Republic of the Philippines

James Bryan Macaranas Prima May 30, 2020

Bachelor of Secondary Education – Major in Social Studies
BYGE 7 – Mathematics in the Modern World
Dr. Christian Paul Soriano

WORD DEFINITION EXAMPLES

An isometry of the plane is a linear transformation
1. Isometry which preserves length. Isometries include rotation,
translation, reflection, glides, and the identity map.
Two geometric figures related by an isometry are
said to be geometrically congruent (Coxeter and
Greitzer 1967, p. 80).
Mathematically, symmetry means that one shape
2. Symmetry becomes exactly like another when you move it in
some way: turn, flip or slide. For two objects to be
symmetrical, they must be the same size and shape,
with one object having a different orientation from
the first. There can also be symmetry in one object,
such as a face.

A transformation in which a plane figure turns

3. Rotation around a fixed center point. In other words, one
 point on the plane, the center of rotation, is fixed
and everything else on the plane rotates about that
point by a given angle. A rotation is a turn of a
shape. A rotation is described by the centre of
rotation, the angle of rotation, and the direction of
the turn. The centre of rotation is the point that a
shape rotates around. Each point in the shape must
stay an equal distance from the centre of rotation.
Translation is a term used in geometry to describe a
4. Translation function that moves an object a certain distance.
The object is not altered in any other way. It is not
rotated, reflected or re-sized. ... In a translation,
every point of the object must be moved in the same
direction and for the same distance.

Reflection. Flip. A transformation in which a

5. Reflection geometric figure is reflected across a line, creating a
mirror image. That line is called the axis of
reflection.
A dilation is a transformation that produces an
6. Dilation image that is the same shape as the original, but is a
different size. ... A dilation stretches or shrinks the
original figure. • A description of a dilation includes
the scale factor (or ratio) and the center of the
dilation.
 A transformation is a process that manipulates a
7. Transformation polygon or other two-dimensional object on a plane
or coordinate system. Mathematical transformations
describe how two-dimensional figures move around
a plane or coordinate system. A preimage or inverse
image is the two-dimensional shape before any
transformation.
A pattern of shapes that fit perfectly together! A
8. Tessellation Tessellation (or Tiling) is when we cover a surface
with a pattern of flat shapes so that there are no
overlaps or gaps.
In mathematics, a fractal is a self-similar subset of
9. Fractal Geometry Euclidean space whose fractal dimension strictly
exceeds its topological dimension. Fractals appear
the same at different levels, as illustrated in
successive magnifications of the Mandelbrot set;
because of this, fractals are encountered
ubiquitously in nature.