٢–‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١

١
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢–‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ o

K‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬ o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬o
 
 ٪٩٠‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

K30W‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬١ J١ J١

،t‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬٢ J١ J١

‫א‬‫א‬ 

   ١ J١‫א‬K?‫א‬‫א‬?
 ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ESFENF
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬EcFEaF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
EdF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EbF‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 
1-1 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬3-1-1

E ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K ‫א‬‫א‬2-1‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫ א‬‫ א‬W 2-1   

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬٤ J١ J١

‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE 
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 EΤF‫א‬‫א‬EfF‫א‬٥ J١ J١

EHzHertzF‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬f‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬T‫א‬
1
 T= 1-1
f

 W‫א‬W١ J١ J١

 50 Hz  J
60 Hz  J
 W‫א‬

1 1
 T = = = 0.02 s = 20 ms    J 
f 50
1 1
 T = = = 0.01667 s = 16.67 ms    J
f 60
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE60 Hz

 ‫א‬‫א‬٦ J١ J١

v ‫ﺒ‬،E F‫א‬tE‫א‬F‫א‬
  . EImFVmEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEiF
W٣ J١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Fω‫א‬‫א‬ A‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬A‫א‬Aa‫א‬ (rad/s
α‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬OA‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬OA‫א‬
  α =ω t +θv 1-2
 KEt = 0F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬θv
،‫א‬2π‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ω = 2 π f 1-3
 ‫א‬‫א‬
v( t ) = Vm sin α
  = Vm sin (ω t + θ v ) 1-4
= Vm sin (2 π f t + θ v )
 ٤ J١‫א‬α‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬ W ٣ J١ ‫א‬

  K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬W ٤ J١ ‫א‬
 60 Hz‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢ J١ J١
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬

 ω = 2 π f = 2 π × 60 = 377 rad / s

 ‫א‬‫א‬W٣ J١ J١

π
  v( t ) =100 sin(377 t + ) V
6
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
t = 0.025 s ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
t = 0.025 s ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J

 W‫א‬
Vm = 100 V  J 
π
θv = rad = 30o   J
6
π 9.95×180
α = 377 × 0.025 + = 9.95 rad = deg = 570o   J
6 π
v = 100 × sin 570o = − 50 V   J

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧ J١ J١

 ‫א‬a(t)‫א‬T0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
T0

  Aav = 1 ∫ a(t ) dt  1-5

T0 0

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬a(t)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W2-1‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٤ J١ J١

T   J
T/2   J
 W‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٥ J١‫א‬T/2T0  J
T /2 T /2
1 1 2
Vav =
T /2 ∫ v(t ) dt = T / 2 ∫ Vm sin( ω t + θ v ) dt = π Vm = 0.637Vm
0 0

 
R‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
‫א‬(T F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

T
1
  Pac = ∫ R i( t ) 2 dt
T
0

-٧-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

  Idc‫א‬‫א‬
2
  Pdc = R I dc
 
  Pac = Pdc
 
T
1
  I dc = ∫ i( t ) 2 dt 1-6
T
0
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬. IrmsIEIdc‫א‬F‫א‬
 K٦Z١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ERoot Mean SquareF‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
T
1
  Vdc = ∫ v( t ) 2 dt 1-7
T
0
 ،2-4‫א‬
Vm
  V = Vdc = = 0.707 Vm 1-8
2
 
Im
 I= = 0.707 I m 1-9
2
W٥ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬R
K ‫א‬‫א‬،V/RI‫א‬‫א‬،1‫א‬
‫א‬2 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٩ J١‫א‬I/0.707‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 

-٨-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

1 2 R






‫א‬‫א‬W٥ J١‫א‬

 
Vdc = ‫א‬‫א‬،R = 50Ω‫א‬٥ J١ ‫א‬W٥ J١ J١
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،220V
 W‫א‬
 Idc‫א‬‫א‬
Vdc 220
  I dc = = = 4.4 A
R 50
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬I‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  I = I dc = 4.4 A
2-9‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  I m = 2 I = 2 × 4.4 = 6.2 A
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  P = R I 2 = 50× 4.4 2 = 968 W
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨ J١ J١

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬      K ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
، ٦ J١‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،
??   K ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 

-٩-
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

‫א‬‫א‬ EFourierF
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
K

 
 W٦ J١‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J١

 

‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬

  2  

  2  

 

 ٢ 
 


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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

  3  


 ١  


١ J١‫א‬

 EPhasorF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩ J١ J١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F
E٣ J١ ‫א‬FK ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
٧ J١‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Kt=0‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬iv،ImVmiv ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ θiθv
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KVm V
 v‫א‬KE 2 ‫א‬

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٧ J١

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 v( t ) = Vm sin (ω t + θ v ) = V 2 sin (ω t + θ v )
 ‫א‬‫א‬
  V = V ∠θ v  1-10
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬θvE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬V
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  V = V cos θ v + j V sin θ v  1-11
 K j = − 1 
 KEPhasor diagramF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K v( t ) =141.4 sin (377 t + 30 o ) V ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٦ J١ J١

 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
Vm 141.4
 V= = =100 V 
2 2
‫א‬‫א‬
  V =100 ∠30o V 

