandering mind
oil+
f3 hungry, starved ol
a,@hungry ghost. starving OH
spirit; person of voracious
appetite
@ die of starvation OtAt
1627 4 1% 4 hunger, starvation 71°\

celebrate a rite;
carry out, observe
J behavior, conduct
@ .3.P raise one's hand
f& f f legendary founder and

first king of Korea
+@fiz era with years numbered 971
from the time Tangun
founded Korea in 2333 B.C.
humidity,dampness,
4 humidity level
1 5 :fi $4 overflow; excess %

' ' misuse, misappropriation 9%
~EE overflow, flooding; "A igL
presumption
* 14
1643
.'I$?
, 10,'\m
--#?
j a
jE32 overissue, excessive
distribution
k!t!!
/
-4 4 4% wash q
%@ defeat, smash
%@
repulse, repel
shoot down an aircraft
@ J
d
*/
-111
v
d
ip 5 wash, launder
&jgB a laundry
laundry, clothes to be
washed
41 "?-
41 Qc"-
4) 5%
17 strokes
17 strokes
@,e,rBybrief instant, in the
d\~x$+ straighten, bend straight, ii!

rectify; raise the head;
@jf remedy, set right

@$%fi
penitentiary
Zen, the way of Zen

candlestick, candle holder 4
% engage in business,
operate a business
capture, seize
overall; summarize
%E flourish; prosper RGS infirm, weak

Rg prosper, thrive &@ peppermint, mint
multiply, increase meager salary, low wages q$
$$ the left wing; left flank O@i recommend a person

;&g the right wing; right flank 804 #g recommend, sponsor
song; slng; rumor
%?% league, federation

allied, combined
%$@[ connected with, related to 93J
$@!g intelligent, wise; have

a retentive memory
$@!% intelligence, perspicacity 67
vocal music
fame, renown refuse, decline
sound of gunfire
- f* hidden. mysterious, secret: +?
iJ( RR
conceal; small; painful
dim, vague, faint QO
L L
renounce the world. o =
iT
retire from society
l g retire, withdraw from 45q
active life
y $
, 5: '1% though, although, however
J
- a?
I"'
'
la? 7
1%'
,
!k,%
-
rare; fish; Korea
Korea, Land of Morning
Calm. name of the Yi
Dynasty
fresh fish
35~3
$
I
1680 I reshness "JxJ
18 strokes
18 strokes
s
c' ;*/ \\*4 5 degree of nobility 4
@$ & 9 ' @a
,&
2
TB
prillce; duke
viscount
pcvr.igr. title and rank
of nobility
??*
4",F
+?I
&
5
fi14
1686 $7 &I
f 2% stone used as a base of s
a pillnr
&@ stone used a s a b a s e of 7%-
a pillar, foundation stone
;
j
, 6 cornerstone, foundation 2d
1
3% inspect, examine stone
&@$foundation 713
18 Strokes
@A enlarge, expand
@x expand, amplify % simple, short, easy
%E expand, extend
fE! convenient, easy
simplicity, simplify
9 oJ4 provisions, grain. food. 9

$1 rations
- (7
RI provisions, foodsupplies , °&4
$ 3 @& grains, cereals O& 7
sB military rations $3
1690
3
..4 ,.'4 ' 4
weave
,
return to one's country; ?I && spin and weave "&"?
d?' ..- .. PP 43
..- & @
weaving
woven goods, textiles 43
@f@revert to former condition qq
-
4 -$ office, post, position; govern, 4
manage, direct, oversee
!@rstaff, personnel q@
$ @I worker, factory worker 3%
,
'
!@% job, occupation, place of 4$
1692 q+ E i - '
work
A
2- 4 old, ancient, not new 7
@ 7.- li '
Rg friend, companion 47
-
B& old style, old methods 74 9% historical relics; place of
@ restore 4-7 historical interest
&@ historic remains, ruins
1693
12 Jk
13
?& qc-9i
ES store, storage
$&t collect books, build $.@& fall low, sink in the world JJS+
4$B transfer to another office 43
medicine; physician
9 91 -3 k x J b J 9 press down; guard; ward

insects; bugs; vermin
f $
&
off evil influences;
& tooth decay, caries 521 brigade; market town
d
V 9
'9
%'
*a harmful insects; vermin; 4%
blight suppress, repress, quell XJ4J
9 9 parasite, parasitic insect ~3% #B quiet. allay. pacify 4 36

