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S4 Question Bank
4A Chapter 2 Equations of Straight Lines
Level 1
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10102302]
In each of the following, find the equation of the straight line L.
(a) (b)
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) L passes through the points (0 , 6) and (–9 , 0).
The equation of L is
y6 06
= 1M
x0 90
y6 2
=
x 3
3y – 18 = 2x
2x – 3y + 18 = 0 1A
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) L passes through the points (2 , 0) and (5 , 7).
The equation of L is
y0 70
= 1M
x2 52
y 7
=
x2 3
3y = 7x – 14
7x – 3y – 14 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10102745]
In each of the following, find the equation of the straight line L.
(a) (b)
(4 marks)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.2
Solution:
(a) L passes through the points (2 , 4) and (–3 , –4).
The equation of L is
y4 44
= 1M
x2 3 2
y4 8
=
x2 5
5y – 20 = 8x – 16
8x – 5y + 4 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10102780]
In each of the following, find the equation of the straight line which passes through the points P
and Q.
(a) P(0 , 0), Q(–9 , –6)
2
(b) P , 0 , Q(8 , –1)
5
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of the straight line is
y0 60
= 1M
x0 90
y 2
=
x 3
3y = 2x
2x – 3y = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10102803]
In each of the following, find the equation of the straight line which passes through the points P
and Q.
(a) P(1 , 7), Q(0 , –3)
(b) P(–4 , 4), Q(6 , 2)
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of the straight line is
y (3) 7 (3)
= 1M
x0 1 0
y3
= 10
x
y + 3 = 10x
10x – y – 3 = 0 1A
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) L with slope 3 passes through (5 , 2).
The equation of L is
y – 2 = 3(x – 5) 1M
y – 2 = 3x – 15
3x – y – 13 = 0 1A
1
(b) L with slope passes through (–6 , –6).
2
The equation of L is
1
y – (–6) = [x – (–6)] 1M
2
1
y + 6 = (x + 6)
2
2y + 12 = –x – 6
x + 2y + 18 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10103152]
In each of the following, find the equation of the straight line passing through the point P and with
slope m.
(a) P(5 , 6), m = –4
1
(b) P(0 , –3), m =
3
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of the straight line is
y – 6 = –4(x – 5) 1M
y – 6 = –4x + 20
4x + y – 26 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10103233]
Find the equation of the straight line satisfying each of the following conditions.
2
(a) x-intercept = –2, slope =
3
(b) y-intercept = 5, slope = –2
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of the straight line is
2
y – 0 = [x – (–2)] 1M
3
2
y = (x + 2)
3
3y = 2x + 4
2x – 3y + 4 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10103244]
Find the equation of the straight line satisfying each of the following conditions.
4
(a) Passing through the origin and with slope
3
(b) x-intercept = –6, inclination = 45
(5 marks)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.6
Solution:
(a) The equation of the straight line is
4
y – 0 = (x – 0) 1M
3
4
y= x
3
3y = 4x
4x – 3y = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=6>
[10103281]
In each of the following, find the equation of the straight line L.
(Leave the radical sign ‘ ’ in the answers.)
(a) (b)
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a) Slope of L = tan 30
1
= 1A
3
The equation of L is
1
y–0= (x – 7) 1M
3
3y = x – 7
x 3y 7 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=6>
[10103481]
In each of the following, find the equation of the straight line L.
(Leave the radical sign ‘ ’ in the answers if necessary.)
(a) (b)
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a) Slope of L = tan (180 – 135)
= tan 45
=1 1A
The equation of L is
y – 6 = 1(x – 1) 1M
y–6=x–1
x–y+5=0 1A
(4 marks)
Solution:
1
(a) Slope of L1 = slope of L2 =
4
The equation of L1 is
1
y – 4 = (x – 0) 1M
4
1
y–4= x
4
4y – 16 = x
x – 4y + 16 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10103536]
The straight line L1 passes through the points (3 , 5) and (–2 , –1).
(a) Find the slope of L1.
(b) The straight line L2 is parallel to L1 and passes through the point (4 , 3). Find the equation of
L2.
(4 marks)
Solution:
1 5
(a) Slope of L1 = 1M
23
6
= 1A
5
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ L1 L2
∴ Slope of L1 slope of L2 = –1
Slope of L1 (–4) = –1
1
Slope of L1 = 1A
4
The equation of L1 is
1
y – 0 = (x – 0) 1M
4
4y = x
x – 4y = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=7>
[10103862]
Find the equation of the straight line L which passes through A(–3 , 6) and is
(a) parallel to L1: 3x – y + 10 = 0,
(b) perpendicular to L2: 2x + 7y – 15 = 0.
(7 marks)
2
(b) Slope of L2 = 1A
7
∵ L L2
∴ Slope of L slope of L2 = –1
2
Slope of L = –1
7
7
Slope of L = 1A
2
The equation of L is
7
y – 6 = [x – (–3)] 1M
2
2y – 12 = 7x + 21
7x – 2y + 33 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=3>
[10103863]
1
It is given that the straight lines L1 and L2 are perpendicular to each other. The slope of L2 is . If
5
the x-intercept of L1 is 8, find the equation of L1.
(3 marks)
Solution:
∵ L1 L2
∴ Slope of L1 slope of L2 = –1
1
Slope of L1 = –1
5
Slope of L1 = –5 1A
The equation of L1 is
y – 0 = –5(x – 8) 1M
y = –5x + 40
5x + y – 40 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10104092]
The straight line L1 passes through the origin and (8 , 2). The equation of the straight line L2 is
5x + 2y – 14 = 0.
(a) Find the equation of L1.
(b) Is L1 parallel to L2? Explain your answer.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L1 is
y0 20
= 1M
x0 80
y 1
=
x 4
4y = x
x – 4y = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10104178]
4
The straight line L1 with slope passes through (0 , –5). The equation of the straight line L2 is
7
7x – 4y – 18 = 0.
(a) Find the equation of L1.
(b) Is L1 perpendicular to L2? Explain your answer.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L1 is
4
y= x–5 1M
7
7y = 4x – 35
4x – 7y – 35 = 0 1A
7 7
(b) Slope of L2 = = 1A
4 4
4 7
Slope of L1 slope of L2 =
7 4
=1
–1 1M
∴ L1 is not perpendicular to L2 . 1A
3 3
(b) Slope of L1 = =
2 2
6 3 1A
Slope of L2 = =
4 2
∵ Slope of L1 = slope of L2 1M
∴ L1 is parallel to L2 . 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10104303]
The x-intercepts of the straight lines L1: 5x + y – 3 = 0 and L2: 5x – 25y + a = 0 are the same.
(a) Find the value of a.
(b) Is L1 perpendicular to L2? Explain your answer.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) x-intercept of L1 = x-intercept of L2
3 a
= 1M
5 5
a = –3 1A
5
(b) Slope of L1 = = –5
1
5 1 1A
Slope of L2 = =
25 5
1
Slope of L1 slope of L2 = –5 1M
5
= –1
∴ L1 is perpendicular to L2 . 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10104600]
The straight line L passes through (0 , 3) and (8 , 2).
(a) Find the equation of L.
1
(b) The slope of the straight line L1 is – . If the y-intercepts of L and L1 are the same, find the
2
equation of L1.
(4 marks)
Solution:
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10104724]
In each of the following, find the equation of the straight line L.
(a) (b)
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L is
x y
=1 1M
5 3
15 x 15 y
= 15
5 3
3x + 5y = 15
3x + 5y – 15 = 0 1A
9 9
(b) Slope of L = =
4 4
1A
9 9
Slope of L1 = =
4 4
∵ Slope of L = slope of L1 1M
∴ L is parallel to L1. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10105206]
Find the equation of the straight line satisfying each of the following conditions.
(a) Passing through (–2 , 1) and parallel to the x-axis
(b) Passing through (8 , 9) and parallel to the y-axis
(c) Passing through the origin and (4 , 1)
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of the straight line is y = 1. 1A
Find the equations of the straight lines L1, L2 and L3 in the figure.
(4 marks)
Solution:
The equation of L1 is x 4. 1A
The equation of L2 is
8
y= x 1M
4
y = 2x
2x – y = 0 1A
The equation of L3 is y 8. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=3>
[10105343]
Find the number of points of intersection of the following straight lines L1 and L2.
L1: x + 5y – 12 = 0
L2: 3x – 2y + 8 = 0
(3 marks)
Solution:
1
Slope of L1 =
5
3 3 1A
Slope of L2 = =
2 2
Slope of L1 slope of L2 1M
∴ L1 and L2 have one point of intersection. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10105689]
Find the number of points of intersection of the following straight lines L1 and L2.
L1: x – 6y + 6 = 0
L2: –3x + 18y – 18 = 0
(4 marks)
Solution:
1 1
Slope of L1 = =
6 6
3 1 1A
Slope of L2 = =
18 6
6
y-intercept of L1 = =1
6
18 1A
y-intercept of L2 = =1
18
Slope of L1 = slope of L2 and y-intercept of L1 = y-intercept of L2 1M
∴ L1 and L2 have infinitely many points of intersection. 1A
15
(b) y-intercept of L1 =
7
20 10 1A
y-intercept of L2 = =
14 7
y-intercept of L1 y-intercept of L2 1M
∴ L1 and L2 have no points of intersection. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10105762]
Two straight lines L1: y = 4 – 2x and L2: y = 5x + 11 intersect at the point P.
(a) Find the coordinates of P.
(b) The straight line L3 with x-intercept 7 passes through P. Find the equation of L3.
(5 marks)
Solution:
y 4 2 x ................................(1)
(a) 1M
y 5 x 11 ...............................(2)
Substitute (2) into (1).
5x + 11 = 4 – 2x 1M
7x = –7
x = –1
Substitute x = –1 into (1).
y = 4 – 2(–1)
=6
∴ The coordinates of P are (–1 , 6). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10106302]
Two straight lines L1: y = 15 – 3x and L2: 2x – 5y + 7 = 0 intersect at the point P.
(a) Find the coordinates of P.
(b) The straight line L3 passes through P. If L3 is parallel to the straight line L4: 4x + 9y – 6 = 0,
find the equation of L3.
(5 marks)
Solution:
y 15 3x ................................(1)
(a) 1M
2 x 5 y 7 0 .........................(2)
Substitute (1) into (2).
2x – 5(15 – 3x) + 7 = 0 1M
2x – 75 + 15x + 7 = 0
17x = 68
x=4
Substitute x = 4 into (1).
y = 15 – 3(4)
=3
∴ The coordinates of P are (4 , 3). 1A
4
(b) Slope of L3 = slope of L4 =
9
The equation of L3 is
4
y – 3 = (x – 4) 1M
9
9y – 27 = –4x + 16
4x + 9y – 43 = 0 1A
2 x 7 y 4 0 .........................(1)
(b) 1M
3x 5 y 25 0 .......................(2)
(1) 3 – (2) 2: –31y – 62 = 0 1M
–31y = 62
y = –2
Substitute y = –2 into (1).
2x – 7(–2) – 4 = 0
2x = –10
x = –5
∴ The coordinates of the point of intersection are (–5 , –2). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=7>
[10106398]
The equation of the straight line L1 is x + 8y – 18 = 0. The straight line L2 with y-intercept 51 is
perpendicular to L1.
(a) Find the equation of L2.
(b) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of L1 and L2.
