EME Demonstration Project in Q Strategic Alliance Workshop

EME
Demonstra7on project in Q

Strategic Alliance Workshop
What we need to know & learn

Laszlo Petho, PhD, CPEng, RPEQ
Principal researcher
ARRB Brisbane
05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

1
Background
•  Full depth asphalt thicknesses in excess of 400 mm in QLD
•  There is a need to reduce the thickness of heavy duty
EME Demonstra7on project in Q
asphalt pavements
•  This can be achieved through higher performances; i.e.
higher sDffness or beFer faDgue resistance (or both), while
not compromising ruKng resistance, moisture sensiDvity
and overall pavement performance
•  Enrobés à Module Elevé (EME) – High modulus asphalt can
be a cost effecDve answer
•  EME class 2 (EME2) is not ‘only’ a material – it is a concept
•  EME2 – fully performance based mix design, which is
directly connected to a general mechanisDc procedure
(GMP) for pavement design in France
•  EME2 will be referenced as EME in this presentaDon

2
Pavement model -‐ example
330 mm
Weighted Mean Annual Pavement

Temperature - WMAPT
OG14 40 mm 1 E1 = 800 MPa

r = 92 mm
p = 0.750 MPa
DG14 50 mm 2 E2 = 1650 MPa
80 kN
single axle
dual tyres
3
DG20 365 mm E3 = 2900 MPa
εt
εv

3
FaEgue performance
Asphalt materials behave differently
1000
y = 2465.6x-0.131
R² = 0.8049
ε6=404 µstrain
Strain level (microstrain)
y = 3036.4x-0.163
R² = 0.948
ε6=319 µstrain
100
1.0E+04 1.0E+05 1.0E+06 1.0E+07
Loading cycles
4
05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho 4
Real pavement temperatures
Cullen Ave West, Eagle Farm, QLD
Temperature (°C)
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55
0
50
6:00
100
9:00
12:00
150
15:00
Depth (mm)
200
18:00
21:00
250 6:00
9:00
300 12:00
15:00
350
18:00
14 March 2014 21 February 2014 21:00

400

5
EME projects in Australia
ImplementaEon phase Project
• Exploratory study -‐ preliminary laboratory •  Austroads TT1353

test results. (completed).

L Petho, E Denneman, EME Technology
Transfer to Australia: An ExploraDve Study,
AP-‐T249-‐13
• SelecDon of equivalent Australian test •  Austroads TT1908

methods and tentaDve specificaDon limits.
(in progress).
• Structural pavement design, including trial
•  TMR P9
setup and field validaDon.
(in progress).
• CooperaDon with major asphalt and
bitumen suppliers and AAPA.
6
6
ObjecDves of the works
Austroads & TMR
• Clarify the funcDon of EME in typical
Queensland pavement designs – CONCEPT

• Collect informaDon about the performance

parameters (workability, moisture sensiDvity,
ruKng resistance, sDffness, faDgue resistance)
of EME – MIX DESIGN
• Understand the sDffness of EME at different
temperatures and loading condiDons for QLD
– MIX/PAVEMENT DESIGN
• Develop guidelines for the design of heavily-‐
trafficked pavement structures containing
EME -‐ PAVEMENT DESIGN
7
ObjecEves of the trial
ConstrucDon and producDon
•  ProducDon control and variability

•  Are low in situ air voids achievable?
•  Material response and compacDon curve under Australian compacDon
equipment
•  Different thicknesses/compacDbility
•  Temporary trafficking – is griKng necessary?
•  Amount of tack coat on top of EME
Benchmarking/mix design specificaDon
•  In situ material performance validaDon

•  Input into mix design/benchmarking/development of tentaDve specificaDon
levels
Pavement design
•  In situ pavement performance/pavement design case studies

•  Long term monitoring, development of shim factors for design
•  ValidaDng realisDc design input values (sDffness/faDgue)
•  Pavement instrumentaDon (strain response validaDon/temperature correcDon;
input into many other projects)
8
Pavement instrumentaDon for
validaDng the design an ongoing
performance monitoring
•  Weather staDon funded by AAPA and implemented

by ARRB
•  The financial contribuDon from AAPA towards this
project is greatly appreciated
•  Weather Maestro weather staDon, manufactured
by Environdata, Warwick
•  Air temperature sensor, solar radiaDon sensor,
wind, evaporaDon and six pavement temperature
sensors (20-‐40-‐80-‐160-‐260-‐360 mm depth)
•  Solar power, and remote access via Next G
•  Collects data from strain gauges

