Ce 545 - Ce Laws, Calaque - Ulo2 PDF

UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO
College of Engineering Education

Civil Engineering Program
Physically Distanced but Academically Engaged
Self-Instructional Manual (SIM) for

Self-Directed Learning (SDL)
Course/Subject: CE 545 – CE LAWS, CONTRACTS,

SPECIFICATION & ETHICS
Name of Teacher: Engr. DARIO A. CALAQUE, JR.
THIS SIM/SDL MANUAL IS A DRAFT VERSION ONLY; NOT FOR REPRODUCTION AND
DISTRIBUTION OUTSIDE OF ITS INTENDED USE. THIS IS INTENDED ONLY FOR THE
USE OF THE STUDENTS WHO ARE OFFICIALLY ENROLLED IN THE COURSE/SUBJECT.
EXPECT REVISIONS OF THE MANUAL.
2nd Floor, B&E Building
Matina Campus, Davao City
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Cover Page ………………………………………………………………………………………………. i
Table of Contents………………………………………………………………………………………. 1
Course Outline…………………………………………………………………………………………... 3
Course Outline Policy………………………………………………………………………………… 3
Course Information…………………………………………………………………………………… 6
Topic/ Activity
Unit Learning Outcomes- Unit 2…………………………………………………………………. 6
Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2a…………………………………………………………………..….. 6

Metalanguage…………………………………………………………………………………... 6
Essential Knowledge………………………………………………………………………… 7
Self-Help………………………………………………………………………………………….. 9
Let’s Check ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 9
Let’s Analyze…………………………………………………………………………………….. 11
In a Nutshell…………………………………………………………………………………….. 11
Q & A List ………………………………………………………………………………………… 11
Keywords Index………………………………………………………………………………. 12
Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2b…………………………………………………………………..….. 13

Metalanguage…………………………………………………………………………………... 13
Self-Help………………………………………………………………………………………….. 16
Let’s Check ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 16
Let’s Analyze…………………………………………………………………………………….. 17
In a Nutshell…………………………………………………………………………………….. 17
Q & A List ………………………………………………………………………………………… 17
Keywords Index………………………………………………………………………………. 17
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Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2c…………………………………………………………………..….. 18

Metalanguage…………………………………………………………………………………... 18
Self-Help………………………………………………………………………………………….. 24
Let’s Check ……………………………………………………………………………………….. 24
Let’s Analyze…………………………………………………………………………………….. 26
In a Nutshell…………………………………………………………………………………….. 26
Q & A List ………………………………………………………………………………………… 26
Keywords Index………………………………………………………………………………. 26
Course Schedules…………………………………………………………………..……………..….. 27
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Telefax: (082) 296-1084
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Course Outline: CE 545 – CE Laws, Contracts, Specification & Ethics
Course Coordinator: Dario A. Calaque, Jr.

Email: dcalaque@umindanao.edu.ph
Student Consultation: By appointment
Mobile: 0919-8559782
Phone: (082) 296-1084 or 300-5456 loc. 133
Effectivity Date: May 2020
Mode of Delivery: Blended (On-line with face to face or virtual sessions)
Time Frame: 54 hours
Student Workload: Expected Self-Directed Learning
Pre-requisite: 5th Year Standing
Co-requisite: None
Credit: 3.0 units lecture
Attendance Requirements: A minimum of 95% attendance is required at all
scheduled Virtual or face-to-face sessions
Course Outline Policy
Areas of Concern Details

Contact and Non-contact Hours This 2-unit course self-instructional manual is
designed for blended learning mode of instructional
delivery with scheduled face to face or virtual sessions.
The expected number of hours will be 54 including the
face-to-face or virtual sessions. The face-to-face
sessions shall include the summative assessment tasks
(exams).
Assessment Task Submission Submission of assessment tasks shall be on 3rd, 5th, 7th
and 9th week of the term. The assessment paper shall
be attached with a cover page indicating the title of the
assessment task (if the task is performance), the
name of the course coordinator, date of submission
and name of the student. The document should be
emailed to the course coordinator. It is also expected
that you already paid your tuition and other fees
before the submission of the assessment task.
If the assessment task is done in real time through the

features in the Blackboard Learning Management
System, the schedule shall be arranged ahead of time
by the course coordinator.
You will be required to take the Multiple-Choice

Question exam inside the University. This should be
scheduled ahead of time by your course coordinator.
This is non-negotiable for all licensure-based
programs.
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Turnitin Submission To ensure honesty and authenticity, all assessment

(if necessary) tasks are required to be submitted through Turnitin
with a maximum similarity index of 30% allowed. This
means that if your paper goes beyond 30%, the
students will either opt to redo her/his paper or
explain in writing addressed to the course coordinator
the reasons for the similarity. In addition, if the paper
has reached more than 30% similarity index, the
student may be called for a disciplinary action in
accordance with the University’s OPM on Intellectual
and Academic Honesty.
Please note that academic dishonesty such as cheating

and commissioning other students or people to
complete the task for you have severe punishments
(reprimand, warning, expulsion).
Penalties for Late The score for an assessment item submitted after the
Assignments/Assessments designated time on the due date, without an approved
extension of time, will be reduced by 5% of the
possible maximum score for that assessment item for
each day or part day that the assessment item is late.
However, if the late submission of assessment paper

has a valid reason, a letter of explanation should be
submitted and approved by the course coordinator. If
necessary, you will also be required to present/attach
evidences.
Return of Assignments/ Assessment tasks will be returned to you two (2)
Assessments weeks
after the submission. This will be returned by email or
via Blackboard portal.
For group assessment tasks, the course coordinator

will require some or few of the students for online or
virtual sessions to ask clarificatory questions to
validate the originality of the assessment task
submitted and to ensure that all the group members
are involved.
Assignment Resubmission You should request in writing addressed to the course
coordinator his/her intention to resubmit an
assessment task. The resubmission is premised on the
student’s failure to comply with the similarity index
and other reasonable grounds such as academic
literacy standards or other reasonable circumstances
e.g.
illness, accidents financial constraints.
Re-marking of Assessment You should request in writing addressed to the
Papers and Appeal program
coordinator your intention to appeal or contest the
score given to an assessment task. The letter should
explicitly explain the reasons/points to contest the
grade. The program coordinator shall communicate
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with the students on the approval and disapproval of

the
request.
If disapproved by the course coordinator, you can

elevate your case to the program head or the dean
with
the original letter of request. The final decision will
come from the dean of the college.
Grading System All culled from BlackBoard sessions and traditional
contact
Course discussions/exercises – 30%
1st formative assessment – 10%
2nd formative assessment – 10%
3rd formative assessment – 10%
All culled from on-campus/onsite sessions (TBA):