(7 marks)
Solution:
1
(a) Slope of L1 =
8
∵ L2 L1
∴ Slope of L2 slope of L1 = –1 1M
1
Slope of L2 = –1
8
Slope of L2 = 8 1A
x 8 y 18 0 ..........................(1)
(b) 1M
8 x y 51 0 .........................(2)
(1) 8 – (2): 65y – 195 = 0 1M
65y = 195
y=3
Substitute y = 3 into (1).
x + 8(3) – 18 = 0
x = –6
∴ The coordinates of the point of intersection are (–6 , 3). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10106510]
Find the number of points of intersection of the straight lines L1: (1 – k)x – ky + 3 = 0 and
1 2
L2: y = 1 x + , where k is a non-zero constant.
k k
(4 marks)
Solution:
1 k 1 k
Slope of L1 = =
k k
1 1 k 1A
Slope of L2 = 1 =
k k
3 3
y-intercept of L1 = =
k k
2 1A
y-intercept of L2 =
k
Slope of L1 = slope of L2 but y-intercept of L1 y-intercept of L2 1M
∴ L1 and L2 have no points of intersection. 1A
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) L passes through the points (–4 , 1) and (3 , 5).
The equation of L is
y 5 1 5
= 1M
x3 43
y 5 4
=
x3 7
7y – 35 = 4x – 12
i.e. 4x – 7y + 23 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10106633]
Find the equation of each of the following straight lines.
(a) The straight line is parallel to the x-axis and passes through the point (–8 , –7).
(b) The straight line is parallel to the y-axis and passes through the point (11 , –13).
(c) The straight line passes through the origin and the point (–2 , 11).
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The straight line is parallel to the x-axis and passes through the point (–8 , –7).
∴ The required equation of the straight line is y = –7. 1A
(b) The straight line is parallel to the y-axis and passes through the point (11 , –13).
∴ The required equation of the straight line is x = 11. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=2>
[10106711]
1
Find the equation of the straight line passing through the point (–3 , 2) and with slope – .
3
(2 marks)
Solution:
The required equation of the straight line is
1
y – 2 = – [x – (–3)] 1M
3
3y – 6 = –x – 3
i.e. x + 3y – 3 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10106716]
5 1
The slope of the straight line L is and its y-intercept is – .
4 2
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) Does L pass through the point (6 , 7)? Explain your answer.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L is
5 1
y= x– 1M
4 2
4y = 5x – 2
i.e. 5x – 4y – 2 = 0 1A
11a
(b) y-intercept of L = 1M
1
= –11a 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10107010]
The straight line L1 passes through the point (8 , –7) and its x-intercept is 4.
(a) Find the equation of L1.
(b) If the straight line L2 is perpendicular to L1, find the slope of L2.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) L1 passes through the points (8 , –7) and (4 , 0).
The equation of L1 is
y0 70
= 1M
x4 84
y 7
=
x4 4
4y = –7x + 28
i.e. 7x + 4y – 28 = 0 1A
7
(b) Slope of L1 = 1M
4
∵ L2 ⊥ L1
∴ Slope of L2 × slope of L1 = –1
7
Slope of L2 × = –1 1M
4
4
Slope of L2 = 1A
7
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=2>
[10107462]
The x-intercept of the straight line L is 2 and its y-intercept is –1. Find the equation of L.
(2 marks)
Solution:
The equation of L is
x y
=1 1M
2 1
x – 2y = 2
i.e. x – 2y – 2 = 0 1A
1
(b) Slope of L1 = 1M
25
∵ L2 is parallel to L1,
∴ slope of L2 = slope of L1
1
= 1A
25
∴ The equation of L2 is
1
y x0
25
1
i.e. y x 1A
25
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10107721]
The equation of the straight line L is 4x – 8y – 5 = 0.
(a) Find the slope of L.
(b) The straight line is parallel to L and passes through the point (3 , –1). Find the equation
of .
(5 marks)
Solution:
4
(a) Slope of L = 1M
8
1
= 1A
2
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10107859]
The equation of the straight line L is –6x + 2y + 1 = 0.
(a) Find the slope of L.
(b) The straight line is perpendicular to L and passes through the point (7 , 2). Find the equation
of .
(5 marks)
Solution:
6
(a) Slope of L = 1M
2
=3 1A
(b) ∵ is perpendicular to L,
∴ slope of × slope of L = –1
slope of × 3 = –1 1M
1
slope of =
3
∴ The equation of is
1
y – 2 = (x – 7) 1M
3
3y – 6 = –x + 7
i.e. x + 3y – 13 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10107963]
3
The straight line L passes through the points (0 , 1) and 1 , .
5
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) If the point (h , h – 2) lies on L, find the value of h.
(4 marks)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.31
Solution:
(a) The equation of L is
3
1
y 1 5
= 1M
x 0 1 0
y 1 2
=
x 5
5y – 5 = 2x
i.e. 2x – 5y + 5 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10108066]
The straight line L1 passes through the origin and the point (–2 , 5). The equation of the straight
line L2 is 5x + 2y – 14 = 0.
(a) Find the equation of L1.
(b) Is L1 parallel to L2? Explain your answer.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L1 is
5
y= x 1M
2
–2y = 5x
i.e. 5x + 2y = 0 1A
5
(b) Slope of L1 =
2
5
Slope of L2 =
2
∵ Slope of L1 = slope of L2 1M
∴ L1 is parallel to L2 . 1A
5
(c) Slope of L1 =
6
a 2
Slope of L2 = =
3 3
Slope of L1 × slope of L2
5 2
= 1M
6 3
5
=
9
–1
∴ L1 is not perpendicular to L2 . 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=7>
[10108160]
5
The slope of the straight line L: 10x + ay + 6 = 0 is , where a 0.
6
(a) Find the value of a.
(b) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of L and the y-axis.
(c) The inclination of the straight line is 45°. passes through the point of intersection of L
and the y-axis. Find the equation of .
(7 marks)
Solution:
5
(a) Slope of L =
6
10 5
= 1M
a 6
–60 = 5a
a = –12 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10108248]
Find the number of points of intersection of the following two straight lines L1 and L2.
1
L1 : x + y – 3 = 0
3
L2: 2x + 6y – 18 = 0
(4 marks)
Solution:
1
1
Slope of L1 = 3 = 1M
1 3
2 1
Slope of L2 = =
6 3
3
y-intercept of L1 = =3 1M
1
18
y-intercept of L2 = =3
6
∵ Slope of L1 = slope of L2 and y-intercept of L1 = y-intercept of L2, 1M
∴ L1 and L2 have infinitely many points of intersection. 1A
5 5
(b) Slope of L1 = = 1M
2 2
10
Slope of L2 =
3
∵ Slope of L1 slope of L2
∴ L1 and L2 have one point of intersection. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=3>
[10108472]
Find the equation of L in the following figure.
(3 marks)
Solution:
L passes through (0 , – 1) and the slope of L is 2.
The equation of L is
y + 1 = 2(x – 0) 1M
y + 1 = 2x
i.e. 2 x y 1 0 1M+1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=3>
[10108578]
1 1
Find the equation of the straight line that passes through the point , 3 and has slope .
2 2
(3 marks)
Solution:
The equation of the required line is
1 1
y (3) (x ) 1M
2 2
1
2( y 3) x
2
4( y 3) 2 x 1 1M+1A
i.e. 2 x 4 y 13 0
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=3>
[10108832]
Find the slope, x-intercept and y-intercept of the straight line x + 4y – 7 = 0.
(3 marks)
Solution:
1
Slope of L = 1A
4
7 7
y-intercept of L = 1A
4 4
When y = 0, x + 4(0) 7 = 0
x=7
x-intercept of L = 7 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=3>
[10109297]
Find the slope and the angle of inclination of the straight line 2x – 2y – 3 = 0.
(3 marks)
Solution:
2
Slope of the given straight line = 1 1A
(2)
Let the angle of inclination be .
tan θ 1 1M
θ 45
The angle of inclination is 45. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=3>
[10109388]
Find the slope of the straight line that is perpendicular to L : 3x + 4y – 5 = 0.
(3 marks)
Solution:
3
Slope of L = 1A
4
1
The required slope = 1M
3
4
4
= 1A
3
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10109501]
The equations of five straight lines are given below:
y 2
L1 : y = 3x + 2 L2 : x =
3
L3 : 3x + y – 1 = 0 L4 : x – 3y + 1 = 0
L5 : 3y = x
Which pair(s) of the straight lines is/are
(a) parallel to each other;
(b) perpendicular to each other?
(5 marks)
Solution:
Slope of L1 = 3; slope of L2 = 3;
1
slope of L3 = 3; slope of L4 = ;
3
1
slope of L5 = 1M
3
(a) L1 // L2, L4 // L5 1A+1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10109712]
Find the equation of the straight line which passes through Q(2 , 4) and is perpendicular to
L : 5x – 4y + 1 = 0.
(5 marks)
Solution:
5 5
Slope of L = 1A
4 4
1 4
Slope of straight line = 1M
5 5
4
The equation of straight line is
4
y 4 ( x 2) 1M
5
5 y 20 4 x 8
i.e. 4 x 5 y 28 0 1M+1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10110057]
The equation of the straight line L1 is 2x – y + 1 = 0. The straight line L2 passes through the point
P(–1 , 2) and its slope is twice of the slope of L1. Find the equation of L2.
(5 marks)
Solution:
2
Slope of L1 = = 2 1A
1
Slope of L2 = 2(2) = 4 1M
The equation of L2 is
y 2 4( x 1) 1M
y 2 4x 4
i.e. 4 x y 6 0 1M+1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10110410]
If the lines L1 : 5x + 3y – 4 = 0 and L2 : 6x – ty + 9 = 0 are perpendicular, find the value of t.
(4 marks)
Solution:
5
Slope of L1 1A
3
Slope of L2
6
(t )
6
1A
t
L1 L2
5 6
1 1M
3 t
t 10 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=5>
[10110627]
3
The straight line L passes through (0 , 0) and 2 , .
2
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) If a point (1 , k) lies on L, find the value of k.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L is
3
0
y 0
2 1M
x 0 20
y 3
x 4
i.e. 3x 4 y 0 1M+1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
[10110666]
Find the equation of the straight line L in each of the following figures.
(a) (b)
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The line is horizontal.
The equation of L is y = 4. 1M+1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=4>
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.45
[10110668]
2
The equation of a straight line is y 3 ( x 5) .
3
(a) Convert the equation into the general form.
(b) Find the x-intercept and y-intercept of the line.
(4 marks)
Solution:
2
(a) y 3 ( x 5)
3
3(y – 3) = –2(x + 5)
3y – 9 = –2x – 10 1M
i.e. 2x + 3y + 1 = 0
The general form of the line is 2x + 3y + 1 = 0. 1A
1 1
(b) x-intercept , y-intercept 1A+1A
2 3
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=6>
[10110813]
Find the equation of the straight line which
1
(a) passes through (1 , 4) and has slope ,
3
(b) passes through (7 , 5) and (2 , 1).
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of the required line is
1
y (4) ( x 1) 1M
3
3( y 4) x 1
i.e. x – 3y – 13 = 0 1M+1A
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a) Putting y = 0 into 4x + 5y – 20 = 0, we have
4 x 20 0 1M
4 x 20
x5
The coordinates of R are (5 , 0). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=6>
[10111095]
The three points P(1 , 6), Q(–1 , –8) and R(3 , 8) are given.
(a) Find the equation of PQ.
(b) Do the three points P, Q and R lie on the same straight line? Explain your answer.
(6 marks)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.47
Solution:
(a) The equation of PQ is
y 6 86
1M
x 1 11
y6
7
x 1
7x 7 y 6
i.e. 7 x y 1 0 1M+1A
8 8 16
(b) Slope of QR = 4 1M
1 3 4
mPQ ≠ mQR 1M
The three points P, Q and R do not lie on the same straight line. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=6>
[10111121]
Find the number of points of intersection of two straight lines L1 : 2x – y + 1 = 0 and
y
L2 : x – = 0.
