CHAPTER 1

1. INTRODUCTION:

ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARENCE:
Till 1994, Environmental Clearance from the central government was an administrative requirement for big
projects undertaken by the government or public sector undertakings. Initially during 1978/79, EIA for river
valley projects were carried out later extending to industrial projects. The Ministry of Environment and
Forests (MoEF), Government of India, under the Environmental (Protection) Act 1986, promulgated a
notification on 27 January 1994 making Environmental Clearance (EC) mandatory for expansion or
modernization of any activity or for setting up new projects listed in Schedule 1 of the notification. Today
environmental clearance from the central government is required for 30 categories of developmental projects
broadly categorized under the following industrial sectors: mining, thermal power plants, river valley,
infrastructure (road, highway, ports, harbors and airports) and industries including very small electroplating or
foundry units. Although for many other projects, EIA is not needed. Certain activities permissible under the
Coastal Regulation Zone Act, 1991 also require similar clearance. ABC Techno labs obtains EC for various
project across India and I have worked with the team in a Residential building project to learn about basics of
Environmental clearance process.

ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING:
ABC Techno labs is a leading environmental consultant company in India. They monitor various pollutants
that are produced from the industries on a monthly basis and prepare a report and send it to the industry to
inform them about the pollution load caused by them. They also help in suggesting necessary methods for
controlling the emission of these pollutants. These reports have to be shown to the higher authorities in time
of inspection, failing which may lead to shutting down of the industry.

1.2 HISTORY OF EC:

The foundation of environmental impact assessment (EIA) in India was first laid in 1976-77 when the
Planning Commission asked the then Department of Science and Technology (DST) to examine all the river-
valley projects from an environmental angle. This was subsequently extended to cover those projects, which
required an approval from the Public Investment Board. However, these were administrative decisions, and
didn‟t have the legislative support. To fill this gap, the Government of India enacted the Environment
Protection Act (EPA) on 23rd May 1986. To achieve the objectives of this act, one of the decisions that were
taken was to make EIA statutory. On 27 January 1994, the Union Ministry of Environment and Forests
(MoEF), Government of India, under the Environmental Protection Act of 1986, promulgated an EIA
notification making Environmental Clearance (EC) mandatory for any expansion or modernization activity or
for setting up new projects listed in Schedule 1 of the notification. Since then there have been about twelve
amendments made in the EIA notification of 1994

1
1.3 ACTS REGARDING EC:
Environment Protection Act 1986 (May 1986) •

Environment Protection Rules 1986 (Nov 1986) – Section 5 Environment Protection Rules 1986: Prohibitions
and restrictions on the location of industries; carrying on of processes and operations in different areas

• EIA 1994 – Environment Protection Act 1986 – Discharge internationally agreed obligations under Rio
Declaration

• EIA 2006 is supersession of EIA 1994, except in respect of things done or omitted to be done before such
supersession.

1.4 CATEGORY OF THE PROJECTS:

PROJECTS

CATEGORGY A CATEGORGY B

CATEGORGY B1 CATEGORGY B2

FIGURE 1.1 – PROJECT CATEGORGY

2
1.5 LIST OF PROJECTS OR ACTIVITIES REQUIRING PRIOR
ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE:
TABLE 1.1 LIST OF PROJECT CATEGORGY

Category with threshold limit Conditions if any

Project or Activity

A B

1 Mining, extraction of natural resources and power generation (for a

specified production capacity)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

1(a) Mining of minerals <50 ha General Condition
5 ha. of mining shall apply
Asbestos mining irrespective of lease area. Note
mining area Mineral prospecting
(not involving
drilling) are exempted
provided the
concession areas
have got previous
clearance for physical
survey
1(b) Offshore and All projects Note
onshore oil and Exploration Surveys
gas exploration, (not involving drilling)
development are exempted provided
&p the concession areas
roduction have got previous
clearance for physical
survey
1(c) River Valley (i) 50 MW hydroelectric General Condition shall
projects power generation; MW hydroelectric apply
(ii) power generation;
command area (ii) < 10,000 ha. of
culturable command
area

3
1(d) Thermal Power < 500 MW General Condition shall
Plants (coal/lignite/naphtha & gas (coal/lignite/naphtha apply
based); & gas based);
<50 MW
all other fuels)
, diesel and all other
fuels)

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

1(e) Nuclear power All projects -
projects and
processing of
nuclear fuel

2 Primary Processing

2(a) Coal washeries <1million ton/annum General Condition shall

throughput of coal throughput of coal apply

(If located within mining

area the proposal shall be
appraised together with the
mining proposal)
2 (b) Mineral < 0.1million ton/annum General Condition shall
beneficiation ton/annum mineral mineral throughput apply(Mining proposal with
throughput Mineral beneficiation shall
be appraised together for
grant of clearance)

4
3 Materials Production

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

3(a) Metallurgical a) Primary
industries (ferrous metallurgical industry
& nonferrous)
All projects

b) Sponge iron
manufacturing Sponge iron General Condition shall
≥ 200TPD manufacturing apply for Sponge iron
<200TPD manufacturing

c) Secondary
metallurgical Secondary metallurgical
processing industry processing industry

All toxic and heavy i.) All toxic and heavy

metal producing units metal producing units
20,000 tones <20,000 tones
/annum /annum

ii.) All other

- non –toxic
secondary metallurgical
processing industries

>5000tonnes/annum

3( b) Cement plants 1.0 million <1.0 million General Condition shall

tones/annum tones/annum production apply
production capacity capacity. All Stand-alone
grinding units

5
4 Materials Processing

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)

4(a) Petroleum refining All projects - -
industry

4(b) Coke oven plants <2,50,000 & -

tones/annum tones/annum
-
4(c ) Asbestos milling All projects - -
and asbestos based
products
4(d) Chlor-alkali <300 TPD production Specific Condition shall
industry capacity or a unit capacity apply
located outside the and located within a
notified industrial notified industrial area/ No new Mercury Cell
area/ estate estate based plants will be
permitted and existing
units converting to
membrane cell technology
are exempted from this
Notification

4(e) Soda ash Industry All projects - -

4(f) Leather/skin/hide New projects outside All new or expansion of Specific condition shall
processing the industrial area or projects located within a apply
industry expansion of existing notified industrial area/
units outside the estate
industrial area