Final exam – 40%
Submission of the final grades shall follow the usual

University system and procedures.
Preferred Referencing Style Depends on the discipline; if uncertain or inadequate,
use the general practice of the APA 6th Edition.
Student Communication You are required to create a umindanao email
account which is a requirement to access the
BlackBoard portal.
Then, the course coordinator shall enroll the
students to have access to the materials and resources
of the course. All communication formats: chat,
submission of assessment tasks, requests etc. shall be
through the portal and other university recognized
platforms.
You can also meet the course coordinator in person

through the scheduled face to face sessions to raise
your issues and concerns.
For students who have not created their student email,

please contact the course coordinator or program
head.
Contact Details of the Dean Dr. Charlito L. Cañesares
Email: clcanesares@umindanao.edu.ph
Phone: (082) 296-1084 or 300-5456 loc. 133
Contact Details of the Program Engr. Showna Lee T. Sales
Head Email: ssales@umindanao.edu.ph
Phone: (082) 296-1084 or 300-5456 loc. 133
Students with Special Needs Students with special needs shall communicate with
the course coordinator about the nature of his or her
special needs. Depending on the nature of the need,
the course coordinator with the approval of the
program coordinator may provide alternative
assessment tasks or extension of the deadline of
submission of assessment tasks. However, the
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alternative assessment tasks should still be in the

service of achieving the desired course learning
outcomes.
Help Desk Contact Frida Santa O. Dagatan
Email: cee@umindanao.edu.ph
Phone: 0956-208-2442 / 082-2272902
Library Contact Brigida E. Bacani
Email: library@umindanao.edu.ph
Phone: 0951-376-6681
Course Information- see/download course syllabus in the BlackBoard LMS
CC’s Voice: Hello future engineer! Welcome to this course CE 545: CE Laws, Contracts, and
Specification and Ethics. By now, I am confident that you really wanted to pursue your path of
becoming a Civil Engineer. I hope that you maintain your focus and strive harder to achieve
your goal and finish this subject.
CO: Upon completion of the course, you are expected to:
CO 1. Identify and be aware of the Civil Engineering Laws, Code of Ethics and
Obligation.
CO 2. Be familiar with the standard contract and documents such as the pro-
forma constructions to Bidders, Technical Specifications, Bid documents,
Philippine Bidding Documents for consulting services and works.
Let ug begin!
Big Picture
Week 4-5: Unit Learning Outcomes-Unit 2 (ULO-2): At the end of the unit, you are expected to
a. Explain the right perspective of the nature, principles, and applicability of

the laws of obligation and contracts.
b. Recognize the proposition of ethical values
c. Understand the Civil Engineering Law
Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2a. Explain the right perspective of the nature,
principles, and applicability of the laws of obligation and contracts.
Metalanguage
The most essential terms below are defined for you to have a better understanding of
this section in the course.
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1. Ethical Dilemmas.
There are situations in which ethical reasons come into conflict or applications of
moral values are unclear, and it is difficult to justify what to be done. This scenario
are often termed as “Ethical or Moral Dilemmas”.
2. Moral Choices. It is a decisions involving moral values.

3. Moral Dimensions. Moral dimensions involves Safety, Environmental Protection,
Consumer Usefulness and Economic Benefits
Essential Knowledge
Ethical Dilemmas
There are situations in which ethical reasons come into conflict or applications of moral
values are unclear, and it is difficult to justify what to be done. This scenario are often
termed as “Ethical or Moral Dilemmas”. This dilemmas arise in the field of engineering
since moral values are many and varied and can create competing claims. Although
moral dilemmas comprise the hardest occasions for moral reasoning, they constitute a
small percentage of decisions involving moral values, also known as moral choices. For
instance, the design of aluminum cans clearly create an ethical dilemma. The dilemma
was what to do to balance usefulness to consumers with protection of the environment.
The first design of aluminum cans were opened with a separate can opener which
required additive manufacturing costs just to make the products readily available to the
consumers or buyers. The need of separate can openers caused inconvenience to the
consumers. To solve this issue, a simple stay- attached opener of the sort familiar today
was invented. This is also true for plastic bottles over glass bottles. Consumers can
opened plastic bottles by just rotating the cap through their hands while glass bottles
(old design) needs a separate can opener. A technological modernization deciphered
the dilemma in a manner that incorporated all the relevant moral values. If we clearly
and broadly understand moral choices, as decisions involving moral values, then the
development of aluminum cans can be understood as a series of routine moral choices
interspersed with occasional moral dilemmas. Moral values entered implicitly into the
decision-making process of engineers and their managers – decisions that probably
appeared to be purely technical or purely economic.
Four Moral Dimensions
Moral values for technical and economic decisions had moral dimensions in four
general directions:
1. Safety
2. Environmental Protection
3. Consumer Usefulness
4. Economic Benefits
Human Safety
Human safety is a moral value directly in the moral worth of human beings. Some
aspects of safety may seem minor such as slight cuts and minor injuries. However minor
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injuries might cause infections and even by themselves some moral significance may
unanticipated arose. Again, various kinds of poisoning might occur unless all materials
were tested under a range of conditions, and there may be potential industrial failure
during the manufacturing process. Finally, extensive testing was needed to ensure the
safety of human health.
Environmental Protection
Depending on one’s environmental ethic, injuries to wildlife might be understood as

direct moral harms to creatures recognized as having inherent worth, or instead as
indirect harms to human beings. The broader problem of environmental pollution
required corporate action in paying for recycled materials, community action in
developing the technologies for recycling, and changes in public policy and social
attitudes about recycling.
Consumer Usefulness
Consumer usefulness is a moral values masked under terms such as useful and
convenient products or design. This may refer to the moral connections, indirect or
minor to human happiness and well-being, especially when considered on the scale of
mass-produced products. In addition, the aesthetic moral values pertaining to the shape
and appearance of the design/products have some relevance to satisfying human
desires. Think about it, why people love to sip a carbonated beverage? It is because of
the convenient access to pleasant tasting liquids contributes to human well-being, after
all, water is a basic necessity.
Economic Benefits
Economic benefits to stakeholders in the corporation have moral implications. Money

matters, and it matters morally. Jobs provide the livelihood for workers and their
families that make possible the material goods that contribute to happiness and
survival. The corporation’s success contributes as well to the livelihood of suppliers and
retailers, as well as to stock holders.
Steps in Resolving Ethical Dilemmas
The steps in resolving ethical dilemmas are as follows:

