Centre Candidate

Number Number

SOLOMON ISLANDS SCHOOL CERTIFICATE

2008

SOCIAL STUDIES
MONDAY 22ND SEPTEMBER 8 A.M TIME: 2½ HOURS
PLUS 10 MINUTES
READING TIME

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES

1. DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

2. WRITE YOUR CANDIDATE NUMBER AND CENTRE NUMBER IN THE

TOP RIGHT HAND CORNER OF THE FRONT PAGE OF THIS
BOOKLET.

3. ALL SECTIONS AND QUESTIONS ARE COMPULSORY.

4. ALL QUESTIONS ARE TO BE ANSWERED IN SPACES PROVIDED IN

THIS BOOKLET.

5. THERE ARE TWO SECTIONS IN THIS PAPER.

SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE – 30 MARKS

SUGGESTED TIME SPENT –30 MINUTES

SECTION B: PROBLEM SOLVING AND EXTENDED WRITING

– 105 MARK
SUGGESTED TIME SPENT: - 2 HOURS.

THIS BOOKLET SHOULD CONTAIN 25 NUMBERED PAGES.

SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE (30 MARKS)

THIS SECTION HAS THIRTY (30) QUESTIONS, EACH IS WORTH 1

MARK. CANDIDATES SHOULD SPEND ABOUT 30 MINUTES ON
THIS SECTION.

PUT A CIRCLE AROUND THE LETTER WITH THE BEST ANSWER.

IF YOU WISH TO CHANGE YOUR ANSWER LATER, CROSS IT OUT
AND PUT A NEW ANSWER.

“From Stetin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic, an Iron Curtain has
descended across the continent. Behind that line lie all the capitals of
the ancient states of Central and Eastern Europe. Warsaw, Berlin,
Prague, Vienna, Budapest, Belgrade, Bucharest and Sofia. All these
famous cities and the populations around them lie in what I might call
the Soviet Sphere, and all are subject, in one form or another, not only
to Soviet influence, but to very high, and in some cases increasing
measure of control from Moscow."
Winston Churchill

1. What is the main idea contained in this quotation?

A. The Soviet Union has expanded its influence throughout Eastern

Europe
B. The Soviet Union has helped the nations of Eastern Europe
improve their standard of living
C. The democratic nations of Western Europe have stopped the
expansion of Soviet Union’s influence in the world
D. The Soviet Union will support communist revolutions in Eastern
Europe.

2. Which is generally a characteristic of a communist economy?

A. Investment is encouraged by the promise of large profits

B. The role of government in the economy is restricted by law
C. Government agencies are involved in production planning
D. Entrepreneurs sell shares in their companies to the government.

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 . Blockade of Berlin
· Operation of the Berlin Airlift
· Organization of the Warsaw Pact
· Construction of the Berlin Wall

3. The above events of the Cold War are examples of

A. Efforts to prevent military conflict between the superpowers

B. Situations that increased tensions between communist and
democratic nations in Europe
C. Attempts to weaken the Soviet Union’s control of its Eastern
European allies
D. Policies of peaceful coexistence and détente.

4. What did the cartoon above suggest about the use of nuclear
power and nuclear weapons?

A. Nuclear power is important for the future.

B. The danger of nuclear power and weapons is not a worry so more
can be built.
C. Public confidence on the safety of nuclear power and nuclear
weapons is low.
D. Public confidence on the safety of nuclear power and nuclear
weapons is high.

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5. The Lome convention, linking the EEC countries with the ACP
countries was first signed in

A. 1957
B. 1951
C. 1980
D. 1975.

6. According to the information provided by the map, which

European nation controlled the union of South Africa?

A. Germany
B. France
C. British
D. Italy

7. Which of the following is true about the Pacific Forum?

A. It only includes South Pacific Countries.

B. It includes all Pacific Island Countries.
C. It includes only English Speaking Countries.
D. It includes only independent Pacific Countries.

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8. UNESCO is under which organisation of the United Nations?