5 Manufacturing/Fabrication

5(a) Chemical All projects - -

fertilizers
5(b) Pesticides industry All units producing - -
and pesticide technical grade
specific pesticides
intermediates
(excluding
formulations)

6
 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
5(c) Petro-chemical All projects - -
complexes -
(industries based
on processing of
petroleum
fractions & natural
gas and/or
reforming to
aromatics)

5(d) Manmade fibers Rayon Others General Condition shall

manufacturing apply

5(e) Petrochemical Located outside the Located in a notified Specific Condition shall
based processing notified industrial area/ industrial area/ estate apply
(processes other Estate
than cracking & -
reformation and
not covered under
the complexes)

5(f) Synthetic organic Located outside the Located in a notified Specific Condition shall
chemicals industry notified industrial area/ industrial area/ estate apply
(dyes & dye Estate
intermediates; bulk
drugs and
intermediates
excluding drug
formulations;
synthetic rubbers;
basic organic
chemicals, other
synthetic organic
chemicals and
chemical
intermediates)

5(g) Distilleries (i)All Molasses basedAll Cane juice/non- General Condition shall
Distilleries molasses based distilleries apply
–
(ii) All Cane juice/ <30 KLD
non-molasses based

7
5(h) Integrated paint - All projects General Condition shall
industry apply

8
 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
5(i) Pulp & paper Pulp manufacturing Paper manufacturing General Condition shall
industry excluding and industry without pulp apply
manufacturing of manufacturing
paper from waste Pulp& Paper
paper and manufacturing
manufacture of industry
paper from ready -
pulp without
bleaching

5(j) Sugar Industry - General Condition shall

- capacity apply

5(k) Induction/arc - All projects General Condition shall

furnaces/cupola - apply
furnaces 5TPH or
more

6 Service Sectors

6(a) Oil & gas All projects -

transportation pipe -
line (crude and
refinery/
petrochemical
products), passing
through national
parks
/sanctuaries/coral
reefs /ecologically
sensitive areas
including LNG
Terminal

9
 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
6(b) Isolated storage & - All projects General Condition shall
handling of apply
hazardous
chemicals (As per
threshold planning
quantity indicated
in column 3 of
schedule 2 & 3 of
MSIHC Rules
1989 amended
2000)

7 Physical Infrastructure including Environmental Services

7(a) Air ports All projects - -

7(b) All ship breaking All projects - -

yards including
ship breaking
units
7(c) Industrial estates/ If at least one industry Industrial estates Special condition shall apply
parks/ complexes/ in the proposed housing at least one
areas, export industrial estate falls Category B industry and Note:
processing Zones under the Category A, area <500 ha. Industrial Estate of area
(EPZs), Special entire industrial area below 500 ha. and not
Economic Zones shall be treated as housing any industry of
(SEZs), Biotech Category A, category A or B does not
Parks, Leather Irrespective of the area. require clearance.
Complexes.
Industrial estates with
area greater than 500
ha. and housing at Industrial estates of area>
least one Category B 500 ha. and not housing
industry. any industry belonging to
Category A or B.

7(d) Common All integrated facilities All facilities having land General Condition shall
hazardous waste having incineration fill only apply
treatment, storage &landfill or
and disposal incineration alone
facilities (TSDFs)

10
 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
7(e) Ports, Harbors < 5 million TPA of cargo General Condition shall
cargo handling handling capacity and/or apply
capacity (excluding ports/ harbors
fishing harbors) TPA of fish handling
capacity

7(f) Highways i) New National High i) New State High ways; General Condition shall
ways; and and apply

ii) Expansion of ii) Expansion of National

National High ways / State Highways greater
greater than 30 KM, than 30 km involving
involving additional additional right of way
right of way greater greater than 20m
than 20m involving involving land
land acquisition and acquisition.
passing through more
than one State.

7(g) Aerial ropeways All projects General Condition shall

apply

7(h) Common All projects General Condition shall

Effluent apply
Treatment Plants
(CETPs)

7(i) Common All projects General Condition shall

Municipal Solid apply
Waste
Management
Facility
(CMSWMF)

11
 (1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
8 Building /Construction projects/Area Development projects and Townships
8(a) Building and ≥20000 sq.mtrs and #(built up area for covered
Construction <1,50, 000 sq.mtrs. of construction; in the case
projects built-up area# of facilities open to the
sky, it
will be the activity area)
8(b) Townships and Covering an area ≥ 50 ha ++All projects under Item
Area Development and or built up area 8(b) shall be appraised as
projects. ≥1,50,000 sq .mtrs ++ Category B1

Note:

General Condition (GC):

Any project or activity specified in Category „B‟ will be treated as

Category A, if located in
wholeorinpartwithin10kmfromtheboundaryof:(i)ProtectedAreasnotified
undertheWild Life (Protection) Act, 1972, (ii) Critically Polluted areas
as notified by the Central Pollution Control Board from time to time,
(iii) Notified Eco-sensitive areas, (iv) inter-State boundaries and
international boundaries.

Specific Condition (SC):

If any Industrial Estate/Complex / Export processing Zones /Special

Economic Zones/Biotech
Parks/LeatherComplexwithhomogeneoustypeofindustriessuchasItems4(
d),4(f),5(e),5(f), or those Industrial estates with pre –defined set of
activities (not necessarily homogeneous, obtains prior environmental
clearance, individual industries including proposed industrial housing
within such estates /complexes will not be required to take prior
environmental clearance, so long as the Terms and Conditions for the
industrial estate/complex are complied with (Such estates/complexes
must have a clearly identified management with the legal responsibility
of ensuring adherence to the Terms and Conditions of prior
environmental clearance, who may be held responsible for violation of
the same throughout the life of the complex/estate).

1.6 RESPECTED EC AUTHORITIES AND COMMITTES:

TABLE 1.2 - AUTHORITIES AND COMMITTES

APPROVAL FROM RECOMMENDED BY CATEGORY

Ministry of Environment Expert Appraisal A
and Forestry (MoEF) Committee (EAC)
12
 State Environmental State Level Expert B1 and B2
Impact Assessment Appraisal Committee
Authority (SEIAA) (SEAC)
District Environmental District Level Expert B2 Mining projects
Impact Assessment Appraisal Committee Area<= 5 hectares
Authority (SEIAA (SEAC)

1.6.1 Expert Appraisal Committee (EAC):

EAC members shall not exceed 15 regular members. Chairperson shall be an eminent person
having experience in environment policy related issues. A representative MoEF shall assist
the committee as it secretary. Chairperson shall nominate one of the members as Vice-
Chairperson. The maximum tenure of all the members shall be from 2-3 years.