2
(6 marks)
Solution:
2
Slope of L1 = = 2
1
2
Slope of L2 = = 2 1M+1A
1
1
y-intercept of L1 = = 1
1
y-intercept of L2 = 0 1M+1A
Slope of L1 = slope of L2
y-intercept of L1 ≠ y-intercept of L2 1M
L1 and L2 do not have any point of intersection. 1A
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) Putting x = 0 into the equation of L1, we have
–3y + 6 = 0 1M
y=2
The coordinates of P are (0 , 2). 1A
1 1
(b) Slope of L1 = = 1A
3 3
L1 ⊥ L2
1
Slope of L2 = = 3 1M
1
3
The equation of L2 is
y 2 3( x 0) 1M
y 2 3x
i.e. 3x y 2 0 1M+1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=7>
[10111257]
The straight line L : x – py + 4p = 0 passes through point A(2 , 0). Find
(a) the value of the constant p,
(b) the equation of the straight line which passes through A and is perpendicular to L.
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) Putting x = 2, y = 0 into x – py + 4p = 0, we have
2 4p 0 1M
2
p 1A
4 2
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L1><mark=7>
[10111410]
Consider two lines L1 : kx – y + 3 = 0 and L2 : 2x + 4y + 13 = 0.
If L1 L2 , find
(a) the value of k,
(b) the point of intersection of L1 and L2.
(7 marks)
Solution:
k
(a) Slope of L1 = k
(1)
2 1
Slope of L2 = 1M+1A
4 2
L1 L2
Slope of L1 slope of L2 = 1
1
i.e. k 1 1M
2
k 2 1A
Level 2
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=4>
[10111471]
The straight line L passes through (3 , –10) and (7 , 2).
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) Does L pass through P(9 , 8)? Explain your answer.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L is
y (10) 2 (10)
= 1M
x3 73
y 10
=3
x3
y + 10 = 3x – 9
3x – y – 19 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=4>
[10111557]
The straight line L with y-intercept –1 passes through (–6 , –7).
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) Does P(5 , 3) lie on L? Explain your answer.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L is
y (7) 1 (7)
= 1M
x (6) 0 (6)
y7
=1
x6
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.51
y+7=x+6
x–y–1=0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=4>
[10111564]
The straight line L with x-intercept –5 passes through (8 , –3).
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) If P(a , 3) lies on L, find the value of a.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L is
y0 30
= 1M
x (5) 8 (5)
y 3
=
x5 13
13y = –3x – 15
3x + 13y + 15 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=4>
[10111587]
A(a , 4) lies on the straight line L1: 4x – y + 16 = 0.
(a) Find the value of a.
(b) Find the equation of the straight line L2 passing through A and with y-intercept –6.
(4 marks)
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=5>
[10111589]
A(–2 , 9) is rotated anticlockwise about the origin O through 180 to the point B.
(a) Write down the coordinates of B.
(b) The straight line L passes through A and B.
(i) Find the equation of L.
(ii) Does L pass through the origin? Explain your answer.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) The coordinates of B are (2 , –9). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=3>
[10111837]
P(3 , 2) is reflected in the x-axis to the point Q.
(a) Write down the coordinates of Q.
(b) Find the equation of the straight line L passing through Q and with slope 2.
(3 marks)
Solution:
(a) The coordinates of Q are (3 , –2). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=3>
[10112436]
P(4 , 1) is rotated clockwise about the origin O through 90 to the point Q.
(a) Write down the coordinates of Q.
5
(b) Find the equation of the straight line L passing through Q and with slope .
2
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.54
(3 marks)
Solution:
(a) The coordinates of Q are (1 , –4). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=4>
[10112506]
A(3 , –6) is rotated clockwise about the origin O through 270 to the point B. A is reflected in the
y-axis to the point C.
(a) Write down the coordinates of B and C.
(b) Find the equation of the straight line L passing through B and C.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The coordinates of B are (6 , 3). 1A
The coordinates of C are (–3 , –6). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=6>
[10112652]
The inclination of the straight line L1 is 60°. L1 passes through A(7 , 0).
(a) Find the equation of L1.
(b) The straight line L2 passes through A and is perpendicular to L1. Find the equation of L2.
(Leave the radical sign ‘ ’ in the answers.)
(6 marks)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.55
Solution:
(a) Slope of L1 = tan 60° 1M
= 3
The equation of L1 is
y – 0 = 3 (x – 7) 1M
y = 3x 7 3
3x y 7 3 0 1A
(b) ∵ L2 L1
∴ Slope of L2 slope of L1 = –1
Slope of L2 3 = –1
1
Slope of L2 = 1A
3
The equation of L2 is
1
y – 0 = (x – 7) 1M
3
3 y = –x + 7
x 3y 7 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=6>
[10112667]
In the figure, the straight lines L1 and L2 have the same y-intercept 5. L1 cuts the x-axis at (–3 , 0).
(a) Find the slope of L1.
(b) Find the equation of L1.
(c) If L1 L2, find the equation of L2.
(6 marks)
Solution:
05
(a) Slope of L1 =
30
5
= 1A
3
(c) ∵ L2 L1
∴ Slope of L2 slope of L1 = –1
5
Slope of L2 = –1
3
3
Slope of L2 = 1A
5
The equation of L2 is
3
y – 5 = (x – 0) 1M
5
5y – 25 = –3x
3x + 5y – 25 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=6>
[10112678]
Consider two points A(10 , 0) and B(0 , 6). It is given that M is the mid-point of AB.
(a) Find the coordinates of M.
4
(b) The straight line L with slope passes through M.
5
(i) Find the equation of L.
(ii) Does L pass through the origin? Explain your answer.
(6 marks)
Solution:
10 0 0 6
(a) Coordinates of M = , 1M
2 2
= (5 , 3) 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=6>
[10112854]
In the figure, A(1 , 0), B(8 , 0) and C(5 , 6) are the vertices of △ABC. D is a point on BC such that
CD : DB = 2 : 1.
(a) Find the coordinates of D.
(b) Find the equation of AD.
(c) Does (–8 , –3) lie on AD? Explain your answer.
(6 marks)
Solution:
1(5) 2(8) 1(6) 2(0)
(a) Coordinates of D = , 1M
2 1 2 1
= (7 , 2) 1A
In the figure, the straight line L cuts the y-axis at the point A and cuts the x-axis at the point B.
C(5 , –4) is the mid-point of AB.
(a) Find the coordinates of A and B.
(b) Find the equation of L.
(c) Determine whether A, B and D(15 , 4) are collinear.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) Let (0 , a) be the coordinates of A and (b , 0) be the coordinates of B.
a0
= –4 1M
2
a = –8
0b
=5 1M
2
b = 10
∴ The coordinates of A and B are (0 , –8) and (10 , 0) respectively. 1A+1A
Alternative method:
80 4
Slope of AB = =
0 10 5
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.59
40 4
Slope of BD = =
15 10 5
∵ Slope of AB = slope of BD 1M
∴ A, B and D are collinear. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=8>
[10112923]
It is given that A(k , 3k), B(–12 , –1) and C(–k , 2k) are collinear, where k is a non-zero constant.
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) A is reflected in the x-axis to the point A. The straight line L passes through A and is
perpendicular to AB.
(i) Find the equation of L.
(ii) Hence, determine whether ACA is a right angle.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) Slope of AB = slope of AC
3k (1) 3k 2k
= 1M
k (12) k (k )
3k 1 k
=
k 12 kk
3k 1 1
=
k 12 2
6k + 2 = k + 12
5k = 10
k=2 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=4>
[10113056]
5
The slope and the y-intercept of the straight line L are and 4 respectively.
6
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) If (a , 2) lies on L, find the value of a.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L is
5
y= x+4 1M
6
6y = 5x + 24
5x – 6y + 24 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=4>
[10113057]
The y-intercept of the straight line L1 is 6. L1 passes through A(3 , 14).
(a) Find the slope of L1.
5
(b) The straight line L2 with y-intercept is perpendicular to L1. Find the equation of L2.
8
(4 marks)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.61
Solution:
6 14
(a) Slope of L1 =
03
8
= 1A
3
(b) ∵ L2 L1
∴ Slope of L2 slope of L1 = –1
8
Slope of L2 = –1
3
3
Slope of L2 = 1A
8
The equation of L2 is
3 5
y= x+ 1M
8 8
8y = –3x + 5
3x + 8y – 5 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=8>
[10113081]
1
The slope of the straight line L is . L cuts the positive x-axis and the positive y-axis at A(a , 0)
3
and B(0 , b) respectively.
(a) Express a in terms of b.
(b) Express the length of AB in terms of b.
(c) If AB = 40 , find the equation of L.
(Leave the radical sign ‘ ’ in the answers if necessary.)
(8 marks)
Solution:
1
(a) Slope of L =
3
b0 1
= 1M
0a 3
a
b=
3
a = 3b 1A
(b) AB = (a 0) 2 (0 b) 2 1M
= (3b) 2 b 2 (From (a))
= 10b 2
= 10b (∵ b > 0) 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=4>
[10113192]
The x-intercept of the straight line L: 2x – 9y + k = 0 is 3.
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Find the slope and the y-intercept of L.
(4 marks)
Solution:
(a) x-intercept of L = 3
k
=3 1M
2
k = –6 1A
2 2
(b) Slope of L = = 1A
9 9
6 2
y-intercept of L = = 1A
9 3
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=8>
[10113210]
The x-intercept and the y-intercept of the straight line L: ax + by – 12 = 0 are 6 and 4 respectively,
where a and b are constants.
(a) Find the values of a and b.
(b) Find the slope of L.
(c) If the straight line L1 with y-intercept 8 is perpendicular to L, find the equation of L1.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) x-intercept of L = 6
12
=6 1M
a
a=2 1A
a 2
(b) Slope of L = = 1A
b 3
(c) ∵ L1 L
∴ Slope of L1 slope of L = –1
2
Slope of L1 = –1
3
3
Slope of L1 = 1A
2
The equation of L1 is
3
y= x+8 1M
2
2y = 3x + 16
3x – 2y + 16 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=4>
[10113563]
Consider the straight lines L1: kx + 4y – 15 = 0 and L2: 3x – 12y + 8 = 0, where k is a constant. It is
given that L1 L2.
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) The straight line L3 is parallel to L1 and passes through the origin. Find the equation of L3.
(4 marks)
Solution:
k
(a) Slope of L1 = 1M
4
3 1
Slope of L2 = =
12 4
∵ L1 L2
∴ Slope of L1 slope of L2 = –1
k 1
= –1
4 4
k = 16 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=5>
[10113655]
The straight line L passes through the x-intercept of the straight line L1: 5x – 2y + 10 = 0 and the
y-intercept of the straight line L2: 3x + ky – 8 = 0.
(a) Express the equation of L in terms of k.
(b) If the inclination of L is 45, find the value of k.
(5 marks)
Solution:
10
(a) x-intercept of L1 = = –2 1M
5
8 8
y-intercept of L2 = =
k k
The equation of L is
x y
=1 1M
2 8
k
x ky
=1
2 8
8 x 8ky
=8
2 8
–4x + ky = 8
4x – ky + 8 = 0 1A
In the figure, the straight line L passes through (3 , 12) and (–9 , –4).
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) Find the coordinates of A and B.
(c) Find the area of △OAB.