9 1 2
1696 %@ %% & 71
1702
pb
3 J
J .
$&
x
alleviate pain 4.3-
2 +
1
4 7 careful, cautious;respectful 2 ~ 4 % lock, fetters, chains 9
;%@ prudence, discretion -t xi $~~ close a country to 4%
++-2% ;%B sober; stern 5% foreigners
G'- p%@ respectful congratulations -t~) ,
Pf& a chain; a series; 94
4?lo
1703
4 $3 $& .machain
connection
store 944 3!
subject, theme, title

i%fj@ problem, question; & clestrov, demolish
' xd 41 3 punishment, warning "d

/$1 )N/ jg-
discipline, reprimand 4 41
AS 4% be in prison, serve time 4
~9
,L.~m
discipline, punish 8 "?
,G I5
1712
jqt
I
j&
rb IC
1. ' ] +++clasp to the bosom 4
@& sum, amount
+ inside one's heart; in T
31
one's pocket
@@ par value, face value @@ doubt, be skeptical about 4
#!#,a total amount
'
.@B innermost thoughts 12€
3
1713
4
. '@$@ artillery shell, explosive +$
shell
@H$ bombing attack, to bomb %A
@&@ explode 4 "1
A
19 strokes
veterinarian
&@ harvest, reap
dramatical or musical
entertainment
1719 % 3
JP
< medicine, drugs "$
#& medicine, drugs "4%
@ @ pharmacy, drugstore %t M&
-& &
$$@$$ herbal remedies, *Jq
Chinese medicine
*$I5 jii
1720 331
19 strokes
'Lg riverside, river bank
EB glasses, spectacles
$63 dressing table
BXlj part, separate; bid
fE
1731
11
-li-
j$
*> 4%
$j61
$[t
..
4 -1Q trouble, difficulty
@% fault, weakness;
a
difficult point
a c e ;ad
difficult to deal with,
sensitive
o
Q%
*+
Q4
9
20 Strokes
1 1 34 fog, mist, vapor
. *%%sprayer, %?
8 :' '5 $ +g encourage; exhort;
persuade
3
, vaporizer, 71
7' %
2'
atomizer @g counsel, advice $3
4
$ 4 @% dense fog %+ Y" ??I+?
,,, g
1732 q ?+
%% d i ~ i p a t edisperse
. ?4
1737
@
solicit. induce
encourage; promote ??Ix?!
319
20 strokes
20 stroke
$ stern, strict, majestic, "d
69 dignified; private; P family register, census

severely, extremely
% solemn, grave
17
&igf majesty, stately $5
1738
severe winter 9%
&d 01
$9
soil, earth, clod; place, O&
region; rich soil
soil
x&zg extreme difference, do@]21
be poles apart
f 17
1739
3~)1treasure; valuable, 3L
B BF!
g.ti
precious
a treasure
a national treasure
jewel, precious gem
gt'fl
*JL
2L
* 17
1740
hang, suspend
Y?
f '/ \
/u\
%g offer a prize, offer a
reward
revive, resuscitate;
come back to life
E!$% pending bill; outstanding
,&\
question
JG 16
1741
sFg$ a prize, prize money
3)s brazier, stove, fireplace

sj touch; stimulate; offend; 4
butt, gore
A,@ brazier + &B senseof touch 54-
jiLB a stove; a fireplace JA $4' flq &% touch, feel, perceive 7,~+
16
1742
vented cooking brazier
" 13
1748 $gj$q 8%
through the senses
5
-t $81 3%perceive; aware, conscious
71 4
5% humbly give; present, fd
offer @B protocol, note 4-4
&& offering, contribution g-2- , , ready ; resolved; perceive; 4q
%w% devotion, self-sacrifice 34. understand
@@ donate, contribute ?!kl $& $3 illusion, hallucination %L 7,L
A 16
1743
T7; 13 ly
320
20 strokes I 21 strokes
struggle, fight
a fighter, u champion
EJE>fighting spirit, militant
33 a translation
sg glory, honor; fame;

dignity, prestige
%% honor; distinction
++ release, unloose; explain;

Sakyamuni, the historic
Buddha
explicate, explain 84 4
@tip release from confinement, 4 'k
set free
annotate, comment on
7 A$
Z0k "';c"ck %
'
alarm bell; a warning 4%
&m bell house; belfry a 7L
0 1
%g evening bells; vesper D,F%
bells empty space, margin
1755 (Also written @ .)
smnslled; ragged
@ occur in succession,
follow one after another an iron or steel plate
@ appear in succession
E% exhibition, showing
mg read, peruse
around to look
@E view. inspect @Buy adviser, advise
client, customer
@4p egg (of a chicken)