1.6.2 State Environment Impact Assessment Authority (SELIAA):

SEIAA shall be constituted by central government and comprises of 3 members, having a

fixed team of 3 years.

A Chairperson (expect in EIA process), Member secretary (familiar with environmental

laws), and a Member nominated by the State Government of Union Territory administration.

1.6.3 State Level Expert Appraisal Committee (SEAC):

SEAC has 10 regular members. Chairperson shall be an eminent person having experience in
environment policy related issues. Time period of the committee is 3 years. A representative
of SEIAA shall assist the committee as its Secretary.

1.6.4 District Environment Impact Assessment Authority (DEIAA):

DEIAA comprises of 4 members. The District Magistrate or District Collector shall be the
chairperson. The Sub-divisional magistrate or Sub-divisional officer of the concerned district
shall be the member secretary. The other two members shall be the senior most Divisional
Forest officer or an expert being nominated by the Divisional Commissioner.

1.6.5 District Level Expert Appraisal Committee (DEAC):

It comprises of 11 members including Chairperson and Member secretary. The committee has
a time period of 3 years. The senior most Executive Engineer in Irrigation department in the
district shall be the chairperson. Assistant Director or Deputy Director of the Department of
Mine and Geology or District Mine officer shall be the Member Secretary.

13
 CHAPTER 2

COMPANY PROFILE

ABC TECHNO LABS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED

2.1 INTRODUCTION
ABC Techno labs India Private Limited is an Environmental Engineering and consultancy
organization constantly striving towards newer heights since its inception in 2006. Our
company is dedicated in providing strategic services in area of

 Environment
 Infrastructure
 Energy
 Engineering
 Multi lab

ABC is accredited by Quality Council of India – National Accreditation Board for Education
and Training (QCI- NABET). An approved Consultant for carrying out EIA studies and
obtaining environmental clearance for various industrial sectors such as Thermal Power
Plants, Infrastructures- industrial estates /Parks/complexes/areas, Mining and Large area
under development and building construction projects etc. Our full-fledged Multi lab is
recognized by MoEF under EPA Act 1986 and accredited by NABL under ISO/IEC
17025:2005, Department of Science and Technology, Government of India.

Our organization is also certified under ISO 9001:2008, ISO 14001:2004, ISO 22000:2005 &
OHSAS 18001:2007. ABC is a member of confederation of Indian Industry (CII)

ABC holds a team of highly talented professionals, who work in sync with the clients
ensuring that the defined assessment, survey or reporting is executed with high level of
efficiency. Our company and proficient team consist of Environmentalists, policy makers,
geologists, Chemists, Engineers, industrial hygienists, technicians, Research Associates,
sociologists and others with expertise in various niche areas.

ABC has a proven envious track record of working with industry & institutional in executing
multi-faceted funded by organizations like World Bank, UNDP, MoEF, amongst others. ABC
Techno labs India Private Ltd has laid down new benchmarks in all areas of strategic
operations by our dedicated team of outstanding professionals and client-centric approach, as
clearly evident ny our accomplishment/clients list.

Since establishment our focus is on sustainable development of Industry and Environment

based on sound engineering practices, innovation, quality, R&D and most important is
satisfying customers need. The company has successfully completed more than 100‟s projects
of variety of industries, in the field of pollution control. We are also dealing in the projects of
waste minimization and cleaner production technology. Our team of technocrats and scientists
are well experienced to deal with the Designing, Manufacturing, Fabrication, Installation and

14
Commissioning of Effluent/Wastewater Treatment Plants, Sewage Treatment Plants,
Combined Treatment Plants.

We are having a well experienced team of Scientists & Engineers who are looking after our
well-equipped analytical laboratory with a facility including analysis of physical, chemical
and biological parameters as per the requirements of the State Pollution Control Board and
our clients.

2.2 QUALITY POLICY

Providing high quality consultancy services
Time bound completion of projects and submission of reports
Employing competent engineers and scientists
Implementing the best available technology
Maintaining a good quality products and public relation practice
Continually improving the effectiveness of Quality Management System

2.3 SERVICES OFFERED

A. ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES

Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA)

Environmental Management Plan (EMP)
Social Impact Assessment (SIA)
Environmental Baseline data collection for Air, Meteorology, Noise, Water, Soil,
Ecology, Socio-Economic and Demography etc;
Environmental Monitoring
Socio Economic Studies
Resettlement & Rehabilitation Plan
Ecological & Human Health Risk Assessment Studies
Ecological Impact Assessment
Environmental Management Framework
Solid Waste Management
Hazardous Waste Management
Internship & Training

B. MULTILAB DIVISION

Chemical Testing
Environmental Testing
Microbiological Testing
Food Testing
Metallurgical Testing
Mechanical Test
Chemical Testing

15
C. TURNKEY PROJECTS
Water Treatment Plants
Sewage Treatment Plant
Recycling & Water Conservation Systems
Zero Discharge System
Operation & Maintenance of Water & Waste Water Plants
Water & Waste Water Treatment Chemicals
Pilot Plant studies
Feasibility studies & preparation of budgetary estimates

2.4 SECTORS WE SERVE

Mining of Minerals including Opencast/Underground mining

Thermal Power Plants
Mineral Beneficiation including Pelletisation
Metallurgical Industries ( Ferrous & Non Ferrous)
Chlor-alkali Industry
Textile- cotton & Man-made fibre
Coke Oven Plants/ Waste Heat Recovery
Synthetic Organic Chemical Industries
Sugar, Distilleries and Cogeneration
Integrated Paint Industries
Common Municipal Solid waste Management facility
Industrial Estates/ Parks/Complexes/Special Economic Zones
Common Effluent Treatment Plants
Building & Construction Projects,
Townships & Area Development Projects

16
 CHAPTER 3

PROCESS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE

3.1 SCREENING
STEP: 1

Fill the online application form in the MoEF, SEIAA, DEIAA websites for the A, B1 & B2,
B2 mining projects <=5ha respectively.

STEP: 2

Fill the FORM 1(for all projects), FORM 1A (only for construction projects), FORM 1M
(only for mining projects).