 ‫א‬١٠ J١ J١

 ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  B ‫א‬  ERealF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  A ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  C
 K٨ J١‫א‬ EImaginaryF

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 
 W٨ J١‫א‬

 W C‫א‬‫א‬
  C = A + jB 1-12

 C‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  C = C (cos θ + j sin θ ) = C ∠θ 1-13

 
  C = A 2 +B 2 ; θ = tan −1 (B / A) 1-14

 
  A = C cos θ ; B = A = C sin θ 1-15

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF 
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ E F 
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬
C1 = A1 + jB1 ;
  C 2 = A2 + jB2 ;
C = C1 ± C 2 = ( A1 + A2 ) ± j ( B1 + B2 )

 ٩ J١‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

  

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 
 W٩ J١‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
C1 = C1 ∠θ1 ;
  C 2 = C 2 ∠θ 2 ;
C = C1 × C 2 = C1 C 2 ∠(θ1 + θ 2 )

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
C1 = C1 ∠θ1 ;
  C 2 = C 2 ∠θ 2 ;
C = C1 / C 2 = ( C1 / C 2 )∠(θ1 − θ 2 )

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

،C1C2،C1-C2،C1+C2‫א‬،C2=-3.5+j8 C1=5+j23‫א‬W٧ J١ J١

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KC1/C2
 ‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬

C = C1+C2 = (5 -3.5) + j(23+8) = 1.5 + j31

 E1-14F‫א‬

C = (1.5) 2 + (31) 2 = 31.04 ; θ = tan −1 (31 / 1.5) = 87.2° ⇒ C = 31.04∠87.2°

 W‫א‬

C = C1-C2 = (5 +3.5) + j(23-8) = 8.5 + j15

 E1-14F‫א‬

C = (8 . 5 ) 2 + (15 ) 2 = 17 . 2 ; θ = tan −1 (15 / 8 . 5 ) = 60 . 5 ° ⇒ C = 17 . 2 ∠ 60 . 5

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬E1-14F‫א‬

C1 = (5) 2 + (23) 2 = 23.5 ; θ = tan −1 (23 / 5) = 77.7° ⇒ C1 = 23.5∠77.7°

C 2 = (−3.5) 2 + (8) 2 = 8.7 ; θ = tan −1 (8 / (− 3.5)) = 113.6° ⇒ C 2 = 8.7∠113.6°
C = 23.5 × 8.7 = 204.5 ; θ = 77.7+ 113.6=191.3° ⇒ C = 204.5∠191.3°

 E1-15F‫א‬

A = 204.5 cos 191.3 = − 200.5 ; B = 204.5 sin 191.3 = − 40.1 ⇒ C = − 200.5 − j 40.1
 W‫א‬
C1 = 23.5∠77.7° : C 2 = 8.7∠113.6°
C = 23.5 / 8.7 = 2.7 ; θ = 77.7 − 113.6=− 35.9° ⇒ C = 2.7∠ − 35.9°

 E1-15F‫א‬

A = 2.7 cos (−35.9) = 2,19 ; B = 2.7 sin (−35.9) = − 1.58 ⇒ C = 2.19 − j 1,58

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 K30 ms100‫א‬١ J١ J١

 ‫؟‬60 Hz‫א‬‫א‬6‫א‬‫א‬٢ J١ J١

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣ J١ J١
o o
 8.4 sin 10000 t‫؛‬100 cos (754 t + 45 )،-30 sin 942 t ‫؛‬50 sin (314 t + 30 )

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬٣ J١ J١‫א‬‫א‬٤ J١ J١

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢ J١

‫א‬R‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٠a J١‫א‬F‫א‬
  v( t ) = Vm sin (ω t + θ v )
 ‫א‬‫א‬
v( t ) Vm sin (ω t + θ v )
i( t ) = = = I m sin (ω t + θ v )  
R R
 
Vm
  Im =
R
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
V
 I= 1-16
R
١٠b J١‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬θv=0

‫א‬‫א‬W١٠ J١

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢ J٢ J١

‫א‬‫א‬i(t)١ J‫א‬‫א‬
K1-17e(t)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Ea١١ J١‫א‬FL
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬v(t)‫א‬KK‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

di( t )
  v( t ) = − e(t) = L  1-17
dt

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W١١ J١

 ‫א‬

  i( t ) = I m sin (ω t + θ i )
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
v( t ) = ω L I m cos (ω t + θ i )
  = ω L I m sin (ω t + θ i + 90° )  
= Vm sin (ω t + θ i + 90° )
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  Vm = ω L I m 1-18
 ‫א‬
  XL = ωL 1-19

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
  V =ωL I = XL I 1-20
b١١ J١ ‫א‬‫א‬،90°‫ﺒ‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬θi=0
W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،  EF‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣ J٢ J١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ C‫א‬ ١ J‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 Ea١٢ J١‫א‬F
dv( t )
  i( t ) = C 1-21
dt

 
‫א‬‫א‬W١٢ J١
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬
  v( t ) = Vm sin (ω t + θ v )  

