DYNAMIC ANALYSIS USING RESPONSE SPECTRUM METHOD

Dynamic Analysis shall be performed to obtain the design Seismic force, and its
distribution to different levels along the height of the building and to various lateral load
resisting elements for the following buildings:

(a) Regular Buildings:

Height > 90m in zones II & III.
>40m in zones IV & V
(b) Irregular Buildings: All framed buildings
Height > 40m in zones II & III.
>12m in zones IV & V
Types of Dynamic Analysis:
Dynamic Analysis may be performed by
1. Response Spectrum Method
2. Time History Method
Response Spectrum Method:
Qik =Ak ⱷik Pk Wi .

User will provide Ak and Wi. In these Ak can be provided by specifying Seismic
parameter configuration.
Wi can be provided by specifying Selfweight contribution in X, Y, Z direction with
factor 1 and dead load and appropriate live load in all three direction.
Response Spectrum Method of analysis shall be performed using the Design Spectrum
Ah= Z I Sa
2 R g
STAAD utilizes following procedure to generate the lateral seismic loads:
 User provides the value of Z I as factors for input spectrum.
2 R
 Program calculates time periods for first 15 modes or as specified by the user.
(earlier 6 modes)
  Program calculates Sa/g for each mode utilizing time period & damping for each
mode.
 The program calculates design horizontal acceleration spectrum Ak for different
modes.
 The program then calculates mode participation factor for different modes.
 The Peak lateral seismic force at each floor in each mode is calculated.
 All response quantities for each mode are calculated.
 The peak response quantities are then combined as per method (CQC or SRSS
or ABS or TEN or CSM) as defined by the user to get the final results.
 The design base shear VB (Calculated from the Response Spectrum Method) is
compared with the base shear Vb (Calculated by empirical formula for the
fundamental time period).
 If VB is less than Vb, all of the response quantities are multiplied by Vb/VB
as per clause 7.8.2.
Rules for Spectrum Load in STAAD
 Response spectrum Load definition you have to define within Seismic Load
definition.
 If you have to define all other load cases before defining this definition.
Design of seismic shear (VB)
Total design seismic base shear VB also any principal direction is given by
VB= Ah W

Ah= Design horizontal acceleration spectrum value

Ah= (Z/2) (I/R) (Sa/g)

W= Seismic weight of building
= Dead load + appropriate amount of imposed load.

Note:
1. Live load upto and including 3.0 KN/m2 =25% of imposed load.
2. Live load > 3.0KN/m2 = 50% of imposed load.
 3. For calculating design seismic forces imposed load on roof need not be
considered.
PROBLEM:

Data:

Length of building : 6 bays 4m each=24m

Height of building: 7 bays 3.0m each = 21.0m

Width of building : 6 bays 4m each =24m.

