Total: 70 marks Time: 1.

5 hours
1. Solve the equation 7e− x − 25 − 12e x = 0 .
(3 marks)
Solution
7e− x − 25 − 12e x = 0
7 − 25e x − 12e2 x = 0
12(e x ) 2 + 25e x − 7 = 0 1M
(4e x − 1)(3e x + 7) = 0
1 7
ex = or ex = − (rejected) 1A
4 3
1
x = ln
4
= − ln 4 1A

2. Let f ( x) = xk 3 x for all x > 0, where k is a constant.

If f (9) = 2 f (4) , find k
(2 marks)

Solution
9k 3 9 = 2[4k 3 4 ]
9k (27) = 2(4 k )(9)
9k 2
=
4k 3
2k
3 2
  = 1M
2 3
2k = −1
−1
k= 1A
2
3. Solve the equation [ln( x − 2)]2 = 3ln( x 2 − 4 x + 4) .
(3 marks)
Solution
[ln( x − 2)]2 = 3ln( x 2 − 4 x + 4)
[ln( x − 2)]2 = 6 ln( x − 2) 1M
[ln( x − 2)] − 6 ln( x − 2) = 0
2

[ln( x − 2)][ln( x − 2) − 6] = 0
ln( x − 2) = 0 or ln( x − 2) = 6 1A
x − 2 =1 or x − 2 = e6
x = 3 or x = e6 + 2 1A+1A
4. The temperature y (in C) of a lunch box after taking out from a microwave oven for t minutes is given by
y = 20 + 100e − kt , where k is a positive constant. It is known that the lunch box will cool down to 90C after
taking it out from the oven for 5 minutes.
(a) Find k.
(b) After taking the lunch box out from the microwave oven for 20 minutes, what will be the temperature
of the lunch box, correct to the nearest C?
(c) How many minutes will it take for the lunch box to drop below 25C? Explain your answer.
(6 marks)
Solution
(a) When t = 5, y = 90.
 90 = 20 + 100e− k (5) 1M
e−5k = 0.7
−5k = ln 0.7
k = 0.071334988  0.0713 (cor. to 4 d.p.) 1A

(b) When t = 20,

y  20 + 100e −0.071334988(20) 1M
 44
 The temperature of the lunch box will be 44C taking it out from
the microwave oven for 20 minutes. 1A

(c) When y  25 ,

20 + 100e−0.071334988t  25 1M
1
e−0.071334988t 
20
1
−0.071334988t  ln
20
t  41.99527223
 It will take 42 minutes. 1A
5. Let n be a positive integer.
n
If the coefficients of x and x in the binomial expansion of 1 +  are 3 and
x 17
2
respectively, where a
 a 4
is a non-zero constant. Find the values of a and n .
(4 marks)
Solution
n 2
 x n x n x
(a) 1 +  = 1 + C1   + C2   + ... 1M
 a a a
 n
=3
 a
(b)  1M + 1A
 n ( n − 1) 17
=
 2a 2 4
3a(3a − 1) 17
=
2a 2 4
18a − 6 = 17a
a = 6, n = 18 1A
6. (a) Expand 3 − e −8 x in ascending powers of x as far as the term in x 2 .
(b) Find the coefficient of x 2 in the expansion of (1 + 3 x)10 (3 − e −8 x ) .
(5 marks)
Solution

 (−8x)2 
(a) 3 − e−8 x = 3 − 1 + (−8x) + +  1M
 2! 
= 3 − (1 − 8 x + 32 x 2 + )
= 2 + 8 x − 32 x +
2
1A

(b) (1 + 3x)10 = 1 + C110 (3x) + C210 (3x)2 + ... + (3x)10 1M

= 1 + 30 x + 405 x 2 +
 Coefficient of x 2 = (1)(−32) + 30(8) + 405(2) 1M
= 1018 1A
7. A veterinary models the length of a boa by
y = e0.4t + at b + k ,
where a, b and k are constants, y is the length (in cm) of the boa and t ( 0  t  24 ) is the number of months
elapsed since it is born. It is given that the length of the boa was 40 cm when it was born.
(a) Find the value of k.
(b) Express ln ( y − e0.4t − k ) as a linear function of lnt .
(c) It is given that the intercept on the vertical axis of the graph of the linear function obtained in (b) is
ln 4 and the graph passes through the point ( ln 2, 3.5ln 2 ) . Find a and b.
(6 marks)
Solution
(a) When t = 0, y = 40 .

