Geometry (Straight & Curved Lines)
Definition of Terms Point
 Has no dimension
 Usually represented by a small dot
 Indicates location
A
Line
 Extend in one dimension.
 Represented with straight line with two arrow
heads to indicate that the line extends without
end in two directions.
 A distance between 2 points.
 has no beginning or end
 continues indefinitely in both directions
 can be illustrated by drawing arrows at each end.
-LINE SEGMENT-
 has a beginning point and an end point
 line segment on a shape are called sides
 can be found in many shapes
Plane
 Extend in two dimensions.
 Represented by a slanted 4 sided figure, but you
must envision it extends without end, even
though there presentation has edges
Collinear Points
 Collinear points are points that lie on the same
line.
Tessellation
 If many copies of a shape can be used to cover a
surface, without leaving any gaps between them,
then we say that the shape will tessellate.
 The pattern that is formed is called a tessellation.
 A repeating pattern using regular polygons
 no gaps or overlaps
 each vertex is the same
Line Symmetry
 Shape has line symmetry when one half of it is
the mirror image of the other half.
 Symmetrical= Same on both sides
 Symmetry: balanced proportions, or capable of
division by a longitudinal plane into similar
halves.
 Symmetries preserve distances, angles, sizes,
and shapes.
The Euclidean Plane
Types of symmetry that transform the plane, the
object is on four main types of Euclidean Planes
 Translation
 Rotation
 Reflection
 Glide Reflection
Translation
 To translate an object means to move it without
rotating or reflecting it. Every translation has a
direction and a distance.
 A translation is a transformation that moves
every point in a figure the same distance in the
same direction. For example, this transformation
moves the parallelogram to the right 5 units and
up 3 units. It is written (x,y)→(x+5,y+3).
Rotation
 To rotate an object means to turn it around.
 Every rotation has a center and an angle.
 Before Rotation After Rotation Center [Angle90
]̊
Reflection
 Symmetry is formed when any image is
reflected or a mirror of itself one it her side of
the mirror line.
Glide Reflection
 A glide reflection combines are flection with a
translation along the direction of the mirror line.
 Glide reflections are the only type of symmetry
that involves more than one.
 POWERPOINT PS.
What is Geometry
M.C Escher- Mauritis Cornelis Escher
The branch of mathematics that is concerned with
Kinds of Line
the properties and relationships of:

 points, lines, angles, curves, surfaces, and solids.

 The visual study of shapes, sizes, patterns, and Line
positions.

Line Segment

Ray

Line- We indicates a line with arrows at both ends to

show that the line continues forever in both directions.

Line Segment- A line segment is a part of a line with

end points at both ends.

Ray- A ray has an end point at one end and an arrow at

the other end to show that it starts from one point and
then goes on forever in one direction.