(5 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of L is
y 12 4 12
= 1M
x 3 93
y 12 4
=
x 3 3
3y – 36 = 4x – 12
4x – 3y + 24 = 0 1A
24
(b) y-intercept of L = =8
3
24
x-intercept of L = = –6
4
∴ The coordinates of A and B are (0 , 8) and (–6 , 0) respectively. 1A+1A
In the figure, the straight line L: 5x – 4y – 40 = 0 cuts the y-axis and the x-axis at A and B
respectively. M is a point on L such that OM is an altitude of △OAB.
(a) Find the coordinates of A and B.
(b) Find the equation of OM.
(5 marks)
Solution:
40
(a) y-intercept of L = = –10
4
40
x-intercept of L = =8
5
∴ The coordinates of A and B are (0 , –10) and (8 , 0) respectively. 1A+1A
5 5
(b) Slope of L = =
4 4
∵ OM L
∴ Slope of OM slope of L = –1
5
Slope of OM = –1
4
4
Slope of OM = 1A
5
The equation of OM is
4
y= x 1M
5
5y = –4x
4x + 5y = 0 1A
In the figure, the inclination of the straight line L1 is 60. The straight line L2: x = 15 intersects the
x-axis and L1 at P and Q respectively.
(a) Find the equation of L1.
(b) Find the coordinates of Q.
(c) Find the perimeter of △OPQ.
(Leave the radical sign ‘ ’ in the answers.)
(7 marks)
Solution:
(a) Slope of L1 = tan 60 = 3 1A
The equation of L1 is
y = 3x 1M
3x y 0 1A
In the figure, the straight lines L1: 7x + 4y + 49 = 0 and L2 intersect at a point on the x-axis.
(a) Find the slope and the x-intercept of L1.
(b) It is given that L1 L2.
(i) Find the equation of L2.
(ii) If the straight line L3 is perpendicular to L2 and intersects L2 at a point on the y-axis, find
the equation of L3.
(8 marks)
Solution:
7
(a) Slope of L1 = 1A
4
49
x-intercept of L1 = = –7 1A
7
(b) (i) ∵ L2 L1
∴ Slope of L2 slope of L1 = –1
7
Slope of L2 = –1
4
4
Slope of L2 = 1A
7
The equation of L2 is
4
y – 0 = [x – (–7)] 1M
7
7y = 4x + 28
4x – 7y + 28 = 0 1A
28
(ii) y-intercept of L2 = =4 1A
7
∵ L3 L2
∴ L3 // L1
7
Slope of L3 = slope of L1 =
4
The equation of L3 is
7
y= x+4 1M
4
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=8>
[10113867]
The y-intercept of the straight line L is –5. L is parallel to the straight line L1: 2x + 8y – 21 = 0.
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) L cuts the x-axis at A. The straight line L2 cuts the x-axis at B. If L // L2 and AB = 3,
(i) write down the two possible coordinates of B,
(ii) find the possible equations of L2.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) Slope of L = slope of L1
2
=
8
1
= 1A
4
The equation of L is
1
y= x–5 1M
4
4y = –x – 20
x + 4y + 20 = 0 1A
1
(ii) Slope of L2 = slope of L =
4
When the coordinates of B are (–17 , 0),
the equation of L2 is
1
y – 0 = [x – (–17)] 1M
4
4y = –x – 17
x + 4y + 17 = 0 1A
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.70
When the coordinates of B are (–23 , 0),
the equation of L2 is
1
y – 0 = [x – (–23)]
4
4y = –x – 23
x + 4y + 23 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=7>
[10114020]
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=9>
[10114066]
P(e , 6) is a point lying on the straight line L1: x + 3y – 15 = 0.
(a) Find the value of e.
(b) Find the slope of L1.
(c) L2 is a straight line with x-intercept –10 and is parallel to L1.
(i) Find the equation of L2.
(ii) If S is a point on L2 such that PS = SQ, where the coordinates of Q are (4 , –1), find the
coordinates of S.
(9 marks)
Solution:
(a) Substitute (e , 6) into x + 3y – 15 = 0.
e + 3(6) – 15 = 0 1M
e = –3 1A
1
(b) Slope of L1 = 1A
3
1
(c) (i) Slope of L2 = slope of L1 =
3
The equation of L2 is
1
y – 0 = [x – (–10)] 1M
3
3y = –x – 10
x + 3y + 10 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=9>
[10114155]
In the figure, the straight line L1 cuts the x-axis and the y-axis at A(5 , 0) and B(0 , 10) respectively.
The straight line L2 passes through B and is perpendicular to L1. L2 cuts the x-axis at C.
(a) Find the equation of L2.
(b) Find the coordinates of C.
(c) D is a point such that ABCD is a rectangle. Find the coordinates of D.
(9 marks)
Solution:
10 0
(a) Slope of L1 = = –2 1A
05
∵ L2 L1
∴ Slope of L2 slope of L1 = –1
Slope of L2 (–2) = –1
1
Slope of L2 = 1A
2
The equation of L2 is
1
y = x + 10 1M
2
2y = x + 20
x – 2y + 20 = 0 1A
Alternative method:
Let (p , q) be the coordinates of D. Let E be a point on AC such that DE AC.
∵ ABCD is a rectangle and AC is the diagonal.
∴ Area of △ADC = area of △ABC
1 1
AC DE = AC OB 1M
2 2
0 – q = 10 – 0
q = –10
∵ AD // L2
∴ Slope of AD = slope of L2
10 0 1
= 1M
p5 2
–20 = p – 5
p = –15
∴ The coordinates of D are (–15 , –10). 1A
5
In the figure, the slope of L1: 5x + ky – 40 = 0 is . L1 cuts the x-axis at A. The straight line L2
2
passes through A and cut the y-axis at B. It is given that 5OA = 8OB.
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Find the coordinates of A and B.
(c) Consider a point C(12 , –10).
(i) Does C lie on L1? Explain your answer.
(ii) The straight line L3 passes through C and is parallel to L2. P is a point on L3. Is the area
of △ABP equal to the area of △ABC? Explain your answer.
(9 marks)
Solution:
5
(a) Slope of L1 =
2
5 5
= 1M
k 2
k=2 1A
40
(b) x-intercept of L1 = =8 1M
5
∴ The coordinates of A are (8 , 0). 1A
5OA = 8OB
5(8 – 0) = 8OB
OB = 5
∴ The coordinates of B are (0 , –5). 1A
(ii) Since L3 // L2, with AB as the bases, the height of △ABP = the height of △ABC. 1M
∴ The area of △ABP is equal to the area of △ABC. 1A
5
(b) From (a), ax + ay + 20 = 0.
4
5
Substitute (–5 , 2) into ax + ay + 20 = 0.
4
5
a(–5) + a(2) + 20 = 0
4
5
–5a + a + 20 = 0
2
–10a + 5a + 40 = 0
–5a = –40
a=8 1A
5
Substitute a = 8 into b = a.
4
5
b= (8) = 10 1A
4
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=6>
[10114218]
The straight lines L1: ax – 8y + 2 = 0 and L2: 4x + by + 1 = 0 (a and b are non-zero constants) have
infinitely many points of intersection.
(a) Find the values of a and b.
(b) Does L1 pass through (5 , 4)? Explain your answer.
(6 marks)
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=6>
[10114411]
The straight lines L1: 8x + 18y + a = 0 and L2: bx + 6y + 2 = 0 (a and b are non-zero constants)
have infinitely many points of intersection.
(a) Find the values of a and b.
(b) If L1 intersects the straight line y = –3 at the point A, find the coordinates of A.
(6 marks)
Solution:
(a) y-intercept of L1 = y-intercept of L2
a 2
= 1M
18 6
a=6 1A
and Slope of L1 = slope of L2
8 b
= 1M
18 6
8
b= 1A
3
8 x 18 y 6 0 ...........................(1)
(b) 1M
y 3 .........................................(2)
Substitute (2) into (1).
8x + 18(–3) + 6 = 0
8x = 48
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.77
x=6
∴ The coordinates of A are (6 , –3). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=8>
[10114414]
The straight lines L1: 3x – 4y – 9 = 0 and L2: x – 6y + 11 = 0 intersect at the point A.
(a) Find the coordinates of A.
(b) A is reflected in the x-axis to the point B. L1 cuts the x-axis at the point C. The straight line L3
passes through B and C. Is L1 perpendicular to L3? Explain your answer.
(8 marks)
Solution:
3x 4 y 9 0 .........................(1)
(a) 1M
x 6 y 11 0 .........................(2)
(1) – (2) 3: 14y – 42 = 0 1M
14y = 42
y=3
Substitute y = 3 into (1).
3x – 4(3) – 9 = 0
3x = 21
x=7
∴ The coordinates of A are (7 , 3). 1A
2 x y 22 0 .........................(1)
(b) 1M
x 2 y 4 0 ..........................(2)
(1) – (2) 2: –5y + 30 = 0 1M
5y = 30
y =6
Substitute y = 6 into (1).
2x – 6 + 22 = 0
2x = –16
x = –8
∴ The coordinates of A are (–8 , 6). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=11>
[10115233]
1
In the figure, B(–6 , 0) and C(0 , 12) are the vertices of △ABC. The slope of AD is and
2
AB = 15.
(a) Find the coordinates of A.
(b) Find the equations of AD and BC.
(c) Find the coordinates of D.
(d) Is AD a perpendicular bisector of △ABC? Explain your answer.
(11 marks)
Solution:
(a) Coordinates of A = (–6 + 15 , 0)
= (9 , 0) 1A
1
(d) Slope of AD slope of BC = 2 = –1 1M
2
∴ AD BC
Coordinates of the mid-point of BC
6 0 0 12
= , 1M
2 2
= (–3 , 6)
∴ D is the mid-point of BC.
i.e. AD is a perpendicular bisector of △ABC. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=13>
[10115289]
1 1
(b) Slope of AD = slope of BC = =
5 5
The equation of AD is
1
y= x+1 1M
5
5y = x + 5
x – 5y + 5 = 0 1A
5
(c) x-intercept of AD = = –5
1
∴ The coordinates of A are (–5 , 0). 1A
9 x 5 y 75 0 ........................(1)
1M
x 5 y 5 0 ............................(2)
(1) – (2): 8x – 80 = 0 1M
8x = 80
x = 10
Substitute x = 10 into (2).
10 – 5y + 5 = 0
5y = 15
y=3
∴ The coordinates of D are (10 , 3). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=13>
[10115345]
The figure shows a trapezium ABCD, where AB // DC and AB = AD. A is a point lying on the
y-axis. The coordinates of B and D are (13 , 9) and (3 , –7) respectively. The equation of BC is
5x + 8y – 137 = 0.
(a) Find the coordinates of A.
(b) Find the equation of DC.
(c) Find the coordinates of C.
(d) Show that AD AB and find the area of trapezium ABCD.
(13 marks)
Solution:
(a) Let (0 , a) be the coordinates of A.
∵ AB = AD
∴ (0 13)2 (a 9)2 = (0 3)2 [a (7)]2 1M
2 2
169 + a – 18a + 81 = 9 + a + 14a + 49
32a = 192
a=6
∴ The coordinates of A are (0 , 6). 1A
76 13
(d) Slope of AD = =
30 3
13 3
Slope of AD slope of AB = 1M
3 13
= –1
∴ AD AB 1A
AB = (0 13) 2 (6 9) 2 = 178
AD = AB = 178 1A
DC = (3 29)2 [7 (1)]2 = 712 = 2 178
Area of the trapezium ABCD
1
= ( AB DC) AD
2
1
= ( 178 2 178 ) 178 1M
2
= 267 1A
5
(b) Slope of AC =
4
∵ BP AC
∴ Slope of BP slope of AC = –1
5
Slope of BP = –1
4
4
Slope of BP = 1A
5
The equation of BP is
4
y – 13 = (x – 14) 1M
5
5y – 65 = 4x – 56
4x – 5y + 9 = 0 1A
13 0 13
Slope of BC = =
14 8 6
∵ AQ BC
∴ Slope of AQ slope of BC = –1
13
Slope of AQ = –1
6
6
Slope of AQ = 1A
13
2
2
(b) Slope of L1 = = = –3 1A
m 2
3
∵ L1 is perpendicular to L2,
∴ slope of L1 × slope of L2 = –1
(–3) × slope of L2 = –1 1M
1
slope of L2 =
3
The equation of L2 is
1
y – 0 = [x – (–3)] 1M
3
3y = x + 3
i.e. x – 3y + 3 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=5>
[10115837]
In the figure, the straight line L cuts the x-axis at the point A and cuts the y-axis at the point B. It is
given that the coordinates of the mid-point of AB are (–2 , 1).
x y
(b) Substituting (8 , 4) into = 1, we have
4 2
8 4
L.H.S. = 1M
4 2
= –2 + 2
=0
∵ L.H.S. R.H.S.
