Introduction To Hyperworks Desktop For CFD Analysis 2017

HyperWorks Desktop for CFD Analysis
Introduction to HyperWorks Desktop for CFD Analysis 2017
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents
HyperWorks for CFD Applications
Chapter 1: Using HyperWorks for CFD Applications ...................................... 5
Chapter 2: CFD Meshing in HyperMesh ........................................................... 7
Chapter 3: 2D Meshing and Quality Checks for CFD ....................................... 9
Exercise 3a: 2D meshing on an airduct .......................................................................... 9
Exercise 3b: Element Checks and Cleanup of 2D Mesh .............................................. 14
Chapter 4: 3D CFD Meshing ............................................................................ 19
Exercise 4a: Creating a Boundary Layer and Tetra Mesh using Mesh Controls .......... 19
Exercise 4b: Creating a Hybrid Grid with Barying Boundary Layer Thickness ............. 28
Exercise 4c: Hex-core Meshing with a Boundary Layer (optional) ............................... 33
Exercise 4d: Creating a Wind Tunnel Mesh (optional) ................................................. 38
Exercise 4e: Wrapping a PowerTrain Model ................................................................ 50
Exercise 4f: Remeshing a Tetramesh in the Region of a Baffle .................................. 51
Chapter 5: Exporting a Model to a CFD Solver .............................................. 59
Exercise 5a: Organizing and Exporting a Model for CFD Analysis .............................. 60
Exercise 5b: Exporting a Model for AcuSolve Analysis ................................................ 63
HyperWorks 2017 HyperWorks for CFD Applications 3
Proprietary Information of Altair Engineering, Inc

Table of Contents
Chapter 6: Post-Processing CFD Results with HyperView .......................... 69
Exercise 6a: Contour and Vector Plotting on Cross Sections

and Generating Streamlines ......................................................................................... 70
HyperWorks for CFD Applications 4 HyperWorks 2017

Chapter 1: Using HyperWorks for CFD Applications
Chapter 1
Using HyperWorks for CFD

Applications

Chapter 1: Using HyperWorks for CFD Applications

Chapter 2: CFD Meshing in HyperMesh
Chapter 2
CFD Meshing in HyperMesh

Chapter 2: CFD Meshing in HyperMesh

Chapter 3: 2D Meshing and Quality Checks for CFD
Chapter 3
2D Meshing and Quality Checks

for CFD
Exercise 3a: 2D meshing of an airduct

This exercise will cover how to create a 2D mesh using the Automesh panel. The size
and bias as well as the surface deviation subpanels will be used. While using the
surface deviation subpanel, geometry will be selected to refine the mesh is localized
areas.
Step 1: Load the model airduct_cfd.hm.
Step 2: Use the Mesh Controls to create a size and bias mesh
1. From the pulldown menu, open the Mesh Controls by selecting Mesh > Mesh
Controls.
2. Right click on Surface Mesh and select Create > Model > Size and Bias >
Surfaces.

This creates a mesh control for size and bias. Next we will update the parameters
and create the mesh.
3. Next to Entities, click on 0 Surfaces to activate the surface selector.
4. Click on the yellow Surfaces button to open the surface selector in the panel area
and select surfs >> displayed and then proceed.
5. For Element size enter 5.0.
6. For Element type select Trias.
7. Expand the Advanced section and then the Organization section.
8. Set Destination Component to Original.
9. Right click on Surface Mesh and select Mesh.

10. Review the created mesh by manipulating the part using the Pan, Rotate and Zoom
functions.
Notice how the mesh deviates from the surface slightly in areas of high surface
curvature. These areas can be captured better using the surface deviation
meshing option.
Step 3: Create a surface deviation mesh control and mesh

1. Within Mesh Controls, right click on Surface Mesh and select Create > Model >
Surface Deviation > Surfaces.
This creates another Model mesh control. Notice how the mesh control we are now
creating has been Enabled and the size and bias mesh control was disabled.
2. To remesh the displayed surfaces, next to Entities, click on 0 Surfaces to activate
the surface selector.
3. Click on the on the yellow Surfaces button to open the surface selector in the panel
area and select surfs >> displayed and then proceed.
4. Next we will set the Main settings. For Minimum Size enter 2.0.
5. For Maximum Size enter 5.0.
6. For Growth Rate enter 1.15.
7. Verify that Maximum Deviation is set to 0.1 and Maximum Feature Angle is set
to 15.
8. For Element Type, select Trias.
9. Right click on Surface Mesh and select Mesh to create the mesh.

10. When the meshing is complete, zoom into the model to inspect the mesh. Notice
that in areas of high surface curvature there are smaller elements.
Step 4: Refining an area of the mesh using a Local Mesh Control

Using a local mesh control allows you to apply an element size localized area.
1. Within Mesh Controls, right click on Surface Mesh and select Create > Local >
Surface Deviation > Surfaces.
2. To set a local control on a surface, next to Entities, click on 0 Surfaces to activate

the surface selector.
3. Click on the yellow Surfaces button to open the surface selector in the panel area
and select the surface shown below and then proceed.

4. Next we will set the Main settings. For Minimum Size enter 2.0.
5. For Maximum Size enter 3.0.
Notice that this is different than the Model mesh size, which is 5.
6. For Growth Rate enter 1.15.
7. Verify that Maximum Deviation is set to 0.1 and Maximum Feature Angle is set to
15.
8. For Element Type, select Trias.
9. Right click on Surface Mesh and select Mesh to create the mesh.

Exercise 3b: Element Checks and Cleanup of 2D Mesh

This exercise will cover how to check shell elements and also how to edit or cleanup
those elements. The check elems and the quality index panels will be used, as well as
the edit elem panel.
Step 1: Load the model airduct_cfd_meshed.hm.
Step 2: Check the quality of the elements using the check elems panel.
1. Load the Check Elems panel by going to Mesh > Check > Elements > Check
Elements.
2. Verify that you are in the 2-d subpanel.