@ poultry farming
R crowing of a rooster
a crane (bird)
341 authority, power
power, influence
$3 ir~fluence,effect
@ delight, gladness g@.entertain, treat to
@ cheer, shout of joy %@ sounding board
a\+] cliff, rock; grotto
@@ cave; grotto
@h lover, sweetheart
24 Strokes
yell silkworms "d.

s$f$silk thread ;(,LA\
a& *& sf$encroach, +4
'- +! 9'
make inroads
into, eat into
02%.
$5 sericulture
1793
329
26 strokes
25 strokes
scc, behold; aspect, view 3
@,&idea, conception; sense 44
11 @i ptourism,
i n t of view
sightseeing 3J
3!%&
1799
26 Strokes
AE hall, main room

APPENDICES
KOREAN SURNAMES
The surnames are listed in order of frequency of usage. The chart

reads from left to right.
APPENDICES
M'F'ENDICES
EASILY CONFUSED CHARACTERS
COMMONLY ABBREVIATED CHARACTERS
APPENDICES
APPENDICES
CHARACTERS WITH MULTIPLE READINGS THE 900 MIDDLE SCHOOL CHARACTERS
IN TEXTBOOK ORDER
The list reads down from the left.
APPENDICES
34 1
APPENDICES APPENDICES
INDEX
INDEX
HOW TO USE A CHARACTER DICTIONARY
Access to the characters in a hanja dictionary is possible

