COVID - 19 Automatic Water Tap

Automatically turn on the water tap when our hand move near the tap
BeginnerFull instructions provided1,547

Things used in this project

Hardware components

Arduino UNO & Genuino UNO × 1

Solinoid Valve × 1

Male/Female Jumper Wires × 1

Resistor 2.21k ohm × 1

UTSOURCE Electronic Parts × 1

Water tap × 1

12V DC Adapter × 1

Software apps and online services

Arduino IDE

Story
Automatic Water Tap
In this time, Sharing the water tap or using a public water tap is very
dangerous. This may help to spread the virus. You can read my previous
article here. That discuss about the construction of an Automatic Hand
Sanitizer. The same distance sensor using here. You no need rotate the knob
of water tap to turn on or off.
How it works?
Working is almost same as my previous project. There we use a Servo motor
to operate the sanitizer bottle. Here I am using a Solinoid valve to operate the
water tap. First we read the distance from distance sensor to the hand with
the help of Arduino Uno. If the distance is less than 20 cm, the solinoid valve
will turn on and start the water flow. Otherwise the solinoid valve is turned off.

Before starting we need to know "What is a solinoid valve?"

Solinoid Valve
Solinoid valve is a electro-mechanical device. Simply a valve only open or
close only when the required is voltage is available. This device is basically
available in two models. One is "Normally Closed (This is closed when the
absence of electricity. And open the presence of electricity). The second
model is "Normally Opened" (This is opened when the absence of electricity.
And closed the presence of electricity). Here we are using the "Normally
closed" type.

You can also get the solinoid valve from old washing machine.

It's time to start.

Buy electronic components with free shipping on utsource.net

Step - 1

First we need to create a sketch(code)

Here I am using HC - SR 05 Ultrasonic distance sensor. You can read the

interfacing of HC-SR 05 here. Here I am going to define two variables and set
attach pins. One is echoPin on Arduino digital pin 5 and other is tritPin on
Arduino digital pin 4. Then we need to declare two variables. One is "duration"
and other is "distance".
#define echoPin 4
#define trigPin 5
int long duration;
int distance;

Now we need to code the setup part of Arduino program.

First I am going to set the pinModes. EchoPin as "INPUT", trigPin as

"OUTPUT" and finally digital pin 3 as "OUTPUT". Because we use this pin (pin
3) for control the Solinoid valve. Then set the pin 3 as "LOW" for 2 seconds.
void setup(){
pinMode(echoPin,INPUT);
pinMode(trigPin,OUTPUT);
pinMode(3,OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(3,LOW);
delay(2000);
}

The setup part is completed. Next loop part.

Step - 2

Now we need to set the trigPin in "LOW" for 2 microseconds. Then set the
trigPin "HIGH" for 10 Microseconds. And set it back to "LOW". Then read the
total travel time using the function pluseIn(). Then calculate the distance from
this time. And use "if" and "else" for control the solinoid valve. Set pin 3 as
"HIGH" only the distance is less than 20 cm. Otherwise it keep as "LOW".
void loop(){
digitalWrite(trigPin,LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin,HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin,LOW);
duration=pulseIn(echoPin,HIGH);
distance=(duration*0.034/2);

if(distance<=20){
digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
}
else{
digitalWrite(3,LOW);
}
}

The coding part is complete. The complete code is given in the attachment
part. Now we need to setup the hardware.
First connect the solinoid valve to the pipe. Connect it between the water tap
and supply pipe with the help of other connectors and thread seal. Keep the
knob of the water tap always on

Connection

Arduino digital pin 3 - Base of TP120

Arduino digital pin 4 - Echo pin of HC-SR 05

Arduino digital pin 5 - Trig pin of HC-SR 05

Arduino Vin pin - 12V DC (+ve from adapter)

Arduino Gnd 1 - Gnd of adapter

Arduino Gnd 2 - Gnd og HC-SR 05

Arduino Gnd 2 - Emiter of TP120

Collector of TP120 - Solinoid valve terminal 1

12V DC (+ve from adapter) - Solinoid valve terminal 2

Anode of Diode - 12V DC (+ve from adapter)

Cathode of Diode - Collector of the TP120

Here TP120 is used as a switching device. It will drive the Solinoid valve. This
Solinoid valve will draw 500 milli amphere. That's why I use the additional
power supply. One IN4007 diode is used as flyback diode. It help to protect
the TP120 from back current due to the coil of solinoid valve. Complete the
hardware connections with the help of circuit diagram. Place the sensor in the
front the water tap and other circuits in an enclosure.

It's time to rock!!!!!

Don't copy-paste my code. try to understand each line of the code and make your
own.
You can join our telegram group here or search INNOVATION.

Follow me on,

Instagram : five_volt_player

Facebook : Akshay Joseph

Github : akshayjoseph666

Share your experience and suggestions on the comment box.

STAY HOME, STAY SAFE, STAY CREATIVE. Let break the chain.

Schematics
solinoid_valve_87Aq3uF0CO.png

Code
Untitled file
Arduino
//sketch created by Akshay Joseph Follow me on Instagram : five_volt_player
#define echoPin 4
#define trigPin 5
int long duration;
int distance;
void setup(){
pinMode(echoPin,INPUT);
pinMode(trigPin,OUTPUT);
pinMode(3,OUTPUT);
digitalWrite(3,LOW);
delay(2000);
}
void loop(){
digitalWrite(trigPin,LOW);
delayMicroseconds(2);
digitalWrite(trigPin,HIGH);
delayMicroseconds(10);
digitalWrite(trigPin,LOW);
duration=pulseIn(echoPin,HIGH);
distance=(duration*0.034/2);

if(distance<=20){
digitalWrite(3,HIGH);
}
else{
digitalWrite(3,LOW);
}
}

Credits