EAC, SEAC, DEAC will look into the forms, check and decide the exact category of the
project. The application may also get rejected at this stage.

3.2 SCOPING
STEP: 1

If the application is accepted then category A, B1 and B2 projects require EIA report except
Category 7-A) and mining projects with area <=5ha. Instead they require a Conceptual Plan.

STEP: 2

EAC and SEAC will analyze their respective projects and determine the TOR (Terms of
References).TOR is the list of conditions that should be followed during the preparation of
EIA report for a project. The separate TOR for every project will be displayed in the MoEF or
SEIAA website.

3.3 EIA REPORT

EIA report will be prepared and submitted to the authority board. The report should contain
the following sections, Introduction, Project description, Description of the environment,
Anticipated environmental impacts and mitigation measures, Analysis of alternatives,
Environmental monitoring program,

Additional studies, Project benefits, Environmental cost benefit analysis, EMP, Summary and
conclusion, Disclosure of consultants engaged.

3.4 PUBLIC CONSULTATION

Public consultation will be carried for all category projects except B2 projects, expansion of
roads and highways, modernization of irrigation projects and category 7-A) all B category
projects.

State pollution Control Board or public agency has to conduct public hearing within 45days.

17
STEP: 1

The applicant shall make a request through a simple letter to the Member Secretary of the
SPCB. In whose jurisdiction the project is located has to arrange the public hearing within the
prescribed period. In-case the project site is covering area more than one state, the public
hearing is mandatory to be conducted in both states.

STEP: 2

The applicant shall enclose with the letter of request, at-least 10 hard copies and an equivalent
number of soft copies of the EIA report summary in English and in the language of the state,
with the terms of references (TOR).

The applicant shall arrange to forward copies, one hard copy and one soft copy along with the
EIA summary report to any of the following officers.

i) District Magistrate (or) District Collector (or) Deputy Commissioner office.

STEP: 3

On receiving the EIA report summary, the above-mentioned authorities shall arrange to
widely publicize it within their jurisdiction, requesting the interested person to send their
comments to the interested person to send their comments to the concerned regulatory
authorities. They shall also make available the draft EIA report for inspection electronically
or otherwise to the public during normal office hours till the public hearing is over.

The SPCB shall also make similar arrangements for giving publicity about the project within
the state and make available the summary for inspection in selected offices or public libraries
or any other suitable locations etc.

STEP:4

The Member Secretary of the concerned SPCB shall finalize the date, time and exact venue
for conducting public hearing within 7days of the date of receipt of the summary EIA report
from the project proponent and advertise the same in one major National Daily and one
Regional Daily newspaper. A minimum notice period of 30 days shall be provided to the
public for furnishing their responses.

STEP: 5

The District Magistrate (or) District Collector (or) Deputy Commissioner or his or her
representative not below the rank of an Additional District Magistrate assisted by a
representative of SPCB, shall supervise and preside over the entire public hearing process.

STEP: 6

The public meeting will be video recorded and the copy of the CD or videotape shall be
enclosed with the public hearing proceedings and sent to the regulatory authority within 8days
of completion of meeting. The public hearing proceedings involves the approved copy of the
meeting containing the issues raised by the public and their comments. It shall be prepared in

18
local language and in English. A copy of the proceeding will also be provided to the project
proponent.

STEP: 7

The applicant would then forward a copy of the approval public hearing proceedings to the
concerned regulatory authority along with the final EIA report or supplementary report to the
draft EIA report prepared after the public hearing and public consultations incorporating the
concerns expressed in the public hearing along with action plan and financial allocation, item-
wise to address those concerns.

3.5 PROJECT APPRAISAL

STEP: 1

The applicant shall apply to the concerned regulatory through a simple communication
enclosing the following documents where the public consultation are mandatory, Final EIA
Report, A copy of the CD of the public hearing proceedings, A copy of final layout plan, A
copy of the project feasibility report.If the project in-case does not require public consultation,
it can be directly assessed with submission of the above documents.

STEP: 2

The document shall be scrutinized in office and the applicants shall be invited for a meeting
to furnish the necessary informations, thus clarifying the doubts in person or through an
authorized representative.

STEP: 3

On completion of thus meeting the appraisal committee would decide whether the project
shall be accepted and recommended to MoEF or SEIAA with certain conditions or rejected.

3.6 FINAL DECISION

The recommended projects by EAC and SEAC will be analysed and the final decision will be
taken up by the members of MoEF and SEIAA within 30 days. Either the project will be
rejected or else accepted with certain conditions.

3.7 VALIDITY
The validity of Environmental Clearance for the projects are as follows, River valleys-
10years; Mining projects-maximum 30years; All other projects-7years; Area development
and township projects-7years. After the validity period the required person has to apply for
fresh environmental clearance and initiate the entire process again.

3.8 POST EC REPORT

The project proponent has to submit the half-yearly compliance report on the month of June
and December every year until the validity period. All such reports are public documents and
which are made mandatory to be displayed on the website of the concerned regulatory
authority (MoEF or SEIAA).
19
FIGURE 2.1 GENERAL PROCESS OF EC

20
3.9 PROCESS FLOWCHART FOR CATEGORY A:

FIGURE 2.2 EC PROCESS OF CATEGORGY

21
3.10 PROCESS FLOWCHART FOR CATEGORY B

FIGURE 2.3 EC PROCESS OF CATEGORGY B

22
 CHAPTER 4

4. SOFTWARE MODELLING

4.1 INTRODUCTION:
Baseline Environmental Studies have been conducted to determine the existing status of
various Environmental attributes viz., Climate and atmospheric conditions, ambient air,
ambient noise, traffic study, water (ground & surface), soil, hydrogeological, sand use pattern,
ecological and socio-economic environment, of proposed project within the block. This study
would help to undertake corrective mitigation measures for the protection of the environment
on account of any change, deviation of attributes due to the proposed project activities in the
Block CB-ONHP-2017/7 in Patan, Banaskantha & Mahesana districts of Gujarat.

The reconnaissance survey of the area around the CB-ONHP-2017/7 Block (1335 Sq.km) in
Patan, Banaskantha & Mahesana districts of Gujarat was carried out from 5th March 2019 to
6th June 2019 for 13 weeks and the field studies were carried out for one season during
Summer season for the EIA studies to collect baseline primary and secondary data for the
present environmental scenario in the study area.

