Organizational Safety and Health

MD. HUSSAIN SHAHID ANSARY

Sr. Trainer
 Safety Issues
Disaster: a sudden accident or a natural catastrophe that causes great
damage or loss of life.
• “A disaster is a sudden, calamitous event that seriously disrupts the
functioning of a community or society and causes human, material,
and economic or environmental losses that exceed the community’s
or society’s ability to cope using its own resources.”(IFRC)
 Safety Issues
• Risk: risk is expressed as – probability of an accident to occur × Impact
of the accident.

• Hazard: a potential source of danger.

 Safety Issues
• Fire safety
• Electric safety
• Chemical management
• Waste management
• Ergonomics
• Disaster management
• Work place safety
 Safety Issues
• Risk management:
Develop Risk
Hazard Risk
Management
Identification Assessment
Action Plan

Modify Risk
Implement the Evaluate the
Management
Plan Action’s Result
Strategy

Apply the Plan

 Safety Issues
• Risk Assessment

Intensity Possibility 1 2 3 4 5
Almost
Rare Unlikely Possible Likely
certain
1 Negligible 1 2 3 4 5
2 Low 2 4 6 8 10
3 Medium 3 6 9 12 15
4 High 4 8 12 16 20
5 Catastrophic 5 10 15 20 25
 Safety Issues
• Risk Assessment

Degree of Risk

1-3 4-6 7-12 13-16 17-25

Insignificant Acceptable Unacceptable Critical Fatal

Action needed No action needed Observe Take Action Emergency Isolate

 Fire Safety
• Fire is the rapid oxidation of a
material in the exothermic
chemical process of combustion,
releasing heat, light, and various
reaction products.
 Fire Safety
• Elements of fire -
i. Heat
Heat
ii. Fuel
iii. Oxygen
Fuel