through a phonetic index, a stroke-count index or a radical
index. Each of these is explained below. Beginning students
may find the use of a radical arrangement difficult until they
have mastered basic characters.
Phonetic Index. Characters are listed in this type of index
in hang51 alphabetical order. This order appears as the first
column of the Syllable Practice Chart at the inside back cover. A
phonetic index is simple to use but suffers from limited utility
because a character can be located only if its reading is al-
ready known.
Stroke-count Index. Characters are listed in this type of
index according to the number of separate strokes used to
write them. There is no need for such an index in this book
because the 1,800 Basic Hanja in the main section are already
arranged in stroke-count order. To find a character in a stroke-
count arrangement, simply count its strokes, turn to the sec-
tion in which hanja of that stroke count are grouped and locate
the target graph. Characters are listed in radical order within
each section. It is not uncommon to miscount strokes, so if a
character is not in one stroke-count section, peruse the two
adjacent sections.
Radical Index. Character dictionaries are divided into 214
sections. Each section is headed by a radical, or "section
head," which appears as a common element in every char-
acter within its section. The order of the 214 radicals is firmly
fixed according to ascending stroke count.
To find a character in a radical arrangement, it is first
necessary to estimate which part of the target character serves
as its radical. Familiarity with the radicals will facilitate this
task, and it is generally the case that the left-hand or topmost
component of a character serves as its radical. After settling
on the radical, count its strokes and pick it out of the index
from among other radicals with the same stroke count. The
index will indicate the page of the dictionary proper where
347
RADICAL INDEX
INDEX
RADICAL INDEX
the desired radical section begins. Next, determine the stroke
count of the non-radiqal portion of the target graph. Charac- Radicals are listed in this index only under their o r i g i d forms. Refer
to the chart on the preceding page to determine the original form of an
ters are listed in each radical section according to the stroke abbreviated radical.
count of their non-radical portions, so it is a simple matter to
locate a target graph among characters within a section which
share a like stroke count.
Let's assume we want to find the character, g , in a diction-
ary. By inspection, we take a as the radical because it is the
left-hand element. We see that our radical is composed of four
strokes, so we locate it among other four-stroke radicals in the
index and turn from there to the page in the dictionary proper
where the radical section begins. The non-radical portion
of W is 1 and also has four strokes. It is not difficult to locate
W among the characters listed in the El radical section which
have four strokes in their non-radical portions.
Commonly-A bbreviated Radicals
Abbreviated radicals appear below in stroke-count order.
The original form of a radical is listed to the right of each ab-
breviation and is followed by its stroke count (where different)
to facilitate use of the following radical index.
1
1 stroke
Z
t F ( 4 ) " A - R (6)
(1) $(4) $ q ? & (6)
2 strokes 8 3 (4) 3 3 ( 5 ) 6 strokes
1
11
C
A
a
P
P ( r i g h t ) 8 ( 7 ) t;
P (left) @ (8)
-PI-
lfllr (6)
-
*
15(5)
w (6)
8 (6) 9
+
7 strokes
2
3 strokes 4 strokes H (6) -& 2
j (8)
-#c.
n % Jh! \ lL\ b* (6) 9 strokes
J II (({ 2 2 L k(7) B f2
zx 3 % % 5 strokes
t J L (4)
~ a,., ~k PI1
I3
RADICAL INDEX RADICAL INIWX
-
RADICAL INDEX RADICAL INDEX
.
HAIR('AL I N D E X RADICAL INl)tX
vd ( 8 ) 1597 E 1013 % 1000 @ 1006 1303 ,% 1421 1669 Wlji 1029 @ 1031 %% 559 @ 1432 1044 # 1332
278 1693 % 1163 g 1153 @ 1158 $
! 1304 8 1424 3 1697 3 1026 @ 1318 % 700 1673 1197 % 1704
d 546 1 1164 ?$ 1151 ' $ 1160 1414 3 1423 3 1723 W 1187 iffi 1319 %! 699 @ 1551 1199 1705
8 843 282 % 1298 % 1152 @ 1161 @ 1416 ig 1417 P 1750 R 1186 1547 870 &li] 1200 1 1730
8$ 842 & 1 23 1408 % 1150 % 1162 Ij& 1779 $ 1420 3 1751 $f 1185 /g 1548 868 1754 a 1729 ~
n 1009 ~sl: g 1412 8 1395 g 1159 f i s 1535 % 1761 1314 % 1546 $& 1032 % 1198 fi 565
88 loll 1407 8 1410 @ 1394 &t 1157 $7 286 $ 1531 @ 1753 % 1312 6 1610 % 1036 402 1438 2 1209
W 381 Pf 6% 1409 % 1515 ## 1283 a 1169 8 1530 8 1800 ff 1313 @ 1670 % 1033 $% 702 1437 % 1051
382 fi 283 % 1411 1514 @ 1282 @j
1528 1529 & a 1427 @ 1700 $ 1322 @ 1043 @ (f) '% 1334
BE 547 @ 1012 1598 1 1516 W 1398 & 1601 1534 387 @1536* 1192 f 1195 403 % 1677
fi 684 @ 849 1526 1593 % 1401 1018 a 1532 B 1539 395 % 1327 @ 703 1769
548 6 848 f% 1599 % 1594 & 1397 " 3 1603 388 R 1540 #$ 1611 1328 8 Strokes
i$l I% 877 z 1335
681, 1 1665 % 1689 # 1400 288 a 1668 $ 1698 R 1725 1767 % 1325 R 880 % 1333
3 549 @
. 383 & 1664 i@1717 % 1399 692 1667 f 859 1609 # 1726 & 1429 1$ 11047 %I441
a 682 & % 1694 % 1744 @ 1517 3 1721 P @ 1724 @ & 1430 $ 560 @ 1045 % 1732
$f 683 & 284 1695 % % 1518 7Strokes a 1722 % 1180 & 396 %? 1612 & 876 !% 1202 $ 1795
lf8 685 PI(*) &% 1747 )(t 271 #$ 1522 3 1752 % 1024 390 .@ 1320 % 1550 @ 1434 564
% 844 552 1763 f% 831 $@ 1523 W, 1 @ 5$1 1619 3
1780 1425 & 864 1614 563 566
845 X 689 P % 781 mi596 384 qf1786 % 1608 k 396 AL) j&P 1672 @ 1755 @ 879 3 1623
11405
1010 g 686 & 555 @ 1154 % 1658 @ 1174 1794 I 862 ~ 558 g1671 @I768 878#
?691
fi @
. 1016 1396 @ 1656 @ 1602 3 693 @ 1426 a 697 a 557 3 1727 1331 @ 1049 % 567
@ 1291 2 690 ik 1167 1595 #? 1654 @, 1799 sf 856 !3 a 1189 % 867 a 0) @, 1196 1048
1292 $ 851 %! 1301 @ 1690 @, 1657 & 1019 8 1020 W 389 i& 1190 865 397 %1436
i R lo50 9 Strokes
,$% 1294 1015 If! % $6 1655 @ 1749 8 1177 fi 695 1543 866 % 871 $& 1435 k?i 1046
@ 1293 $ 1166 1696 % 380 & 1691 a 1764 zd 1178 kt 861 E @) ?$ 869 a 872 1433 1203 fi
1 1525 1165 1017 676 f/f% 1746 fi 8 1175 R 1030 a 392 B 1034 1330 a 1552 s 1201 im 704
1 1778 % 1300 @
! 1302 fi 675 1762 @ 385 3 1176 R 1027 1317 & 1039 81 1042 $# 1703 % 1204 $
r.2 1296 @ 1413 @ 674 $% 1520 1305 % 1179 8 1025 1191 % 1037 % 1194 $8 1620 1439 & 705
$ 279 # 1299 @% 1527 @ 835 #& 1519 & 1748 8 1309 @ 1181 @ 1316 % 1035 #8 399 $% 1618 @ 1440 %
a 550 /& 1297 1600 @ 832 @ 1521
-
1308 R 1183 @ 1315 % 1038 % 400 @ 1616 1553 $@ 1678
% 1663 @ 1719 fg 1793 h$ 837 & (f) a
/
386 3 1311 R 1184 1545 % 1193 % 398 1617 @ 1622 R

