TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES VISAYAS

Capt. Sabi St., Talisay City Negros Occidental

College of Engineering
Mechanical Engineering Department
BES 233-Dynamics of Rigid Bodies

Rectilinear motion
1. A car travels on the x-axis. The acceleration of the car at time t seconds, t ≥ 0, is ( 7 t+ 9 ) m/s2 in
the positive x-direction. When t=0, the velocity of the car is 4 m/s in the positive x-direction.
When t=T , the velocity of the car is 12 m/s in the positive x-direction. Find the value of T.

a=( 7 t+ 9 ) m/s2

2. During an intense battle between Celestial Being and the United Nations army in one of celestial
being’s armed interventions, Gundam Exia unfortunately experienced a GN drive failure in his
fight against Gundam Throne Drei piloted by Nena Trinity. Upon knowing this situation, Nena
threw a large nearby asteroid towards Gundam Exia. Suppose that the position functions of
1 2
Gundam Exia and the asteroid in motion along the same line are S1= t −t+ 3and
2
−1 2
S2 = t +t+1 respectively, for t ≥ 0. Will/will not Gundam Exia and the asteroid collide?
4
How close do Gundam Exia and the asteroid get to each other if they don’t collide?

−1 2
S2 = t +t+1
4
1
S1= t 2−t+ 3
2
3. On the attack of the Deep Sea King, Mumen Rider immediately rushed to the scene to help rescue
the citizens of city A and defeat the monster. He travels using his bicycle with an initial velocity
of12 m/s. Seeing the Deep Sea King in a distant, Mumen Rider was intimidated by its power and
subjected to a deceleration of a=(−4.5 v 0.5 ) m/s and stops some distance away. Assuming Point
a is Mumen Rider’s starting point and Point K is his stopping point, Determine how far Mumen
Rider travels before he stops. How much time does this take?

K M

10 m S
Motion Graphs

1. Izuku Midoriya aspires to be a pro hero and dreams of studying at U.A. High School under the
hero course. During the entrance exam, one of the physical tests is a 500 m dash.The v−s graph
describing the motion of Midoriya is shown below. Construct the a−s graph of his motion and
determine the time needed by Midoriya to reach the 500 m endpoint.
v¿

v=55
v=0.3 s +15
55

15
s(m)
300
500

2. The United States of

America wanted to
test their newly fabricated missile. Suppose the missile starts from rest and instead of taking a
projectile motion, it travels along a straight track and for 5 s it has an acceleration described by
the graph below. As one of the scientists in-charged of the project, your task is to construct a v−t
graph that describes the motion of the missile and find the distance it travelled in 5 s .

33.33
2
a= t +30
3
32.5

a=5 t+20

2.5 5
3. On Akatsuki’s attack to carry on the first part of their plan which is to extract the Jinjuriki’s from
its hosts. Gaara was defeated while protecting the Sunagakore village from Deidara. Deidara was
able to capture Gaara and take it to his comrade Sasori’s location. Upon knowing this, Naruto
immediately rushed to rescue his dear friend. If Naruto travels along a straight line with a speed
described by the graph. Construct the s−t graph of his motion. Assuming that the distance
between Naruto’s location and Gaara is 200 m, determine the time it will take Naruto to reach
where Gaara is.

200 m

80

v=0.4 s

v 2=4 s
2 √ 170

170 200
Projectile motion and Curvilinear motion

1. North Korea homes the most highly advanced and destructive missiles in the world. During their
missile testings, two of the factors they take into consideration are, how fast the missile travels
and accelerates. Suppose on one of their testing, they fired a missile and it moves in a curvilinear
2 2 3
motion with coordinates x=4 t 2+6 t meters and y=6 t + t meters. From this given
3
coordinates determine the velocity and acceleration of the missile as well as the angle this vectors
makes with x-axis during its 3s flight.