1. Moral Clarity: Identify the relevant moral values
2. Conceptual Clarity: Be clear about key concepts
3. Informed about the facts: Obtain relevant information
4. Informed about the options: Consider all (realistic) options
5. Well-reasoned: Make a reasonable decision
Moral Clarity: Identify the relevant moral values
The most basic step in confronting ethical dilemmas is to become aware of them! This
means identifying the moral values and reasons applicable in the situation, and bearing
them in mind as further investigations are made. These values and reasons might be
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obligations, rights, goods, ideals (which might be desirable but not mandatory), or other
moral considerations.
Conceptual Clarity: Be clear about key concepts
Professionalism requires being a faithful agent of one’s employer, but does that mean
doing what one’s supervisor directs or doing what is good for the corporation in the
long run? These might be different things, in particular when one’s supervisor is
adopting a short-term view that could harm the long-term interests of the
corporation.
Informed about the facts: Obtain relevant information
This means gathering information that is pertinent in light of the applicable moral
values (as identified in step 1). Sometimes the primary difficulty in resolving moral
dilemmas is uncertainty about the facts, rather than conflicting values per se.
Informed about the options: Consider all (realistic) options
Initially, ethical dilemmas seem to force us into a two-way choice: Do this or do that.
Either bow to a supervisor’s orders or blow the whistle to the town authorities. A closer
look often reveals additional options. (Sometimes writing down the main options and
sub options as a matrix or decision tree ensures that all options are considered.)
Well-reasoned: Make a reasonable decision
Arrive at a carefully reasoned judgment by weighing all the relevant moral reasons and
facts. This is not a mechanical process that a computer or algorithm might do for us.
Instead, it is a deliberation aimed at integrating all the relevant reasons, facts, and
values—in a morally reasonable manner. If there is no ideal solution, as is often the
case, we seek a satisfactory one, what Herbert Simon dubbed “satisficing.”
Self-Help
In understanding the lesson, the book “Ethics and Professionalism, Introduction to

Engineering Ethics” by Martin et al. can be utilized.
Martin, Mike W., et al. (2010), Moral Reasoning and Codes of Ethics, Introduction to Engineering
Ethics (2nd Ed.) (pp. 27-47), Boston McGraw-Hill Higher Education
Let’s Check
Listed below are the activities that students must comply at the end of this topic:
 Class will be divided into groups with 10members (may varies by class size).
Each group have their assigned cases to solve.
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For Group 1:
Case 1. An inspector discovers faulty construction equipment and applies a violation
tag, preventing its continued use. The inspector’s supervisor, a construction manager,
views the case as a minor infraction of safety regulations and orders the tag removed
so the project will not be delayed. What should she do?
For Group 2:
Case 2. An engineer discovers that a colleague has been downloading restricted files
that contain trade secrets about a new product that the colleague is not personally
involved with. He knows the colleague has been having financial problems, and he fears
the colleague is planning to sell the secrets or perhaps leave the company and use them
in starting up his own company. Company policy requires him to inform his supervisor,
but the colleague is a close friend. Should he first talk with the friend about what he is
doing, or should he immediately inform his supervisor?
For Group 3:
Case 3. An engineer is volunteering as a mentor for a high school team competing in a
national contest to build a robot that straightens boxes. The plan was to help the
students on weekends for at most eight to ten hours. As the national competition nears,
the robot’s motor overheats, and the engine burns out. He wants to help the dispirited
students and believes his mentoring commitment requires he do more. But doing so
would involve additional evening work that could potentially harm his work, if not his
family.
For Group 4:
Case 4. During an investigation of a bridge collapse, Engineer A investigates another
similar bridge, and finds it to be only marginally safe. He contacts the governmental
agency responsible for the bridge and informs them of his concern for the safety of the
structure. He is told that the agency is aware of this situation and has planned to provide
in next year’s budget for its repair. Until then, the bridge must remain open to traffic.
Without this bridge, emergency vehicles such as police and fire apparatus would have
to use an alternate route that would increase their response time by approximately
twenty minutes. Engineer A is thanked for his concern and asked to say nothing about
the condition of the bridge. The agency is confident that the bridge will be safe.
For Group 5:
Case 5. A cafeteria in an office building has comfortable tables and chairs, indeed too
comfortable: They invite people to linger longer than the management desires. You are
asked to design uncomfortable ones to discourage such lingering.
You’re Task
 Students will create an essay about their assigned group cases. With regard to
each of the following cases, answer several questions.
a. What is the moral dilemma (or dilemmas), if any? In stating the

dilemma, make explicit the competing moral reasons involved.
b. Are there any concepts (ideas) involved in dealing with the moral
issues that it would be useful to clarify?
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c. What factual inquiries do you think might be needed in making a

reliable judgment about the case?
d. What are the options you see available for solving the dilemma?
e. Which of these options is required (obligatory, all things considered)
or permissible (all right)?
The essay must have at least 1000 words and must be Turnitin checked. The essay
must be emailed to the course coordinator for checking.
Let’s Analyze
Provide your personal idea of the following questions.
1. Cite examples of ethical dilemmas that you have experience and what did you do to
resolve that issue.
2. Identify and explain extensively the four moral dimensions
3. Identify and explain the ethical dilemmas faced by Civil Engineers.
You will be graded according to the grading criteria below.