3. To check the elements for the various element checks, click on the green boxes.
As message will appear in the message bar indicating the number of elements
that failed the element check. Try out the various checks and see how many
elements are failing the element checks.
4. Because the mesh is purely tria elements, the checks for the quad elements are
not relevant. Under trias, set the min angle to 25 and then click on min angle
to see how many elements fail this element check.
In the message bar, it says that 3 elements have failed the check.
5. Select save failed to save the failed elements to the user mark.
6. Click return to exit the panel.
Step 3: Isolate the failed elements using the Mask panel
1. To access the mask panel, simply click on Mask .
2. To retrieve the failed elements, click on elems and select retrieve.

3. In order to mask all elements besides the failed elements, the selection needs to
be reversed. To reverse the selection, click elems >> reverse.
4. Click mask to mask the elements.
Now all the elements in the model are turned off except the 3 that failed the element
check.
5. Click on Unmask Adjacent to add the elements surrounding the displayed

elements to the view.
6. Select Unmask Adjacent two more times.
7. Change the surface shading mode to Wireframe Geometry to easily see

the elements
Notice that there are two groups of elements displayed.
Step 4: Use the Quality Index panel to fix one region of elements
1. Enter the Quality Index panel by going to Mesh > Check > Elements > Quality
Index.
2. The only check we are currently interested in is the min angle tria. Turn off all
the other checks by unchecking the box before the name of the element check.

3. To view additional checks, click on the arrow pointing to the right, , after pg1.
4. Again turn off all checks except for min angle tria on pg2.
5. Update the threshold value to 25.
6. Zoom into the group of elements on the right side of the graphics area:
7. Notice that one element is colored yellow. This indicates that the element is
failing the element check. In the panel, click on cleanup tools and select node
optimize button and then select one of the nodes of the failing element.
This will optimize the placement of the node so that the element has the most
optimal shape possible. In this case, the element now passes the quality check.
Before node optimization After node optimization

10. Press f on the keyboard to fit the model to the screen and then zoom in on the other
group of elements.
11. This time select element optimize.
Before element optimize After element optimize
12. Click return twice to return to the main menu.
13. Select Unmask All, , and then press f on the keyboard to display all elements in
the model in the graphics area.
14. Use the Zoom, Pan, and Rotate functions to inspect the edited mesh.
15. Return to the Check Elements panel and recheck the tria min angle check. Now 0
elements will be found.


Chapter 4: 3D CFD Meshing
Chapter 4
3D CFD Meshing
Exercise 4a: Creating a Boundary Layer and Tetra Mesh using
Mesh Controls
In the following example, you will set up the mesh controls and generate the mesh for the model.
Step 1: Load the CFD user profile and Model File

1. Click Preferences > User Profiles….
2. In the Application field, select Engineering Solutions.
3. Select the radio button for CFD and General from the drop-down menu.
4. Click OK.
5. From the menu bar, select File > Open > Model.
6. Select the manifold_premesh.hm file from the Ch4 directory.
7. Click Open to load this manifold_premesh.hm file containing the surface mesh.
Step 2: Open the Mesh Controls Browser
1. Select Mesh > Mesh Controls from the menu bar.
This will open the Mesh Controls browser in the tab area.

Mesh Controls browser lets you access all the different meshing technologies in the single
browser window. As you can see in the figure above, there are options to generate the surface
mesh, volume mesh, refinement zones etc. Within these options, there are associated model,
local, feature and refinement controls available. The model controls apply to the entire model.
The local controls apply to a specific entity in the model (surface/elements).
You will start with creating a surface mesh model control, followed by a volume mesh model
control with boundary layers active. You will then add a volume mesh local control for the
surfaces which do not require a boundary layer.
Step 3: Setting up the Surface Mesh Controls
1. Right click on Surface Mesh in the Mesh Controls browser, and from the context menu that
appears, select Create > Model > Size and Bias > Surfaces to open the surface mesh model
control in the entity editor.
2. (Optional) In the entity editor, set the entity name to surface_mesh_control.
3. Set the Element Size to 0.01.
4. Set the Element Type to Trias by selecting from the drop down selector menu.
5. Under the Entity Selection group, click in the value field next to Entities, then click on
Surfaces.
This will open the surface entity selector menu in the menu area.
6. In the menu area, click on surfs, and select all. Then click on proceed.
7. Expand the Advanced group, and verify that Destination Component is set to Original and
Mesh Connectivity is set to Keep.

Step 4: Setting up the Volume Mesh Controls
1. Right click on Volume Mesh in the Mesh Controls browser, and from the context menu that
appears, select Create > Model > BL + Tetra to open the volume mesh model control in the
entity editor.
Selecting BL + Tetra will show options for the boundary layer specification in addition to tetra
volume meshing options.
2. (Optional) In the entity editor, set the entity name to volume_mesh_control.
Components.
This will open a Select Components dialog box.
4. In the Select Components dialog box, select all three components and click OK.

You can use the button in the left bottom corner of the dialog to quickly select all the
components.
5. Expand the Boundary Layer group, and set the boundary layer parameters as follows:
a) Set First Layer Thickness to 0.002
b) Set Growth Rate to 1.2
c) Set Number of Layers to 3
d) Set Hexa Transition Mode to All Prism
That completes the boundary layer mesh control. You will now add a local control for surfaces
that do not require a boundary layer.

appears, select Create > Local > No BL.
7. (Optional) In the entity editor, set the entity name to no_BL_control.
Components.
This will open a Select Components dialog box.
9. In the Select Components dialog box, select inflow and outflow from the list and click OK.
10. Expand the Boundary Layer group, and set Base Surface Mesh Treatment to Float from
the drop down selector menu.
Finally, add a Volume Selector control to put the boundary layer and the core tetra mesh in the
same component.
appears, select Create > Volume Selector.

