GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY

REPORT ON GEOPHYSICAL SURVEY

CONDUCTED AT NYAMONGORO
INDUSTRIAL AREA IN MWANZA
REGION.

DONE FOR,

FIDE INVESTMENT COMPANY LIMITED

Prepared by: Restago Inv. Co Ltd

P. O. Box 11943
Mwanza.

July, 2020

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ABBREVEATIONS

BIF Banded Iron Formation

CP Central Point of Vertical Electrical Sounding

DD Recommended Drilling Depth

EW East West

H Anticipated Regolith Thickness

nT NanoTesla

NW North West

LVBWB Lake Victoria Basin Water Board

SE South East

VES Vertical Electrical Sounding

WRMA Water Resources Management Act

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Contents
ABBREVEATIONS ....................................................................................................................... 2
1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 4
1.1 BACKGROUND AND SCOPE OF WORK ............................................................................ 4
1.2 MAIN OBJECTIVES ............................................................................................................... 5
1.3 LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILY .......................................................................................... 5
1.4 PHYSIOLOGY AND DRAINAGE ......................................................................................... 5
2.0 GEOLOGY ............................................................................................................................... 5
3.0 HYDROGEOLOGY ................................................................................................................. 7
4.0 INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGY.................................................................................... 7
4.1 Geo-magnetic Investigation Method......................................................................................... 7
4.2 Geo Magnetic Profiling............................................................................................................. 7
5.0 WORKING PRINCIPAL OF THE INSTRUMENT (PQWT) ................................................. 9
6.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ............................................................................................... 9
6.1 Results ....................................................................................................................................... 9
6.2 Discussion ................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined.
7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ..................Error! Bookmark not defined.

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1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND AND SCOPE OF WORK

Mwanza Pure drinking Water needs sustainable and reliable water supply for Industrial uses. In
due course, geophysical/hydrogeological survey for locating one potential borehole from each area
of interest within the industry area was done to resolve shortage hindering the Industry. The work
was facilitated by Fide Investment Co. Ltd.

The aim of the geophysical survey was to assess groundwater potentiality within the school
compound for borehole drilling of daily water supply. Hydrogeology survey team from Restago
Investment Company Ltd carried out reconnaissance, Hydro geological and geophysical
investigation on 29th of July, 2020 within the industry premises. The team was guided by Mr. E.
Maswi.

The report describes results found during the hydro geological and geophysical survey meant for
exploring the ground water potential and locating site for borehole drilling. The valid conceptual
model constructed during data taking based on geophysical, geological and hydro geological
evidences depicted on the surface within or in the periphery of the surveyed area. These evidences
were the key elements focused on deciding on the point to drill a borehole.

The objective was to elucidate the suitable drilling site for deep well construction due to
interpretation of acquired data case and survey proved feasible. This was conducted in four steps.

Step 1: Collection and evaluation of available geologic information (i.e. maps, records of drilled
boreholes etc).

Step 2: Reconnaissance survey.

Step 3: Geo magnetic investigation and Profiling

Step 4: Data acquisition and Interpretation.

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1.2 MAIN OBJECTIVES

The main objectives of geophysical survey are outlined below;

(i) To investigate the subsurface water-bearing horizons that warrant productive water
well drilling in order to acquire reliable and sustainable groundwater sources and
(ii) To determine important hydrogeological parameters such as depth to bedrock (regolith
thickness), anticipated water strike levels, degree of weathering and fracturing that will
facilitate understanding of groundwater potential of the survey area for selection of
suitable sites.

1.3 LOCATION AND ACCESSIBILY

The surveyed area is located at Nyamongoro area near opposite to Nanenane ground in Ilelemela
Municipality – Mwanza city. The survey area is located in North-East part of Mwanza- Musoma
road and is roughly approximately 4km from Igoma Centre

1.4 PHYSIOLOGY AND DRAINAGE

In general, the surveyed area has gentle sloping terrain some parts are covered sand soil that
intercalated with granitic sand soils. The drainage pattern is towards the North to South-west
direction with minimum altitude of about 1211m and maximum altitude of 1232m above mean sea
level.

2.0 GEOLOGY
Regionally, the geology of the area belongs to Nyanzian Super group that comprises sequences
of dominantly mafic volcanic rocks and immature sedimentary rocks, which forms the
greenstone belt of Tanzania Craton surrounded by granites.
These sequences are subdivided into a Lower and an Upper series on the basis of recognizable
upward transition from mafic to felsic lavas, with minor tuffs and interbedded sedimentary rocks.
The Lower series consists primarily of basalt, andesite and dacite pillow lavas. The sedimentary
rocks include banded iron formation (BIF), recrystallized cherts, and some shale and

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conglomerate. The area investigated is occupied by Tanzania Precambrian geological rocks,
comprising of folded granitic gneiss, quartzite, lateritic and shale overlain by brown sandy/ black
soil. The out crops at surveyed area are well porous, jointed/ fractured/fissured and weathered.
Pebbles, boulders, cobles and gravels are found in low lying valleys around the surveyed area

Figure 2: Tanzania Geological Map (https://esis.ac.tz/wp-content/uploads/2014/03/Geology-

of-Tanzania.jpg)

Local geology of the area is evidenced by remnant of weathering granites (granitic sand soils)
with occasional exposed granite outcrops.