El 1720 $ 1798 % 836 & 287 zt 694 3 1422 % 1182 1544 1329 $$ 701 # 1674 % 1621 @ 1052
8 280 % 553+ % 838 3 556 $2 858 1418 Bll88 a1699 a1321 $$lo41 @I702 El675 llE1212
@ 846 554 285 #& 833 1415 311 857 1419 H 1541 %I324 B I O ~ OB 1 7 2 8 e % 1210
3 688 i% 1168 #f 834 $! 854 8 1023 1533 f8 1542 & 393 8 1323 # 1787 1207 % 1443
' F 281 3 687 fi %? 1004 % 855 % 1022 3 1607 %f 1538 1326 401 1781 & 1205 % 1624
@
& 847 852 2 270 @ 1003 1171 a 1021 1606 f 1537 $ 394 % 1431 @ 875 E(e) & 1208 a 1707
1406 850 % 830 $# 1156 % 1170 3 1307 3 1604 R 696 698 .% 1549 % 1701 561 & 1676 %i 1706
€3 j% 853 1002 @ 1007 % 1173 &: 1310 3 1605 860 @ 1428 1613 Bi! 873 BfJ 1731 @ 1734
% 1295 1014 2fi 1001 8 1005 #f? 1172 3 1306 % W 1028 8 3 1615 874 BS % 1206 % 1053
1666
- 863 562
HAI)I(:AL INDEX PH0NE'I"ICINDEX PHONETIC INDEX
g 1211 g
&
1554
1626
10 Strokes WI
11757
@
@
1774
1783
%.
%
1214
1628
15 Strokes HangGI alphabetical order: '-.
E, X , c.
1. ii 2 , D . '. ". 0(0\.01.P.4.".01).x ,
X s3,
1336
@
. 1442 1054 ,% a! k6 g 1682 f
1625 & 1445 ,% 881 1$ 884 IB[ 1796 ff 1758 d$r 1556
'@1708 $@I444 i(lp1790 @1446@
1735 @ 1627 @ 1709 E 1057 13 Strokes 16 Strokes
@ 1770 $fj 1679 @ 1756 11 Strokes $ 1736
ggi I788 $ 1772 4? &!$ da
;;;;I 1
At 706 R 1791 & $ 1058 339 1629
3 %
:
% 708 1733 1789 1055
Z 1680 R 1059 14Strokes 17Strokes
g 711
:
a8 I448 R
Stroke/: I449 a @ 1710
%6i 1338 W 1447 1213 1450

f!h 1337 5 5 1681
PHONETIC INDEX
PHONETIC INDEX
[g1 [$I [ ~ l [+?I 33 %I104 1/W1760

%? 432 73 flti 843 ft: 122 I31 1761
& 1775 & 1160 [q] ( ~ 1 1 &$ 610 % 673 [e]
#J 1737 $3 617 400 0 528 F.f 1358 [%) 1764
8 426 @. 835 % 445 8 923 8 649 6: I095
8 770 (3) [ql ic1 @ 1406 223 1643
[$ 1 549 1604 RIISS $1149 [g]