12. In the entity editor, select the option BL and Tetras in One Component.
Step 5: Generate the Mesh
Once you have created the mesh controls, you can now proceed to generating the mesh. Mesh
generation has to be carried out in two steps: first the surface mesh is generated, followed by the
volume mesh.
In the previous steps, you created some model and local mesh controls. Your Mesh Controls
browser should look as in the figure shown below.
When you setup the mesh controls, at least one active model control should be present before
you can generate the mesh. You can create multiple model controls, but only one model control
can be active at a time. Surface and Volume mesh however have different mesh controls.
Local controls are optional. You can create multiple local mesh controls, however only the ones
which are selected at the time of mesh generation will be applied.
1. Ensure that the surface_mesh_control is Enabled in the Mesh Controls browser.
2. Right click on Surface Mesh in the Mesh Controls browser, and select Mesh.

Once the meshing is complete, observe the mesh using the visualization controls.
3. Ensure that the surface_mesh_control is Enabled in the Mesh Controls browser.
4. Ensure that the no_BL_control is Selected in the Mesh Controls browser.
5. After the Surface Meshing is complete, right click on Volume Mesh in the Mesh Controls
browser, and select Mesh.
The volume mesh generated will be placed in a single collector, which will be called
CFD_tetcore001. This collector will be visible in the Model browser. Once the meshing is
complete, observe the mesh using the visualization controls.
Zoom in to observe the boundary layer generated.

6. In the Model browser, rename the collector CFD_tetcore001 to fluid. This collector will hold
all the 3-D volume elements.
a) Right click on CFD_tetcore001, select Rename from the context menu.
b) Type in fluid as the new component name, and press enter.
The mesh generated has prismatic elements in the boundary layer. These elements will be split
to create tetrahedral elements in the boundary layer.
7. Select Mesh > Edit > Elements > Split Elements from the menu bar.
This will open the split elements panel in the menu area.
8. Select the solid elements sub-panel.
9. Click on elems entity selector button, and select all.
10. Change the split pattern to split into tetras.
11. Click on split.

Observe the mesh after the splitting process is complete.
12. Click on return to close the panel.

Exercise 4b: Creating a Hybrid Grid with Varying Boundary

Layer Thickness
In this exercise, you will learn to:

• Generate boundary layer type meshes with an arbitrary number of layers and thickness
distribution, which can be used for CFD applications, molding simulations, or other
processes.
• Generate automatically a distributed thickness distribution to prevent boundary layer
interference / collision in zones where the distance between opposing walls is too small
to accommodate the baseline or nominal boundary layer thickness.
Step 1: Load the CFD user profile

1. Click Preferences > User Profiles.
3. Select the radio button for CFD and General from the drop down menu.
4. Click OK.
Step 2: Open the model file

2. Select the molding1.hm file from the Ch4 directory.
3. Click Open to load this .hm file containing the surface mesh.
4. Inspect the surface elements that will be used to generate the volume mesh.
The boundary mesh can have any combination of tria/quad elements. You will generate
boundary layers on all the surface elements contained in the collector named wall.
Step 3: Check that all the elements in collector wall define a closed volume
1. Click Mesh > Check > Components > Edges to open the Edges panel.
2. Click comps and select the collector wall.
3. Click find edges.

A message indicating that no edges were found will appear on the status bar.
4. Toggle free edges to T-connections.
5. Select the collector wall again and click find edges.
The status bar will display, “No T-connected edges were found.”
Step 4: Create the CFD mesh

1. Click Mesh > Mesh Controls to open the Mesh Controls Browser.
2. Right click on Volume Mesh and select Create > Model > BL + Tetra.
3. Next to Entities, click on 0 Components.
4. Select the yellow Components button and the select the wall component.
5. Select OK.
6. Expand the Boundary Layer section.

7. Select the options to specify the boundary layer and tetrahedral core:
• Base Surface Mesh Treatment to Float
• First Layer Thickness = 0.5
• Number of Layers = 5
• Growth Rate= 1.0 (This non-dimensional factor controls the change in layer thickness
from one layer to the next).
8. For Hexa Transition Mode header, change the selection to All Prisms.
This means that if there are any quad elements in the surface mesh, those will be split into
two trias each so that there is no need to transition from quad faces to tria faces when
transitioning from the last boundary layer to the tetrahedral core. This option is very important
when there are quad elements on areas with (low) distributed BL thickness ratio, because in
such areas the thickness of the transition elements (e.g., simple pyramid) was not taken into
account when doing the interference study to assign distributed BL thickness ratio to those
elements.

10. Expand the Advanced section and enter the Proximity section..
11. Specify the boundary layer reduction by entering of 0.6 for the Minimum Tetcore /Final
Layer Height Ratio and 0.5 for the Maximum BL Compression.
12. Right cick on Volume Mesh and select Mesh to create the CFD mesh.
When this task is finished, two collectors are automatically created: CFD_tetcore001 and
CFD_bl001.

Step 6: Mask elements to inspect the boundary layers’ thickness on thinner areas
1. Access the Mask panel by using the shortcut key F5.
2. Select elements to be masked.
3. Click mask.
The following images illustrate how BL interference has been avoided by reducing the BL
thickness.
Step 7: Generate a pure tetrahedral mesh.