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3.0 HYDROGEOLOGY
The occurrence of groundwater under the geological conditions of the surveyed area is mainly
restricted in the following zones:
(i) In fractured/joint zones
(ii) In or near dyke intrusions of dolerite
(iii) In weathered bedrock which act as groundwater reservoirs
Especially in the volcanic shield, rocks are compact and have virtually no intergranular (or primary
porosity). On the other hand these rocks have a type of porosity that can be termed as fracture
(secondary) porosity; this implies that they can hold water in a network of fissures, cracks, joints,
fractures or faults. The secondary porosity is caused by the system of “macro pores” and “micro
pores”. Macro pores are fissures and fractures of structural origin. Micro pores are interstices
created by weathering. These two types of porosity are usually closely related, as cracks and
fissures facilitate the percolation of water and hence intensive weathering
The thickness and mineral characteristics of weathered layers play important role in the
determination of the amount of water it can hold.

4.0 INVESTIGATION METHODOLOGY

4.1 Geo-magnetic Investigation Method

This technique was mainly used as a reconnaissance tool, before conducting electrical resistivity
survey. The survey was used to acquire magnetic anomalies which may be due to geological bodies
or structures such as fractures, fault zones, dykes, joint and other lateral changes in the subsurface.
This was performed by using an instrument namely, PQWT (TC Series) which measured the
strength of earth’s magnetic field

4.2 Geo Magnetic Profiling

This is other method practiced during geophysical investigation. The method uses natural magnetic
field to measure the strength of the earth. It involve taking the reading for every 1m at the tap for
both potential one and two while maintain equidistance of 10Meters between M N for accurate
and efficiency of the water detector.

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Figure 1: The model of conducting geophysical investigation by using PQWT water detector

By the M, N electrode probe (transducer) via a cable earth's magnetic field to electrical signal input
to high impedance input stage, after the anti-jamming exchange amplification, frequency selection,
select the desired operating frequency, and then by the A / D sampling, central processor (CPU)
for data processing. Where in the entire measurement process, high-speed central processing unit
(CPU) of the control, instrumentation automatic range conversion and automatic frequency
selection. Finally data and curves graphs displays in the LCD screen.

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5.0 WORKING PRINCIPAL OF THE INSTRUMENT (PQWT)
PQWT-TC Series geophysical prospecting instrument uses natural electric field source as a
working farm, with resistivity contrasts underground rocks and minerals or groundwater. Based
on measuring the natural electric field under the surface of the earth N different frequency of
electric field component are studied according to their different variation. Abnormal changes in
geological bodies produced are used to solve geological problems on electrical prospecting
method. Because this method measures the electrical component of the electromagnetic field of
the earth, so called natural electric field method corresponding frequency are chosen as measured
within 40meters. According to this theory the design and production of equipment called potential
or instruments for geological exploration work done. Therefore, from a professional point of view
to classify, geological equipment should belong to this category in the instrument geophysical
equipment among electrical equipment which uses modern technology.

6.0 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

6.1 Results

Figure 2: Geophysical survey Curves

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Profile 2.

Figure 3: Geophysical survey Curves

Figure 4: Geophisical profile map, horizontal line of profile map is measurement point

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DISCUSSIONS
After the result being analyzed it depict that point number 2 which is located 0501696E and
9719028N and elevation 1296 M which is known to Mr. Maswi is the best point to compare with
other points.

7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

 The point (ves) number 2 had approved for production borehole which should drilled up to
120m bellow the ground.
 Quality and quantity of water will be determined after drilling
 The point measured are marked with the peg
 The drilling diameter should be 8 inches and installation of uPVC of 6 inches or 5 inches
 The selected points should be cement- or bentonite-grouted up to  1-2m below ground level to
prevent surface contamination.
 Installation of PVC liners is strongly recommended in order to avoid corrosion and formation
of iron bacteria in the boreholes.
 Proper borehole completion procedures have to be adhered to; including installation of uniform
size gravel pack (2-4mm), thorough borehole development and at least 24-hour pumping test.
 Supervise drilling exercise should be done by Hydrogeologist/hydrogeology technician,
 As per Water Resources Management Act (WRMA) of 2009 No.11, you are required to apply
for borehole drilling permit to Lake Victoria Basin Water Board (LVBWB) prior to
commencing of drilling activities.

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