PREPARED BY : MCP, RMT

Gram Negative cocci

1. Aerobic
a. Neisseria
b. Moraxella(Branhamella)

2. Anaerobic - Veillonella
NEISSERIACEAE
 1. Neisseria
 All Cytochrome oxidase +  Cytochrome oxidase -
 G/s – G- diplococci heme proteins that
“kidney/coffee bean contain Fe
shaped” - transfers electrons to
 Capnophilic oxygen in the last
reaction of aerobic
 Natural habitat:
rspiration
Principle –
TMPP (HCl)2 + oxidase =
indophenol (purple)
1.1 N. gonorrhoeae
 Cause Gonorrhea
 Virulence :
a. Pili – attachment
b. Capsule
c. LOS (endotoxin)
d. IgA protease
e. B-lactamase - PPNG
 Gonorrhea - STD
a. Men - Acute pyogenic c. Neonates Ophthalmia
infection of columnar neonatorum –
and transitional gonococcal eye infection
epithelium (prophylaxis -silver
Reservoir – asymptomatic nitrate)
carrier(1week)
b. Women – Endocervix,
PID may cause sterility
and Perihepatitis (Fitz-
Hugh-Curtis
syndrome)
Gonorrhea
Ophthalmia neonatorum /
Gonococcal ophthalmia
 Laboratory Diagnosis
 Collection – rectum,  G/s – intracellular and
pharynx, blood extracellular G –
a. Male – urethral diplococci (diagnostic) +
discharge( G/s 98%) 5PMNs/hpf
and 98% culture  Media – BAP (-) ,CAP +,
b. Female – endocervical and selctive media(5-
swab 10%CO2)
(68% G/s and 95% culture) Presumptive - Oxidase
 Never refrigerate
+(purple w/n 10sec)
candle jar

Pouch Systems
GasPak
Differences in Selective media
Anti - g+ Anti – g- Antifungal others

TMA Vanc Colistin Nystatin

MTM Vanc Colistin Nystatin Trim

Martin-Lewis Vanc Colistin Anisomycin Trim

New-York City Vanc Colistin Amphotericin Trim

 Causes
1.2 N. meningitidis
1. meningococcemia
-meningitis(inflammation)  Serogroups
2. Waterhouse-Friderichen a. Group A – meningitis
syndrome b. Group Y –
 From nasopharynx and Meningococcal
oropharynx in pneumonia
asymptomatic c. Group W-135
individual(1° source) invasive disease
3. DIC Culture: BAP and CAP +
Early vs late
1.3 Moraxella catarrhalis
(Formerly Neisseria)
 Opportunistic pathogen
 B-lactamase +
 Dnase+
 assaccharolytic
 Gonococci Vs Meningococci
 - capsule  +capsule
 - maltose  + maltose
 - vaccine (AnVar)  + vaccine
 STD  Respiratory
 Gonorrhea  Meningocococcemia
 Fitz-hugh-Curtis  Waterhouse Friderichsen
Syndrome(PID) syndrome (adrenal
 BAP – but CAP + failure)
 BAP and CAP+
 CTA – Differential test of Neisseria
CTA - CTA - CTA - CTA - Superoxol DNAse
glucose maltose Lactos sucrose catalase
e (30%)
N. gonorrhoeae + Strogly
+(effervesc
ence)
N. meningitidis + + Weakly +

N. lactamica + + +

N. sicca + + +

M. catarrhalis +
(Asaccharolytic) (clearing)