The mesh needs to consist of tetrahedral elements only. This was accomplished by generating
tetras directly in the boundary layer. However, if you need to split penta / wedge elements into
tetras, use the procedure below.
1. Click Mesh > Edit > Elements > Split Elements.
2. Select the solid elements subpanel.
3. Set the switch to split into tetras.
4. Select elems >> by collector and select CFD_bl001.
5. Click split.
Now you have a mesh consisting of tetrahedral elements only.
The objective of this tutorial is to illustrate how you can generate very thin boundary layers
without interference. However, such thin boundary layers can lead to element with a high aspect
ratio if the size of the surface mesh is not small enough. If you need to limit the tetrahedral
elements’ aspect ratio (e.g., < 5), then you need to use a fine enough mesh on the wall
component so that thin boundary layers do not produce high aspect ratio elements. For example,
in this case, the minimum value of tetra collapse of all tetrahedral core elements was 0.2, but
after you split the BL penta / wedge elements into tetras, the minimum value of tetra collapse of
all tetrahedral elements becomes 0.04. This occurs because the BL penta elements are thin
compared to their triangular face area size.

Exercise 4c: Hex-core Meshing with a Boundary Layer (optional)

In this exercise you will learn how to generate a hexcore mesh with a boundary layer. Included
are the following steps:
• Tria surface meshing
• Boundary layer generation
• Generation of the hexcore mesh, pyramid elements and the tetra mesh
• Preparation of the model for the export

1. From the menu bar, select Preferences, then User Profiles…
2. For Application, select Engineering Solutions and click the CFD radio button and General
from the drop down menu.
3. Click OK.
Step 2: Open the exercise file

1. From the menu bar select File > Open > Model.
2. Select the ujoint_cfd.hm file from the Ch4 directory.
3. Click Open to load the file.
Step 3: Generate a mesh on the surface

1. In the Model Browser, expand Component, right-click on it and select Show.
2. Click Mesh > Surface Mesh (2D) > Automesh.
3. Click the size and bias subpanel.
4. Set the element size = field to 5.0.
5. Click the mesh type toggle to trias.

6. Ensure that both the size and skew checkboxes are activated.
7. Ensure toggles are set to elems to surf comp and first order.
8. Click the yellow surfs button and selected all.
9. Click mesh.
A message on the status bar indicates the number of elements created.
10. Click return twice to close the panels.
Step 4: Mesh the hex-core

1. Click Mesh > Volume Mesh (3D) > Hex-Core.
2. Enter the parameters as shown in the image below:

3. Checking the box for Generate exterior tetrahedral mesh and Boundary Layer makes the
bottom part of the tab editable. Enter the Number of layers as 3, the First layer thickness
as 0.4 and the Growth rate as 1.2.
4. Under the header With boundary layer, click the Components button and select the
component wall.
5. Under the header W/o boundary layer, click the Components button and select inflow and
outflow.
6. Click Generate just above the Report area. Select Yes to the three messages that appear.
After the meshing finishes, a message appears stating that additional components have been
created.

7. Check the Model Browser to see all the new components created.
8. Click F5 to open the Mask panel. While holding the shift key down, draw a box around
roughly half of the model, and click mask. This will display the inside of the model.

9. Click return to close the panel.

Exercise 4d: Creating a Wind Tunnel Mesh (optional)

In this exercise you will generate a wind tunnel type mesh for external CFD analysis. The mesh
consists of a Cartesian hexa-mesh for the far field, and a hybrid grid (tetras with boundary layers)
in the vicinity of the object.
The tutorial includes the following steps:
• Setting the user profile
• Opening the model file to be used
• Using the wind tunnel functionality
• Surface meshing
• Volume meshing using the “CFD mesh” panel

1. From the menu bar, select Preferences, then User Profiles…
2. For Application, select Engineering Solutions and click the CFD radio button and General
from the drop down menu.
3. Click OK.

2. Select the airplane.hm file from the Ch4 directory.

Step 3: Use the Wind Tunnel Mesh tool

1. Click Mesh > Volume Mesh (3D) > Wind Tunnel.
The Wind-Tunnel tab opens, displaying instructions for using this tool.
2. Enter values for your model as shown in the following image:
3. Click Generate.
A pop-up message will display the estimated number of hexahedral elements that will be
created with the specified minimum hex cell size.

4. Click Yes on the pop-up message.

The Wind Tunnel Mesh tool generates hexa, pyramids and shell elements and groups them
into several collectors.
You may need to rotate the model to obtain this view.
Step 4: Generate a shell mesh on the airplane

1. In the Model Browser, expand Component, right-click plane, and select Isolate.
This automatically loads the surface deviation subpanel.
3. With surfs selected in the toggle, hold SHIFT and drag a box around the entire visible
airplane geometry.
You may need to resize the display first.
4. For element size =, enter 10.
5. For growth rate = , enter 1.2.
6. For min elem size =, enter 2.
7. For max deviation =, enter 0.1.
8. For max feature angle =, enter 15.
9. Set mesh type: to trias.
10. Ensure toggles are set to elems to surf comp and first order.

11. Click mesh.

A message on the status bar indicates the number of elements created.
Step 5: Mesh the box sym component with an element size of 20

1. In the Model Browser, show the elements and geometry for box_sym.
2. In the Automesh panel, click the size and bias subpanel.
3. With the surfs toggle active, click any visible part of the box to select it.
4. For element size =, enter 20.
5. For map:, activate the checkboxes for size and skew.
6. Click mesh.
The component is meshed. A message on the status bar indicates the number of elements
created.

Step 6: Equivalence nodes in box_sym

1. In the Model Browser, right-click on the component symp and select Show.
2. Click BCs > Check > Edge.
3. Click the yellow comps button and select the components box_sym and symp.
4. For tolerance =, enter 0.1.
5. Click preview equiv.
A message in the status bar indicates the number of nodes found.
6. Click equivalence.
The nodes are equivalenced.
Step 7: Create new component box_ground

1. Click BCs > Components > Single.
2. In the Name: field, enter box_ground.
3. Click Color and select magenta.
4. Click Create.
The new collector has now been created.
5. Close the dialog.