∴ The point (8 , 4) does not lie on L. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=9>
[10115853]
In the figure, the straight line L passes through two points (1 , 5) and (–4 , –3).
(a) Find the equation of L.
(b) Find the coordinates of the two points P and Q.
(c) M is the mid-point of PQ. Find the equation of the straight line which passes through the
origin O and M.
(9 marks)
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.90
Solution:
(a) The equation of L is
y 5 35
= 1M
x 1 4 1
y 5 8
=
x 1 5
5y – 25 = 8x – 8
i.e. 8x – 5y + 17 = 0 1A
(b) When x = 0,
8(0) – 5y + 17 = 0 1M
–5y = –17
17
y=
5
When y = 0,
8x – 5(0) + 17 = 0 1M
8x = –17
17
x=
8
17 17
∴ The coordinates of P are 0 , and the coordinates of Q are , 0 . 1A+1A
5 8
(c) Coordinates of M
17
0 17 0
= 8 , 5 1M
2 2
17 17
= ,
16 10
The required equation of the straight line is
17
y = 10 x 1M
17
16
8
i.e. y x 1A
5
k k
(c) (i) Substituting , into the equation of L2, we have
7 3
k
=7 1M
3
k = –21 1A
(ii) Coordinates of P
(21) (21)
= ,
7 3
= (3 , 7)
∴ tan θ = slope of OP
70
= 1M
30
7
= 1A
3
In the figure, the straight lines L and L1 intersect at the point M on the x-axis. L is perpendicular to
L2 and intersects L2 at N. It is given that the equation of L is x + 2y + 5 = 0.
(a) Find the coordinates of M and N.
(b) Find the equations of L1 and L2.
(c) Is L1 parallel to L2? Explain your answer.
(11 marks)
Solution:
(a) Substituting y = 0 into the equation of L, we have
x + 2(0) + 5 = 0 1M
x = –5
∴ The coordinates of M are (–5 , 0). 1A
Substituting y = –4 into the equation of L, we have
x + 2(–4) + 5 = 0 1M
x=3
∴ The coordinates of N are (3 , –4). 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=8>
[10116050]
The figure shows a parallelogram OABC, where the point A lies on the y-axis. It is given that the
coordinates of the point C are (–6 , –3) and the length of BC is 7.
(a) Find the coordinates of A and B.
(b) Find the equations of the diagonals AC and OB.
(c) Is OABC a rhombus? Explain your answer.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) ∵ AO = BC = 7
∴ The coordinates of A are (0 , 7). 1A
∵ The length of BC is 7,
∴ the coordinates of B are (–6 , –3 + 7), i.e. (–6 , 4). 1A
Alternative method:
5 5
Slope of AC = =
3 3
2
Slope of OB =
3
Slope of AC × slope of OB
5 2
= 1M
3 3
10
=
9
–1
i.e. AC is not perpendicular to OB.
∴ OABC is not a rhombus. 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=11>
[10116077]
In the figure, A(5 , –3), B(4 , 2) and C(–2 , –7) are the vertices of △ ABC. D is a point on BC such
that AD ⊥ BC.
(a) Find the equation of BC.
(b) Find the equation of AD.
(c) Find the coordinates of D.
(d) Is △ ABD an isosceles triangle? Explain your answer.
(11 marks)
72
(b) Slope of BC = 1M
24
3
=
2
∵ AD is perpendicular to BC,
∴ slope of AD × slope of BC = –1
3
slope of AD × = –1 1M
2
2
slope of AD =
3
The equation of AD is
2
y – (–3) = (x – 5) 1M
3
3y + 9 = –2x + 10
i.e. 2x + 3y – 1 = 0 1A
2 x 3 y 1 0..................................(i)
(c) 1M
3x 2 y 8 0.................................(ii )
(i) × 2: 4x + 6y – 2 = 0.................(iii)
(ii) × 3: 9x – 6y – 24 = 0.................(iv)
(iii) + (iv): 13x – 26 = 0 1M
13x = 26
x=2
Substituting x = 2 into (i), we have
2(2) + 3y – 1 = 0
3y = –3
y = –1
∴ The coordinates of D are (2 , –1). 1A
In the figure, A(–4 , 5) and B(6 , 7) are the two vertices of △ ABC. The altitudes of △ ABC
intersect at H(4 , 4).
(a) Find the slope of AC. Hence, find the equation of AC.
(b) Find the equation of BC.
(c) Find the coordinates of C.
(10 marks)
Solution:
47 3
(a) Slope of BH = =
46 2
∵ AC is perpendicular to BH,
∴ slope of AC × slope of BH = –1
3
slope of AC × = –1 1M
2
2
slope of AC = 1A
3
∴ The equation of AC is
2
y – 5 = [x – (–4)] 1M
3
3y – 15 = –2x – 8
i.e. 2x + 3y – 7 = 0 1A
45 1
(b) Slope of AH = =
4 (4) 8
∵ BC is perpendicular to AH,
∴ slope of BC × slope of AH = –1
1
slope of BC × = –1 1M
8
slope of BC = 8
∴ The equation of BC is
y – 7 = 8(x – 6) 1M
y – 7 = 8x – 48
i.e. 8x – y – 41 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=10>
[10116252]
In the figure, the equation of the straight line L is y = 3x. A and C lie on L and the x-axis
respectively such that AC is perpendicular to L. The point B(3 , 2) lies on AC.
(a) Find the equation of AC.
(b) Find the coordinates of the two points A and C.
(c) Find the area of △ AOB.
(10 marks)
Solution:
(a) Slope of L = 3
∵ AC is perpendicular to L,
∴ slope of AC × slope of L = –1
slope of AC × 3 = –1 1M
1
slope of AC = –
3
∵ B lies on AC,
∴ the equation of AC is
1
y – 2 = – (x – 3) 1M
3
3y – 6 = –x + 3
i.e. x + 3y – 9 = 0 1A
(c) OC = 9
27
Distance from A to OC =
10
Distance from B to OC = 2
Area of △ AOB
= area of △ AOC – area of △ BOC
1 27 1
= 9 9 2 1M+1A
2 10 2
63
= 1A
20
Alternative method:
2 2
9 27 9
AO = =
10 10 10
2 2
9 27 7
AB = 3 2 =
10 10 10
∴ Area of △ AOB
1 9 7
= 1M+1A
2 10 10
63
= 1A
20
In the figure, the straight line L1: 2x + y – 8 = 0 cuts the y-axis at the point A. The straight line
L2: x – y + 2 = 0 cuts the y-axis at the point B. L1 and L2 intersect at the point C.
(a) Find the area of △ ABC.
(b) D is a point on L2 such that the area of △ABD is 15. It is given that the x-coordinate of D is
positive. Let BC : CD = 1 : r. Find the value of r.
(7 marks)
Solution:
8
(a) y-intercept of L1 = =8
1
2
y-intercept of L2 = = 2
1
∴ The coordinates of A are (0 , 8). The coordinates of B are (0 , 2). 1A
2 x y 8 0......................................(i)
1M
x y 2 0.......................................(ii )
(i) + (ii): 3x – 6 = 0
3x = 6
x=2
Substituting x = 2 into (i), we have
2(2) + y – 8 = 0
y=4
∴ The coordinates of C are (2 , 4). 1A
AB = 8 – 2
=6
Distance from C to AB = 2
Area of △ ABC
1
= ×6×2 1M
2
=6 1A
Alternative method:
Area of △ ABD = area of △ ABC + area of △ ACD
Ratio of the area of △ ABC to the area of △ ABD = 1 : (1 + r)
6 1
= 1M
15 1 r
6 + 6r = 15
6r = 9
3
r= 1A
2
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=11>
[10116325]
In the figure, ABCD is a rectangle, where the coordinates of A are (–4 , 2). The equation of the
straight line AD is 2x + y + 6 = 0.
(a) Find the equation of AB and the coordinates of B.
(b) Find the equation of BC and the coordinates of C.
(c) Find the equation of CD and the coordinates of D.
(11 marks)
Solution:
2
(a) Slope of AD = = –2
1
∵ AB is perpendicular to AD,
∴ slope of AB × slope of AD = –1
slope of AB × (–2) = –1 1M
1
slope of AB =
2
In the figure, the coordinates of R are (–4 , –3), the coordinates of P are (p , 2) and the slope of PR
5
is .
9
(a) Find the equation of PR.
(b) Find the value of p.
(c) It is given that RS is an altitude of △ PQR and QR is a vertical line of length 8. Find the area
of △ PQR. Hence, find the length of RS, correct to 3 significant figures.
(12 marks)
Solution:
(a) The equation of PR is
5
y – (–3) = [x – (–4)] 1M
9
9y + 27 = 5x + 20
i.e. 5x – 9y – 7 = 0 1A
Alternative method:
32
Slope of PR =
4 p
5 5
= 1M
9 4 p
20 + 5p = 45
5p = 25
p=5 1A
(c) QR = 8
Distance from P to QR = p – (–4) 1M
=5+4
=9 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=10>
[10116773]
In the figure, the straight line L1 passes through two points P(–3 , 19) and Q(–13 , 7). L2 is the
perpendicular bisector of the line segment PQ.
(a) Find the equation of L2.
(b) It is given that the straight line L3 passes through the origin O and has no points of
intersection with L1.
(i) Find the equation of L3.
(ii) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of L2 and L3.
(10 marks)
Solution:
19 7 6
(a) Slope of L1 = = 1M
3 (13) 5
∵ L2 is perpendicular to L1,
∴ slope of L2 × slope of L1 = –1
6
slope of L2 × = –1 1M
5
5
slope of L2 =
6
5 x 6 y 38 0.............................................(1)
(ii) 6
y x..........................................................(2)
5
Substituting (2) into (1), we have
6
5x + 6 x – 38 = 0 1M
5
61x = 190
190
x=
61
190
Substituting x = into (2), we have
61
6 190
y=
5 61
228
=
61
190 228
∴ The coordinates of the point of intersection of L2 and L3 are , . 1A
61 61
In the figure, A, B and C are the vertices of △ ABC. The coordinates of A are (2 , 5). D is a point on
AB such that CD ⊥ AB. E is a point on the x-axis such that AE = EC. The equation of CD is
x + y + 1 = 0 and the equation of BE is x – 7y – 3 = 0.
(a) Find the equation of AB.
(b) Find the coordinates of B.
(c) Find the coordinates of C. Hence, find the equation of BC.
