BOBBY AND KATES ACADEMY INC.

San Diego St, Valenzuela City

Computer 3

Class Number: _____ Module 1 – First Quarter- SY2020-2021

Name:____________________________________________Date:____________________
Grade&Section:____________________________________Teacher: __________________

I. Learning Content
History of the Computer

II. Learning Objectives

At the end of the lesson, the learners will:
1. Discuss the History of the computers and the people behind its development
2. Differentiate the inventions that preceded the computer
3. Acknowledge the hard work of different inventors

III. Key Concepts

1. First calculating device Abacus
2. Inventors of the early computers
3. Computer Generations

IV. References
Awakening ICT Mousing, Keyboarding, and Drawing-Grade 1 book, pp 4-5

V. Learning Activities
A. Lesson proper

ABACUS

The abacus was made by the Chinese about 5,000 years ago to count numbers. Some of the
inventions after the abacus are the following

1. Pascaline- Blaise Pascal

2. Leibniz calculating machine- Gottfried Wilhelm von Leibniz
3. Arithometer/Arithmometer- Charles Xavier Thomas de Colmar
4. Difference Engine- Charles Babbage

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THE PEOPLE BEHIND THE DEVELOPMENT

Computer began with an English mathematics professor Charles

Babbage. After working on the difference engine for 10 years
Babbage began his work on the first general-purpose computer. He
called it Analytical Engine

Augusta Ada King. Babbage’s assistant. Helped in the machine’s

design. She noted as the first computer programmer

The analytical engine never worked but her plans showed the basic
elements of modern computers: input, output,
Charles Babbage storage, process, and control

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 In 1889, American inventor Herman Hollerith
applied the Jacquard loom (a weaving
technique in clothing) concept to computing.

Hollerith brought his Punch Card Reader

into the business world, founding the
Tabulating Machine Company in 1896.
This company became the international
Business Machines (IBM)
Herman Hollerith

Augusta Ada King

THE EARLY COMPUTERS

 EAM (Electromechanical Accounting Machine)

 ABC (Atansof Berry Computer)
 ASCC (Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator)
 Harvard Mark 1

Computer Generations

First Generation Computers (1940-1956)

Used vacuum tubes as their active logic elements. This gave the computers a great increase in
computational speed

Second Generation Computers (1956-1963)

In 1959, machines began using semi-conductors. Afterwards, the developers began using
transistors as a replacement for vacuum tubes. Computers using these semi-conductors
becames commercially available

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Third Generation Computers (1964-1971)

Appeared in the late sixties with the development of the Integrated circuits. The
development of integrated circuits increased the speed and efficiency of the computers. The
keyboard was used to input commands

Fourth Generation Computers (1971-present)

Came with the introduction of Very Large Scale Integrated Circuits called Microprocessors

Fifth Generation Computers

Are said to have Artificial Intelligence (AI). This means that like humans, computers will have
the ability to talk and think like humans do.

ELECTRICAL

ENERGY- is another word for power. Energy is the ability to do work. It makes things move, it
makes living things grow, and it makes machines work. Nothing can happen without it. For all
the things we like to do, we need energy. Energy makes things happen.

Energy exists in many forms such as heat, sound, movement, light and electricity. Life would
be different if we do not have energy around us. No sun means no life, no electricity means no
TV, computers or gadgets

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FORMS OF ENERGY

 Mechanical
 Thermal
 Chemical
 Light
 Sound
 Electrical

Mechanical Energy – is the energy of movement. It is the sum of potential and kinetic
energy. Potential energy is stored energy. An object with potential energy has the ability to
move or to do work

Chemical Energy - is energy that is released by a chemical reaction. Wood, coal, and oil
contain chemical energy. When these fuels are burned, the chemical energy changes to
radiant energy, as heat and light. The food you eat contains chemical energy that is released
when you digest your meal. The chemical energy in carbohydrates, fats and protein are
converted to nutrients absorbed by our bodies, and in turn we become energized. It is also
converted to body heat that keeps our bodies warm

Thermal Energy - is a type of energy made by the jiggling movement of tiny particles called
atoms and molecules, which everything in the universe is made from. The faster these
particles jiggle, the hotter something is. The temperature of an object tells us how fast its
atoms or molecules are moving. Cold is a lack of thermal energy. In cold objects, the atoms
and molecules do not move very fast. The slower they are, the colder they become. Heat is
the transfer of thermal energy from one object to another

Light - is a form of energy that we can see. There are many sources of light, from blazing
sunlight to the tiny glow of a firefly. We see objects when they give out light, or reflect it, into
our eyes. Our eyes are able to process this light and turn it into an image in our brain. The
Sun is the main source of light on Earth, we call it solar energy

Sound Energy - Sound is a type of energy that objects produce when they vibrate. Sound
is made up of vibrations, or sound waves, that we can hear. These sound waves are formed
by objects vibrating (shaking back and forth). Sound waves travel through air, water, and solid
objects as vibrations. When they reach our ears, these waves make the delicate skin of the
eardrums vibrate. The brain recognizes these vibrations as sounds made by different things.
The size and shape of sound waves determines the kind of sound heard. We use sound
energy for making music. Sound energy is also used for navigation by ships by using reflected
sound waves called echo. Underwater echoes are used by ships to scan the ocean floor. The
return time of the sound depends on the depth of the ocean

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Electrical Energy - is energy that is caused by moving electric charges. The faster the
electric charges are moving the more electrical energy they carry. Electricity have many uses
in our daily life. Electrical energy powers up our light bulbs, turns on our televisions and
computers, cools our refrigerators and air conditioners, heats up our microwave ovens, and
many more. These appliances only work when electrical energy is applied to it.

ACTIVITY

Imagine a world without electricity and continue the following sentences:

1. Without air conditioner or electric fan and the weather is hot, I will …..

2. Without a lamp or light and it is night time, I will use …..

3. Without television, radio or computers, I will entertain myself by …..

4. Without cars or any vehicle, I will go to school by …..

5. Without washing machine, I will …..