Reason -2
Content -2
Accuracy -1
Nutshell
 In this activity, students are required to write a reflection paper about ethical dilemmas,
moral choices, moral dimensions and steps in resolving ethical dilemmas. Students must
cite an examples based on their own experience as an engineering students. In their
reflection paper, stories, studies, quotes and examples must be reflected. So spend plenty
of time reflecting on your thoughts about the assigned topics before picking up the pen
(or pecking away at the keyboard). Reflection paper are more than just an assignment.
They help you grow as a person.
Q&A List
The class will be divided into five groups for a video conference through messenger with the
Course Coordinator, to address significant concerns like questions and clarification about the
lesson topic.
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Keywords Index
Index: The keywords presented here will help you remember the concepts and essential
knowledge. Here are the few subject index.
C E M O
Civil Engineering Ethics Moral Choices Obligations
Law Ethical Dilemma Moral Values
R
R.A 544
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Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2b. Recognize the proposition of ethical values
Metalanguage
1. Importance of Codes.
Codes of ethics state the moral responsibilities of engineers as seen by the
profession and as represented by a professional society. Because they express the
profession’s collective commitment to ethics, codes are enormously important, not
only in stressing engineers’ responsibilities but also in supporting the freedom
needed to meet them.
2. Abuse of Codes.
When codes are not taken seriously within a profession, they amount to a kind of
window dressing that ultimately increases public cynicism about the profession.
Worse, codes occasion-ally stifle dissent within the profession and are abused in
other ways. Probably the worst abuse of engineering codes is to restrict honest
moral effort on the part of individual engineers to pre-serve the profession’s public
image and protect the status quo.
3. Limitation of Codes.
Codes are no substitute for individual responsibility in grappling with concrete
dilemmas. Most codes are restricted to general wording, and hence inevitably
contain substantial areas of vagueness. Thus, they may not be able to
straightforwardly address all situations. At the same time, vague wording may be
the only way new technical developments and shifting social and organizational
structures can be accommodated.
Essential Knowledge
IMPORTANCE OF CODES
Codes of ethics state the moral responsibilities of engineers as seen by the profession
and as represented by a professional society. Because they express the profession’s
collective commitment to ethics, codes are enormously important, not only in stressing
engineers’ responsibilities but also in supporting the freedom needed to meet them.
Eight Essential Roles on the Code of Ethics
1. Serving and Protecting the public

2. Guidance
3. Inspiration
4. Shared Standards
5. Support for responsible professionals
6. Education and Mutual Understanding
7. Deterrence and Discipline
8. Contributing to the profession’s image
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Serving and protecting the public
Engineering involves advanced expertise that professionals have and the public lacks,
and also considerable dangers to a vulnerable public. Accordingly, professionals stand
in a fiduciary relationship with the public: Trust and trustworthiness are essential. A
code of ethics functions as a commitment by the profession as a whole that engineers
will serve the public health, safety, and welfare. In one way or another, the remaining
functions of codes all contribute to this primary function.
Guidance
Codes provide helpful guidance by articulating the main obligations of engineers.

Because codes should be brief to be effective, they offer mostly general guidance.
Nonetheless, when well written, they identify primary responsibilities. More specific
directions may be given in supplementary statements or guidelines, which tell how to
apply the code
Inspiration
Because codes express a profession’s collective commitment to ethics, they provide a

positive stimulus (motivation) for ethical conduct. In a powerful way, they voice what it
means to be a member of a profession committed to responsible conduct in promoting
the safety, health, and welfare of the public. Although this paramount ideal is somewhat
vague, it expresses a collective commitment to the public good that inspires individuals
to have similar aspirations.
Shared Standards
The diversity of moral viewpoints among individual engineers makes it essential that
professions establish explicit standards, in particular minimum (but hopefully high)
standards. In this way, the public is assured of a standard of excellence on which it can
depend, and professionals are pro-vided a fair playing field in competing for clients
Support for responsible professionals
Codes give positive support to professionals seeking to act ethically. A publicly pro-
claimed code allows an engineer, under pressure to act unethically, to say: “I am bound
by the code of ethics of my profession, which states that . . .” This by itself gives engineers
some group backing in taking stands on moral issues. Moreover, codes can potentially
serve as legal support for engineers criticized for living up to work-related professional
obligations.
Education and Mutual Understanding

Codes can be used by professional societies and in the classroom to prompt discussion
and reflection on moral issues. Widely circulated and officially approved by professional
societies, codes encourage a shared understanding among professionals, the public, and
government organizations about the moral responsibilities of engineers. A case in point
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is NSPE’s BER, which actively promotes moral discussion by applying the NSPE code to
cases for educational purposes.
Deterrence and Discipline
Codes can also serve as the formal basis for investigating unethical conduct. Where such
investigation is possible, a deterrent for immoral behavior is thereby provided. Such an
investigation generally requires paralegal proceedings designed to get at the truth
about a given charge without violating the personal rights of those being investigated.
Unlike the American Bar Association and some other professional groups, engineering
societies cannot by themselves revoke the right to practice engineering in the United
States. Yet some professional societies do suspend or expel members whose
professional conduct has been proven unethical, and this alone can be a powerful
sanction when combined with the loss of respect from colleagues and the local
community that such action is bound to produce.
Contributing to the profession’s image
Codes can present a positive image to the public of an ethically committed profession.
Where warranted, the image can help engineers more effectively serve the public. It can
also win greater powers of self-regulation for the profession itself, while lessening the
demand for more government regulation. The reputation of a profession, like the
reputation of an individual professional or a corporation, is essential in sustaining the
trust of the public.
ABUSE OF CODES
When codes are not taken seriously within a profession, they amount to a kind of
window dressing that ultimately increases public cynicism about the profession. Worse,
codes occasion-ally stifle dissent within the profession and are abused in other ways.
Probably the worst abuse of engineering codes is to restrict honest moral effort on the
part of individual engineers to pre-serve the profession’s public image and protect the
status quo. Preoccupation with keeping a shiny public image may silence healthy
dialogue and criticism. And an excessive interest in protecting the status quo may lead
to a distrust of the engineering profession on the part of both government and the
public. The best way to increase trust is by encouraging and helping engineers to speak
freely and responsibly about public safety and well-being. This includes a tolerance for
criticisms of the codes themselves, rather than allowing codes to become sacred
documents that have to be accepted uncritically.
LIMITATION OF CODES
Codes are no substitute for individual responsibility in grappling with concrete
dilemmas. Most codes are restricted to general wording, and hence inevitably contain
substantial areas of vagueness. Thus, they may not be able to straightforwardly address
all situations. At the same time, vague wording may be the only way new technical
developments and shifting social and organizational structures can be accommodated.
Other uncertainties can arise when different entries in codes come into conflict with
each other. Usually codes provide little guidance as to which entry should have priority
in those cases. For example, as we have noted, tensions arise between stated
responsibilities to employers and to the wider public. Again, duties to speak honestly—
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not just to avoid deception, but also to reveal morally relevant truths—are sometimes
in tension with duties to maintain confidentiality.
Self-Help