Zone V Medium Soil ; RF=5 I=1.0

Floor Loads: Dead Load for Floor slab: 4 KN/m2 and Roof slab: 5 KN/m2

Live Load for Floor slab: 2 KN/m2 and Roof slab: 1.50KN/m2
4.00
24.00

BEAMS ARE OF SIZE 0.3 X .30

4.00

24.00

COLUMN ARE OF SIZE 0.4 X .40

PLAN
 21.00

BEAMS ARE OF SIZE 0.3 X .30

3.00

COLUMN ARE OF SIZE 0.4 X .40

4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00

ELEVATION

1. Geometry Creation :
New Project  Select Space  Length =meters; Force=KN;
File Name=Dynamic Response Spectrum method  Next
Select  Open Structure Wizard  Finish.
Change to Frame models from Truss models  Select Bay Frame and double click on
it.
Length X=24.0m No. of Bays =6 Each Bay =4.0m
Height Y=21.0m No. of Bays=7 Each Bay =3.0m
Width Z=24.0m No. of Bays=6 Each bay =4.0m Apply Transfer Model
YesOk.
Go to front view.
2. Member Property :
Click General  Property Define  Rectangle YD=0.40 ZD=0.40m  Add 
YD=0.30 ZD=0.30AddClose. Highlight YD=0.40 ZD=0.40
Main menu Select Beam parallel to Y  Assign to selected beam  Assign
Yes.
Highlight YD=0.30 ZD=0.30 . Main menu  Select  Beam parallel to X axis and
Select  Beam parallel to Z  Assign to selected beam  Assign Yes
Close. Deselect the member.
3. Supports :
Go to front view.
Click Support  Create  Fixed Add. Highlight support 2 and select bottom support
nodes of column by windowing using node cursor  Assign to selected nodes 
Assign Yes  Close  De select the nodes and change to beam cursor.
4. Loading :
Following Load shall be considered for Response Spectrum Method:
1.Define Seismic Parameter Configuration.
2. Load case 1: DL+LL
3. Load case 2: Seismic loading-Response Spectrum.
Page Control Click Load & Definitions Definitions Seismic Definitions Add.
Seismic parameter screen will appear.
Select Type: IS1893-2002 Click GenerateAdd.
Select city or Zone: (Table 2 of IS1893-2002) say zone V Z=0.36
Response Reduction Factor(RF): (Table 7 of IS1893-2002) : 5 for SMRF
(Special Moment Resisting Frame)
Important Factor (I) : (Table 6 of IS1893-2002): 1 ( for Ordinary building)
Rock or Soil sites factor (SS): (Clause 6.4.5 of IS1893-2002): 2 ( for Medium soil)
Type of structure(ST)(Optional) (Clause 7.6 of IS1893-2002): 1 ( for RCC Frame
building)
Damping ratio (DM): (Table 3 of IS1893-2002) DM= 0.05 (for concrete).
Px =Period in X direction: (Optional)
Pz=Period in Z directionOptional)
Depth of foundation (DT):( For under ground structures):
Click Generate Add.
Self weightSelfweight Factor :1Add.
Floor weights Load pressure: 4KN/m2 (Dead load)
Define Y range Minimum =3.0m Maximum= 18m Add.
Load pressure: 5 KN/m2 (Dead load)
Define Y range Minimum =18 m Maximum= 21.0 Add
Load pressure : 0.50KN/m2 (25% of LL 2.0 KN/m2 )
Define Y range Minimum =3.0m Maximum= 18m Add
*Load pressure : 0.38 KN/m2 (25% of LL 1.5 KN/m2 )
Define Y range Minimum =18m Maximum= 21.0m Add Close.
Note: As per IS1893-2002 Live load on Roof need not be considered for seismic
analysis.
Load case 1 (DL+LL):
Click Load case details Add.
Number 1: Loading type: None
Title: Dead Load+Live Load  Add Close.
Click Load case 1Add.
Selfweight Selfweight Y Factor: -1  Add.
Floor Load (Dead Load of Floor slab except top roof) Pressure:-4 KN/m2
Global Y  Define Y range Mini.= 3.0m Max.=18.0m  Add
Floor Load (Dead Load of Roof slab ) Pressure:-5 KN/m2
Define Y range Mini.= 18.0m Max.=21.0m  Add
Floor Load (Live Load of Floor slab except top roof slab) Pressure:-2 KN/m2
Define Y range Mini.= 3.0m Max.=18.0m  Add
Floor Load (Live Load of Roof slab ) Pressure:-1.50 KN/m2
Define Y range Mini.= 18.0m Max.=21.0m  AddClose.
Highlight Selfweight Y -1   Assign to view  Assign  Yes.
Load case 2 (Response Spectrum Load)
Click Load case details Add.
Number 2: Loading type: Seismic
Title: Response spectrum  Add Close.
Click Load case 2 Add.
Click Selfweight  Direction  X Factor: 1  Add.
Selfweight  Direction  Y Factor: 1  Add.
Selfweight  Direction  Z Factor: 1  Add.
Floor Load (Dead Load of Floor slab except top roof) Pressure: 4 KN/m2
Define Y range Mini.= 3.0m Max.=18.0m  Direction  X  Add
Direction  Y  Add. Direction  Z  Add
Floor Load (Dead Load of Roof slab ) Pressure:5 KN/m2
Define Y range Mini.= 18.0m Max.=21.0m  Direction  X  Add
Direction  Y  Add. Direction  Z  Add.
Floor Load (Live Load of Floor slab except top roof slab) Pressure: 0.50 KN/m2
(25% of LL=2.0 KN/m2)
Define Y range Mini.= 3.0m Max.=18.0m  Direction  X  Add
Direction  Y  Add. Direction  Z  Add
*Floor Load (Live Load of Roof slab ) Pressure: 0.38KN/m2
(25% of LL= 1.50 KN/m2).
Define Y range Mini.= 18.0m Max.=21.0m  Direction  X  Add
Direction  Y  Add. Direction  Z Add Close.
Highlight Selfweight  X   Assign to view  Assign Yes.
Highlight Selfweight  Y   Assign to view  Assign Yes.
Highlight Selfweight  Z   Assign to view  Assign  Yes.
Click Seismic Loading  Add.
Response spectra  Select Code: IS1893
Combination Method: SRSS
Sub soil class: Medium soil DM=0.05 □ Include Torsion IS 1893
 □ X= Z I =0.36 x 1 = 0.036
2 R 2 5
Scale: 1 Add Close.
5. Analysis Type :
Page control Click Analysis/print  Mode Shapes  Add Close.
Click post print  Define commands Analysis resultsAdd
Storey Drift  Allowable Drift factor =0.005 Add Close.
Note: Save the File and Run the Program.
6. Analysis :
From Main Menu  ` Analysis  Run Analysis 
 View output file  Done.
7. Results :
 Go to post processing mode. Results
 Eigen solution -Fundamental frequency
 Response Spectrum Load
 Peak Storey Shear
 Peak Storey Shear Torsion
 Modal base actions
 Mass Participation factors in percent
 Analysis Results
 Joint Nodal Displacement
 Member forces
 Reactions forces
 Storey Drift.
By reviewing the results, if the modes are very close, change the SRSS Method to CQC
method.
Also see whether the mass participation factor is more than 90% as per code.
Check whether Missing weight i=(Dynamic Weight – Modal Weight).
Also check the design base shear VB is compared with the base shear Vb.
If VB is less than Vb, multiply the value of X by (0.036) x Vb/VB as per clause 7.8.2
and again Run the analysis once again to get accurate results.