Oxygen
Fire Safety
 Fire Safety
• Classification of fire:
1. Solid fire (A)
2. Liquid fire (B)
3. Gas fire (C)
4. Metal Fire (D)
5. Electrical fire (E)
 Fire Safety
• Sources of fire:
✗ Oven
✗ Residue of cigarette
✗ Match stick
✗ Lamp
✗ Loose wire
✗ Electric motor
✗ Electric generator
✗ Chemical store
✗ Sparks
✗ Excessive heat
✗ Mosquito coil
✗ Electric iron
✗ Drying clothes over oven
✗ Fireworks
etc.
 Fire Safety
• Causes of fire: ✗ Unplanned building
✗ Improper maintenance of ✗ Arson & Sabotage
electrical system etc.
✗ Electric short circuit
✗ Boiler explosion
✗ Chemical reaction
✗ Cigarette fire
✗ Disorderly and untidy go-
down and store
 Fire Safety
• In case of fire:
1. Break the circuit
2. Call fire service control room 199 or 02-9555555
3. Since the fire service vehicles arrive fire fighting team will try to
control fire
4. Take the people away from fire
5. Get everyone out in disciplined way
6. If any one is caught by fire, he / she must roll around on the dry
floor
 Electric Safety
Causes of electrical accidents:
✗ Incomplete or faulty design
✗ Poor quality work
✗ Loose connections
✗ Deterioration or erosion of
insulation
✗ Over or undersized cable
✗ Uneven distribution of load,
Overloading
✗ Excessive connection in one
source
 Electric Safety
Causes of electrical accidents:
✗ Connection to lower or
higher voltage
✗ Using poor quality electric
equipment
✗ Engaging unskilled people
at electrical work
✗ Poor maintenance of
electric system
✗ Improper earthing
 Electric Safety
Results:
• Electrification
• Electrocution
• Burning
• Explosion
• Fire
• Panic
 Electric Safety
Prevention of accidents:
✗ Using load according to design
✗ Ensure quality equipment such as automatic main switch, voltage
stabilizer, automatic circuit breaker etc.
✗ Factories electric system must be installed and checked by an
engineer
✗ Ensure proper insulation and check regularly
✗ DB, SDB and switch board must be covered by ebonite sheet
✗ Keep channels dust free
✗ No electric line in Bonded Warehouse
 Electric Safety
Prevention of accidents:
✗ No electric line in Bonded Warehouse
✗ No material can be stored within 3 feet of electric installation
✗ Employ a full-time skilled electrician
✗ Regularly check wiring and equipment
 Electric Safety
for personal protection:
✗ do not wear any metallic wear/ ornament
✗ Do not use metallic ladder
✗ Do not plug or unplug while body or hand is wet
✗ Do not try to install, mend or repair any electric equipment or
machinery unless skilled and qualified
✗ Do not touch moving parts
✗ Plugs and cords must be kept clean and dry
✗ Wear appropriate PPE
✗ Keep away from children
 Electric Safety
Other precautions:
✗ Follow the signs
✗ Cover the moving parts
✗ Use appropriate equipment
✗ Read the operating manual first
✗ Use appropriate fuse and circuit breakers
✗ Do not hang cords
✗ Each time before use check whether the equipment is in good
condition
 Electric Safety
In case of electric fire-
• Turn main switch off
• Activate fire alarm
• Do not use water
• Use CO2 or dry powder
• Call the electricity office and fire service (02-9555555)
• If do not know the use of fire extinguisher, evacuate
 Electric Safety
In case of someone gets electrified-
• Turn off the source of electricity, if possible. If not, move the source
away from you and the person, using a dry, non-conducting object
made of cardboard, plastic or wood.
• Begin CPR if the person shows no signs of circulation, such as
breathing, coughing or movement.
• Try to prevent the injured person from becoming chilled.
• Apply a bandage. Cover any burned areas with a sterile gauze
bandage, if available, or a clean cloth. Don't use a blanket or towel,
because loose fibers can stick to the burns.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/
 Electric Safety
Cautions-
• Don't touch the injured person if he or she is still in contact with the
electrical current.
• Call your local emergency number if the source of the burn is a high-
voltage wire or lightning. Don't get near high-voltage wires until the
power is turned off. Overhead power lines usually aren't insulated.
Stay at least 20 feet (about 6 meters) away — farther if wires are
jumping and sparking.
• Don't move a person with an electrical injury unless he or she is in
immediate danger.
https://www.mayoclinic.org/
 Disaster Management
Earthquake:
An earthquake (also known as a
quake, tremor or temblor) is the
shaking of the surface of the
Earth, resulting from the sudden
release of energy in the Earth's
lithosphere that creates seismic
waves.
[www.en.wikipedia.org]
 Disaster Management
Why earthquake is most terrible:
• No information is available in advance
• Refuse can not be taken in any shelter
• Vast area is destructed in short time
• Critical infrastructures are destructed and emergency services are
disrupted
• Lack of experience of disaster management in case of earthquake
 Disaster Management
Why Bangladesh is at greater risk:
• Historical: in an earthquake happened at Chittagong fault where
500 people died and in an earthquake happened at Dauki fault
where 600 – 700 people died.
• Geographical location
• Faults: Dauki, Sylhet, Sitakundo-Teknaf, Rangamati and Madhupur.
• Tectonic plate: Indian plate, Eurasia plate, Burma plate
• Man-created
 Disaster Management
Precautions for earthquake:
• Before earthquake
• During the Earthquake
• After earthquake
 Disaster Management
Precautions for earthquake:
• Before earthquake:
₪ Detect and manage risky objects
₪ Identify the safe place inside and outside
₪ Everyone should be trained about does and don’ts in time of earthquake
₪ Keep equipment for the time of disaster
• During the Earthquake:
₪ Remain calm
₪ If you are inside a room or building, take shelter to a safe place
₪ Keep away from glass, window, door, hanging object, shelves etc.
 Disaster Management
Precautions for earthquake:
• During the Earthquake:
₪ If you are in kitchen, put out your oven, keep away from cupboard or
freezer etc.
₪ Never use elevator / lift
₪ If you are outside, stay there
₪ keep distance with a high building, over bridge, flyover, trees in the time of
an earthquake
₪ Leave the place if you are in a valley
₪ Leave the sea shore and take shelter on a higher ground
₪ Keep away from gridlines
 Disaster Management
Precautions for earthquake:
• During the Earthquake:
₪ If you are in a car, stay at your vehicle, park it in a safe place i.e. at a
distance from sign board, over bridge, grid line, large trees etc. and stay at
car until it stops shaking
₪ After the tremble stops drive carefully and try to avoid any bridge
• After earthquake:
₪ Get out from the building in a disciplined way
₪ If you get stuck do not try to move any obstruction, try to call for help from
outside
₪ Keep your face covered with light cloths
 Disaster Management
Acts that are forbidden during and after earthquake:
• Do not ignite
• Do not bustle about or rush
• Do not use lift
• During the earthquake do not try to get down by stairs
• Do not jump through window or from roof
• Keep away from electric equipment, generator, boiler, heavy
machineries, fabric roll etc.
• Do not start work prior to checking the safe condition
Thank you