2
y=6 t 2 + t 3
3

x=4 t 2+6 t
2. Mikazuki Augus is an orphan child soldier and a member of a mercenary group Tekkadan. Due to
his excellent skills in piloting a mobile suit, he became the primary pilot of the ASW-G-08
Gundam Barbatos. In one of tekkadan’s encounter against the Gjallarhorn army, their ship was
pursuited by Gjallahorn mobile suits, as one of the mobile suit was about to fire at the ship’s
thrusters, Gundam Barbatos threw his mace from a distance of 800 ft directly to the enemy.
Suppose the mace moves with a y component of velocity in ft /s given by v y =10 t and an
acceleration in the x-direction of a x =6 t . Determine the mace’s velocity and an equation which
describes its path for an instant when it reaches the enemy’s mobile suit. Given that at
t=0 , y=4 , x=0∧v x =0

vm

4 ft
800 ft
 3. After selling his soul to the devil, Johnny Cage became one of the most popular stunt daredevil in
America. He fearlessly does record breaking jumps which made him to become a world record
holder. On his latest attempt, he jumped over 5 cars with a total distance of 100 m. Johnny’s
trajectory during his jump is given by its x-component x=3 t 3−4 t and the y-component of his
acceleration is given by a y =11t . Being a curious audience during that event, you want to
determine the velocity and acceleration of Johnny riding his motorcycle during the first
5 seconds of his flight. Given that at t=0 , y=0and his velocity is 5 m/s .

x=3 t 3−4 t

100 m

Normal and Tangential Components

1. A car is travelling on a road as shown below with its speed increasing by v̇=( 0.06 t 2 ) ft /s 2. If it is
originally at rest at s=0, determine the magnitudes of the car’s velocity and acceleration when
t=16 s.

350 ft

290 ft
2. Johnny wants to determine the velocity and acceleration of his newly bought automobile. He
tested it on a circular track shown on the figure with r =350 m. When the car is at point A it has a
velocity of 30 km/ hr and increases at a rate of v̇=(0.08t )m / s2. As one of the observers, you
want to help johnny to determine his car’s velocity and acceleration when it has travelled one-
third the way around the track.

3. The top 2 racers on a motorcycle racing event

are shown on the diagram. Suppose they are
travelling in a counter-clockwise direction around the circular track at a constant speed of
150 km/hr . If at the instant shown the speed of motorcycle A starts to increase by
(a¿ ¿ t) A=(0.5 s A )m/s2 ¿. Determine the distance measured counter-clockwise along the track
between motorcycle B and A when t=2 s . What is the magnitude of the acceleration of each
motorcycles at this instant?

7m
 Solutions to problems on Rectilinear motion

1. a=7 t+ 9 for the gundam∧asteroid ¿ collide

2.
dv s1 ¿ s 2
=7 t+ 9
dt 1 2 −1 2
t −t+3= t +t +1
2 4
∫ dv=∫(7 t +9¿) dt ¿ 3 2
t −2t +2=0
v 4
4
t= ± 0.9428i
7t2 3
v= + 9 t+c
2 since there is no positive real values of t that will
when t=0 , v =4 make s1 ¿ s 2 equal , therefore the gundam∧asteroid
c=4 will not collide .
∆ s=s 2−s1
7t2
v= + 9 t+ 4 3
2 ∆ s= t 2−2t +2
4
when t=T , v=12 Δs 3
= t−2
7T2 Δt 2
12= +9 T + 4
2 3
0= t−2
24=7 T 2+18 T +8 2
4
=t
7 T 2+18 T −16=0 3
Using the quadratic formula: 3 4 2 4
∆ s= ( ) −2( )+2
T 1=0.6989∧T 2=−3.27 4 3 3
since t ≥ 0 , ∆ s=0.67 m=closest distance

T =0.6989 s

dv −4 2
3
3. a= s= v +c dv
dt 27 dt=
a
ds
v= when s=0 , v=12 dv
dt ∫ dt =∫ −4.5 v 0.5
dv 3
vdt=ds , but dt= −4 −2 0.5
a 0= ( 12 ) 2 + c t= v +c
27 4.5
vdv c=6.158
∫ ds=∫ when t=0 , v =12
a
−4 2
3 c=1.54
vdv s= v +6.158
∫ ds=∫ −4.5 v 0.5 27 when v =0
when it stops , v=0
−1 t=1.54 s
∫ ds= 4.5 ∫ v 0.5 dv
s=6.158 m
3
2
s= ( −1
4.5 3 )
)( v +c 2
 Solutions to problems on Motion Graphs