- ١٩ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬
i( t ) = ω C Vm cos (ω t + θ )
  = ω C Vm sin (ω t + θ + 90° )
= I m sin (ω t + θ + 90° )
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
1
  Vm = Im 1-22
ωC
 ‫א‬
1
  XC = 1-23
ωC
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
1
 V = I = XC I 1-24
ωC
b١٢ J١ ‫א‬‫א‬،90°‫ﺒ‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬θv=0
 ‫א‬‫א‬W٤ J٢ J١
 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬I‫א‬‫א‬V‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬،Z‫א‬‫א‬
V=ZI 1-25
K ‫א‬Z‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫• א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
  V = V ∠θ v  
 ‫א‬‫א‬
- ٢٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

  I = I∠θ v  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
V∠θ v V o
  ZR = = ∠0 = R ∠0o = R  1-26
I ∠θ v I
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K1-16‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١٣ J١‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬W١٣ J١

 ‫א‬‫• א‬

‫א‬،90°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، θ i = θ v − 90o
V∠θ v V
ZL = = ∠90o = X L ∠90o = jX L  1-27
I ∠(θ v − 90) I
‫א‬j‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،1-20‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬K90°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١٤ J١

‫א‬‫א‬W١٤ J١

- ٢١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫• א‬

‫א‬،90°‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬، θ i = θ v + 90o
V∠θ v V
ZC = = ∠ − 90o = X C ∠ − 90o = − jX C 1-28
I ∠(θ v + 90) I
‫א‬-j‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،1-24‫א‬‫א‬
KK  ‫א‬‫א‬K-90o‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  
 K‫א‬‫א‬١٥ J١‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬W١٥ J١
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥ J٢ J١

‫א‬‫א‬١٦ J١ ‫א‬

 KZT ‫א‬K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ : ١٦ J١‫א‬

 
 
…
 V = V1 + V2 + + VN  
 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬
 Vx = Zx I , V = ZT I  
 ،x = 1, 2, …, N
…
 ZT = Z1 + Z2 + + ZN 1-29
 ZT‫א‬‫א‬
 ZT = RT + j XT = ZT ∠θ 1-30
‫א‬F،‫א‬‫א‬RT‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬XT‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W  o
‫א‬،  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  o
K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W  o
 XT‫א‬RT‫א‬ZT‫א‬‫א‬
  Z T = R T2 + X T2  1-31
 
 XTRTθ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
⎛X ⎞
  θ = tan −1 ⎜⎜ T ⎟⎟ 1-32
⎝ RT ⎠
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،EImpedance Diagram)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
XL‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬R‫א‬١٧ J١ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬jXC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬j

- ٢٣ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 

 
‫א‬W١٧ J١   

،L=8mH،R=7Ω،١٨ J١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١ J٢ J١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K v =100 2 sin (377 t ) V
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬VLVR‫א‬

 K

 
١٨ J١ 
 W‫א‬
 XL = ω L = 377 × 8 × 10-3 = 3 Ω ‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫ א‬ZT = R + jXL
o
= 7 + j3 Ω = 7.6 ∠ 23.2 Ω
 K‫א‬a١٩ J١‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
o
V = 100 ∠0 V
 W‫א‬
I = V / ZT=100 ∠0o /7.6 ∠ 23.2o = 13.2 ∠ -23.2o A
 W‫א‬‫א‬
VR = R I=7 × 13.2 ∠ -23.2o= 92.4 ∠ -23.2o V
- ٢٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬‫א‬
VL = jXL I = 3∠90o × 13.2 ∠ -23.2 o =39.6 ∠ 66.8o V
K‫א‬‫א‬b١٩ J١‫א‬

 
١٩ J١   
 ‫א‬‫א‬90o0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE-F

،‫א‬٢٠ J١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢ J٢ J١

،E ‫א‬FVCE ‫א‬FVRV‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K v = 200 2 sin (377 t ) V ،C=332µF،R=5Ω

 
٢٠ J١   
 W‫א‬
-6
XC = 1 / (ω C) = 1/ (377 × 332 × 10 ) = 8 Ω ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  ZT = R – jXC 
o
 = 5 – j8 Ω = 9.4 ∠ -58 Ω

- ٢٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 K‫א‬a٢١ J١‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
o
V = 200 ∠0 V
 W‫א‬
I = V / ZT= 200 ∠0o/9.4 ∠ -58o 
 = 21.3 ∠ 58o A
‫א‬‫א‬
 VR = R I = 5× 21.3 ∠ 58o= 106.5 ∠ 58o V
‫א‬‫א‬
 VC = - Jxc I = 8 ∠-90o× 21.3 ∠ 58o= 170.4 ∠ -32o V
 K‫א‬‫א‬b٢١ J١‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬90o0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE-F
 

٢١ J١ 
 

I‫א‬ZT‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٢ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣ J٢ J١

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
- ٢٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 