Step 8: Generate a surface and a tria mesh on the bottom of the box
1. In the Model Browser, turn off the element display for symp and turn on the display for
ground.
2. Click Mesh > Surface Mesh (2D) > Surface/Mesh > Spline.
3. Set the selector toggle to nodes.
4. Click the nodes selector to open the extended entity selection menu and pick by path.
5. Set the second toggle to surface only.
6. Pick the nodes by path on the perimeter of the box bottom, as in the following image:
7. Click create.
8. Click return.
10. Select the size and bias subpanel, ensure the selector is set to surfs and the element size
field is set to 20.
11. In the graphics area, click the box_ground surface.
12. Click mesh.
A message on the status bar will indicate the number of elements created.
Step 9: Equivalence nodes to achieve a closed volume

1. Click BCs > Check > Edge.
2. Click the yellow comps button and select the components plane, box_sym, ground,
trias_hexas_pyras, and box_ground.
3. Set the tolerance field to 0.1.
4. Click preview equiv.
5. Click equivalence.

6. Click return.
7. In the Model Browser, turn off the display of ground, and turn on the element display of
trias_hexas_pyras.
8. Return to the Edges panel.

9. Hold SHIFT and drag a box around all the visible components to select them all.
10. Click find edges.
A message on the status bar indicates that no edges were found.
11. Select the components again and click preview equiv.
A message on the status bar indicates that 0 nodes were found. This ensures that the volume
is enclosed, which is necessary for the following tetra meshing step.
12. Click return.
Step 10: Mesh the closed volume

1. Click Mesh > Volume Mesh (3D) > CFD tetramesh.
2. In the Boundary selection subpanel, under the With BL (fixed) header, click the comps
selector and select the component plane.
3. Under the W/o BL (fixed) header, click the comps selector and select the components
box_sym, box_ground, and trias_hexas_pyras.
4. Click to the BL parameters subpanel.
5. Under First group, for number of layers, enter 3.
6. For First layer thickness, enter 0.7.
7. Uncheck the option for Second group.
8. On the Tetramesh parameters subpanel, set the toggle to interpolate.
9. Click mesh.

The mesh may take a few minutes. When the mesh is complete, a message in the status bar
will indicate the number of nodes and elements created.
Note that two new components, CFD_tetcore001 and CFD_bl001, appear in the Model
Browser.
10. Click return.
Step 11: Inspect the mesh

1. Click Mesh > Check > Hidden Lines. In the panel, deactivate the clip boundary elements
checkbox.
2. Check and then uncheck the xy plane, yz plane and xz plane checkboxes to display the
model in different views.
3. Rotate and inspect the mesh from the side of the model.
4. Click Show Plot. Click and hold one of the corners of the model. While keeping the mouse
button down, drag the corner of the model forth and back to view the model in different
stages.
5. Click return.
Step 12: Organize faces

1. In the Model Browser, turn off the display for plane, box_sym, trias_hexas_pyras, and
box_ground so that only CFD_tetramesh_core and CFD_boundary_layer are visible.
2. Click BCs > Faces.
3. Hold SHIFT and drag a box around the visible components to select them.
4. Click find faces.
Note that a new component named ^faces appears in the Model Browser.
5. Click return.

6. In the Model Browser, turn off the display of the elements of CFD_tetcore001 and
CFD_bl001.
7. Click BCs > Organize.
8. Click elems and select on plane.
9. Pick three nodes on the ^faces component, on the face that intersects the airplane model.
A good way to determine which area to select is to isolate the display of the box_sym
geometry. This will show you the face to focus on. Turn the display of the ^faces component
back on, and select your three nodes.
10. Click select entities.

11. Click dest component = and select symp.
12. Click move.
13. Click elems >> on plane.
14. Pick three nodes on the bottom of the ^faces component.
A good way to determine which area to select is to isolate the display of the box_ground
geometry. This will show you the face to focus on. Turn the display of the ^faces component
back on, and select your three nodes.

15. Click select entities.

16. Click dest component = and select ground.
17. Click move.
Step 13: Delete Collectors

1. In the Model Browser, right-click the component ^faces, and select Delete.
2. In the pop-up dialog, click Yes to confirm the deletion.
3. In the Model Browser, turn on the display of CFD_tetcore001 and CFD_bl001.
4. Press the CTRL key and select edges_xz and edges_xy in the Model Browser.
5. Right-click and select Delete.
6. In the pop-up dialog, click Yes to confirm the deletion.
7. In the same way, also delete trias_hexas_pyras, box_sym and box_ground.
Step 14: Organize Components

1. Click BCs > Organize.
2. Click elems and select by collector.
3. Select CFD_tetcore001 and CFD_bl001.
4. Click select.

5. Click dest component = and select fluid_hex.

6. Click move. When the move is complete, nothing should be visible in the graphic area.
7. Click return.
Step 15: Use the Model Browser to Rename and Delete Components
1. In the Model Browser, display elements for fluid_hex.
2. Right-click fluid_hex in the Model browser and select Rename.
3. Enter the new name as fluid.
4. Select CFD_tetcore001 and CFD_bl001 and delete them using the process used in Step 14.
5. Right-click Component and select Show to show all remaining components in the graphic
area.
Step 16: Export the files as .cas
1. Click Export Solver Deck, .

2. Ensure that CFD is selected for the File Type, and pick Fluent for the Solver Type.
3. Use the File field to navigate to the destination folder and enter the name
wind_tunnel_mesh.
4. Click Export. A dialog appears. After reading the dialog, click Yes.

5. In the pop-up dialog that appears, you are asked whether to reuse the setup from an existing
FLUENT file. Since you just generated the grid and do not have a set up file (*.cas), click No. It
may take a few minutes for the file to be created.
6. When the file creation is complete, a pop-up window appears. Click OK.