1.
0 ≤ s <300 0 ≤ s <300
300< s ≤ 500
v=0.3 s +15
v=0.3 s +15 v=55 ds
dt=
v
(50) d( 50)
dv ds a= t s
a= ∧v=
dt dt
ds
∫ dt =∫ 0.3 ds
s+15
a=0 0 0
ds 1
dt= t= ln ⁡(0.3 s +15)
v 0.3
vdv 1 1
a= t= ln ( 0.3 s+15 ) − ln ⁡(15)
ds 0.3 0.3
a
( 0.3 s+15 ) d ( 0.3 s+15)
a= t=8 s
ds 31.5
a=0.09 s +4.5
a=(0.3 s+15)(0.3)

a=0.09 s +4.5 4.5 a=0

s
300 500

2.
0 ≤ t<2.5 2.5<t ≤5 ds
v= ,∧vdt=ds
dt
a=5 t+20 2
a= t+ 30 at 2.5 s
3
dv v t
s t
=5 t+20 2 ∫ ds=∫ (2.5 t2 +20 t)dt
dt
v t
∫
65.625
dv=∫
2.5
( 3 )
t +30 dt
0 0

2.5 3
∫ dv=∫ ( 5 t+20 ) dt 2 s= t +10 t 2
t 3
0 0 v= + 30t−11.458
3 s=75.52m
v=2.5 t 2 +20 t when t=5 s
at 5 s
when t=2.5 s v=146.875 m/s
s t
t2
v=65.625 m/ s ∫
75.52
ds=∫
2.5
( 3
+ 30t−11.458 dt )
v t3 2
s= +15 t −11.458 t+ 8.679
9
146.875 s=340.28m

65.625
t
2.5 5
 3.
0 ≤ s <170 170< s ≤ 200

ds
dt= t s
v ds
∫ dt=∫
170 0.4 s
t s
ds 13.038
∫ dt =∫ 2 s 0.5 5 5
o 0 t−13.038= ln ( 0.4 s )− ln ⁡(68)
2 2
t=s0.5
5 0.4 s
s=t 2 t−13.038= ln ⁡( )
2 68
when s=170 m
s
2 2 t−26.076=5 ln ⁡( )
170=t 170
13.038 seconds=t (
2t
5
−5.22) ln ⁡(
s
170
)
e =e
s 2t
e5 s
=
e
5.22
100
200 2t
0.5407 e 5 =s
when s=200
170
t t=14.78 seconds
13.038 14.78

Solutions to problems on Projectile motion and Curvilinear motion

1.

dv
a= when t=3 s angle with respect ¿ the x−axis
dt
dx v x =8 ( 3 ) +6=30 m/s
v=
dt velocity
v x =8 t +6 v y =12 ( 3 )+ 2¿ 54
Ɵ x =arctan ⁡( )
30
v y =12t +2 t 2 a y =12+4 (3 )=24 m/ s Ɵ x =60.95 °

a x =8
a=√ 82 +242 =25.3 m/s2 acceleration
a y =12+4 t 24
2 2 Ɵ x =arctan ⁡( )
v=√ 30 + 54 =61.77 m/ s 8
Ɵ x =71.57 °
 2. dv x dx @ x=800 ft
a x= v x=
dt dt
800=t 3
∫ ( 6 t ) dt =∫ dv x ∫ dx=∫ 3 t2 dt
9.28 seconds=t
v x =3 t 2+ c x=t 3 +c
@t=0 , x=0 v x =3(9.28)2 =258.36 ft / s
@t=0 , v x =0
x=t 3
c=0 v y =10 ( 9.28 )=92.8 ft /s
dy
2 v y=
v x =3 t dt
v y =10 t ∫ dy=∫ ( 10 t ) dt v=√ 258.362 +97.82=274.52 ft /s 2
y=5 t 2 +c
@t=0 , y =4
c=4
y=5 t 2 +4

equation of the path

√3 x=t

( y−4
5 )
=t 2

y−4 12
( ) =t
5
¿

{¿ ¿

3
y −4
x= 2
5 ( )
125 x 2=( y −4)3
 x=3 t 3−4 t
v x =9 t 2−4
a x =18 t
dv y
a y=
dt
∫ ( 11 t ) dt =¿∫ dv y ¿
11 t 2
v y= +c
2
when t=0 , v y =5
c=5