(10 marks)
Solution:
1
(a) Slope of CD = = –1
1
∵ AB is perpendicular to CD,
∴ slope of AB × slope of CD = –1
slope of AB × (–1) = –1 1M
slope of AB = 1
The equation of AB is
y–5=x–2 1M
i.e. x – y + 3 = 0 1A
x y 3 0..........................................(i)
(b)
x 7 y 3 0.......................................(ii )
(i) – (ii): 6y + 6 = 0 1M
6y = –6
y = –1
Substituting y = –1 into (i), we have
x – (–1) + 3 = 0
x = –4
∴ The coordinates of B are (–4 , –1). 1A
(c) When y = 0,
x – 7(0) – 3 = 0
x=3
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.107
∴ The coordinates of E are (3 , 0). 1A
Let (c , d) be the coordinates of C.
∵ AE = EC
2c
∴ 3= 1M
2
6=2+c
c=4
5d
0=
2
d = –5
∴ The coordinates of C are (4 , –5). 1A
The equation of BC is
y (1) 5 (1)
= 1M
x (4) 4 (4)
y 1 1
=
x4 2
2y + 2 = –x – 4
i.e. x + 2y + 6 = 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=10>
[10117023]
The equations of two straight lines L1 and L2 are given below:
L1: 3x + 7y + p = 0 (where p is a constant)
L2: 4x – qy + 11 = 0 (where q is a constant)
In each of the following, find the values of p and q.
(a) L1 and L2 have infinitely many points of intersection.
(b) L1 and L2 have no points of intersection.
(c) L1 and L2 have one point of intersection.
(10 marks)
Solution:
3 p
(a) Slope of L1 = , y-intercept of L1 = . 1M
7 7
4 4 11 11
Slope of L2 = = , y-intercept of L2 = = . 1M
q q q q
∵ L1 and L2 have infinitely many points of intersection,
∴ slope of L1 = slope of L2 and y-intercept of L1 = y-intercept of L2.
3 4
∴ = 1M
7 q
–3q = 28
28
q= 1A
3
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.108
p 11
and = 1M
7 q
p 11
=
7 28
3
33
p= 1A
4
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=8>
[10117136]
In a rectangular coordinate plane, the coordinates of the points A and B are (12 , 3) and (2 , 9)
respectively. A is rotated anticlockwise about the origin O through 90° to C.
(a) Find the equation of AC.
(b) Are A, B and C collinear? Explain your answer.
(c) D is a point on AC such that OD ⊥ AC. Find the coordinates of D.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) Coordinates of C = (–3 , 12) 1A
The equation of AC is
y 3 12 3
= 1M
x 12 3 12
y 3 3
=
x 12 5
5y – 15 = –3x + 36
i.e. 3x + 5y – 51 = 0 1A
Alternative method:
93 3
Slope of AB = = 1M
2 12 5
3
Slope of AC =
5
∵ Slope of AB = slope of AC
∴ A, B and C are collinear. 1A
(b) ∵ AP = PB
∴ [k ( 7)]2 ( p 2) 2 = (k 3)2 ( p 10)2 1M
(k + 7)2 + (5 – k – 2)2 = (k – 3)2 + (5 – k – 10)2
(k + 7)2 + (–k + 3)2 = (k – 3)2 + (–k – 5)2
k2 + 14k + 49 + k2 – 6k + 9 = k2 – 6k + 9 + k2 + 10k + 25 1M
4k = –24
k = –6 1A
p = 5 – (–6) = 11
∴ The coordinates of P are (–6 , 11). 1A
(a) Write down the equation of the straight line L in intercept form. Give the answer in terms of
a.
(b) If the point (–2 , 3) lies on L,
(i) find the equation of L;
(ii) does the point (– 4 , – 10) lie on L? Explain your answer.
(7 marks)
Solution:
x y
(a) The equation of L is 1. 1A
2a a
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=7>
[10117288]
3
(a) Find the equation of the straight line which passes through (2 , 6) and has slope .
2
(b) Find the x-intercept and y-intercept of the straight line in (a).
(7 marks)
(b) When x = 0, 2y – 18 = 0 1M
y=9
When y = 0, 3x – 18 = 0 1M
x=6
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=7>
[10117318]
In the figure, the straight line L passes through two points (2 , 3) and (– 1 , – 4).
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=8>
[10117340]
Straight line L1 passes through the point (2 , 4) and is parallel to the y-axis. Straight line L2 passes
through the point (–3 , 6) and is parallel to the x-axis.
(a) Find the equation of L1.
(b) Find the equation of L2.
(c) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of L1 and L2.
(d) If the point (a , –2a) lies on L1, find the coordinates of the point.
(8 marks)
Solution:
(a) L1 // y-axis
(b) L2 // x-axis
1
(c) Area of △PQR = (PR)(OQ) 1M
2
1 7
= 4 (3) 1M
2 8
11
= 4 1A
16
1
(b) (i) Slope of L1 = 1A
3
(ii) L1 ⊥ L2
1
Slope of L2 = 3 1M+1A
1
3
(iii) The equation of L2 is
y + 2 = 3(x – 0) 1M
i.e. 3x y 2 0 1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=10>
[10117767]
In the figure, OABC is a parallelogram where point A lies on the y-axis. The coordinates of C are
(2 , – 4) and the length of BC is 6.
(b) The equation of the straight line passing through the origin and C(2 , 4) is
y 0 0 (4)
x0 02
i.e. y 2 x 1M+1A
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=11>
[10117797]
The equations of two straight lines L1 and L2 are given below:
L1 : x + ay – 1 = 0 (where a is a constant)
L2 : 3x – 5y + b = 0 (where b is a constant)
In each of the following cases, find the range of possible values of a and b such that L1 and L2
satisfy the specific condition.
(a) L1 and L2 have infinitely many points of intersection.
(b) L1 and L2 have no points of intersection.
(c) L1 and L2 have one point of intersection.
(11 marks)
Solution:
1 1 1
Slope of L1 = , y-intercept of L1 = 1M
a a a
3 3 b b
Slope of L2 = , y-intercept of L2 = 1M
5 5 5 5
(a) L1 and L2 have infinitely many points of intersection.
Slope of L1 = slope of L2 and
y-intercept of L1 = y-intercept of L2 1M
1 3 1 b
and
a 5 a 5
3 b
3a 5
5 5
5
a b 3 1A+1A
3
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=11>
[10117816]
In the figure, O (0 , 0), A (3 , 5) and B (9 , 1) are three points in a rectangular coordinate plane. The
point C lies on the perpendicular bisector of AB such that OC is parallel to AB. Find
(a) the equation of the perpendicular bisector of AB,
(b) the equation of OC,
(c) the coordinates of C.
(11 marks)
Solution:
(a) Let m be the slope of the perpendicular bisector of AB.
1 5
Slope of AB
93
2
1M
3
2
m 1 1M
3
3
m 1A
2
3 9 5 1
The coordinates of the mid -point of AB are , , i.e. (6 , 3). 1M
2 2
The equation of the perpendicular bisector is
3
y 3 ( x 6) 1M
2
2( y 3) 3( x 6)
2 y 6 3x 18
i.e. 3x – 2y – 12 = 0 1A
3x 2 y 12 0.............(i)
(c) 2 1M
y x........................(ii)
3
Substituting (ii) into (i), we have
2
3x 2( x) 12 0
3
9 x 4 x 36 0
13x 36
36
x
13
36
Substituting x into (ii), we have
13
2 36
y
3 13
24
13
36 24
The coordinates of C are , . 1M+1A
13 13
53 8
(b) (i) Slope of RQ = 2 1A
40 4
1 1
(ii) Slope of PA = 1M+1A
2 2
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=L2><mark=12>
[10117944]
In the figure, straight lines L and L1 intersect at point A on the y-axis; L and straight line L2
intersect at B and are perpendicular to each other. It is given that the equation of L is
x – 2y + 8 = 0.
4
(c) Slope of L1 = ≠ 2 = slope of L2
3
1 1
(b) (i) Slope of RS = 1M+1A
3 3
60 3
Slope of RQ = 1A
04 2
1 2
Slope of PA = 1M
3 3
2
The equation of PA is
2
y 0 ( x 2) 1M
3
i.e. 2 x 3 y 4 0 1A
4
Putting x = 0, y = into 2x + 3y – 4 = 0, we have:
3
4
L.H.S. = 2(0) + 3 4 = 0 = R.H.S.
3
T lies on PA. 1A
(2) The three altitudes of the triangle are PA, RS and QO.
The three altitudes of △PQR pass through the same point T. 1A
Multiple-choice Questions
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10118100]
The straight line L passes through (7 , 5). L cuts the x-axis and the y-axis at (a , 0) and (0 , a)
respectively. Find the value of a.
A. –12
B. –2
C. 2
D. 12
Solution:
The answer is D.
50 a0
=
7a 0a
5
= –1
7a
5 = –7 + a
a = 12
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10118221]
Find the equation of the straight line passing through (2 , 3) and with x-intercept 5.
A. x + y + 5 = 0
B. x + y – 5 = 0
C. x – y – 1 = 0
D. x – y + 1 = 0
Solution:
The answer is B.
The equation of the straight line is
y 3 03
=
x2 52
y 3
= –1
x2
y – 3 = –x + 2
x+y–5=0
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10118408]
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10118435]
In the figure, the straight lines L1 and L2 have the same x-intercept and L1 L2. The inclination of
L1 is 30. Find the equation of L2.
A. 3x y 2 3 0
B. 3x y 2 3 0
C. x 3y 2 0
D. x 3y 2 0
Solution:
The answer is A.
1
Slope of L1 = tan 30 =
3
∵ L2 L1
∴ Slope of L2 slope of L1 = –1
1
Slope of L2 = –1
3
Slope of L2 = 3
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.129
The equation of L2 is
y – 0 = 3 [x – (–2)]
y = 3x 2 3
3x y 2 3 0
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10118623]
The inclination of the straight line L is 45 and L passes though (4 , 8). Find the equation of L.
A. x – y + 4 = 0
B. x–y–4=0
C. x–y+8=0
D. x + y – 12 = 0
Solution:
The answer is A.
Slope of L = tan 45 = 1
The equation of L is
y – 8 = 1(x – 4)
y–8=x–4
x–y+4=0
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10118683]
If the straight line L: 5x + 7y + 35 = 0 cuts the x-axis and the y-axis at A and B respectively, find
the equation of the straight line passing through the mid-point of AB and the origin.
A. 5x – 7y = 0
B. 5x + 7y = 0
C. 7x – 5y = 0
D. 7x + 5y = 0
Solution:
The answer is A.
35
x-intercept of L = = –7
5
35
y-intercept of L = = –5
7
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10118830]
The straight line 13x + 5y – 65 = 0 cuts the x-axis and the y-axis at A and B respectively. If O is the
origin, find the area of △OAB.
13
A.
2
65
B.
2
C. 13
D. 65
Solution:
The answer is B.
65
x-intercept of the straight line = =5
13
65
y-intercept of the straight line = = 13
5
∴ The coordinates of A and B are (5 , 0) and (0 , 13) respectively.
Area of △OAB
1
= OA OB
2
1
= 5 13
2
65
=
2
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10118870]
x y
Which of the following straight lines is parallel to the straight line L: 2?
3 4
A. 3x – 4y + 6 = 0
B. 3x + 4y – 8 = 0
C. 4x – 3y + 5 = 0
D. 4x + 3y – 10 = 0
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.132
Solution:
The answer is D.
x y
=2
3 4
12 x 12 y
= 24
3 4
4x + 3y – 24 = 0
4
Slope of L =
3
3 3
For A, the slope = =
4 4
3
For B, the slope =
4
4 4
For C, the slope = =
3 3
4
For D, the slope =
3
∵ The slope of 4x + 3y – 10 = 0 is equal to the slope of L.
∴ The answer is D.
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10118899]
Which of the following straight lines is perpendicular to the straight line L: 2y – 5x = 15?