4.2. ENVIRONMENTAL ATTRIBUTES:

Table 4.1 Environmental Attributes

S.No. Attribute Parameter Source of Data

1 Climatology & Wind speed, Wind direction, Dry Indian Meteorological Department and
Meteorology bulb temperature, Wet bulb Site specific Data-at 3 Locations at
temperature, Relative humidity, Mahesana, Patan and Banaskantha
Rainfall, Solar radiation, Cloud
cover and Environmental Lapse

2 Geology Geological history Field survey and Secondary sources

3 Land Use Trend of land use change for Secondary data/ Satellite imagery/ Topo
different categories sheet etc.

4 Ambient Air PM10, PM2.5, SO2, NOx, CO, O3, Monitored Data (14 locations)
Quality
Benzene (C6H6), Benzo alpha
pyrene (BaP), Lead (Pb), Arsenic
(As), Nickel (Ni), Ammonia (NH3),
Hydrocarbons-Methane & Non
Methane,VOC,

5 Ambient Noise Noise levels in dB (A) Monitored Data (14 locations)

Quality

23
6 Traffic Study Traffic data of vehicles 5 Locations

7 Water Quality Physical and Chemical parameters Monitored Data (Surface water – 14
locations and Ground water – 14
locations)

8 Soil Soil types and samples analyzed for Analysis of soil samples at 14
physical and chemical parameters. locations

9 Ecology Existing terrestrial flora and fauna Field survey and Secondary sources
within the study area

10 Socioeconomic Socioeconomic characteristics of Based on field survey and data collected

the affected area from secondary sources
Aspects

4.2.1 SITE SPECIFIC METEOROLOGY

The continuous weather monitoring station was installed at Patan (Patan), Mahesana
(Mahesana) and Basu (Bansakantha). On site monitoring was undertaken for various
meteorological parameters in order to generate the site-specific data. The Central Monitoring
Station (CMS), equipped with continuous monitoring equipment to record wind speed, wind
direction, temperature, humidity and rain fall was set up at the top of the building at a height
of ~5.0 m above the ground level. The methodology adopted for monitoring surface
observations was as per the Standard norms laid down by the Bureau of Indian Standards (IS:
8829:1978) and IMD. Data was collected at every hour continuously from 5th March 2019
to 6th June 2019 for 13 weeks.

Table 4.2: Site specific Weather Report for the Study period

Observations (5th March 2019 to 6th June 2019)

Sl. No. Parameters
Patan Mahesana Banskantha
Dry Bulb Temperature (ºC)
Maximum 43.33 45.33 42.67
1
Minimum 24.00 24.67 23.00
Average 32.95 33.80 32.43
Relative Humidity (%)
Maximum 59.33 59.3 66.33
2
Minimum 21.00 20.33 21.00
Average 34.09 32.89 32.70
Wind Speed (km/hr)
Maximum 20.00 19.33 27.67
Minimum 1.33 1.33 2.67
3
Average 7.02 8.44 10.34
Predominant Wind
Direction (From) W W W

24
4 Rainfall (in mm)
Total (mm) 2.00 1.33 3.33
Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

A. Temperature
The average temperature during study period in the site locations Patan, Mahesana
and Banaskantha varied from 24°C to 43.3°C, 24.6°C to 45.3°C and 23°C to 42.6°C
respectively.
B. Relative Humidity
The average relative humidity during study period in the site locations Patan,
Mahesana and Banaskantha varied from 21% to 59.3%, 20.3% to 59.3% and 21% to
66.3% respectively.
C. Rainfall
Slight rainfall was observed during the study period at Patan, Mahesana and Banaskantha.
D. Wind
The monthly wind speed in the site locations Patan, Mahesana and Banaskantha
varied from 1.33 KMPH to 20 KMPH, 1.33 KMPH to 19.3 KMPH and 2.67 KMPH
to 27.67 KMPH
occurring during 3 months study period respectively.
It can be observed that during study period wind blows mostly from West direction to
East Direction. The wind rose for the study period in the districts of Patan, Mahesana
& Banaskantha is given in Figure 4.1.

M 1- Patan (Patan) M 2- Mahesana (Mahesana)

25
Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.
M 3- Basu (Banaskantha)

Figure 4.1: Windrose for the Study Period

4.3 OBSERVATIONS:
Air Quality:
PM10: The maximum and minimum concentrations of PM10 were recorded as
3 3
respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at the
Khajuripole (AAQ7) and the minimum concentration was recorded at Denap (AAQ11). The
3.

PM2.5: The maximum and minimum concentrations for PM2.5 were recorded as 38.8
3 3
respectively. The maximum concentration was recorded at the
Khajuripole (AAQ7) and the minimum concentration was recorded at Thalavada (AAQ12).
The average values were observed to be in the range of 22.6 to 3.

SO2: The maximum and minimum SO2 3 and 5.1

3. The maximum concentration was recorded at Khajuripole (AAQ7) and the minimum
concertration was recorded at Thalavada (AAQ12). The average values were observed to be in
3 to 12.1 3.

NOx: 3 and

3. The maximum concentration was recorded at Khajuripole (AAQ7) and the

minimum concertration was recorded at Thalavada (AAQ12). The average values were
3.

CO: The minimum CO concentrations were less than BDL (<0.1 mg/m3) in most of the
locations. The maximum CO concentration 0.41 was observed at Khajuripole (aaq7) and Kada
(AAQ9). The average values were observed to be in the range of 0.12 to 0.24 mg/m3. HC
(methane and non-methane) and Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs): The HC and VOCs
at all the location were observed below detection limit.
The concentrations of Benzene (C6H6), BaP, Lead, Arsenic, Nickel and Ammonia were below
detectable limits at all locations and O3 present in locations are well within the standards
prescribed by the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Industrial, Rural, Residential
and Other area.

26
4.4 IMPACT ON AIR ENVIRONMENT
During exploratory drilling activities, the potential sources of air emissions during the
drilling operation would be as follows:
1. Pre-drilling phase, set up of early production units:
 Site development;
 Operation of vehicles and machinery;
 Transportation, storage, handling of site preparation material;
 Operation of DG sets.
2. Drilling phase:
 Operation of DG sets;
 Emissions from flare stack;
 Transport of drilling chemical and manpower etc.
3. De-commissioning phase:
Decommissioning of rig and associated facilities;

 Transport of de-mobilised rigs and machineries.