 
٢٢ J١   
 W‫א‬
 ZT = ZR + ZL + ZC = 5 + j7 – j4
  = 5 + j3 Ω= 5.8 ∠ 31o Ω
 
o o o
I = V / ZT = 100 ∠0 / 5.8 ∠31 = 17.2 ∠-31 A
o o
VR = R I = 5 × 17.2 ∠-31 = 86 ∠-31 V
o o o
VL = jXL I = 7∠90 × 17.2 ∠-31 = 120.4 ∠59 V
o o o
VC =- jXC I = 4∠-90 × 17.2 ∠-31 = 68.8 ∠-121 V
 VR + VL + V C = (73.6 – j44.3) + (61.9 + j103.2) + (- 35.5 – j59) = 100 V = V
 K‫א‬‫א‬b٢٣ J١‫א‬،‫א‬٢٣a J١‫א‬

 
٢٣ J١   

- ٢٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

‫א‬31o‫א‬V‫א‬‫א‬I‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬VR‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬VC‫א‬،90o‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬VL‫א‬
 K90o‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬W٦ J٢ J١

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ZX
  VX =V
ZT
‫א‬‫א‬ZT‫؛‬Zx‫א‬‫א‬ Vx 
 K‫א‬‫א‬V‫؛‬‫א‬

،٢٤ J١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬V1VC،VL،VR‫א‬‫א‬W٤ J٢ J١

 K‫א‬

 

- ٢٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

٢٤ J١   W‫א‬

o
ZT = R + j XL – j XC = 6 + j7 – j15 = 6 – j8 Ω = 10 ∠-53.1 Ω
R V 6∠0o ×100∠0o
  VR = = = 60∠53.1o V
ZT 10∠ − 53.1o
j X L V 7∠90o ×100∠0o
  VL = = = 70∠143.1o V
ZT 10∠ − 53.1o
- j X C V 15∠ − 90o ×100∠0o
  VC = = = 150∠ − 36.9o V 
ZT 10∠ − 53.1o
(jX L - j X C ) V (7∠90 o − 15∠90 o ) 100∠0 o 8∠ − 90 o × 100∠0 o
V1 = = =
  ZT 10∠ − 53.1o 10∠ − 53.1o 
= 80∠ − 36.9 Vo

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥ J٢ J١
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٢٥ J١‫א‬KR-L-C ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  fr ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ٢٥ J١ ‫א‬    K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ fr  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
     fr  ‫א‬      ‫א‬     ٢٥ J١ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬fr ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
.fr ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٢٩ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬W٢٥ J١
K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ W ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ RL ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٦ J١ ‫א‬

 ‫א‬ Rs ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢٦ J١
 
R= Rs+ RL‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ZT= R+jXL – jXc = R+ j ( XL-Xc )
W‫א‬
XL = Xc 1-33
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
ZT = R 1-34
 
- ٣٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ٣٣ J١‫א‬C‫א‬L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W
1
X L =ωs L ; X C =
ωs C
 W
1
ωs = 1-35
LC
 ‫א‬
ωs 1
fs = = 1-36
2π 2π LC
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
V s ∠θ V V s
I ∠θ I = = ∠θV
R R
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٨٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ٢٧ J١‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬

 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢٧ J١

 Vc, VL, VR I٢٨ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥ J٢ J١

 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬
ZT= R= 2Ω
V 10∠0
I= = = 5∠0 A
ZT 2∠0
VR = IR = 5∠0× 2 =10∠0 V
  V L = I . X L = 5 ∠ 0 × 10 ∠ 90 ° = 50 ∠ 90 ° V
V C = I . X C = 5 ∠ 0 × 10 ∠ − 90 ° = 50 ∠ − 90 ° V
 

 
 ٢٨ J١
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

W ٢٩ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥ J٢ J١

 K‫א‬Xc  J
K‫א‬ Vc VL VR‫א‬I‫א‬  J


 
 ٢٩ J١
:‫א‬
 W‫א‬ J
Xc = XL = 30 Ω
W‫א‬  J

V 50∠0
I= = = 10∠0 A
ZT 5∠0
  VR = Vs =50∠0 V
  V L = I . X L = 10 ∠ 0 × 30 ∠ 90 ° = 300 ∠ 90 ° V
V C = I . X C = 10 ∠ 0 × 30 ∠ − 90 ° = 300 ∠ − 90 ° V
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥ J٢ J١
‫א‬‫א‬٣٠ J١‫א‬
 KZT ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  IT = I1 + I 2 + . . . + IN
 ‫א‬
 Ix = V / Zx , IT = V / ZT
 
 ،x = 1, 2, …, N
1 1 1 1
  = + + ... + 1-37
Z T Z1 Z 2 ZN

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣٠ J١ ‫א‬

‫א‬،Y = 1/Z،Z ‫א‬Y ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 1-37‫א‬
 YT = Y1 + Y2 + . . . + YN 1-38
 ‫א‬E S F Siemens‫א‬
 YT = GT + j BT 1-39
BT‫א‬‫א‬،E  ‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬GT‫א‬‫א‬
 KEFEF‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٣١ J١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٦ J٢ J١

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

 
 
٣١ J١ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬
1 1 1 1
  YT = + = + = 0.2 − j0.5 S = 0.54 ∠ − 68.2o S 
R jX L 5 j2