5
A. y = x
2
2
B. y = x
5
2
C. y = x
5
5
D. y = x
2
Solution:
The answer is B.
2y – 5x = 15 can be written as 5x – 2y + 15 = 0.
5 5
Slope of L = =
2 2
Let m be the slope of the straight line perpendicular to L.
5
m = –1
2
2
m=
5
∴ The answer is B.
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10119072]
The x-intercept of the straight line L1: ax + 8y + 16 = 0 is –8. The straight line L2: 3x + by – 6 = 0 is
parallel to L1. Find the values of a and b.
A. a = 1, b = –24
B. a = 1, b = 24
C. a = 2, b = –12
D. a = 2, b = 12
Solution:
The answer is D.
x-intercept of L1 = –8
16
= –8
a
a=2
Slope of L1 = slope of L2
2 3
=
8 b
b = 12
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10119238]
The coordinates of two points A and B are (–1 , 6) and (1 , –2) respectively. If P is a point lying on
the straight line 2x + y + 7 = 0 such that AP = PB, find the coordinates of P.
A. (–4 , 1)
B. (–3.5 , 0)
C. (0 , –7)
D. (1 , –4)
Solution:
The answer is A.
Let (h , k) be the coordinates of P.
∵ P lies on 2x + y + 7 = 0.
∴ 2h + k + 7 = 0
k = –2h – 7
The coordinates of P are (h , –2h – 7).
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10119280]
If a > 0, b < 0 and c > 0, which of the following graphs represents the straight line bx + cy = a?
A. B.
C. D.
Solution:
The answer is A.
bx + cy = a can be written as bx + cy – a = 0.
a a
x-intercept of the straight line = = <0
b b
a a
y-intercept of the straight line = = >0
c c
∴ The answer is A.
C. D.
Solution:
The answer is C.
x y x y
1 can be written as 1.
a b a b
x-intercept of the straight line = –a > 0
y-intercept of the straight line = –b < 0
∴ The answer is C.
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10119867]
The figure shows the graph of the straight line L: ax + y + b = 0. Which of the following are true?
I. a > 0
II. b<0
III. a+b>0
A. I and II only
B. I and III only
C. II and III only
D. I, II and III
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10119959]
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10120041]
In the figure, the equation of the straight line L1 is 6x – 7y + 24 = 0. The straight line L2 passes
through (–5 , 7) and (11 , 5). Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of L1 and L2.
A. (3 , 6)
B. (4 , 6)
C. (6 , 3)
D. (8 , 6)
Solution:
The answer is A.
The equation of L2 is
y 5 75
=
x 11 5 11
y 5 1
=
x 11 8
8y – 40 = –x + 11
x + 8y – 51 = 0
6 x 7 y 24 0 ........................(1)
x 8 y 51 0 ..........................(2)
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10120052]
Which of the following straight lines intersects the straight line L: 2x + 5y – 30 = 0 at infinitely
many points?
A. 2x – 5y = 0
B. 5x – 2y + 12 = 0
C. 4x + 10y – 36 = 0
x y
D. 1
15 6
Solution:
The answer is D.
2
Slope of L =
5
30
y-intercept of L = =6
5
2 2
A: Slope = = , y-intercept = 0
5 5
5 5 12
B: Slope = = , y-intercept = =6
2 2 2
4 2 36 18
C: Slope = = , y-intercept = =
10 5 10 5
x y
D: =1
15 6
30 x 30 y
= 30
15 6
2x + 5y – 30 = 0
x y x y
1 can be written as the same equation of L. 1 and L have the same slope
15 6 15 6
and the same y-intercept.
∴ The answer is D.
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10120492]
In the figure, the straight lines L1 and L2 are parallel to each other. The inclination of L1 is 60° and
the x-intercept of L2 is 4. Find the equation of L2.
A. x 3y 4 0
B. x 3y 4 0
C. 3x y 4 3 0
D. 3x y 4 3 0
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10120770]
In the figure, the straight lines L1: y = ax + b and L2: y = cx + d intersect at a point on the positive
y-axis. Which of the following must be true?
A. ab > 0
B. cd < 0
C. b = d
D. ad = bc
Solution:
The answer is C.
A: Slope of L1 = a < 0
y-intercept of L1 = b > 0
∴ ab < 0
∴ A is not true.
B: Slope of L2 = c > 0
y-intercept of L2 = d > 0
∴ cd > 0
∴ B is not true.
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.144
C: ∵ L1 and L2 intersect at a point on the positive y-axis,
∴ y-intercept of L1 = y-intercept of L2
i.e. b=d
∴ C must be true.
D: ∵ Slope of L1 slope of L2
∴ ac
i.e. ad bc
∴ D is not true.
∴ The answer is C.
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10120816]
In the figure, the equations of the straight lines L1 and L2 are x + ay = b and cx + y = d respectively.
Which of the following are true?
I. a>0
II. ac > 1
III. b > ad
IV. d > bc
A. I, II and III only
B. I, II and IV only
C. I, III and IV only
D. II, III and IV only
Solution:
The answer is A.
1 b
Rewrite x + ay = b as y = x .
a a
1
Slope of L1 =
a
b
y-intercept of L1 =
a
When y = 0, x = b.
∴ x-intercept of L1 = b
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.145
Rewrite cx + y = d as y = –cx + d.
Slope of L2 = –c
y-intercept of L2 = d
d
When y = 0, x = .
c
d
∴ x-intercept of L2 =
c
I: From the figure,
slope of L1 < 0
1
<0
a
a >0
∴ I is true.
II: From the figure,
slope of L2 < 0
–c < 0
c >0
Slope of L1 > slope of L2
1
> –c
a
1
(–a) < (–c)(–a) (∵ a > 0)
a
ac > 1
∴ II is true.
III: From the figure,
y-intercept of L1 > y-intercept of L2
b
>d
a
b > ad (∵ a > 0)
∴ III is true.
IV: From the figure,
x-intercept of L1 > x-intercept of L2
d
b>
c
bc > d (∵ c > 0)
∴ IV is not true.
∴ Only I, II and III are true.
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10121001]
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10121015]
Which of the following straight lines is perpendicular to the straight line x + 4y – 7 = 0?
A. 4x + y – 5 = 0
B. 4x – y + 5 = 0
C. x + 4y + 5 = 0
D. –x + 4y – 5 = 0
Solution:
The answer is B.
1
The slope of the straight line x + 4y – 7 = 0 is .
4
1
Slope of the required straight line = =4
1
4
1
A: Slope of the straight line =
4
4
B: Slope of the straight line = =4
1
1
C: Slope of the straight line =
4
1
D: Slope of the straight line = =
1
4 4
∴ The required straight line is 4x – y + 5 = 0.
In the figure, the y-intercepts of the straight lines L1 and L2 are both 4, and the x-intercepts of the
straight lines L1 and L3 are both 1. If L2 is parallel to L3, which of the following is/are true?
1
I. The slope of L1 is .
4
II. L2 and L3 have no points of intersection.
III. The point (–1 , 10) lies on L1.
A. I only
B. II only
C. III only
D. I and III only
Solution:
The answer is B.
40
I: Slope of L1 = = –4
0 1
II: L2 is parallel to L3.
∴ L2 and L3 have no points of intersection.
III: The equation of L1 is
y = –4x + 4
i.e. 4x + y – 4 = 0
Substituting (–1 , 10) into 4x + y – 4 = 0, we have
L.H.S. = 4(–1) + 10 – 4 = 2
∵ L.H.S. R.H.S.
∴ The point (–1 , 10) does not lie on L1.
∴ Only II is true.
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10121327]
Find the equation of the straight line which is parallel to the straight line 7x – 2y – 6 = 0 and passes
through the point (–2 , –3).
A. 2x + 7y + 25 = 0
B. 7x – 2y – 4 = 0
C. 7x – 2y + 8 = 0
D. 7x – 2y + 20 = 0
Solution:
The answer is C.
7 7
For the straight line 7x – 2y – 6 = 0, the slope = = .
2 2
7
Slope of the required straight line =
2
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10121457]
The coordinates of A are (3 , –9). A is reflected in the x-axis to B. B is then rotated clockwise about
the origin through 90° to C. Find the equation of BC.
A. x – y + 12 = 0
B. x+y+6=0
C. 2x – y + 3 = 0
D. 2x + y – 15 = 0
Solution:
The answer is D.
Coordinates of B = (3 , 9)
Coordinates of C = (9 , –3)
The equation of BC is
y 9 39
=
x3 93
y 9
= –2
x3
y – 9 = –2x + 6
i.e. 2x + y – 15 = 0
C. D.
Solution:
The answer is C.
a
Slope of the straight line =
3
a<0
Slope of the straight line > 0
5 5
y-intercept of the straight line = >0
3 3
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10121614]
If 8x – 2(k – 1)y – 7 = 0 and 2kx – 6y + 5 = 0 are the equations of a pair of parallel lines, then k =
A. – 4.
B. 4.
C. 3 or –4.
D. –3 or 4.
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.155
Solution:
The answer is D.
The two straight lines are parallel.
The slopes are the same.
8 2k
i.e.
2(k 1) 6
4 k
k 1 3
12 k (k 1)
k 2 k 12 0
(k 3)(k 4) 0
k 3 or k 4
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10121799]
The equation of the perpendicular bisector of the line segment joining (2 , –1) and (4 , –2) is
A. 5x + y – 20 = 0.
B. 4x – 2y – 15 = 0.
C. 3x + 4y – 8 = 0.
D. 2x – 3y + 12 = 0.
Solution:
The answer is B.
1 (2) 1
Slope of the straight line passing through (2 , 1) and (4 , 2) =
24 2
1
Slope of the perpendicular bisector = =2
1
2
The coordinates of the mid-point of (2 , 1) and (4 , 2)
2 4 1 (2) 3
are , 3 , .
2 2 2
Equation of the perpendicular bisector:
3
y
2 =2
x 3
i.e. 4 x 2 y 15 0
A. m > 0, c > 0
B. m > 0, c < 0
C. m < 0, c > 0
D. m < 0, c < 0
Solution:
The answer is A.
From the graph, the slope and the y-intercept are larger than 0.
m > 0, c > 0
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10122000]
If the line y = mx + c is perpendicular to the line y = 3 – 4x, then m =
A. – 4.
1
B. .
6
1
C. .
4
D. 6.
Solution:
The answer is C.
The slope of the straight line y = 3 – 4x is – 4.
The straight line y = mx + c and y = 3 – 4x are perpendicular to each other.
m(4) = 1
1
m=
4
C. D.
Solution:
The answer is D.
a a
Slope of the straight line =
b b
a < 0, b > 0
Slope of the straight line < 0
2 2
y-intercept of the straight line =
b b
b>0
y-intercept < 0
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10122092]
x y
Which of the following straight lines is perpendicular to the straight line = 1?
4 3
A. 4x – 3y + 1 = 0
B. 4x + 3y – 1 = 0
C. 3x – 4y + 2 = 0
D. 3x + 4y – 1 = 0
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10122232]
If the straight lines 3x + 2y – 1 = 0 and 4x – ky + 1 = 0 are perpendicular to each other, find k.
A. 3
B. – 3
C. 6
D. – 6
Solution:
The answer is C.
L1: 3x + 2y – 1 = 0
3
Slope of L1 =
2
L2 :4x – ky + 1 = 0
4 4
Slope of L2 =
k k
L1 ⊥ L2
Slope of L1‧slope of L2 = 1
3 4
1
2 k
k 6
p = 0 , q =1
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10122454]
In the figure, P, Q and R are points on a rectangular coordinate plane. PR and QR are parallel to
the x-axis and y-axis respectively. If the coordinates of R are (–1 , 2) and the equation of the
straight line is 2x + y – 4 = 0, find the distance between P and Q.