Let’s Check
Answer the following scenario
Case 1. From the Web site of an engineering professional society, select a code of ethics
of interest to you, given your career plans; for example, the American Society of Civil
Engineers or the Philippine Institute of Civil Engineers. Selecting three or four specific
points to discuss. Compare it to the National Society of Professional Engineers (NSPE).
Do they state the same requirements with the same emphasis?
Case 2. With regard to the same two codes you used in question 1, list three examples
of responsibilities that you believe would be incumbent on engineers even if the written
code did not exist, and explain why. Also list two examples, if any, of responsibilities
created (entirely or in part) because the code was written as a consensus document
within the profession.
Let’s Analyze
Case 1. Research about the Holocaust, also known as the Shoah, a World War II
genocide of the European Jews. Reflection on the Holocaust led many anthropologists
and other social scientists to reconsider ethical relativism. The Holocaust also reminds
us of the power of custom, law, and social authority to shape conduct. Nazi Germany
relied on the expertise of engineers, as well as other professionals, in carrying out
genocide, as well as its war efforts. Do you agree that the Holocaust is a clear instance
of where a cross-cultural judgment about moral wrong and right can be made?
b. Judging actions to be immoral is one thing; blaming persons for wrongdoing is
another (where blame is a morally negative attitude toward a person). Present and
defend your view about whether the Nazi engineers and other professionals are
blameworthy. Is blaming pointless, because the past is past? Or is cross-cultural blame,
at least in this extreme instance, an important way of asserting values that we cherish?
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Case 2. Moral skeptics challenge whether sound moral reasoning is possible. An

extreme form of moral skepticism is called ethical subjectivism: Moral judgments
merely express feelings and attitudes, not beliefs that can be justified or unjustified by
appeal to moral reasons. The most famous version of ethical subjectivism is called
emotivism: Moral statements are merely used to express emotions—to emote—and to
try to influence other people’s behavior, but they are not supportable by valid moral
reasons. What is your personal opinion about ethical subjectivism? What should be said
in reply to the ethical subjectivism?
Nutshell
In this activity, students are required to write a reflection paper about Eight
Essential Roles on the Code of Ethics. In their reflection paper, stories, studies, quotes
and examples must be reflected. So spend plenty of time reflecting on your thoughts
about the assigned topics before picking up the pen (or pecking away at the keyboard).
Reflection paper are more than just an assignment. They help you grow as a person.
Q&A List
The class will be divided into five groups for a video conference through messenger
with the Course Coordinator, to address significant concerns like questions and
clarification about the lesson topic.
Keywords Index
C D E I
Civil Engineering Deterrence Ethics Inspirations
Law Discipline Ethical Dilemma
Contribution to Education
profession’s image
G M O S
Guidance Moral Choices Obligations Shared Standards
Moral Values Support
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Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2c. Understand the Civil Engineering Law
Metalanguage
1. Civil Engineering Law.

The Civil Engineering Law, Republic Act No. 544, which governs the practice of civil
engineering in the Philippines, was last amended 54 years ago. The civil engineer is
constantly challenged to design and build developments in a manner that is
environmentally sound socially acceptable and globally competitive.
Essential Knowledge
Republic Act No. 544*

(As Amended by R.A. 1582)
An Act to Regulate the Practice of Civil Engineering in the Philippines
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the Philippines in Congress
assembled:
Article I
TITLE OF THE ACT AND DEFINITION OF TERMS
Section 1. Title of Act.” This Act shall be known as the “Civil Engineering Law.”
Section 2. Definition of Terms.”
(a) The practice of civil engineering within the meaning and intent of this Act shall embrace
services in the form of consultation, design, preparation of plans, specifications, estimates,
erection, installation and supervision of the construction of streets, bridges, highways, railroads,
airports and hangars, port works, canals, river and shore improvements, lighthouses, and dry
docks; buildings, fixed structures for irrigation, flood protection, drainage, water supply and
sewerage works; demolition of permanent structures; and tunnels. The enumeration of any
work in this section shall not be construed as excluding any other work requiring civil
engineering knowledge and application.
(b) The term “civil engineer” as used in this act shall mean a person duly registered with the
Board for Civil Engineers in the manner as hereinafter provided.
Article II
BOARD OF EXAMINERS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS
Section 3. Composition of Board.” Within thirty days after the approval of this Act there shall
be created a Board of Examiners for Civil Engineers, hereinafter referred to as the Board, to be
composed of a chairman and two members who shall be appointed by the President of the
Philippines, upon recommendation of the Commissioner of PRC. The members of the Board shall
hold office for a term of three years after appointment or until their successors shall have been
appointed and shall have qualified. The first members of the Board appointed under this Act
shall hold office for the following terms: One member for one year; one member for two years;
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and one member for three years. Each member of the Board shall qualify by taking the proper
oath of office before entering upon the performance of his duties. Any member of the Board may
be removed by the President of the Philippines, upon recommendation by the Professional
Regulation Commission for neglect of duty, incompetency, malpractice, unprofessional,
unethical, immoral, or dishonorable conduct, after having been given opportunity to defend
himself in a proper administrative investigation: Provided, That during the process of
investigation, the President of the Philippines, upon the recommendation of the PRC, shall have
the power to suspend such member under investigation and shall appoint a temporary member
in his place. Vacancies in the Board shall be filled for the unexpired term only.
Section 4. Powers and Duties of the Board.” The Board for Civil Engineers is vested with
authority, conformable with the provisions of this Act, to administer oaths, issue, suspend and
revoke certificates of registration for the practice of civil engineering, issue certificates of
recognition to civil engineers already registered under this Act for advanced studies, research,
and/or highly specialized training in any branch of civil engineering subject to the approval of
the PRC, to investigate such violations of this Act and the regulations, there under as may come
to the knowledge of the Board and, for this purpose, issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum
to secure appearance of witnesses in connection with the charges presented to the Board, to
inspect at least once a year educational institutions offering courses in civil engineering, civil
engineering works, projects or corporations, established in the Philippines and, for
safeguarding of life, health and property, to discharge such other powers and duties as may
affect ethical and technological standards of the civil engineering profession in the Philippines.
For the purpose of this Act, the Director of Public Works and/or his authorized representative
in the provinces and chartered cities shall be ex-officio agents of the Board and as such it shall
be their duty to help in the enforcement of the provisions of this Act. The Board may, with the
approval of the Professional Regulation Commission issue such rules and regulations as may be
deemed necessary to carry out the provisions of this Act. The board shall also adopt a code of
ethics in the practice of civil engineering and have an official seal to authenticate its official
documents.
Section 5. Qualifications of Board Members.” Each member of the Board shall, at the time of his
appointment:
a. Be a citizen and resident of the Philippines;