A. International Court of Justice

B. General Assembly
C. Economic and Social Council
D. Security Council.

9. Which Pacific Regional Organisation will the Solomon Islands

government be most likely seek assistance from if they want to
develop appropriate technology in village communities in the
country;

A. Pacific Community
B. Pacific Islands Forum
C. Melanesian Spearhead Group
D. Forum Fisheries Agency.

10. “The countries promised, within their frontiers, to abolish the

obstacles of the free movement of persons, services and capital”.
Which organization does this describe?

A. Melanesian Spearhead Group

B. NATO
C. EU
D. SPC

11. Which statement best characterizes the period of apartheid in

South Africa?

A. The majority of the population had the right to vote

B. The Boers attempted to rule the whole country
C. Many racist ideas of the ruling minority were adopted into the
laws
D. Afrikaans was declared the official language of the nation.

12. In the Republic of South Africa, the slogans “Freedom in Our

Lifetime” and “New South Africa” changed from promises to full
reality after

A. Frederik W. de Klerk took over the Government

B. Untied South Africa gained independence
C. Nelson Mandela was elected President
D. The majority of white South Africans returned to Europe.

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 - Europeans sought new markets for their goods
- Many Europeans migrated to the cities in search of jobs.
- European middle class gained political power.

13. What was the major cause of the above changes in Europe?

A. Industrial Revolution
B. Abolition of feudalism
C. The creation of colonies
D. French Revolution.

14. The cycle above represents

A. commercial farming
B. subsistence farming
C. mixed farming
D. pastoral farming.

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15. All third world cities experience rapid increase in population.
Which of the following is true for Honiara city in Solomon
Islands?

A. A very high birth rate in Honiara

B. Migration of people from rural areas to urban areas
C. Migration of people from urban areas to rural areas
D. Increased employment opportunities due to a lot of industrial
development.

16. Which of the following is a problem of cities in developed

countries?

A. Low population densities

B. Reduced crime rate
C. High land values in the centre
D. More open space

Urbanization Trend by Region

1950 1960 1970 1980 1990

North America 64 67 70 74 77
Europe 54 58 61 69 73
Africa 15 18 23 28 36
Latin America 41 49 57 65 71
Asia 17 22 25 29 34

Source: “The wider world” p.38

17. From the table above, which region of the world shows most
rapid rate of increase in urbanization between 1950 and 1990

A. Africa
B Europe
C Latin America
D Asia.

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18. Which of the following is a basic reason for “urban drift” in
Solomon Islands?

A. The Government has decentralized economic activities in rural

areas.
B. rural people attempt to have access to services provided in urban
centers.
C. Government prefers to attract the rural population to work in
urban areas.
D. It is part of worldwide trend.

19. A sparsely populated rural area will be termed “over-populated” if

the population

A. cannot be adequately supported by its developed resources

B. is slowly increasing due to immigration
C. is widely scattered over the whole area
D. can no longer practice self-sufficient subsistence agriculture.

20. The above pie chart shows the employment structure of a

country’s industries. What kind of agriculture will you expect in
that country?

A. Highly mechanized farms

B. Labour intensive farms
C. Large subsistence farms
D. Farms with low capital inputs.

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21. Which of the following is not an advantage of industrialization in
Solomon Islands?

A. Lack of skilled labour

B. Make use of home-produced raw material
C. Manufacture products for home use and for export
D. Raise the nation’s income and living standards of its people.

22. The “enclosure” of land aided industrialization during the

industrial revolution because

A. textile were produced in cottage

B. land was now freed from control of landlords
C. tenants were free to cultivate the land
D. reserve labour became available for industry.

23. Which method of transportation is more appropriate in

transporting bulk goods over long distance over land?

A. Sea
B. Road
C. Air
D. Rail.

24. Evidence to support the idea that the present Solomon Islands
people originally migrated from outside the Islands is that

A. Solomon Islands is isolated from major continents of the world

B. they all have same language
C. most languages are related to each other and to other languages
outside Solomon Islands
D. many people have relatives outside Solomon Islands.

25. The white master-black servant relationship carried out by some

agents of change in the Solomon Islands affected local people

A. Loss of self-confidence or lack of initiative in themselves

B. Making Solomon Islanders depend less on outsiders
C. Giving outsiders total reliance and trust on Locals
D. Developing a good relationship between outsiders and locals.