Exercise 4e: Wrapping a PowerTrain Model

• Define wrapper settings using Mesh Controls
• Define Proximity Controls and Leak Detection
• Create and then review a wrapper mesh

3. Select the radio button and select General from the drop down menu.
4. Click OK.

2. Select the powertrain.hm file from the Ch4 directory.
Step 3: Wrap setting in Mesh Controls:
1. From the menu bar, select Mesh > Mesh Controls.
2. Right click on the Adaptive Wrap folder and select Create > Model.
3. Expand the Wrap Selection group and set the Wrap Type to Exterior.
The Exterior wrapper is used for external flow analysis e.g. underhood thermal while the cavity
wrapper I used for internal flow analysis e.g. thermal comfort.
4. Set the Wrap Selection to All.
5. Select components to be wrapped by clicking on Components next to Entities, and select all
the components by clicking on Select All in the Select Components window.

6. Define the following wrapping parameters under the Wrap Mesh group.
Tips: The min size should be based on the smallest feature length to be captured. (Rule of thumb
rd
– min size = 1/3 of smallest thickness). Also, if all gaps are patched using “Hole/gap fill” tool,
define the gap patch tolerance as min size. Defining a bigger gap patch tolerance can create a
bad wrap mesh.
Step 3: Define Proximity Controls
1. Right click on the Adaptive Wrap folder and select Create > Proximity.
2. Set the Name to HX_Air-Filters_Shrouds.
3. For Group, click on 0 Components and select the following components: rDIATOR,
intercooler, sportefiltro, ^Patch_1, ^Patch_2, HX1, HX2, HX3 and HX4.
These are all the HX, Air filter and neighboring shroud components.
4. Set the Proximity Tolerance to 5.0.

Step 4: Load the Meshed File (or Run Wrapping) and Review Wrap Results
1. Load the meshed file by selecting File > Open > Model and then open the file
powertrain_meshed.hm.
We are loading the file for this tutorial as the meshing takes a bit of time to complete.
Alternatively, you can create the mesh by right clicking on the Adaptive Wrap folder and
selecting Mesh.
After wrapping, there will be a new assembly creates which will contain wrapped results
2. Review the meshed components.

Exercise 4f: Remeshing a Tetramesh in the Region of a Baffle

• Take an existing tetramesh, and remesh it while introducing a baffle.

1. Click Preferences > User Profiles….
3. Select the radio button CFD and select General from the drop down menu.
4. Click OK.

2. Select the HVAC_box_no_tetras.hm file.
4. Inspect the surface elements that will be used to generate the volume mesh.
Notice that it appears that all of the elements shown enclose a volume. First we will verify
that these elements enclose a volume and then a tetramesh will be generated.
Step 3: Inspect the model and check the surface mesh for free edges
1. In the Model Browser, expand the Components folder.
Notice that there are 2 inflow components, 4 outflow components, 1 wall component, and 1
baffle component.
2. Verify that the baffle component is currently not being displayed and that the tetra
component is the Current Component.
3. Press F5 to enter the Mask panel. Use the Mask panel to inspect the model.
Notice how the shell elements displayed appears to enclose a volume. Next we will use the
Edges panel to verify that they do enclose a volume.

4. Select unmask all and then click return.

5. From the menu bar select Mesh > Check > Components > Edges.
6. Click on comps and select the 7 components shown below.
7. Click select and then find edges.

The message “No edges were found. Selected elements may enclose a volume” is reported.
8. Click return to exit the panel.
Step 4: Tetramesh the enclosed volume.

1. From the main menu, select the tetramesh panel.
2. Verify you are in the Tetra mesh subpanel.
3. Under Fixed trias/quads to tetra mesh, click on comps and select the same 7 components
shown below:
4. Click select and then mesh.

5. When the tetramesh process has finished, click return.
Step 5: Review the tetramesh and remesh around the baffle component.
1. From the toolbar, select the YZ Rear Plane View, .

2. Pan the model to the left so that half of the model is out of view (as shown below).

3. From the toolbar, select Mask Not Shown, .

4. Rotate the model to view the tetramesh inside the volume.
5. Use the Model Browser to turn on the display of the elements in the baffle component.
6. Select the tetramesh panel from the main menu.

7. Enter the Tetra remesh subpanel.

8. Click on elems under 2D baffle elems, select by collector, and then select the baffle
component and click select.
9. Select remesh.
Notice how the area surrounding the baffle has now been remeshed and is colored green
because the elements are in the tetra_remesh component collector.
10. Select the YZ Rear Plane View, pan the model, and mask the elements that aren’t shown as
we did earlier in this step. Rotate the model to view the area that has been remesh.
12. Within the Model Browser, right click on baffle and select Show.
Inspect the model, paying special attention to the area where the baffle and the tetramesh
elements meet. Notice how the elements are properly connected.



Chapter 5: Exporting a Model to a CFD Solver
Chapter 5
Exporting a Model to a CFD

Solver

Exercise 5a: Organizing and Exporting a Model for CFD Analysis

2. Select the manifold_cfd_mesn.hm file from the model files directory.

3. Select the radio button CFD and then select General from the drop down menu.
4. Click OK.
5. Inspect the model.
Step 3: Organize the model

In this section, you will define mesh surface regions used to specify boundary conditions in any
CFD code ( FLUENT, StarCD, CFX, etc). For example, assume that you are going to export the
mesh for FLUENT. For this model, you need to create three collectors to place the boundaries:
inflow, outflow, and wall. You have selected two new names that are not already in your
database and at the same time are compatible with the prefixes required by FLUENT to
recognize boundary types according to their names.
You are going to reuse the surface mesh contained in collector wall because this mesh remained
unchanged by the CFD mesh process as this component was specified as “fixed with boundary
layer.” However, the surface areas associated with the original collectors inlet and outlets have
been completely regenerated and you need to create new components that will be named inflow
and outflow, respectively.
1. Rename the collector CFD_tetramesh_core as fluid.
This collector will hold all the 3-D volume elements.
2. Click BCs > Organize and then move all the elements from the collector
CFD_boundary_layer to collector fluid.
3. Click BCs > Faces to automatically generate the collector ^faces containing all the external
faces of the elements in collector fluid. Click on comps and select fluid. Then select find
faces.
4. Click BCs > Component > Single to create two new components named inflow and
outflow.