11t 2
v y= +5
2
a y =11 t
3. when t=5
v x =9 (5)2 −4=221 m/s
11(5)2
v y= +5=142.5m/ s
2
a x =18 ( 5 )=90 m/s2
a y =11 ( 5 )=55 m/s 2
a=√ 902 +552=105.48 m/s 2
v=√ 2212+142.5 2=262.96 m/s

Solutions to problems on Normal and Tangential Components

1. when t=16 seconds

a t2=( 0.06 t22 ) ft / s2
a=√ 23.14 + 15.36 =27.77 ft /s 2 s=0.005 ¿
.
∫ dv=∫ ( 0.06 t 2 ) dt v=0.02(16)3=81.92 ft /s
v2
v=0.02 t 3 a n=
ρ
(81.92)2
∫ ds=∫ (0.02 ¿ t 3) dt ¿ a n= =23.14 ft / s2
290
a t=0.06 ¿
s=0.005t 4
 58.93 sec 2 θdθ
∫ ¿
√(58.93 tanθ)2 +¿ ¿ ¿
2
∫ 58.932sec θdθ2 ¿
√(58.93) (tanθ) +1 ¿
2
∫ 58.93 sec2 θdθ2
√(58.93) sec θ
58.93 sec 2 θdθ
∫ 58.93 secθ
∫ secθ=ln ⁡(secθ +tanθ)
2 2
ln ⁡(
√( 58.93 ) + s + s )
√3472.76
2. therefore 2 2
a t=0.08
1 t m/s
√ 3472.76+ s2 + s∫ ds=∫ 0.04 t + 8.33 dt
( ) v2
t= ln ⁡( ) 3 a n=
0.7071 s=0.013t +8.33 t ρ
∫ dv=¿∫ ( 0.08√ 3472.76
t ) dt ¿
(51.416) 2
@t=2 2
v=0.04 t + c 2 π (350) a = =7.55m/ s2
s= =733.04 m n
350
3
s A =114.03
when t=0 m , v =8.33 (a¿ ¿ t) =0.5 S At 3¿+8.33 t a t=0.08 ( 32.82 )=2.63m/ s2
733.04=0.013
A

c=8.33
distance after 2 seconds t=32.82 seconds a=√ 7.552+ 2.632=8 m/ s 2
v=0.04 t 2+ 8.33 ads=vdv
2
14.66−83.33+114.03=45.36 v=0.04m t + 8.33
s v 2
v=0.04 (32.82) +8.33
0.5 s=¿ ∫ vdv ¿
∫v=51.416
. 0 m/s
41.67
For motorcycle A 2
3. 2 v
0.25 s = −868.19
(a¿ ¿ t) A=0.5 ( 114.03 )=57.015 m/s 2 ¿ 2
initial distance ( 0.25 s2 +868.19 ) 2=vFor 2
motorcycle B
2
0.7071 √ 114.03 +3472.76=v
s=rθ √ 0.5 s 2+ 1736.38=v(a¿ ¿ t)b=0 since constant speed ¿
m
90.76 =v
s π √ 0.5(s2 +3472.76)=v
s=(7)(120 °) 41.672 2
2180 ° a = =248.06 m/s
90.76 2 n
7
a n= m =1176.77 m/s
s=14.66 2
0.7071 √ s +3472.76=v
7
@t=2 s t s a=√ 248.062=248.06 m/s 2
a=√ 57.0152+ 1176.772=1178.15
∫ dt= ∫2 dsv
m/s
sb =rt 0
t
0
s
@t=2 sec ∫ 0.7071 ∫ 2 ds
dt=
1
m 0 √ s + 3472.76
(
sb = 41.67
s )
( 2 )=83.33 m
0
use trigonometric substitution

t s
1
∫ dt= 0.7071 ∫ 2 ds 2
0 0 √ s +(58.93)
let s=atanθ
s=58.93tanθ
ds=58.93 sec 2 θdθ
2
∫ 58.93 sec θdθ ¿
√(58.93 tanθ)2 +¿ ¿ ¿