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26. Which of the following is an effect of the introduction of cash
economy on our traditional culture and values?

A. Value of generosity and sharing weakens

B. Every body can easily have money
C. Family ties remain strong between Family members
D. Everybody own businesses.

27. Pijin was started by

A. missionaries trying to spread the word of the bible

B. teachers who found that English was difficult for Islanders
C. islanders and Europeans trying to communicate with each other
in Queensland
D. traders trying to communicate with Islanders to sell their goods.

28. The difference between the two traditional types of political

leadership practices in Solomon Islands is

A. one gained power and authority by their own efforts, while the
other owed their position and authority to inheritance
B. one gained power and authority through majority votes during
elections while the other through forceful takeover
C. one gained power through traditional appointment and the other
through election
D. one gained power through consensus while the other gained
power through own efforts.

29. The loss of political power by traditional leaders was a result of

A. growing power of other traditional opponents

B. pacification by the British
C. colonial rule
D. Independence.

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30. One of the impacts of the various agents of change on the
political systems in Solomon Islands was that

A. there were more competing sources of leadership and authority

B. the major institutions of society became more integrated and
cohesive
C. the egalitarianism of Solomon Islands societies became more
dominant features
D. Solomon Islands societies became more independent and inward
looking.

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 SECTION B: PROBLEM SOLVING AND EXTENDED
WRITING.
(105 marks)

THIS SECTION CONTAINS 4 COMPULSORY QUESTIONS. EACH

QUESTION HAS DIFFERENT NUMBER OF MARKS SO YOU MUST
PLAN YOUR TIME ACCORDINGLY. SUGGESTED TIME FOR THIS
SECTION IS 2 HOURS.

31. Part I: Problem Solving Conflict Middle East

(22 marks)

“Today, O Citizens, with the annual income of the Suez Canal

amounting to……$100 million a year…….we shall not look to
the $70 million of American aid…

Now, while I am talking to you, brothers of yours, sons of Egypt,

are rising up to direct the canal company…..they are taking over
the Egyptian Canal Company, not the foreign Canal Company!”

President Nasser

Read the above quotation carefully and from your knowledge about
the event answer the following questions

a) What is the name of the crisis referred to in the above quotation?

(1mark)
_____________________________________________________________

b) What year did it take place? (1mark)

_________________________________________________________

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c) Name four countries that were involved in the war (4marks)

i). ____________________________

ii). ____________________________

iii). ____________________________

iv). ____________________________

d). What did Nasser do to create the crisis and why did he do it?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________(2 Marks)

e). Why was Nasser not happy with the Americans?

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________ (2 Marks)

f) What did Israel hope to gain from the crisis?

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________ (2 Marks)

g) Why did the two foreign owners of the canal object so much to
Nasser’s action?

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________ ( 2 Marks)

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h) What was the end result of the crisis? Did Nasser achieve his
aim? Explain

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________ (2 Marks)

Part II: Extended Writing.

i) Explain the reasons why the Americans decided not to help

Nasser and his country with funding that lead to the crisis.
(3marks)

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

ii) Explain the reason why Nasser became popular among Arab
states as the result of the war (3 marks)

____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________

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Part II: Cooperation: The Pacific Cooperation ( 20marks )

Part I: Problem Solving

Map of Pacific Member States

Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pacific_Islands_Forum#Membership
Study the above map and from your own knowledge answer the
following questions on the next page.

a). Fill in the correct information about regional organizations in the

Pacific in the spaces provided in the table below. (9 marks)

Area of Name of Regional Year Location of

Cooperation Organization in Full formed Headquarter
(no abbreviation)

Fisheries

Education/training

Environment

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b). Explain two strengths of having regional organization in different
locations. (2 marks)

i)____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

ii)___________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

c). Explain two weaknesses of having many regional organizations in

many different location (2 marks)

i) _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

ii) _____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Part II: Extended Writing

d). Explain any two problems of regional cooperation in the Pacific.