- ٣٤ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

1 1
  ZT = = =1.9 ∠68.2o Ω 
YT 0.54 ∠ − 68.2o
 K‫א‬٣٢a J١‫א‬
V
  IT = = YT V = 0.54 ∠ − 68.2o × 30 ∠0o =16.2∠ − 68.2o A 
ZT
V 30 ∠0o
  IR = = = 6∠0o A 
R 5
V 30 ∠0o
  IL = = = 15 ∠ − 90o A 
jX L 2 ∠90o
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٢b J١‫א‬

 
 
٣٢ J١ ‫א‬
 -‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٧ J٢ J١

 K٣٣ J١‫א‬‫א‬

 
٣٣ J١ ‫א‬  

- ٣٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬
1 1 1 1
  YT = + = + = 0.3 + j0.4 S = 0.5 ∠53.1o S 
R − jX C 3.33 − j2.5
1 1
  ZT = = = 2 ∠ − 53.1o Ω
YT 0.5 ∠53.1o
 K‫א‬a٣٤ J١‫א‬
V
  IT = = YT V = 0.5 ∠53.1o × 20 ∠30o =10∠83.1o A
ZT
V 20 ∠30o
  IR = = = 6∠30o A
R 3.33
V 20 ∠30o
  IC = = = 8 ∠120o A
− jX C 2.5 ∠ − 90 o

 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬b٣٤ J١‫א‬

 
 
٣٤ J١ ‫א‬
‫א‬YT‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣٥ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WW٨ J٢ J١
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،ITICILIR‫א‬‫א‬IT‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
٣٥ J١ ‫א‬  

- ٣٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬
1 1 1 1 1 1
YT = YR + YL + YC = + + = + +
  R jX L − jX C 4 j5 − j3.33 
= 0.25 + j 0.1 S = 0.27 ∠21.8o S
o
 ZT = 1 / YT = 3.7 ∠-21.8 Ω
o o o
 IT = YT V = 0.27 ∠21.8 × 50 ∠53.1 = 13.5 ∠74.9 A
o o
 IR = V / R = 50 ∠53.1 / 4 = 12.5 ∠53.1 A
 
o o o
 IL = V / jXL = 50 ∠53.1 / 5 ∠90 = 10 ∠-36.9 A
o o o
 IC = V / -jXC = 50 ∠53.1 / 3.33 ∠-90 = 15 ∠143.1 A
 IR + IL + I C = (7.5 + j 10) + (8 – j 6) + (-12 + j 9) = 3.5 + j 13 A = IT
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬b٣٦ J١‫א‬،‫א‬a٣٦ J١‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
٣٦ J١ ‫א‬  
 
 K – ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٣٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬W٥ J٢ J١

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Z2Z1‫א‬‫א‬
Z2 IT Z I
  I1 = , I2 = 1 T 1-40
Z1 + Z 2 Z1 + Z 2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬IT

 K‫א‬،2-28‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٩ J٢ J١

 
٣٧ J١ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬

− j X C IT 3∠ − 90 o ×10∠30 o 30 ∠ − 60 o
  I RL = = = = 6.71∠ − 123.4 o A
( R + jX L ) − jX C 2 + j 7 − j3 4.47 ∠63.4 o

( R + jX L ) I T (2 + j 7) 10∠30 o 7.28∠74.1o ×10 ∠30 o

  IC = = = = 16.29 ∠40.7 o A 
( R + jX L ) − jX C 4.47 ∠63.4 o
4.47 ∠63.4 o

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٦ J٢ J١

RL  ٣٨ J١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 

‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ Rs    ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٣٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 
٣٨ J١‫א‬
 
           ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ R-L‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 WR-L
  Z R − L = RL + jX L       
1 1
  YR − L = =      
Z R − L RL + jX L
1 R − jX L
  YR − L = × L     
RL + jX L RL − jX L
1 1
  YR − L = −j      
Rp Xp
 
RL2 + X L2 RL2 + X L2
  Rp = Xp=    
RL XL
 ٣٩ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ٣٩ J١‫א‬
     

- ٣٩ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬
RL2 + X L2
  XC = X p ⇒ XC = 1-41
XL

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
1L
  fp = − R L2 1-42
2π L C

Rs ‫א‬RL ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬
 
W٤٠ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٠ J٢ J١
 K‫א‬Xc •
‫א‬ZT‫א‬‫• א‬
 ‫א‬Ic،Il ‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬C L20.000 Hz‫א‬‫א‬ •

 
 ٤٠ J١‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 ٤١ J١‫א‬‫א‬ •
RL2 + X L2 2 2 + 30 2
  XC = = ≈ 30 Ω
XL 30
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

- ٤٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

Rs R p
ZT =
Rs + R p
RL2 + X L2 2 2 + 30 2
  Rp = = = 452 Ω
RL 2
450 × 452
ZT = = 225.5 Ω
450 +452
‫א‬‫• א‬
  V = I Z T = 80 × 10 −3 ∠0 × 225.5∠0 = 18 ∠0 V
 
V 18∠0
IL = = = 0.6 ∠ − 86° A
RL + j X L 2 + j 30
 
V 18∠0
IC = = = 0.6 ∠90° A
− j X C 30 ∠ − 90°
CL‫א‬ •
XL 30
X L = 2π f p L ⇒ L = = = 2.4 × 10 −4 H
2π f p 2π × 20000
 