Ml069 1711 I*) (41 1203 % 127 803
(41 2 41 1$ 1253 5 232 [q] R 510 1$ 871

1183 858 @ 1731 3 852 $ 240 @J 893 Wt] 961
1685 @ 862 ($1 I+] 1436 I233
@
$1710
884
140
%
420
1114
906
796
[*I
$
#j
584
375
832
{g
@ 1074
50
294
1143
*(5)
I
n
#
1473
12
423
I [;I
@
?#
790
726
92
(*I]
[%'I
a
412
305
I+)
w 141 4% 356 ($1 1393 a~ 608 a 388
1019 1088 & 738 166 % 1329 @ 1624 990
a 1437 957 [bj] 644 & 749 a 1780 fi 946
($1 676 fi 60 @ 1640 @ 759 (31 HI

322 2, 342 fi 5 1562 8 1194 & 1196 & 383
1164 & I368 445 1684 1345 [%] 419
$ 1710 # 1119 679 1346 717 # 929 1195
[?I 3 444 (41 [Q] % 623 (51 1 727

&I259 %I709 34 gL326 # 789 %I151 $!$ 963
302 859 [g] [?tl & 1316 % 1138 1690
@I 1455 3 915 $- 247 3 1531 @ 868 1588 @ 1533
It] % 1116 $6 974 @ 1123 I+1
558 fi 670 480 1502 a 1048 (21 1 776
. #1225' & 203 [d] @ 1572 & 1032 $ 1736
# 786 @I507 f 1356 [*] # 1512 [~i] 1479
93 # 1054 [k) 8 1153 3 1565 @ 1718 AfJ 1632
@ 1220 & 1579 661 3 658 1$ 1140 [q] 1
31697 %I559 @ 152 @I544 $&I297 )J 13
;$)
[+?I [a 1 I %311[%+) 31780 %I497 El581
$ 560 1401 [%) 907 1590 648 IEf 1576
& & @ 1161 ( 8 )
.3 ($1
I
56 1320 1272 518
% 1279 & 222 @ 1585 1$ 733 f: 1276 ($1 @ 1037
@ 1620 [$I 1 I595 1593 g l 313 @ I517
&I280 560 )& 1291 %I758 [%I 81 1215 @ 1674
1133 % 1096 (4) E I024 W[j 1763 # 1484
PHONETIC INDEX
PIIONETIC INDEX
PHONETIC INDEX PHONETIC INDEX
(41 j@ 1644 353 1466 736 @ 783 # 340

?% 521 % 1132 @
. 1033 [PI g 1188 [dl 9 289
& 847 608 a 1757 & 157 fl 299 fi 286 @ 1600
& 1556 % 493 ['I & 487 519 $ 469 [q)
4 7z2 I91 ?$ 810 a 132 % 1014 (9) ;$I 1095
1284 3 654 1 685 [@I 227 1478
1 763 & 1499 ( i t ] & 1444 %I564 711 63
# 1281 $@ 1471 799 1774 1330 [*]
[# ) MI [xi1 # 771 (91 @ 1782 F 88
580 1011 @ 822 1490 I199 9 408 117
[d 1 $$ 1352 8 527 ($1 % 1083 (41 438
% 1602 [Ed-) % 653, @ 1714 fi 619 @ 1167 6 237
I8 3 % 344 # 1487 @, 1087 703 3 1023 @- 555 T
k 4 & 1026 @ lSLi 9