(3marks)
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

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e). State any two Regional organizations and explain any two
benefits Solomon Islands receives as a member of each. (4 marks)

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________

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32. People and Their Development: Population
(20 marks)

Part I: Problem Solving

Study the above graph and in your own knowledge answer the following
questions.

A) What is the name given to this graph? (1mark)

_____________________________________________________________

b) Explain the purpose of this graph (2mark)

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

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c) State what type of countries would be in stage 2 and give your
reason (2 marks)

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

d) Explain in which stage of the graph a country might experience a

Natural Decrease in Population Growth and give a reason for
that decrease (2marks)

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

e) Explain the reasons why the changes in the Birth Rate (BR) and
Death Rate (DR) shown on the graph may occur. (4 marks)

i) the Birth Rate:________________________________________________

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

ii) the Death Rate:______________________________________________

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________

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f) Sketch in the space below, a typical population pyramid graph that
would be expected for a country’s population in stage 4. (3marks)

Part II: Extended Writing (6 marks)

g) Explain why Governments like that of Solomon Islands may be

concerned by a rapid growth of population. (3marks)

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

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h) Explain any three ways governments can try to control a
country’s fast growing population. (3 marks)

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________

33. Industrial & Urban Growth: History of Modern

Industry (21 marks)

Part I: Problem Solving.

The Solomon Breweries Ltd has its Factory situated at the Ranadi
Industrial Area in the Solomon’s Capital City, Honiara. The
Factory employs Solomon Islanders and manufactures various
types of drinks, such as Solbrew soft drinks and beer products,
both in can and bottle for retail shops in the country.

Study the above quotation and from your own knowledge answer the
following questions.

a). What type of industry is Solomon’s Breweries Ltd? (1mark)

_____________________________________________________________

b). Name one local raw material the Factory uses in the
manufacturing of its products in Solomon Islands. (1mark)

_____________________________________________________________

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c). Explain how the following five factors have influenced the
decision to establish the Solomon Breweries manufacturing
industry in Solomon Islands capital Honiara rather than other
places in Solomon Islands. (5 mark)

i) Labour:
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________

ii). Water Supply .

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

iii) Power:__________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

iv). Market:
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

v). Transport:
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

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d). What are the problems of relocating a factory like Solomon
Breweries once it has been established? (2 marks)

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

Part II: Extended Writing

e). Explain four reasons why it would be an advantage to Solomon

Islands to have more manufacturing industries in the country.
(4 marks)

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

f). Explain four ways the Solomon Islands government could

encourage or attract more industries to come to the country.
( 4 marks)

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________

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g). Explain any four types of problems the establishment of
industries such as Solomon Breweries can cause. (4marks)

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________

34. CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN SOLOMON ISLANDS:

The Social System: Marriage (22marks)

Part I: Problem Solving

“Traditionally parents select partners in marriages in Solomon

Islands. Some of the reasons for this are:

1. Parents own all the valuables needed to pay the bride price
2. Parents felt young people will only be attracted by physical
beauty where as older people (parents) look more at character.
3. A partnership based on hard work, good temper and the ability
to cooperate with others may be expected to last a lifetime.
4. The size of the partners’ family is also important. Since
brothers must help the family their sister marries into, a large
family is an advantage.”

Study the above quotation and from your own knowledge answer the
following questions.

a) What do we often call this kind of marriage? (1 mark)

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b) What is bride price? (2 mark)

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

c) List any two reasons why this kind of marriage is now changing
in Solomon Islands. (3marks)

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________

d) List any two advantages of this kind of marriage. (2 marks)

__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________

e) List any two disadvantages of this kind of marriage (2 marks)

________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________

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Part II: Extended Writing

f) Explain two reasons that may contribute to marriage breakdowns

in Solomon Islands society today (4 marks)

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________

g) Suggest and explain three problems which may occur in families

when marriages break down. (6 marks)

______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

____ The End ____

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 FOR MARKERS USE ONLY

SECTIONS MARK ACTUAL SCORE

AQ1 - Q30 30

B Q31 - PI 22

- PII 20

B Q32 20

B Q33 21

B Q34 22
TOTAL 135

Marker’s Initial

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