A. 5
B. 2 5
C. 19
D. 15
When x = 1, 2 + y 4 = 0
y=6
When y = 2, 2x + 2 4 = 0
2x = 2
x=1
The coordinates of P are (1 , 2) and the coordinates of Q are (1 , 6).
PQ = 1 (1)2 (2 6) 2 4 16 20 2 5
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[10122507]
14023011
In the figure, the straight lines L1 and L2 intersect at (–1 , 2). Find the equation of L2.
A. x + 2y + 5 = 0
B. x – 2y + 5 = 0
C. 2x + y – 5 = 0
D. 2x – y – 5 = 0
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[10122539]
If the straight line x + 2y – k = 0 passes through the point of intersection of two straight
lines x + y + 1 = 0 and x – y – 3 = 0, find k.
A. 2
B. –2
C. 3
D. –3
Solution:
The answer is D.
x y 1 0....................(1)
x y 3 0....................(2)
(1) – (2):
(x + y + 1) (x y 3) = 0
2y = 4
y= 2
Putting y = 2 into (1), we have
x + (2) + 1 = 0
x=1
The point of intersection is (1 , 2).
(1 , 2) passes through x + 2y k = 0.
1 + 2(2) k = 0
k =3
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[10122649]
If the equation of the straight line L is 2x + y – 1 = 0, then the equation of the straight line passing
through (–1 , 3) and perpendicular to L is
A. x + 2y + 7 = 0.
B. x – 2y + 7 = 0.
C. x – 2y – 7 = 0.
D. x + 2y – 7 = 0.
Solution:
The answer is B.
Slope of L = 2
1 1
Slope of the required straight line
2 2
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.163
The required equation is
y 3 1
x 1 2
i.e. x 2 y 7 0
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[10122774]
The figure shows the graph of the straight line ax – by – 1 = 0. Which of the following is true?
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[10122883]
Straight line L passes through (–7 , 1) and both of its x-intercept and y-intercept are equal to k, find
the value of k.
A. – 10
B. – 6
C. 6
D. 10
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[10122890]
In the figure, the equation of the straight line L is 2x – y + 4 = 0. Find the length of OR.
A. 5
4 5
B.
5
C. 2 5
D. 3 5
Solution:
The answer is B.
When x = 0, 2(0) y + 4 = 0
y=4
When y = 0, 2x 0 + 4 = 0
x=–2
1
2
1
Area of △OPQ (2)(4) 4 (OR) 42 22
2
1
4 (OR) 20
2
8
OR
20
4 5
OR
5
In the figure, PQRS is a square. Given that the coordinates of point Q is (1 , – 4) and the equation
of PS is 2x – y + 4 = 0, find the equation of PQ.
A. 2x – y + 7 = 0
B. 2x + y + 7 = 0
C. x – 2y + 7 = 0
D. x + 2y + 7 = 0
Solution:
The answer is D.
PS ⊥ PQ
Slope of PS‧slope of PQ = 1
2‧slope of PQ = 1
1
slope of PQ =
2
The equation of PQ is
y4 1
x 1 2
x 2y 7 0
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[10123250]
In the figure, the coordinates of A and B are (– 4 , 4) and (– 6 , 0) respectively and the three
altitudes of △AOB intersect at a point C. The coordinates of C are
A. (– 2 , 1).
B. (– 4 , 2).
C. (– 1 , – 3).
D. (2 , – 4).
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.167
Solution:
The answer is B.
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[10123409]
Which of the following straight lines intersects the straight line 2x + 3y – 6 = 0 at infinitely many
points?
A. 2x + 3y = 0
x y
B. 1
3 2
C. 3x – 2y = 0
x y
D. 0
2 2
Solution:
The answer is B.
Two straight lines with equal slope and y-intercept have infinitely many points of intersection.
L : 2x + 3y 6 = 0
2
Slope of L =
3
6
y-intercept = =2
3
x y
1
3 2
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[10123644]
For two given points A(2 , 4) and B(1 , – 3), which of the following straight lines is perpendicular
to AB?
A. x + 7y + 1 = 0
B. x – 7y – 1 = 0
C. 7x + y = 0
y
D. x =0
7
Solution:
The answer is A.
3 4 7
Slope of AB = 7
1 2 1
1
Slope of the straight line which is perpendicular to AB =
7
1
The slope of x + 7y + 1 = 0 is .
7
x + 7y + 1 = 0 is perpendicular to AB.
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[10123650]
The slope of a straight line is – 2. If its x-intercept is – 1, then its y-intercept is
A. 2.
B. – 2.
C. 0.
1
D. .
2
Solution:
The answer is B.
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[10123724]
If A(1 , 1) lies on the straight line joining B(2 , k) and C(4 , 9), then k =
29
A. .
5
31
B. .
7
29
C. .
5
31
D. .
7
Solution:
The answer is A.
A, B, C lie on the same straight line.
9 1 k 1
4 1 2 1
5k 5 24
5k 29
29
k
5
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[10123816]
PQRS is a parallelogram. Three of the vertices are P(0 , 0), Q(p , q) and R(p + q, p – q). The
coordinates of the mid-point of the diagonal QS are
p q
A. , .
2 2
pq pq
B. , .
2 2
q p
C. , .
2 2
2 p q p 2q
D. , .
2 2
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[10124189]
A. I only
B. II only
C. I and II only
D. I and III only
Solution:
The answer is B.
1
Slope of L1 =
2
1
Slope of L2 =
2
2
Slope of L3 = = 2
1
Slope of L1 = slope of L2
L1 // L2
Slope of L1‧slope of L3 = 1
L1 ⊥ L3
Slope of L2‧slope of L3 = 1
L2 ⊥ L3
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[10124513]
P(2 , 5), Q(4 , –1) and R(–4 , 3) are three points on a rectangular coordinate plane. A and B are the
midpoints of PQ and PR respectively. Find the equation of the straight line which passes through P
and is perpendicular to AB.
A. 2x + y – 1 = 0
B. 2x – y + 1 = 0
C. 2x – y – 1 = 0
D. 2x + y + 1 = 0
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.172
Solution:
The answer is B.
2 4 5 1
A= , = (3 , 2)
2 2
2 4 53
B= , = (1 , 4)
2 2
2 4 2 1
Slope of AB =
3 1 4 2
Slope of the straight line which is perpendicular to AB = 2
The required equation is
y 5
=2
x2
i.e. 2x y + 1 = 0
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[10124691]
O(0 , 0), P(0 , – 4) and Q(5 , 0) are three points on a rectangular coordinate plane. A is a point on
PQ such that OA divides △OPQ into 2 parts with the same area. Find the equation of the straight
line OA.
A. 5x – 4y = 0
B. 5x + 4y = 0
C. 4x – 5y = 0
D. 4x + 5y = 0
Solution:
The answer is D.
1
Area of △OPQ = (5)(4) = 10
2
1
Area of △OPA = area of △OPQ
2
1 1
(OP)(a) (10)
2 2
1
(4)a 5
2
5
a=
2
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.173
1
Area of △OAQ = area of △OPQ
2
1 1
(OQ)(b) (10)
2 2
1
(5)b 5
2
b 2
5
A = , 2
2
The equation of OA is
y0 20
x0 5
0
2
4x 5 y 0
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[10125111]
L1 : k(x + 2) + y = 0
L2 : 2x – y = 0
L3 : 2x + y 8 = 0
The three straight lines above intersect at point A. Find the value of k.
A. – 1
1
B.
3
C. 0
D. 1
Solution:
The answer is A.
2 x y 0....................(1)
2 x y 8 0....................(2)
(1) + (2):
4x 8 = 0
x=2
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.174
Putting x = 2 into (1), we have
2(2) y = 0
y=4
The coordinates of A are (2 , 4).
Putting x = 2 and y = 4 into the equation of L1, we have
k(2 + 2) + 4 = 0
4k + 4 = 0
k = –1
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[10125198]
In the figure, the straight line L1 : 2x + y + 8 = 0 intersects the y-axis at point P(0 , –8). L2 is a
horizontal line between the origin and P. Suppose the equation of L2 is y = k. Express the
coordinates of the point of intersection of L1 and L2 in terms of k.
k 8
A. , k
2
k 8
B. , k
2
k 8
C. , k
2
8k
D. , k
2
Solution:
The answer is B.
Putting y = k into L1, we have
2x k 8 0
k 8
x
2
k 8
The required coordinates are , k .
2
2 4 3 5
P ,
2 2
(1 , 1)
3 3
Slope of L =
2 2
The required equation is
y 1 3
x 1 2
3x 2 y 5 0
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[10125295]
The coordinates of the points P and Q are (6 , –3) and (–4 , 1) respectively. The equation of the
perpendicular bisector of PQ is
A. 2x + 5y + 3 = 0.
B. 2x – 5y – 13 = 0.
C. 5x + 2y + 7 = 0.
D. 5x – 2y – 7 = 0.
Solution:
The answer is D.
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.176
Mid-point of PQ
6 (4) (3) 1
,
2 2
(1 , 1)
Slope of PQ
1 (3)
46
2
5
Let the slope of the perpendicular bisector of PQ be m.
2
m 1
5
5
m
2
The equation of the perpendicular bisector of PQ is
5
y (1) ( x 1)
2
2( y 1) 5( x 1)
2 y 2 5x 5
i.e. 5x 2 y 7 0
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[10125413]
x
If the straight lines 4 y 3 and y + px + q = 0 are parallel, then p =
p
A. 2 or –2.
1 1
B. or .
2 2
1
C. 2 or .
2
D. 1 or –1.
Solution:
The answer is B.
x
Slope of 4y 3
p
1
p
4
1
4p
OXFORD UNIVERSITY PRESS 2014 4A Chapter 2 P.177
Slope of y px q 0
p
1
p
The two given lines are parallel.
Their slopes are equal.
1
i.e. p
4p
1
p2
4
1 1
p or
2 2
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[10125471]
If a, b and c are all positive, which of the following represents the graph of ax = by – c?
A. B.
C. D.
Solution:
The answer is B.
ax by c
i.e. ax by c 0
a a
Slope = 0
b b
The line slopes upward from left to right.
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[10125498]
Find the equation of the straight line which passes through (3 , 2) and is perpendicular to the
x-axis.
A. x = 2
B. x=3
C. y = 2
D. y=3
Solution:
The answer is B.
The required line is vertical (parallel to the y-axis, i.e. x = 0)
The required equation is x 3.
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[10125522]
Which of the following straight lines is parallel to the line 2x y + 3 = 0 and
passes through the point (1 , 2)?
A. 2x + y = 0
B. 2x y = 0
C. 2x y 4 = 0
D. x + 2y 3 = 0
Solution:
The answer is C.
Slope of the given line 2 x y 3 0
2
(1)
2
Slope of the required line = 2
The equation of the required line is
y (2) 2( x 1)
y 2 2x 2
i.e. 2 x y 4 0
<bk=4A><ch=2><type=MC><mark=2>
[10125880]
In the figure, the equation of the straight line L is 5x 12y + 30 = 0. Find the shaded area.
A. 3.6
B. 7.2
C. 7.5
D. 15
Solution:
The answer is C.
30
x - intercept 6
5
30
y - intercept 2.5
(12)
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[10125969]
y
B
A(3,6)
C(7,4)
O x
C. D.
Solution:
The answer is D.
y = ax b
i.e. ax – y + b = 0
a
Slope of the line a0
(1)
The line slopes downward from left to right.
b
y-intercept b0
(1)
The graph in D represents y = ax + b.