1 1 1
XC = ⇒C= = = 2.65 × 10 −7 F
2π f p C 2π f p X C 2π × 20000 × 30
 ‫א‬‫א‬–‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٧ J٢ J١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬،٤١ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١١ J٢ J١

‫؛‬ZT‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫؛‬IT‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫؛‬IL‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫؛‬VR‫א‬‫ א‬ J
KVC‫א‬‫ א‬ J

- ٤١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 
 
٤١ J١‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ،٤٢ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
  Z1 = R = 2 Ω             
( j X L ) (− j X C ) (6 ∠90o ) (4 ∠ − 90o )
  Z2 = = = − j12 Ω = 12 ∠ − 90o Ω    
( j X L ) + (− j X C ) j6 − j 4
  Z T = Z1 + Z 2 = 2 − j12 Ω =12.17 ∠ − 80.5o Ω
-‫א‬
 

 
٤٢ J١ ‫א‬
        J
V 100 ∠ 0o
IT = = = 8.22 ∠ 80.5o A
Z T 12.17 ∠ − 80.5 o

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
   
(- j X C ) I T (4 ∠ − 90 o ) (8.22∠80.5 o )
IL = = = 16.44 ∠ − 99.5 o A
(- j X C ) + ( j X L ) 2 ∠ 90 o

VR = R I T = 2 × 8.22 ∠ 80.5o = 16.44 ∠80.5o V        J 

VC = Z 2 I T = 12 ∠ − 90 o × 8.22 ∠ 80.5 o = 98.64 ∠ − 9.5 o V      J
 

- ٤٢ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬،٤٣ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WW١٢ J٢ J١

K‫א‬ VC‫א‬‫ א‬ J
KIT‫א‬‫ א‬ J

 
 
٤٣ J١ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬
،٤٤ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ VC‫א‬  J
 

 
 
٤٤ J١ ‫א‬
  Z1 = R1 = 8 Ω             
R 2 (R 3 + j X L ) 8 (6 + j5) 62.48 ∠39.8o
  Z2 = = = = 4.2 ∠20.1o Ω = 3.94 + j1.44 Ω  
R 2 + (R 3 + j X L ) 8 + (6 + j5) 14.87 ∠19.7 o

  Z 3 = − j X C = − j5 Ω            

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬
Z3 V (5 ∠ − 90o ) (50 ∠0o ) 250 ∠ − 90o
  VC = = = = 20.06 ∠ − 73.4o V 
Z1 + Z 2 + Z 3 (8) + (3.94 + j1.44) + (− j5) 12.46 ∠ − 16.6 o

              J

VC 20.06 ∠ − 73.4o
  IT = = = 4.01∠16.6o A        
− jXC 5 ∠ − 90 o

 W‫א‬،٤٥ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٣ J٢ J١

‫؛‬ZT‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫؛‬IT‫א‬‫ א‬ J
‫؛‬I1‫א‬-‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J
 KI2‫א‬-‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J

 
٤٥ J١ ‫א‬  
 W‫א‬
 W،٤٦ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
٤٦ J١ ‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

              
Z1 = 2 + j3 Ω = 3.61∠56.3o Ω
  Z 2 = 9 − j 7 Ω = 11.4 ∠ − 37.9o Ω         
Z 3 = 6 + j5 Ω = 7.81∠39.8o Ω
Z2 Z3 (11.4 ∠ − 37.9 o ) (7.81∠39.8 o ) 89.03 ∠1.9 o
ZT1 = = =
  Z2 + Z3 (9 − j 7) + (6 + j 5) 15.13 ∠ − 7.6 o  
= 5.88 ∠9.5 o Ω = 5.8 + j 0.97 Ω
 Z T = Z1 + Z T 1 = 2 + j 3 + 5.8 + j 0.97 = 7.8 + j 3.97 Ω = 8.75 ∠27 o Ω    J 
V 100 ∠ 0 o
IT = = = 14.3 ∠ − 27 o A         J
Z T 8.7 ∠ 27 o
I1‫א‬‫א‬  J
Z3 I T (7.8 ∠ 39.8 o ) (11.43∠ − 27 o ) 89.154∠12.8o
I1 = = = = 5.9 ∠ 20.4 o A  
Z2 + Z3 (9 − j 7) + (6 + j 5) 15.13∠ − 7.6 o

I2‫א‬  J
  I 2 = I T − I 1 = (10.69 − j 5.71) − (5.52 + j 2.05) = 9.25 ∠ − 56 o A     
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٨ J٢ J١

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
EdiodesF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬F‫א‬
KEcathodeF‫א‬E ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،EanodeF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٤٧ J١‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

‫א‬W٤٧ J١‫א‬

 K‫א‬

 

F،‫א‬٤٨ J١‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬KRLDE 
‫א‬i0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 Kvs‫א‬‫א‬،٤٩ J١‫א‬v0

 
‫א‬‫א‬W٤٨ J١‫א‬  
 
‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٥ J١‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
T 2

  V0 = 1 ∫ Vm sin ωt dt = Vm = 0.318Vm 1-43

T 0
π
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Vm
Vm
  I 0 = 0.318 = 0.318 I m 1-44
RL
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٤٩ J١‫א‬
 
‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥٠ J١ ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬a‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Kb‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٥١ J١‫א‬K
  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٤٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
T
1 2V
 V0 = ∫ Vm sin ωt dt = m = 0.636Vm 1-45
T π
0
Vm
  I 0 = 0.636 = 0.636 I m 1-46
RL

 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥٠ J١ ‫א‬  
 
 

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥١ J١ ‫א‬  
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٩ J٢ J١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K٥٢ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٤ J٢ J١

 
 ٥٢ J١‫א‬

 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Wa‫א‬W١‫א‬
   I T − I 1 − I 2 = 0
 WI‫א‬W٢‫א‬
  − 100∠0° + (2+ j3) IT + (9 − j 7) I1 = 0
 WII‫א‬W٣‫א‬
  − ( 9 − j 7 ) I 1 + ( 6+ j 5 ) I 2 = 0
 W‫א‬
I T − I1 − I 2 = 0
  (2+ j 3) I T + (9 − j 7) I1 + 0 I 2 = 100∠0°
0 I T − (9 − j 7) I1 + (6+ j 5) I 2 = 0
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

0 −1 −1
100∠0° (9 − j 7) 0
0 − (9 − j 7) (6+ j 5)
  IT = =11.4 ∠ − 27° A
1 −1 −1
(2 + j 3) (9 − j 7) 0
0 − (9 − j 7) (6+ j 5)
 
1 0 −1
(2 + j 3) 100∠0° 0
0 0 (6+ j 5)
  I1 = = 5.9 ∠20.4° A
1 −1 −1
(2 + j 3) (9 − j 7) 0
0 − (9 − j 7) (6+ j 5)
 

1 −1 0
(2 + j 3) (9 − j 7) 100∠0°
0 − (9 − j 7) 0
  I2 = = 5.9 ∠20.4° A
1 −1 −1
(2 + j 3) (9 − j 7) 0
0 − (9 − j 7) (6+ j 5)

- ٥٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،i(t)=6sin(377t+30o)A‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢ J١
،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،v(t)=220sin(377t+60o)V
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬،i(t)=10sin(377t)A‫א‬‫א‬١ J٢ J١‫א‬٢ J٢ J١

 Kv(t)=380cos(377t+60o)V

‫א‬،‫א‬٣ J٢ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣ J٢ J١

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
٣ J٢ J١ ‫א‬  

،٤ J٢ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬V2V1‫א‬‫א‬٤ J٢ J١

 K‫א‬

 
٤ J٢ J١ ‫א‬
 

‫א‬،‫א‬٥ J٢ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥ J٢ J١

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٥١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 
 
٥ J٢ J١ ‫א‬

٦ J٢ J١‫א‬‫ א‬b a‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦ J٢ J١

 K‫א‬

 
٦ J٢ J١ ‫א‬  

‫؛‬VL‫א‬I1‫א‬‫א‬،٧ J٢ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧ J٢ J١

 
 
٧ J٢ J١‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٨ J٢ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨ J٢ J١
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 
٨ J٢ J١ ‫א‬  

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 K٩ J٢ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨ J٢ J١‫א‬٩ J٢ J١

 

 ٩ J٢ J١‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 ١ J٣ J١

 Z = Z ∠θ
 
  v(t) = Vm sin ω t = V 2 sin ω t
 ‫א‬
  i ( t ) = I m sin ( ω t − θ) = I 2 sin ( ω t − θ)
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬t‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
  p(t) = v(t) i(t) 1-47
‫א‬‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬′‫א‬′،
 ‫א‬‫א‬
p( t ) = V I cos θ − V I cos θ cos 2ωt + V I sin θ sin 2ωt 1-48
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬
 t2t1 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
t2
  W = ∫ p( t ) dt 1-49
t1
 KEJJouleF‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٣ J١

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
T
1
  P = ∫ p( t ) dt = V I cos θ 1-50
T
0
‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEWWattF‫א‬‫א‬،E
 ‫א‬
‫א‬θ=0‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬R
 ‫א‬‫א‬
  p R (t) = V I − V I cos 2ωt 1-51
‫א‬٥٣ J١ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬
  P = V I =R I 2 = V 2 / R 1-52
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE‫א‬F‫א‬f2f
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
T
 WR =∫ p R ( t ) dt = V I T = R I 2 T = (V 2 / R ) T 1-53
0
 

 
‫א‬‫א‬W٥٣ J١‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬θ=90o‫א‬‫א‬EF‫א‬EF
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣ J٣ J١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ZS‫א‬‫א‬
 ،EVAF‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
2 2
 S = V I = Z I = V / Z 1-54
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬E‫א‬F
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥٤ J١٥٠ J١‫א‬

 P = S cosθ 1-55
 ‫א‬
P
  cos θ = 1-56
S
‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،θ=0
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ cosθ=0KE‫א‬F
 K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬٤ J٣ J١
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٤٨ J١ ‫א‬90o‫ﺒ‬θ‫א‬‫א‬EF
  p L ( t ) = V I sin 2ωt 1-57
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬pL‫א‬
‫א‬K  ٥٤ J١ ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ EpLF‫א‬VI‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥٤ J١‫א‬  

