‫‪Advantage Steel-Concrete Composite Construction‬‬

‫‪:‬اعداد الطالب‬
‫ليث محمد اوهيم‬
‫كلية االسراء الجامعه‪ /‬قسم الهندسه المدنيه‬
1. Introduction
Composite Steel-Concrete Structures are used widely in modern bridge and
building construction. A composite member is formed when a steel component,
such as an I beam ,is attached to a concrete component, such as a floor slab or
bridge deck. In such a composite T-beam, the comparatively high strength of the
concrete in compression complements the high strength of the steel in tension. The
fact that each material is used to the fullest advantage makes composite Steel-
Concrete construction very efficient and economical. However, the real attraction
of such construction is based on having an efficient connection of the Steel to the
Concrete, and it is this connection that allows a transfer of forces and gives
composite members their unique behavior. The composite structure includes the
Composite Floors, Composite Beams and Composite Columns used individually or
in varying combinations to make the design cost-effective and efficient to the
desired performance and service requirements. The most commonly used sections
are Steel beam anchored to Concrete slab by means of shear connectors of rigid,
flexible or bearing types like studs, cut channels etc. and Steel column enclosed
within the RCC. Types of the Composite elements are illustrated below.

Figure1: Open Web Joist

 Figure2: Cross Section of One-Way Slab Floor

Figure 3: Composite
Floor System Using
Profiled System

Figure 4: Composite Floor

Figure 5: Typical Cross Sections
of Concrete Filled
Tubular Sections

Figure 6: Typical Cross-Sections of Fully and Partially Concrete Encased

 Figure 7: Composite Slab with Profiled Steel Sheet

Figure 8: Typical Beam Column Moment Connection Detail

Figure 9: Typical
Beam-Column Shear
Connection Detail
 Figure 10: Load Transfer through Head Plate

2. Advantage of steel concrete Composite Construction

The numerous advantages of composite construction using steel and concrete are:-
1. Most effective utilization of materials viz. concrete in compression and steel in
tension.

2. High ductility of steel leads to better seismic resistance of the composite section.
Steel component can be deformed in a ductile manner without premature failure
and can withstand numerous loading cycles before fracture.

3. Steel component has the ability to absorb the energy released due to seismic
forces through its unique property called ductility.

4. Ability to cover large column free area. This leads to more usable space. Area
occupied by the composite column is less than the area occupied by the RCC
column.

5. Faster construction by utilizing rolled and/or pre-fabricated components. Also

speedy construction facilitates quicker return on the invested capital.

6. Quality of steel is assured since it is produced under controlled environment in

the factory under strict Quality Assurance Plan (QAP). More use of steel in
composite construction compared to that in RCC structure ensures better quality
control.

7. Cost effective, based on life cycle cost analysis since steel structures can be
maintained easily and less frequent repairs are required for steel structure.

8. Steel is more durable, highly recyclable and hence environment friendly.

9. Keeping span/loading unaltered, smaller structural sections are required

compared to non-composite Construction.

Therefore, reduction in overall weight of the composite structure compared to the

RCC construction results lesser foundation costs.

10. Cost of formwork is lower compared to RCC construction.

11. Cost of handling and transportation is less because major part of structure is
fabricated in workshop near the site.

12. The steel component and hence the steel-concrete composite construction is
more resistant against accidental loads compared to RCC construction.

13. Composite sections have higher stiffness compared to only steel construction
and hence experience lesser deflection than the non-composite steel sections.
References

1. Tedia, A., & Maru, D. S. (2014). Cost, Analysis and Design of Steel-
Concrete Composite Structure Rcc Structure. IOSR Journal of Mechanical
and Civil Engineering, 11(1), 54-59.
2. Datta, D. (2005). Steel-concrete composite construction–New trend in
India‖. Journal of mechanical and civil engineering (IOSR-JMCE), E-ISSN,
2278-1684.
3. T.K. Bandyopadhyay, “Basic Concepts in Composite Structures”, Refresher
Course on Composite Construction using Structural Steel,
4. organized by Institute for Steel Development & Growth (INSDAG) and
Jadavpur University, Kolkata, 2000