4. Operation of EPU/QPU facilities
 Emission from DG sets and GEG
 Emission from flare stacks
The potential impact due to above mentioned activities has been discussed in below:
Fugitive emission: Fugitive dust emissions due to the proposed project will be principally
associated with emissions of dust during the site preparation. The dust generated would be
primarily from the handling and transportation of fill material and re-entrainment of dust
during movement of the vehicles on unpaved roads. The generation of such fugitive dust is
likely to be governed by wind speed and direction. Effects of dust emissions are heightened
by dry weather and high wind speeds and effectively reduced to zero when soils and/or
ambient conditions are wet. However, dust generated from the site development and site
preparation activity will generally settle down on the adjacent areas within a short period
due to its larger particle size.
Emissions from Vehicles/Equipment: The pre-drilling and decommissioning operations
would involve movement of diesel operated vehicles and operation of machineries and
equipment. Heavy vehicles will be particularly intense during site preparation and
decommissioning phases. Gaseous pollutants such as NOx, SO2, PM10 and CO are likely to
be emitted from operation of vehicles and machineries.
Impacts from Operation of DG sets and Flaring: There will be three (03) DG sets of
capacity 1000 KVA (one standby) each at drilling site and two (02) DG sets of capacity 350
KVA (one standby) at camp site and two (02) DG set at Radio room (one standby) will be
installed. The operation of DG sets will therefore result in the generation of air pollutants
viz. PM, SOx & NO2 thereby affecting the ambient air quality. The dispersion of these air

27
pollutants may affect the receptors viz. village settlements located in near vicinity of the
well site only under exceptional combination of meteorological conditions. Emissions from
DG Set will be continuous throughout the drilling operations.
Flaring of gases primarily during the well testing phase will contribute to additional air
pollution. Flaring involves high temperature oxidation process to burn combustible gases
that may be generated from the proposed well sites.
Elevated flaring (30m)/Ground Flaring will be done during EPU/QPU. The test flaring will
result in temporary emissions of CO2, water vapours, NOx and other trace gases. It is
assumed that the occurrence of SO2 in the flare gas would be in traces or negligible as gas
shall not have H2S. The pollutants of concerns from DG Sets are NOx, SO2, CO, CO2,
particulate and un-burnt hydrocarbons. However pollutants such as PM, SO2 and NOx have
been considered for dispersion modeling.
Movement of traffic shall be very minimum as same shall be used only for mobilization of
manpower and consumable materials on continuous basis.
 Prediction of the Ground level concentration (GLC) of emissions are made
using software of Industrial Sources Complex Short-Term model version 3
(ISCST3) approved by Environment Protection Agency (EPA) USA. ISCST3
which is a Gaussian Plume based model and is executed using stability classes
developed by Pasquill and Gifford. Following are the assumptions made while
using the model:
 No dry and wet depletion of pollutants; and
 Receptors are on flat terrain with no flagpole.
GLCs are calculated by using meteorological data collected from the meteorological station
at site during the monitoring period i.e. from March 2019 to June 2019 for 13 weeks.
The emission characteristics and other details from DG Set and flaring assumed for
the modeling are summarized below in Table 4.3.
Table 4.3: Source and Emission Characteristics for Dispersion Modeling
Emission Stack Stack dia Stack Gas Stack Gas Emission rate (g/s)
Sources Height (m) (m) Temp. (K) Velocity m/s NO2 SO2 PM10
Scenario 1 (During Drilling Process)
350 KVA DG* 7 0.21 583 14 0.265 - 0.017
350 KVA DG* 7 0.21 583 14 0.265 - 0.017
1000 KVA DG* 10 0.2 673 18 0.687 - 0.043
1000 KVA DG* 10 0.2 673 18 0.687 - 0.043
1000 KVA DG* 10 0.2 673 18 0.687 - 0.043
-
100 KVA DG* 10 0.305 518 14 0.466 0.029
10 0.305 518 14 0.466 - 0.029
100 KVA DG*
Flare Stack 30 0.21 1273 20 0.018 0.063 0.012
Scenario 2 (During operation of EPU/QPU)
QPU Flare 30 0.21 1273 20 0.018 0.063 0.012
500 KVA DG* 9 0.15 483 14 0.180 - 0.011
*Emission for flare is calculated using Emission Factors as described in US EPA AP42, fifth edition,
January 1995.

Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Ground Level Concentrations (GLCs) for pollutants as mentioned above have been
28
calculated for following:
 An area of 5 km x 5 km with 200m x 200m grids;
 Presentation of Results
The predicted ground level concentrations (GLC) were estimated around 442, 882 receptors
to obtain an optimum description of variations in concentrations over the site covering 16
directions. The incremental concentrations are estimated for the whole period. The results
for SO2, NO2 and PM10 are presented in Table 4.4 & 4.5. The isopleths for SO2, NOx and
PM10 concentrationsof Patan, Banaskantha and Mahesana districts are depicted in Figure
4.1 to 4.18 respectively.

Table 4.4: Resultant Concentrations in Air Quality monitoring locations (S-

1)
Receptor PM10µg/m3 NOx, µg/m3 SO2, µg/m3
Predicted

Predicted

Predicted
Resultant

Resultant

Resultant
Baseline

Baseline

Baseline
AQ1 34.1 0.04 34.14 16.2 0.66 16.86 10.9 0.002 10.90
AQ2 72.8 0.04 72.84 21.5 0.66 22.16 12.1 0.002 12.10
AQ3 53.6 0.04 53.64 14.5 0.66 15.16 8.5 0.002 8.50
AQ4 61.4 0.06 61.46 14.4 1.01 15.41 9.7 0.003 9.70
AQ5 64.5 0.06 65.1 16.6 1.01 17.61 12.2 0.003 12.20
AQ6 67.1 0.06 67.16 18.6 1.01 19.61 13.6 0.003 13.60