b. Be at least thirty years of age and of good moral character;
c. Be a graduate of civil engineering from a recognized and legally constituted school, institute,
college or university.
d. Be a registered civil engineer duly qualified to practice civil engineering in the Philippines;
e. Have practiced civil engineering, with a certificate as such, for a period of not less than ten
years prior to his appointment.
f. Not be a member of the faculty of any school, institute, college, or university where civil
engineering course is taught, nor have a pecuniary interest in such institutions;
g. No former members of the faculty of any school, institute or university where civil engineering
is taught can become a member of the Board unless he had stopped teaching for at least three
consecutive years.
Section 6. Fees and Compensation of Board.” The Board for Civil Engineers shall charge for each
application for examination the sum of P100 (one hundred) payable to the collecting and
disbursing officer of the PRC upon filing of said application, and for each certificate of
registration, fifty pesos. Each member of the Board shall receive a compensation of fifteen pesos
for each applicant examined. A civil engineer in the service of the Government of the Republic
of the Philippines appointed as member of the Board shall receive the compensation as herein
provided, in addition to his salary in the Government. All authorized expenses of the Board,
including the compensation provided for herein, shall be paid by the collecting and disbursing
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officer of the PRC out of such appropriation as may be made for the purpose. (See RA 6511 & PD
223)
Section 7. Annual Report.” The Board shall, at the end of each fiscal year, submit to the PRC a
detailed report of its activities and proceedings during the period covered by the fiscal year
ended.
Article III
EXAMINATION AND REGISTRATION
Section 8. Examination Requirement.” All applicants for registration for the practice of civil
engineering shall be required to pass a technical examination as hereinafter provided.
Section 9. Holding of Examination.” Examination of candidates desiring to practice civil

engineering in the Philippines shall be given in the City of Manila of each year, provided that
such days do not fall on official holidays, otherwise the examinations shall be held on the day’s
next following.
Section 10. Subjects of Examination.” Applicants for certificate of registration as civil engineer
shall be examined, in the discretion of the Board, on the following subjects: mathematics,
including algebra, plane and spherical trigonometry, analytics, descriptive and solid geometry,
differential and integral calculus, and rational and applied mechanics; hydraulics; surveying,
including highway and railroad surveying; plane, topographic and hydrographic surveying, and
advance surveying; design and construction of highways and railroads, masonry structures,
wooden and reinforced concrete buildings, bridges, towers, walls, foundations, piers, ports,
wharves, aqueducts, sanitary engineering works, water supply systems, dikes, dams and
irrigation and drainage canals.
Section 11. Executive Officer of the Board.” The Commissioner of Professional Regulation
Commission shall be the executive officer of the Board and shall conduct the examinations given
by the said Board. He shall designate any subordinate officer of the Professional Regulation
Commission to act as the Secretary and custodian of all records including examination papers
and minutes of the deliberation of the Board.
Section 12. Qualifications for Examination.” Any person applying for admission to the civil
engineering examination as herein provided shall, prior to the date of the examination, establish
to the satisfaction of the Board that he has the following qualifications:
a. Be at least twenty-one years of age;

b. Be a citizen of the Philippines;
c. Be of good reputation and moral character; and
d. Be a graduate of a four-year course in civil engineering from a school, institute, college or
university recognized by the Government or the State wherein it is established.
Section 13. Oath of Civil Engineers.” All successful candidates in the examination shall be
required to take a professional oath before the Board of Civil Engineers or other Government
Officials authorized to administer oaths, prior to entering upon the practice of the civil
engineering profession.
Section 14. Seal and Use of Seal.” All registered civil engineers shall obtain a seal of such design
as the Board shall authorize and direct: Provided, however, that the serial number of the
certificate issued by the Board shall be included in the design of the seal. Plans and specifications
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prepared by, or under the direct supervision of a registered civil engineer shall be stamped with
said seal during the life of the registrant’s certificate, and it shall be unlawful for anyone to stamp
or seal any documents with said seal after the certificate of registrant named thereon has
expired or has been revoked, unless said certificate shall have been renewed or re-issued.
Section 15. Exemption from Registration.”
1. Registration shall not be required of the following persons:
a. Officers or enlisted men of the United States and Philippine Armed Forces, and civilian
employees of the Government of the United States stationed in the Philippines while rendering
civil engineering services for the United States and/or Philippines.
b. Civil engineers or experts called in by the Philippine Government for consultation, or specific
design and construction of fixed structures as defined under this Act, provided that their
practice shall be limited to such work.
2. Any person residing in the Philippines may make plans on specifications for any of the
following:
a. Any building in chartered cities or in towns with building ordinances, not exceeding the space
requirement specified therein, requiring the services of a civil engineer.
b. Any wooden building enlargement or alteration which is to be used for farm purposes only
and costing not more than ten thousand pesos.
c. Provided, however. That there shall be nothing in this Act that will prevent any person from
constructing his own (wooden or light material) residential house, utilizing the services of a
person or persons required for the purpose, without the use of a civil engineer, as long as he
does not violate local ordinances of the place where the building is to be constructed.
3. Nor shall anything in this Act prevent draftsmen, student clerk-or-work, superintendents,
and other employees of those lawfully engaged in the practice of civil engineering under the
provisions of this Act, from acting under the instruction, control or supervision of their
employer.
4. Nor shall anything in this Act prevent any person who prior to the approval of this Act have
been lawfully engaged in the practice of “maestro de obras” to continue as such, provided
they shall not undertake the making of plans supervision for the following classes of work:
a. Building of concrete whether reinforced or not.