1 % 1678 [g] % 1301
?% 1376 (91 Iirr & 556 g1377 $f 863 a 112s
[4?1 %
. 1229 (9) 3 993 b 360 % 1566 53
& 876 [g1 y'] 307 @ 1495 fi 263 1743 @ 682
M 569 i%1126 & 508 1375 (@I [g I 802
805 [EH] f16i 1029 [%I I063 1621 970
# 1353 k 79 %
! 533 % 590 [%) 1789 @ 1425
fi 370 & 797 I%![ (51 & s89 c-41 1765
~ 514 5 ) 11 707 8 404 $ 705 [q]
[%!1 % 643 (41 1257 @ 1046 [g] % 483
@ 1392 % 3 389 3 1698 (%] i% 986 1093
14 1 % 953 (41 8 221 1538 [g]
if 1 % 240 ($1 f6 188 (91 3 176 @ 908
A 1582 106 @ 476 @ 618 % 474 976
(4 1 # 1570 , 571 @ 816 @ 604 $2 1006 @ 504
# 346 IS1 1516 # 855 % 1122 $$ 1596 ?@ 1446
k 30 @ 1523 1672 @ 1211 % 1741 (%I
[El kt 226 @ 1327 ($1 fi 355 % 1788 479
3& 417 ($1 & 162 848 (31 1%1
[el 1 8 856 158 69 [dl 1 285 674
ftb 118 (51 3 1177 3 1150 743 h 195 650
$1 164 % 1034 [q] 989 & 800 [q] a 160
327 @. 1157 1044 198 431 $$ 1681
Ilf! 1459 1137 a 668 [ ( t ] 1305 @ 844 [P\]
[q1 I9 1 @ 1469 ?% 737 %
[I! 104
1583 866 9 1470 (41 a I308 % I25 68
251 (5) %I599 7; 20 (41 81 2215 552
SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Chang, Sam-sik, ed. Comprehensive Chinese-Korean Dic-
tionary (tae han han sachh). Seoul: Sbngmun Company,
1965.
DeFrancis, John. Beginning Chinese Reader, Part I. New
Haven: Yale University Press, 1965.
High School Classical Korean Education Research Society, ed.
High School Classical Korean for Liberal Arts High Schools
(inmunkye kotiing hakkyo: kotting hanmun). Seoul: Kong-
sin Publishing Company, 1973.
K w h , Chung-ku. General Principles of Classical Korean
(hanmun taekang). Seoul: Inu Printing Company, 1971.
Martin, Samuel E., ed. New Korean-English Dictionary.
Seoul: Minjungseogwan, 1977.
Middle School Classical Korean Research Society, ed. Middle
School Classical Korean (chunghak hanmun). Seoul: Min-
jungseogwan, 1972.
Min, Chae-sik, ed. The New World Comprehensive Korean-
English Dictionary (nyu wiild hanyang taesachiin). Seoul:
The Si-sa-yong-o Publishers, 1979.
Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea. Middle School
Classical Korean, Volumes I, I1 and I11 (chunghak hanmun).
Seoul: National Textbook Company, 1979.
Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea. Study of Word
Frequency in the Korean Language (urimal malsu sayong'-
tii chatki chosa). Seoul: T'aesiing Printing Company, 1956.
Nam, Kwang-u. A Study of the Basic Characters for Educa-
tional Use Selected by the Ministry of Education (munkyo-
i pu siSnch6ng kyoyukyong kich'o hanja yiinku). Seoul:
Republic of Korea Textbook Company, 1972.
I
Song, Chong-man. A New Explication of Sino-Korean Char-
acters (sinhae hanja) . Seoul:Namhyang Munhwa Company,
I 1970.
I Yi, Ka-w6n. New Lectures on Classical Korean (hanrnun
sinkang). Seoul: Sinku Munhwa Company, 1973.
Pictorial Sino-Korean Characters
by Chang-ui Kim
This book contains various aids for students of written Korean,
particularly the Sino-Korean characters known as hancha or
English-Korean Practical Conversation Dictionary

Edited by Gene S. Rhie & B. J. Jones
This dictioqary is specially designed for an essential guidebook
of Korean conversation.
Standard English-Korean Dictionary for Foreigners
Edited by B.J. Jones
This new English-Korean dictionary, based on lexicographic
standards, is the only dictionary specially designed for for-
Standard Korean-English Dictionary for Foreigners

Edited by Gene S. Rhie
This dictionary, as a companion to the Standard Englkh-Korean
Dictionary .for Foreigners, was designed as a convenient refer-
ence tool for those who want to find necessary words easily and
Korean Phrase Book for Travelers

This phrase book of pocket size, as quick and easy reference,
will help you communicate in everyday Korean life. Useful notes
and interesting guiding tips help you cope with real life situations.
Easy Way to Korean Conversation
by Pong Kook Lee & Chi Sik Ryu
This book will help you to converse more easily and catch some
of the excitement of talking to Koreans.
Let's Talk in Korean
by Pong Kook Lee & Chi Sik Ryu
This is a pocket-book version of earlier work, Easy Way to
Korean Conversation, but amply revised and supplemented to
better meet the actual needs of talking to Koreans in various
Let's Learn Korean with cassette tape