Now you are going to move some of the elements from the collector ^faces to the collectors
inflow and outflow.
5. In the Model Browser, isolate the ^faces component.
6. Click BCs > Organize and click one element on the inlet/inflow plane (the element will
become highlighted).
7. Click elems >> by face.
All the elements in the collector ^faces on the inlet/inflow plane will be selected.
8. Set the dest comp as inflow, and click move. Similarly, move the elements from ^faces
associated with the outlets to the collector outflow.
9. Show the inflow and outflow components using the Model Browser.
When done, you will have all the exterior surfaces colored according to the collectors where
they have been placed as shown in the following image.
10. The remaining elements in the collector ^faces are the same as in wall and you can discard
them.
11. Delete collectors ^faces and CFD_boundary_layer, which is now empty.
Step 4: Export surface and volume mesh and import this mesh into FLUENT
1. Display only the components containing elements that have to be exported for FLUENT, the
components are: fluid, inflow, outflow, and wall. All other components should not be visible.

2. Click the Export Solver Deck icon to open the Export tab.
3. Notice that the File Type is set to CFD. Set the Solver Type to Fluent.
4. In the File field, click on the file icon and specify a name and location for the file.
5. Click Export to export the file.

Exercise 5b: Exporting a Model for AcuSolve Analysis

2. Select the manifold_meshed.hm file from the model files directory.

3. Select the radio button CFD and then select AcuSolve from the drop down menu.
4. Click OK.
5. Inspect the model.
Step 3: Set up the Simulation for AcuSolve

The next step after creating the mesh is to set up the simulation parameters. You will use the
Solver Browser for this purpose. The Solver browser provides a solver perspective view of the
model structure in flat, listed tree structure. Before switching to the solver browser, it is useful to
specify the type for the components in the model.
1. Switch to the Model Browser in the tab area.
2. Expand the Component tree in the model browser and click on fluid.
3. Change the value for Type from NONE to FLUID.
4. Click on wall in the Model Browser to open it in the Entity Editor.
5. Change the value for Type from NONE to WALL.
6. Click on outflow in the Model Browser to open it in the Entity Editor.
7. Change the value for Type from NONE to OUTFLOW.
8. Click Yes in the warning dialog that appears.
9. Click on inflow in the Model Browser to open it in the Entity Editor.
10. Change the value for Type from NONE to INFLOW.
11. Click Yes in the warning dialog that appears.
Step 4: Set Global Parameters

1. Select View > Browsers > HyperMesh > Solver from the menu bar to open the Solver
Browser in the tab area.

Explore the structure and various entities in the solver browser. As you can see, the solver
browser lists every entity mapped to the active solver profile within the session and places those
entities into their respective entity group folders.
2. Expand 01.Global and then expand PROBLEM_DESCRIPTION.
3. Click on PROBLEM_DESCRIPTION to open it in the Entity Editor.
4. Enter manifold for the Title.
5. Change the Turbulence model from Laminar to Spalart Allmaras.
Step 5: Set Solution Strategy Parameters

1. In the 01.Global folder, expand SOLVER_SETTINGS and then click on SOLVER_SETTINGS
to open it in the Entity Editor.
2. Set the Relaxation factor to 0.4.
3. Check that Flow and Turbulence are set to On.
Step 6: Set the Initial Conditions

1. In the 01.Global folder, expand NODAL_INITIAL_CONDITIONS and then click on
NODAL_INITIAL_CONDITIONS to open it in the Entity Editor.
2. Set the Default value ##(N/m2) to 0.

3. Set the X velocity to 2 m s.
4. Under Eddy viscosity, set the Default value ## (m2/s) to 1" -$% m( sec.
Step 7: Apply Volume Parameters

Volume collectors are containers used for storing information about a volume region. This
information includes solution and meshing parameters applied to the volume and the geometric
regions that these settings are applied to.
We have one volume collector in this model, fluid. In the next steps, you will set the material
properties for it.
1. Expand the 03.Volumes tree, then expand the FLUID volume group in the Solver Browser and
click on fluid.
This will open fluid collector entity in the Entity Editor.
2. Click in the value field for Material (it is Unspecified by default). Then click on the Material
button that appears.
This will open a Select Material dialog box.
3. Select Water_HM from the materials list and click OK.

Following figure can be used as the reference for setting up the fluid collector.

Step 8: Apply Surface Parameters

Surface groups are containers used for storing information about a surface, including solution and
meshing parameters, and the corresponding surface in the geometry that the parameters will
apply to.
1. Expand the 04.Surfaces tree, then expand the WALL surface group in the Solver Browser and
click on wall to open it in the Entity Editor.
2. Verify that the value for Type is set to WALL.
3. Expand the OUTFLOW surface group, then click on outflow to open it in the Entity Editor.
4. Verify that the value for Type is set to OUTFLOW.
5. Expand the INFLOW surface group, then click on inflow to open it in the Entity Editor.
6. Verify that the value for Type is set to INFLOW.
7. Set the value for Inflow type to Average Velocity by selecting from the drop-down selector
menu.
8. Set the value for Average Velocity to 2 m s.
Step 9: Save the model or run the AcuSolve analysis

The model is now ready for analysis. Go ahead and save the model and/or run the AcuSolve
analysis.