b. Building of more than two stories.
c. Building with frames of structural steel.
d. Building of structures intended for public gathering or assemblies such as theaters,
cinematographs, stadia, churches, or structures of like nature.
5. Nor shall anything in this Act prevent professional architects and engineers to practice their
professions.
Section 16. Refusal to Issue Certificate.” The Board for Civil Engineers shall not issue a
certificate to any person convicted by a court of competent jurisdiction of any criminal offense
involving moral turpitude, or to any person guilty of immoral or dishonorable conduct, or to any
person guilty of immoral or dishonorable conduct, or to any person of unsound mind. In the
event of a refusal to issue a certificate to any person, the Board shall give to the applicant a
written statement setting forth its reason for such action, which statement shall be incorporated
in the records of the Board.
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Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133
Section 17. Suspension and Revocation of Certificates. “ The Board shall have the power, after
due notice and hearings to suspend or revoke the certificate of registration for any cause
mentioned in the preceding section.
Section 18. Re-issue and Replacement of Certificates. “The Board may, after the expiration of
one year from the date of certificate of registration is revoked and for reasons it may deem
sufficient, entertain an application for a new certificate of registration from the registrant
concerned. Such application shall be accomplished in the same form prescribed for examination,
but the Board may, in its discretion, exempt the applicant from taking the requisite examination.
Section 19. Transitory Provisions.” As soon as this Act takes effect, any person desiring to
practice the profession of civil engineering shall be required to obtain a certificate of
registration in the manner and under the conditions hereinafter provided. All civil engineers
duly licensed under the provisions of Act Numbered Twenty-nine hundred and eighty-five, as
amended, at the time this Act takes effect, shall be automatically registered under the provisions
hereof. Certificates of registration held by such persons in good standing shall have the same
force and effect as though the same have been issued under the provisions of this Act. All
graduates in civil engineering from a school, institute, college, or university recognized by the
Government who have passed the civil service examination for senior civil engineer and have
been practicing or employed in the Government as such during five years are exempted from
taking examination.
Article IV
ENFORCEMENT OF ACT AND PENAL PROVISIONS
Section 20. Enforcement of the Act by officers of the law.” It shall be the duty of all duly
constituted law officers of the national, provincial, city and municipal governments, or any
political subdivisions thereof, to enforce the provisions of this Act and to prosecute any person
violating the same.
Section 21. Registration required.” Unless exempt from registration, no person shall practice
or offer to practice civil engineering in the Philippines without having obtained the proper
certificate of registration from the Board for Civil Engineers.*
Section 22. Penal provisions.” Any person who shall practice or offer to practice civil
engineering in the Philippines without being registered in accordance with the provisions of
this Act or any person presenting or attempting to use as his own the certificate of registration
of a registered civil engineer, or any person who shall give any false or forged evidence of any
kind to the Board, or any person who shall impersonate any registrant civil engineer of different
name or any person who shall attempt to use a revoked or suspended certificate of registration,
or any person who shall use in connection with his name or otherwise assume, use or advertise
any title or description tending to convey the impression that he is a civil engineer, without
holding a valid certificate of registration, or any person who shall violate any of the provision of
this Act, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor and shall, upon conviction, be sentenced to a fine of
not less than five hundred pesos nor more than two thousand pesos, or to suffer imprisonment
for a period of not less than six months not more than one year, or both, in the discretion of the
court.
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Article V
MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
Section 23. Preparation of plans and supervisions of construction by registered civil engineer.”
It shall be unlawful for any person to order or otherwise cause the construction, reconstruction,
or alteration of any building or structure intended for public gathering or assembly such as
theaters, cinematographs, stadia, churches or structures of like nature, and any other
engineering structures mentioned in section two of this Act unless the designs, plans, and
specifications of same have been prepared under the responsible charge of, and signed and
sealed by a registered civil engineer, and unless the construction, reconstruction and/or
alteration thereof are executed under the responsible charge and direct supervision of a civil
engineer. Plans and designs of structures must be approved as provided by law or ordinance of
a city or province or municipality where the said structure is to be constructed.
Section 24. The practice of civil engineering is a professional service, admission to which must
be determined upon individual, personal qualifications. Hence, no firm, partnership,
corporation or association may be registered or licensed as such for the practice of civil
engineering: Provided, however, That persons properly registered and licensed as civil
engineers may, among themselves or with a person or persons properly registered and licensed
as architects, form, and obtain registration of, a firm, partnership or association using the term
“Engineers” or “Engineers and Architects,” but, nobody shall be a member or partner of such
firm, partnership or association unless he is duly licensed civil engineer or architect, and the
members who are civil engineers shall only render work and services proper for a civil engineer,
as defined in this Act, and the members who are architects shall also only render work and
services proper for an architect, as defined in the law regulating the practice of architecture;
individual members of such firms, partnership or association shall be responsible for their own
respective acts.
Section 25. Reciprocity requirements.” No person who is not a citizen of the Philippines at the
time he applies to take the examination shall be allowed to take it unless he can prove in the
manner provided by the Rules of Court that, by specific provision of law, the country of which
he is a citizen, subject, or national either admits citizens of the Philippines to the practice of the
same profession without restriction or allows them to practice it after an examination on terms
of strict and absolute equality with citizens, subjects, or nationals of the country concerned,
including the unconditional recognition of degrees issued by institutions of learning duly
recognized for the purpose by the Government of the Philippines: Provided, That if he is not a
citizen of the Philippines, and was admitted to the practice of a profession in the Philippines
after December 8, 1941, his active practice in that profession, either in the Philippines or in the
state or country where he was practicing his profession, shall not have been interrupted for a
period of two years or more prior to July 4, 1946, and that the country or state from which he
comes allows the citizens of the Philippines by specific provision of law, to practice the same
profession without restriction or on terms of strict and absolute equality with citizens, subjects
or nationals of the country or state concerned.
Section 26. Roster of civil engineers.” A roster showing the names and places of business of all
registered civil engineers shall be prepared by the Commissioner of PRC periodically but at least
once a year. Copies of this roster shall be placed on file with the PRC and furnished to all
department heads, mayors of all chartered cities, to the Director of Public Works, to such other
Bureaus, government entities or agencies and municipal and provincial authorities as may be
deemed necessary and to the public upon request.
Section 27. Repeal.” All laws, parts of laws, orders, ordinances, or regulations in conflict with
the provisions hereof; including parts of Act Numbered Twenty-nine hundred and eighty-five,
as amended, as pertains to the practice of civil engineering, are hereby repealed, except the
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provisions of Act Numbered Thirty- one hundred and fifty nine amending Act Numbered
Twenty-nine hundred and eighty-five, pertaining to the practice of “maestro de obras.”
Section 28. Construction of Act.” If any part or section of this Act shall be declared
unconstitutional, such declarations shall not invalidate the other provisions hereof.
Section 29. Effectivity.” This Act shall take effect upon its approval.
Approved, June 17, 1950 (As amended by R.A. No. 1582, approved on June 16, 1956).
.
Self-Help

Let’s Check
 Students 1 and 2 will report

a. Understanding the RA 544, Civil Engineering Law
Students 1 and 2 will create a video presentation of the given topic of at least 15 minutes
duration. The video file must be emailed to the course coordinator for assessment and
grade. The rubric for video reporting will be uploaded in Blackboard. Also, the video file
will be uploaded in blackboard after the validation is done by the course coordinator.
 Students will create an essay of about the Civil Engineering Law (as a whole). Students
will elaborate why it is important to apply the civil engineering law at work. The essay
must have at least 500 words and must be Turnitin checked. The essay must be emailed
to the course coordinator for checking.
The essay will be graded according to the grading rubric provided below.
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Let’s Analyze
Provide your personal idea of the following questions.
1. When should you involve a civil engineer in a building project?