e0 + a(0)b + k = 40
k = 39
1A
(b)
y = e0.4t + at b + 39
y − 39 − e0.4t = at b 1M
ln( y − 39 − e0.4t ) = ln a + b ln t
 ln( y − 39 − e0.4t ) = ln a + b ln t 1A

(c) ln a = Intercept on the vertical axis of the graph = ln 4

 a=4 1A
 The graph passes through (ln2, 3.5ln2).
 Slope:

3.5ln 2 − ln 4
b= 1M
ln 2 − 0
= 1.5 1A
 4
8. Let P = for t  0 , where a and b are non-zero constants.
1−bt
a +1
4 
(a) Express ln  −1 as a linear function of t .
P 
(b) If the graph of the linear function obtained in (a) passes through the point (1, − 2 ln 2) and the intercept
on the vertical axis of the graph is ln 4 , find a and b .
(4 marks)
Solution
4 
(a) ln  − 1 = ln(a1−bt ) 1M
P 
= (1 − bt ) ln(a)
= ln(a) − (b ln a)t 1A
(b) ln a = ln 4
 a=4 1A
−2ln 2 − ln 4
−b ln 4 =
1− 0
b=2 1A
9. Evaluate each of the following limits.
2
(a) lim t
t →− 3e − 1

x3 + 12 x − 13
(b) lim
(2 − x)
x → 3

2 x 2 + 8 x − 10
(c) lim 2
x →1 x + 2 x − 3

(5 marks)
Solution
2 2
(a) lim =
t →− 3e − 1 3(0) − 1
t

= −2 1A

12 13
− 3 1+
x + 12 x − 13
3
x 2
x
(b) lim = lim 1M
( − )
3 3
x →
2 x x →
 2 
 − 1 
x 
1+ 0 − 0
=
( 0 − 1)
3

= −1 1A

2 x 2 + 8 x − 10
(c) lim
x →1 x 2 + 2 x − 3

2( x − 1)( x + 5)
= lim
x →1 ( x + 3)( x − 1)
2( x + 5)
= lim 1M
x →1 x+3
2(1 + 5)
=
1+ 3
=3 1A
10. Let a be a constant. Define f (x ) = ax8 + 152 x 5 − 4320 x 2 for all real numbers x .
It is given that f (− 3) = 0 .
(a) Find a .
(b) Find the slope of the tangent to the curve y = f ( x ) at x = 1 .
(5 marks)
Solution
(a) f ' ( x ) = 8ax7 + 760x4 − 8640x 1A
0 = 8a(−3)7 + 760(−3) 4 − 8640(−3) 1M
a=5 1A

(b) Slope of tangent at x = 1 is

f '(1) = 40 + 760 − 8640 1M
= −7840 1A
11. Let f (x ) =
(x − 3)2
for x  −1.
x +1
(a) (i) Find f (x ) .
(ii) Hence, solve f ( x ) = 0 .
(b) Find f (0 ) .
(5 marks)
Solution