‫א‬‫א‬،٤٨ J١‫א‬-90°‫ﺒ‬θ‫א‬‫א‬EF
 ‫א‬
  pC ( t ) = − V I sin 2ωt 1-58
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬pC‫א‬
K  ٥٥ J١‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬E pCF‫א‬VI‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٥٥ J١‫א‬  

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 Z = Z∠θ Q‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 Q = V I sin θ 1-59
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EVARvolt-ampere reactiveF-‫א‬
 KEFEF‫א‬‫א‬
 QL‫א‬‫א‬،XL
2 2
 QL = V I = XL I = V / XL  1-60

 K‫א‬‫א‬″″‫א‬‫א‬،
 QC‫א‬‫א‬،XC 
2 2
 QC = -V I = -XC I = -V / XC 1-61
 K‫א‬‫א‬″″‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،

 ‫א‬٥ J٣ J١

  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K٥٩ J١٥٤ J١٥٠ J١‫א‬
 -‫א‬b٥٦ J١a٥٦ J١‫א‬
-
QLQ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬QC‫א‬‫א‬QL،QC
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،-‫א‬Q
 K‫א‬QCQL‫א‬K-

 
 
 (b)-،(a)-‫א‬W٥٦ J١‫א‬
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬
  S2 = P 2 + Q 2 1-62
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬PT‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬QT‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬K ST = PT2 + QT2 ST‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 cos θ T = PT S W‫א‬‫א‬ •
T

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١ J٣ J١

 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،٥٧ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 ٥٧ J١‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 PT = P1 + P2 + P3 = 200 + 100 + 300 = 600 WW‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 QT = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 = 0 + 80 - 250 = -170 VAR W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K-‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ST = PT2 + Q T2 = (600) 2 + (−170) 2 = 624 VA 

- ٥٩ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

PT 600
  cos θ T = = = 0.96       W‫א‬‫א‬
ST 624
 K‫א‬٥٨ J١‫א‬KθT = 15.9o ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 ٥٨ J١‫א‬
 

 K-W3‫א‬،-W2،‫א‬،W1‫א‬W‫א‬

 W٢ J٣ J١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J 
٥٩ J١‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ J

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 
 
 ٥٩ J١‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬
 J 
W1‫א‬
V 50 ∠0o 50 ∠0o
  I1 = = = =10 ∠ − 36.9o A        
Z1 4 + j3 5 ∠36.9o
  P1 = R1 I12 = 4 ×10 2 = 400 W          
  Q1 = X L1 I12 = 3×10 2 = 300 VAR         
  S1 = V I1 = 50×10 = 500 VA          
P1 400
  cos θ1 = = = 0.8           
S1 500
 
W2‫א‬
V 50 ∠0o 50 ∠0o
  I2 = = = = 5.3 ∠58o A        
Z 2 5 − j8 9.43 ∠ − 58 o

  P2 = R 2 I 22 = 5× 5.32 =141 W          

  Q 2 = − X C2 I 22 = − 8 × 5.32 = − 225 VAR      
  S 2 = V I 2 = 50 × 5.3 = 265 VA         
P2 140.5
  cos θ 2 = = = 0.53           
S2 265
W3‫א‬
V 50 ∠0o 50 ∠0o
  I3 = = = =12.5 ∠ − 90o A       
Z 3 j10 − j 6 4 ∠90 o

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

  P3 = 0 W             

  Q3 = (X L3 − X C3 ) I32 = (10 − 6) 12.52 = 625 VAR    
  S3 = V I3 = 50×12.5 = 625 VA         
P3
  cos θ 3 = = 0           
S3
 
PT = P1 + P2 + P3 = 400 + 141 = 541 W  J
 QT = Q1 + Q2 + Q3 = 300 – 225 + 625 = 700 VAR 
  ST = PT2 + Q T
2
= (541) 2 + (700) 2 = 885 VA        
P 541
  cos θ T = T = = 0.61          
ST 885
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦ J٣ J١

‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E ‫א‬CCF‫א‬،٦٠ J١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬PCF‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬PC‫א‬ ،٦١ J١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ CC‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬


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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

‫א‬ ‫א‬
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬W٦٠ J١ ‫א‬
 
 
 
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬W٦١ J١ ‫א‬
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ،V=220V‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٣ J٣ J١

 ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،cosθ=0.8،I=3A‫א‬
 KRi=3Ω‫א‬،Rv=2000Ω‫א‬ 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 P = V I cosθ = 220×3×0.8 = 528 W 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
2 2
  Pi = Ri I = 3×3 = 27 W    
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 PT = P + Pi = 528 + 27 = 555 W     
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Pv = V2/ Rv = 2202/2000 = 24.2 W    
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 PT = P + Pv = 528 + 24.2 = 552.2 W    
 
 
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٧  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ٢ –‫א‬  ‫א‬ J

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
 J١ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J٣ J١
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E‫א‬‫א‬F٣ J٢
 
 ٧ J٢ J١‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٢ J٣ J١
 KE‫א‬‫א‬F

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