This book does the best job of Romanization, and includes
interesting introductory and background material, an explana-
tion of the Korean alphabet, and a wide selection of helpful
(continuedfrom frontpap)
"KOREAN CHARAmRS"
1 Guide to AS A MINI- DICTIONARY
KOREAN CHARACTERS
-- -
The 1,800maincharacters arranged in stroke-
by Bruce K. Grant count order.
Phonetic index included.
b m to Rtnd a Little Korean- Or a Lot! Radical index included.
FOR THE FIRST TIME IN ENGLISH, a
pactical handbook with ALL YOU NEED USEFUL APPENDICES
TO KNOW TO READ AND WRITE the dy- Korean Surnames.
namic language of the 50,000,000 Korean Easily Confused Characters.
people. Commonly Abbreviated Characters.
~fyou have a passing interest in the unique Characters with Multiple Readings.
culture of the "New Miracle of Asia, " you can .The 900 Middle School Characters in Text-
now learn the world's most scientific alphabet, book Order.
hangid, in minutes-not hours! How to Use a Character Dictionary.
If you choose to visit the entrancing world of Chart of Abbreviated Radicals.
Chinese characters, hanja as they are called
in Korea, you can embark on a brief excursion
into the calligraphy of the ancients.
Or, you can plunge into the 1,800 Chinese
characters taught to Korean school children.
And do it for the first time in English!
SPECIAL FEATURES
OF "KOREAN CHARACTERS"
HANG^ (alphabet) FEATURES
A no-nonsense approach to hangtit that cuts
learning time from hours to minutes. Only
half a page of explanation.
Special "HangZil-in-a-hurry" charts exploit
the similarities between the 16 basic letters
and their derivatives.
Writing models inside the back cover show
exactly how to write each hangfil letter and
every type of syllable.
The editor, Bruce K .
HANJA (characters) FEATURES Grant, took a B.A. from
All 1,800 Chinese characters taught in Ko- Seoul's Dankook Univer-
rean schools. sity in Korean Language
Thorough English definition for each char- and Literature and a
acter. Master's degree from
An illustrated history of Chinese characters. U.S.C. in teaching Chi-
Practical hints on learning characters. nese characters. He has
Each character accompanied by vocabulary resided in Korea for near-
words in which it appears as a constituent Ip 15 years and presently
character. serves in Seoul as an of-
Each vocabulary word selected on the basis ficial of the U.S. Govern-
ment.
of frequency of usage in the language.
ISBN: 0-930878- 13-2

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A

HANG&-IN-A-HURRY CHART I HANG&-IN-A-HURRY CHART 11

t I Stressed Consonants I As~iratedConsonants 1 "I" Diphthongs "Y" Diphthongs Other Diphthongs

I Basic Consanants a (two basic consonants

(hut) (se_t) (w_et)

(heme) (w_et) (w_on)

Copyright @ 1982, 1979

This book was designed as a guide for those who wish to

Seoul. Korea Bruce K. Grant

THE 1,800 BASIC CHARACTERS 25

The Korean alphabet is so simple that its sixteen totally

HISTORY OF CHINESE CHARACI'ERS

1n.ancientChina, pieces of bone and shell were incised with

two or more existing characters whose combined meanings

WRITING CHARACI'ERS The Rules of Stroke Order

4. Sometimes the reverse is true.

5. A center stroke is written first, then the left and final-

k His Royal Majesty 74 till now, up to the present P5

n&3 die, perish; be lost; absent rb-

T #9i a thousand years

3,e, one's own child;

kti4 land, real estate

p TI] evening edition +& hg fields and mountains

3 #+ red, cinnabar; pill g

et cetera; thus and thus,

I48 a year of famine

ER a very short distance

droop; demand, ask

direction; square; region;

7)s speak; say, it is said

- 3 a dry measure (18 liters, .4-

.Ic !3 father and mother,

sliced boiled meat

%@% woolen fabrics, woolen 9 39

T be firm, decisive, resolute 4

E$ the world, the earth #$IT office boy; errand girl;

SS transfer, hand over;

4 publish; engrave, cut

5 % brothers, sisters, brethren g 41

+$E the winter solstice

%W exclaim, cry out

jff come and go; lending and 44

A 9 now, the present

qg flattery, honeyed words ~4

Z!i! New Year's Day

ak mother and daughter

JJL+ final year of term of

ilc ,$!& the freezing point X#$ disintegrate, fall to pieces; qq

transgress, violate; d I )- )j be born; produce; life; d

Ffia skin, the skin

purpose, object, goal

marshal; display, set forth

0A Caucasian, white man

# incident, affair, matter

2& exchange, interchange

O? E a trillion; omen, sign E

ft & crisis, emergency,

& & each, every; all;

so\& return; Mohammedan; 4

EZE the present, now;at present; gxq

& $$?jplace of a ceremony

- .] -). 3% region, state, province f ) 4% harvest; collect; receive what

,, 1% $& "" wrong; tune