2. What is the role of a civil engineer in building design?
3. What kind of person makes a good civil engineer?
4. What advice do you have for someone considering a career in civil engineering?
5. What are some different things you can do with a Civil Engineering Career?
You will be graded according to the grading criteria below.

Reason -2
Content -2
Accuracy -1
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Nutshell
In this activity, students are required to write a reflection paper about Civil Engineering
Law. Take note, for you to be called as a licensed civil engineer, you need to pass the civil
engineering board examinations (which is also included in the civil engineering law). What
would be your advice to yourself? What would be your actions? In their reflection paper, stories,
studies, quotes and examples must be reflected. So spend plenty of time reflecting on your
thoughts about the assigned topics before picking up the pen (or pecking away at the keyboard).
Reflection paper are more than just an assignment. They help you grow as a person.
Q&A List
The class will be divided into five groups for a video conference through messenger with the
Course Coordinator, to address significant concerns like questions and clarification about the
lesson topic.
Keywords Index
C D E I
Civil Engineering Deterrence Ethics Inspirations
Law Discipline Ethical Dilemma
Contribution to Education
profession’s image
G M O S
Guidance Moral Choices Obligations Shared Standards
Moral Values Support
Page 26 of 28
Telefax: (082) 296-1084
Phone No.: (082)300-5456/300-0647 Local 133
Part 3: Course Schedules
This section calendars all the activities and exercises, including readings and lectures, as well
as time for making assignments and doing other requirements, in a programmed schedule by
days and weeks, to help the students in SDL pacing, regardless of mode of delivery (OBD or
DED). Note: Reading assignments can be calendared for 3 days or for week with performance
tasks (essay or reflection paper).
Activity Date Where to submit

ULO - 2
Big Picture A: Let’s Check Activities June 18, 2020 BB’s assignment feature
Big Picture A: Let’s Analyze Activities June 18, 2020 BB’s assignment feature
Big Picture A: In a Nutshell Activities June 19, 2020 BB’s forum feature
Big Picture A: QA List June 19, 2020 BB’s discussion feature
Big Picture B: Let’s Check Activities June 22, 2020 BB’s assignment feature
Big Picture B: Let’s Analyze Activities June 22, 2020 BB’s assignment feature
Big Picture B: In a Nutshell Activities June 23, 2020 BB’s forum feature
Big Picture B: QA List June 23, 2020 BB’s discussion feature
Big Picture B: Let’s Check Activities June 26, 2020 BB’s assignment feature
Big Picture B: Let’s Analyze Activities June 26, 2020 BB’s assignment feature
Big Picture B: In a Nutshell Activities June 26, 2020 BB’s forum feature
Big Picture B: QA List June 26, 2020 BB’s discussion feature
Second Exam June 27, 2020 CF’s email
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- END OF MANUAL - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Page 27 of 28

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UNIVERSITY OF MINDANAO

College of Engineering Education

Physically Distanced but Academically Engaged

Self-Instructional Manual (SIM) for

Course/Subject: CE 545 – CE LAWS, CONTRACTS,

Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2a…………………………………………………………………..….. 6

Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2b…………………………………………………………………..….. 13

Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2c…………………………………………………………………..….. 18

Course Outline: CE 545 – CE Laws, Contracts, Specification & Ethics

Course Coordinator: Dario A. Calaque, Jr.

Course Outline Policy

Areas of Concern Details

If the assessment task is done in real time through the

You will be required to take the Multiple-Choice

Turnitin Submission To ensure honesty and authenticity, all assessment

Please note that academic dishonesty such as cheating

However, if the late submission of assessment paper

For group assessment tasks, the course coordinator

with the students on the approval and disapproval of

If disapproved by the course coordinator, you can

All culled from on-campus/onsite sessions (TBA):

Submission of the final grades shall follow the usual

You can also meet the course coordinator in person

For students who have not created their student email,

alternative assessment tasks should still be in the

Course Information- see/download course syllabus in the BlackBoard LMS

CO: Upon completion of the course, you are expected to:

a. Explain the right perspective of the nature, principles, and applicability of

2. Moral Choices. It is a decisions involving moral values.

Four Moral Dimensions

Depending on one’s environmental ethic, injuries to wildlife might be understood as

Economic benefits to stakeholders in the corporation have moral implications. Money

Steps in Resolving Ethical Dilemmas

The steps in resolving ethical dilemmas are as follows:

Moral Clarity: Identify the relevant moral values

Conceptual Clarity: Be clear about key concepts

Informed about the facts: Obtain relevant information

Informed about the options: Consider all (realistic) options

Well-reasoned: Make a reasonable decision

In understanding the lesson, the book “Ethics and Professionalism, Introduction to

a. What is the moral dilemma (or dilemmas), if any? In stating the

c. What factual inquiries do you think might be needed in making a

Provide your personal idea of the following questions.

You will be graded according to the grading criteria below.

Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2b. Recognize the proposition of ethical values

Eight Essential Roles on the Code of Ethics

1. Serving and Protecting the public

Serving and protecting the public

Codes provide helpful guidance by articulating the main obligations of engineers.

Because codes express a profession’s collective commitment to ethics, they provide a

Support for responsible professionals

Education and Mutual Understanding

Deterrence and Discipline

Contributing to the profession’s image

In understanding the lesson, the book “Ethics and Professionalism, Introduction to

Answer the following scenario

Case 2. Moral skeptics challenge whether sound moral reasoning is possible. An

Big Picture in Focus: ULO-2c. Understand the Civil Engineering Law

1. Civil Engineering Law.

Republic Act No. 544*

TITLE OF THE ACT AND DEFINITION OF TERMS

BOARD OF EXAMINERS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERS

a. Be a citizen and resident of the Philippines;