(a) (i) f ' ( x ) =

( x − 1) 2( x − 3) − ( x − 3)2 1M
( x + 1)2
( x − 3)( x + 5)
= 1A
( x + 1) 2

(ii) f ' ( x ) = 0

x = 3 or x = −5 1A

( x + 1)
2
[( x + 5) + ( x − 3)] − ( x − 3)( x + 5)(2)( x + 1)
(b) f " ( x ) = 1M
( x + 1)4
32
=
( x + 1)3
f "( 0) = 32 1A
12. Let y = ln 3x 2 − ln (5 x + 4) .
2
d 2 y  dy  dy
Prove that x 2
−  x  + 4x = 2 .
dx  dx 
2
dx
(5 marks)
Solution
y = ln(3x 2 ) − ln(5 x + 4)
dy 1 1
= 2  (6 x) − 5
dx 3x 5x + 4 d 1
1M for y = ln(3x 2 ) = 2 (6 x)
2 5 dx 3x
= −
x 5x + 4 1A
d2y
= 2(− x −2 ) − 5[−(5 x + 4) −2 (5)]
dx 2
2 25
=− 2 + 1A
x (5 x + 4)2
2
25    2 5 
2
d 2 y  dy  dy  2 2 5 
 x2
−  x  + 4x = x 2 − 2 + 2
− x  −  + 4x  −  1M
dx  dx   x (5 x + 4)    x 5 x + 4    x 5x + 4 
2
dx
2
25 x 2  5x  20 x
= −2 + −2−  +8−
(5 x + 4) 
2
5x + 4  5x + 4
25 x 2  20 x 25 x 2  20 x
= 6+ − − + −
(5 x + 4) 2  5 x + 4 (5 x + 4) 2  5 x + 4
4

=2 1A
13. It is given that y = log 2 (t + 2) and t = 6e3 x .
dy dt
(a) Find and .
dt dx
dy
(b) Find the value of when x = 0 .
dx
(5 marks)
Solution
dy 1
(a) = 1A
dt (t + 2) ln 2
dt
= 18e3 x . 1A
dx

dy dy dt
(b) =
dx dt dx
1
= (18e3 x ) 1M
(6e + 2) ln 2
3x

When x = 0, t = 6

dy 1
= 1A
dt t =6 8ln 2

dt
= 18
dx x =0

dy dy dt
=
dx dt dx
1
= (18)
8ln 2
9
= 1A
4ln 2
 2x
14. Consider the curve C: y = .
3x 2 + 2
dy
(a) Find .
dx
(b) A tangent to C passes through the point (12, 0). Find the slope of this tangent in surd form.
(7 marks)
Solution

  1  
 3x + 2(1) − x  (6 x) 
2

= 2  2 3x + 2  
2
dy
(a) 1M
dx  3x 2 + 2 
 
 
 
4
= 3 1A
(3 x 2 + 2) 2

(b) Let ( x1, y1 ) be the coordinates of the point of contact of C and the tangent.
y1 − 0
Slope of the line joining ( x1, y1 ) and (12, 0) = 1M
x1 − (12)
2 x1
3 x12 + 2
=
x1 − 12
2 x1
= 1
( x1 − 12)(3x12 + 2) 2

2 x1 4
 1
= 3
1M + 1A
( x1 − 12)(3x + 2) 1
2 2
(3x + 2)
1
2 2

x1 (3x + 2) = 2( x1 − 12)
1
2

3x13 + 2 x1 = 2 x1 − 24
3x13 = −24
x1 = −2 1A
dy 4
= 3
dx x =−2
[3(−2) + 2]
2 2
1A
14
=
49
14
 The slope of the tangent is .
49
 250
15. Let V = 300 − ,
1 + 30.1t −2
dV d 2V
Find and .
dt dt 2
(4 marks)
Solution
250
V = 300 −
1 + 30.1t − 2
dV 250(−1)(30.1t −2 ln 3)(0.1)
=− 1M
dt (1 + 30.1t −2 )2
(25ln 3)30.1t −2
= 1A
(1 + 30.1t −2 )2
d 2V (25ln 3){(1 + 30.1t −2 )2 (30.1t −2 ln 3)(0.1) − 30.1t −2 [2(1 + 30.1t −2 )](30.1t −2 ln 3)(0.1)}
= 1M
dt 2 (1 + 30.1t −2 )4
(25ln 3)(1 + 30.1t −2 )(30.1t −2 ln 3)(0.1)[(1 + 30.1t −2 ) − 2(30.1t −2 )]
=
(1 + 30.1t −2 )4
2.5(ln 3)2 (30.1t −2 )(1 − 30.1t −2 )
= 1A
(1 + 30.1t −2 )3