Receptor PM10µg/m3 NOx, µg/m3 SO2, µg/m3

Predicted

Predicted

Predicted
Resultant

Resultant

Resultant
Baseline

Baseline

Baseline

AQ7 74.1 0.04 74.14 22.3 0.66 22.96 14 0.002 14

AQ8 58.5 0.04 58.54 14.5 0.66 15.16 9.3 0.002 9.30
AQ9 53.6 0.04 53.64 15.5 0.66 16.16 9.6 0.002 9.60
AQ10 52.6 0.04 52.64 15.4 0.66 15.16 9.3 0.002 9.30
AQ11 60.6 0.04 60.64 17 0.66 17.66 12.2 0.002 12.20
AQ12 50.5 0.10 50.15 14.7 3.87 18.57 7.1 0.009 7.10
AQ13 52.5 0.06 52.56 14.4 1.01 15.41 8.2 0.003 8.20
AQ14 64.4 0.06 64.46 17.6 1.01 18.61 9.8 0.003 9.80
Max 74.1 0.10 74.14 22.3 23.03 22.96 14 2.7 13.60
NAAQ Standard 100 µg/m 3 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3
Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Table 4.5: Resultant Concentrations in Air Quality monitoring locations (S-

2)

29
Receptor PM10µg/m3 NOx, µg/m3 SO2, µg/m3

Predicted

Predicted

Predicted
Resultant

Resultant

Resultant
Baseline

Baseline

Baseline
AQ1 34.1 0.009 34.109 16.2 0.027 16.22 10.9 0.009 10.909
AQ2 72.8 0.009 72.809 21.5 0.027 21.52 12.1 0.009 12.109
AQ3 53.6 0.009 53.609 14.5 0.027 14.52 8.5 0.009 8.509
AQ4 61.4 0.016 61.416 14.4 0.26 14.66 9.7 0.003 9.703
AQ5 64.5 0.016 64.516 16.6 0.26 16.86 12.2 0.002 12.202
AQ6 67.1 0.016 67.116 18.6 0.26 18.86 13.6 0.002 13.602
AQ7 74.1 0.009 74.109 22.3 0.027 22.32 14 0.009 14.009
AQ8 58.5 0.009 58.509 14.5 0.027 14.52 9.3 0.009 9.309
AQ9 53.6 0.009 53.609 15.5 0.027 15.52 9.6 0.009 9.609
AQ10 52.6 0.009 52.609 15.4 0.027 15.42 9.3 0.009 9.309
AQ11 60.6 0.009 60.609 17 0.027 17.02 12.2 0.009 12.209
AQ12 50.5 0.009 50.509 14.7 3.86 18.56 7.1 0.009 7.109
AQ13 52.5 0.016 52.516 14.4 0.26 14.66 8.2 0.002 8.202
AQ14 64.4 0.016 64.416 17.6 0.26 17.86 9.8 0.003 9.803
Max 74.1 0.10 74.14 22.3 23.03 14 2.7 13.60
NAAQ Standard 100 µg/m3 80 µg/m3 80 µg/m3
Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

The maximum GLCs for SO2, NOx and PM10 after implementation of the proposed project
will be within the prescribed standards for rural and residential areas. However, the
maximum GLCs are occurring during test flaring which is for a period of 21 days at each
location. Further considering that the maximum GLCs occur which is in the vicinity of the
site boundary, no impact on outside environment is envisaged. Based on the above details,
it can be inferred that proposed project would have an insignificant impact on the prevailing
ambient air quality.

30
A. Isopleths for Scenario 1 (During Drilling activities)
1. Patan District

31
Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Figure 4.2: Maximum GLC Increase of PM of Patan District (S-1)

B. Isopleths for Scenario 2 (During QPU Operation)

1. Patan District

32
 Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Figure 4.3: Maximum GLC Increase of PM of Patan District (S-2)

4.5 NOISE ENVIRONMENT:

The main objective of monitoring of ambient noise levels was to establish the baseline noise
levels in the surrounding areas and to assess the total noise level in the environment of the
study area. The measurements were carried out using Type 1 noise level integrated sound level
meter. Monitoring was done at each location during the study period for 24 hrs on hourly basis
to obtain hourly equivalent sound pressure level. A digital noise level meter was used to record
the noise levels. From these values, day time and night time and 24-hrs Leq values were
calculated. Day time is considered from 0600 hrs to 2200 hrs and night from 2200 hrs to 0600
hrs.
IDENTIFICATION OF SAMPLING LOCATIONS
A preliminary reconnaissance survey was undertaken to identify the major noise sources in the area.
The noise monitoring has been conducted at 14 locations within 1 Km of each exploratory well.