Chapter 6: Post-Processing CFD Results using HyperView
Chapter 6
Post-Processing CFD Results

using HyperView

Exercise 6a: Contour and Vector Plotting on Cross Sections and

Generating Streamlines
This exercise uses the results file ensightb.case.
Step 1: Create multiple section cuts and contour the model.

1. From the <installation_directory>\tutorials\mv_hv_hg\animation folder, load
the results file ensightb.case as both the model and results files. Or you can locate the
files in the supplied class files, under Models\Ch 6.
2. Right click in the HyperView Results Browser and select Create > Section Cut > Planar.
A section cut is automatically applied to the model.
3. Verify that Orientation is set to yaxis.
4. Under Display, check the Cross Section Only option.

Note You can use the Graphical Manipulator to move the position of the section cut.
6. Click the Contour panel button on the toolbar.

7. Select UVW(v) as the Result Type and click Apply.
8. Within the HyperView Results Browser, expand the Section Cuts folder, right click on
Section 1 and select Edit.
9. Click the Add button.

10. Select Z Axis for the plane and click Apply.
11. Deactivate the section by selecting the section cut icon from before their names so that the
icon is greyed out.
12. Return to the Contour panel .

13. Click the Clear Contour button.
Note If the contours are not cleared, all of the streamlines would appear gray and they would
not be colored according to the contour variable.
Step 2: Create a vector plot on a section cut.

1. Use the Result Browser to turn on the display of the section cut Section 1.
2. Click the Vector panel button on the toolbar.

3. Set the Result type to UVW (v).
4. For Selection, click on the drop down and select Sections.
5. Select the section cut displayed in the graphics area.
6. Leave Resolved in to Global System and leave all the Display options to their default
values.
7. Click Apply.

8. Zoom into the model where there is a bend in the tube.

9. Click on the Section tab.
10. Active the Projected option and then click Apply (make sure you select Apply in .
the Section tab).
11. Now uncheck Projected and activate the Evenly distributed option and enter 50 for both
the Number of rows and Number of columns.
12. Click Apply.
13. Select Fit Model to fit the model to the screen.

14. Select Clear Vector in the Vector panel to remove the vector plot.
15. Deactivate the section cut by clicking the section cut icon before Section 1 in the Results
Browser so that the icon is greyed out.
Note If the section cuts are not deactivated, the streamlines will also be cut and you would
only be able to see the points where the streamlines hit the cross section.

Step 3: Create a 'line' streamline.

1. Turn off the display of several components (BC3_wall (ID 7), cells of cell type 1 (ID 1), and
cells of cell type 2 (ID 2)) using the Results Browser, so that the inside of the flow domain
is displayed in the graphics area.
2. Select the Streamlines panel button on the Results toolbar.

3. Click Add, to add a new set of streamlines.
4. Select Line as the Rake type.
5. Specify N1 and N2 by picking two nodes on the BC1_inlet (ID 4) component on the model.
6. Enter 10 into the Number of seeds text box.
7. Select Downstream from the Integration mode drop-down menu.

8. Click the Create Streamlines button (located in the lower right corner of the panel).
9. Under the Streamlines tab, change the Size to 7 and hit ENTER on the keyboard.
10. Activate the Draw as tube option.
11. Select Create Streamlines.

Step 4: Create an 'area' streamline.

1. Add another streamline.
2. Select Area as the Rake type.
3. Select the BC1_inlet (ID 4) component on the model.
4. Specify the Number of seeds as 40.
5. Select Downstream for the Integration mode.
6. Click Create Streamlines.

7. Click the Contour panel button on the toolbar.

8. Select UVW(v) as the Result Type and click Apply.

9. Rotate the model and view the streamlines with the contour applied.

Introduction To Hyperworks Desktop For CFD Analysis 2017

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Introduction to HyperWorks Desktop for CFD Analysis 2017

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HyperWorks for CFD Applications

Chapter 1: Using HyperWorks for CFD Applications ...................................... 5

Chapter 2: CFD Meshing in HyperMesh ........................................................... 7

Chapter 3: 2D Meshing and Quality Checks for CFD ....................................... 9

Exercise 3a: 2D meshing on an airduct .......................................................................... 9

Exercise 3b: Element Checks and Cleanup of 2D Mesh .............................................. 14

Chapter 4: 3D CFD Meshing ............................................................................ 19

Exercise 4c: Hex-core Meshing with a Boundary Layer (optional) ............................... 33

Exercise 4d: Creating a Wind Tunnel Mesh (optional) ................................................. 38

Exercise 4e: Wrapping a PowerTrain Model ................................................................ 50

Exercise 4f: Remeshing a Tetramesh in the Region of a Baffle .................................. 51

Chapter 5: Exporting a Model to a CFD Solver .............................................. 59

Exercise 5b: Exporting a Model for AcuSolve Analysis ................................................ 63

HyperWorks 2017 HyperWorks for CFD Applications 3

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Chapter 6: Post-Processing CFD Results with HyperView .......................... 69

Exercise 6a: Contour and Vector Plotting on Cross Sections

HyperWorks for CFD Applications 4 HyperWorks 2017

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Using HyperWorks for CFD

HyperWorks 2017 HyperWorks for CFD Applications 5

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HyperWorks for CFD Applications 6 HyperWorks 2017

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CFD Meshing in HyperMesh

HyperWorks 2017 HyperWorks for CFD Applications 7

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HyperWorks for CFD Applications 8 HyperWorks 2017

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2D Meshing and Quality Checks

Exercise 3a: 2D meshing of an airduct

Step 1: Load the model airduct_cfd.hm.

HyperWorks 2017 HyperWorks for CFD Applications 9

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HyperWorks for CFD Applications 10 HyperWorks 2017

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Step 3: Create a surface deviation mesh control and mesh

HyperWorks 2017 HyperWorks for CFD Applications 11

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Step 4: Refining an area of the mesh using a Local Mesh Control