INSTRUMENT USED FOR SAMPLING

Noise levels were measured using a sound level meter. The sound level meter
measures the equivalent continuous noise level (Leq) by switching to the
corresponding function mode.
METHOD OF MONITORING
Noise, in general, is sound which is composed of many frequency components of
various types of loudness distributed over the audible frequency range. Equivalent
sound pressure levels of day time i.e. Leq (day) and night time Leq (night) are
calculated from the hourly measured noise level and compared to Ambient Noise
Level Standards as per the “Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000”
33
 stipulated for daytime and night time for residential land use.
Various noise scales have been introduced to describe, in a single number, the response
of an average human to a complex sound made up of various frequencies at different
loudness levels. The most common and universally accepted scale is the „A‟ weighted
Scale which is measured as dB (A). This is more suitable for an audible range of 20 to
20,000 Hz. The scale has been designed to weigh various components of noise,
according to the response of a human ear.
Sound Pressure Level (SPL) measurements were measured at all locations. The
readings were taken for every hour for 24 hours. The day noise levels have been
monitored during 6 am to 10 pm and night levels during 10 pm to 6 am at all the
locations covered in a 10 Km radius of the study area. The noise levels were measured
once during the study period. These readings were later tabulated and the frequency
distribution table was prepared. Finally, hourly and 24 hourly values for various noise
parameters viz. Lday and Lnight were calculated.
For noise levels measured over a given period of time, it is possible to describe
important features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated using the
percent of the time certain noise levels exceed the time interval. The notations for the
statistical quantities of noise levels are described below:
L10 is the noise level exceeded 10 percent of the time
L50 is the noise level exceeded 50 percent of the
time and L90 is the noise level exceeded 90
percent of the time Equivalent Sound Pressure
Level (Leq)
The Leq is the equivalent continuous sound level, which is equivalent to the same
sound energy as the actual fluctuating sound measured in the same period. This is
necessary because the sound from a noise source often fluctuates widely during a given
period of time. This is calculated from the following equation:
Leq = L50 + (L10 - L90)2/60
Parameters Measured During Monitoring
For noise levels measured over a given period of the time interval, it is possible to
describe important features of noise using statistical quantities. This is calculated using
the percent of the time, certain noise levels are exceeded during the time interval. The
notation for the statistical quantities of noise levels id described below:
Hourly Leq day: Equivalent noise levels between 6.00 hours to 22.00
hours. Leq night: Equivalent noise levels between 22.00 hours
to 6.00 hours.
R ESULTS
The summary of computed ambient noise level parameters like Lday and Lnight are
presented in Table 3.11 and compared to the standards specified by CPCB mentioned.
Day time Noise Levels
Noise levels during daytime were found to be in the range 47.5 to 59.8 dB(A). The
maximum noise level was observed to be 59.8 dB(A) at Unjha (N7) and a minimum
of
34
47.5 dB(A) was observed at Lunva (N12).
Night time Noise Levels
Noise levels observed to fall in the range 41.3 to 48.7 dB (A) during the night time. A
maximum of 48.7 dB (A) was observed at Unjha (N7) and a minimum of 41.3 dB (A)
was observed at Chitradipura (N9).
Measured noise levels are observed to be in compliance with prescribed standards for
ambient noise for the respective applicable categories except at monitoring location
N7.
Assessment of Noise Impacts due to Site Activities
Driller rotors and the power generators and pumps would be the main sources of noise
pollution during the drilling activity. Noise due to vehicular movement will be intermittent
but will also add to the background noise levels.
Typically, the noise generating sources for the onshore drilling activity (in the immediate
vicinity) are provided below:
GEG, Diesel Generator: 75 dB(A)
Pumps at the Rig: 85 to 90 dB(A)
Mud pumps: 73.3-80.5 dB (A)
Drilling activities: 85-90 dB (A)
In order to predict ambient noise levels due to the proposed drilling of exploratory wells.
The preparative modeling has been done.
 Modeling for Noise Emissions Drilling Site
For dispersion modeling of noise, standard mathematical model for sound wave
propagation have been used. The sound pressure level generated by noise sources decrease
with increase in distance from the source due to wave divergence. An additional decrease in
sound pressure level from the source is expected due to atmospheric effect or its interaction
with objects in the transmission path.
For hemispherical sound wave propagation through homogeneous loss free medium, one
can estimated noise levels at various locations due to different sources using model based
on first principles, as per the following equation.
Noise (Receptor) = Noise (Source) - 20 Log [distance (Receptor) /distance
(Source)] The combined effect of all the sources then can be determined at various
locations by the following equation:

Lp (total) = 10 Log (10(Lp1/10) +10(Lp2/10)+10(Lp3/10) ....................... )

Where Lp1, LP2, LP3 are noise pressure levels at a point due to different sources.
For an approximate estimation of dispersion of noise in the ambient from the source point,
a standard mathematical model for sound wave propagation is used. For the modeling
purposes, flat terrain is considered and environmental attenuation factors are not
considered.
Noise modeling for the project site from DG sets(s):
In the proposed project, 2 Nos. of 350 KVA DG set (1 SB), 3 Nos. of 1000 KVA (1 SB),
2Nos. of 100 KVA (1 SB) have been proposed to meet the power requirement. In the noise
modeling, each flat and Transformer area is considered as source (9 Nos.). Noise modeling
software has taken the predefined noise value of dB(A) for power generators. As per the

35
primary baseline study conducted at the site, average temperature is 30°C and relative
humidity is 70%, same has been considered in the noise modeling. Figure showingnoise
modeling for the project site from DG sets(s) is given in Figure 4.4.

Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Figure 4.4: Noise Model Showing Noise levels from the DG Set(s)
From the noise modeling the Hydrocarbon Block is expected to receive a noise level of
around 23.576 dB(A). This noise modeling has been carried out considering worst
conditions, in actual; the noise level is expected to be very less than the calculated value.
Noise modeling for the project site from Pumps at the Rig:
In the proposed project, Oil Rigs are used during the operational phase in an Oil drilling
Site. Noise model software has been assigned the noise value of 90 dB(A) for Pumps. As
per the primary baseline study conducted at the site, average temperature is 30°C and
relative humidity is 70%, same has been considered in the noise modeling. Figure
showingnoise modeling for the project site from Pumps at the Rig is given in Figure 4.5.

36
Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Figure 4.5: Noise Model Showing Noise levels from the pumps at Oil
Rig From the noise modeling the Hydrocarbon Block is expected to receive a noise
level of around 33.472 dB(A). This noise modeling has been carried out considering
worst conditions, in actual; the noise level is expected to be very less than the
calculated value.

Noise modeling for the project site from Mud Pumps:

A mud pump (sometimes referred to as a mud drilling pump or drilling mud pump), is a
reciprocating piston/plunger pump designed to circulate drilling fluid under high pressure
down the drill string and back up the annulus. A mud pump is an important part of the
equipment used for oil well drilling. Noise level of 80.5 dB(A) has been considered in the
noise modeling software. As per the primary baseline study conducted at the site, average
temperature is 30°C and relative humidity is 70%, same has been considered in the noise
modeling. Figure showing noise modeling for the project site from Pumps at the Rig is
given in Figure 4.6.

37
Source: ABC Techno Labs India Pvt. Ltd.

Figure 4.6: Noise Model Showing Noise levels from the Mud Pump
From the noise modeling the Hydrocarbon Block is expected to receive a noise level of
around 13.42 dB(A). This noise modeling has been carried out considering worst
conditions, in actual; the noise level is expected to be very less than the calculated value
Noise modeling for the project site for Drilling:
Drilling process is the primary source of noise impact in the Hydrocarbon block. Noise
model software has been assigned the noise value of 90 dB(A) for Pumps. As per the
primary baseline study conducted at the site, average temperature is 30°C and relative
humidity is 70%, same has been considered in the noise modeling. Figure showing noise
modeling for the project site from Drilling process is given in Figure 4.22. From the noise
modeling the Hydrocarbon Block is expected to receive a noise level of around 28.42
dB(A). This noise modeling has been carried out considering worst conditions, in actual;
the noise level is expected to be very less than the calculated value.

38
 5. CONCLUSION

The internship training has provided me the knowledge about the importance of getting EC
for a project from MoEF/SEIAA and it also helped me to know about procedures for using
software for practical problems. This program also gave me enough opportunities to learn
about collection of baseline data for a project. Internship training have given me a wide field
experience.

39