9
Volumetric
100 0
5.0
90
properties
air voids
80 41.9
37.4
70
stone
71.8
Proportion (%)
60
50
fine
40 aggregate
41.4
46.4
30
filler
20
10
6.8
11.8
DG20HM mix
7.7 16.4 binder
9.4
4.0
0
weight (m/m) volume (%) volume of mortar (%)
100 0 3.0
90
air voids
80 41.2 36.5
70
66.9 stone
Proportion (%) 60
50
fine
40 40.4 aggregate
45.6
30
11.0 filler
20
6.7
10 7.5 22.1
binder
EME Class2 mix
13.4
5.7
0
weight (m/m) volume (%) volume of mortar (%)

10
30,000
EME2
25,000
GB 1
20,000 GB 2 & 3
Stiffness (MPa)
BBSG
15,000
10,000
5,000
0
-10 -5 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40
Temperature (°C)
Note: GB3 similar to DG20HM

Source: Delorme, J, Roche, C & Wendling, L 2007, LPC bituminous mixtures design guide,
Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussees, Paris, France

11
CalculaEon example – QLD demonstraEon trial
At the Dme of the pavement design the
following assumpDons were made:
•  DG10 1800 MPa

•  DG20HM 2360 MPa

•  EME 5400 MPa
IniDal notes
•  Design is someDmes controlled by subgrade and not

asphalt criteria
•  The gap in sDffness may be slightly smaller between
DG20HM and EME – there is a laboratory program in
progress
•  Design properDes of the thin wearing course will also
be validated
12
CalculaEon example – QLD demonstraEon trial
Pavement thickness according to the Australian method
(using the Shell faEgue equaEon)
Wearing course: 30 mm DG10 asphalt
Subgrade property EME thickness (mm) DG 20 HM thickness (mm)
CBR 5% 110 160

CBR 10% 80 130
CBR 15% 70 110
Pavement thickness according to the French method

Wearing course: 30 mm DG10 asphalt.
Support category EME thickness (mm) GB3 thickness (mm)
PF2 (CBR 5%) 100 150

PF2q (CBR 10%) 80 120
PF3 (CBR 15%) 70 100

13
60.0
50.0
40.0
Temperature (°C)
30.0
20 mm
20.0
40 mm
80 mm
160 mm
10.0
Pavement and air temperatures 260 mm
Cullen Avenue West, Eagle Farm, QLD 360 mm
air temperature
0.0
15/03/2014 0:00 15/03/2014 12:00 16/03/2014 0:00 16/03/2014 12:00 17/03/2014 0:00
Time

Strain response under an empty front end loader

80
Values for
60
demonstraion only
as strain gauges are
Microstrain
40
not interfaced yet
20
0
1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200
-20
-40
Time (ms)

15
FWD test parameters

•  Load: 50 kN on asphalt, 40 kN on granular
base
•  Wheel path/between wheel paths
•  10 metres, staggered
•  FWD test on the asphalt base on 17
February 2014 (morning)
•  Surface temperatures 37.6 – 44.9 °C
•  FWD data is not temperature corrected

16
Air temperatures at the Eme of the trial
36
34
32
Air temperature (°C)
30
28
date of FWD test

26
date of construction
Weather station
operational
24 Jan-14
Feb-14
22
Mar-14
20
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
Source: www.bom.gov.au -‐ loaction 040842 Brisbane Airport (2.1 km away) Days

17
Surface modulus – Eastbound traffic lane
On unbound granular layer (prior to paving)
On asphalt base layer (prior to opening to traffic)
400
EME DG20 HM
average thickness 99 mm average thickness 149 mm
350
EME
average thickness 136 mm

300
Surface modulus (MPa)
250
Granular base, average

200 Granular base, std
Asphalt base, average
Asphalt base, std
150
Increment
100
50
0
Eastbound Eastbound Eastbound
chainage 10-110 m chainage 110-127 m chainage 127-225 m

Surface modulus – Westbound traffic lane
On unbound granular layer (prior to paving)
On asphalt base layer (prior to opening to traffic)
400
EME EME
average thickness 101 mm average thickness 104 mm
350
300
Surface modulus (MPa)
250
Granular base, average

200 Granular base, std
Asphalt base, average
Asphalt base, std
150
Increment
100
50
0
Westbound Westbound
chainage 10-150 m chainage 150-225 m

The way forward
Monitoring the trial secDon at Cullen Ave West,
Eagle Farm
•  Measuring strain responses at known pavement temperatures and loading
– input into design validaDon
•  Ongoing FWD measurement at known pavement temperatures – capturing
seasonal variaDon
•  Monitoring pavement behaviour with different subgrade bearing capacity
•  Back-‐calculaDon of in situ properDes – cross validate with laboratory results
•  Monitor funcDonal performance, i.e. ruKng, IRI and surface texture by
using the network survey vehicle (NSV)
•  Review performance in the light of pavement design and as built properDes
-‐ we know everything about the pavement structure and the materials
(Hopefully) acDve contribuDon to the NSW trial,

Gerringong, Princes Hwy
•  Install strain gauges, pavement temperature sensors and weather staDon –
financial assistance from AAPA
•  Monitor producDon and construcDon during the trial and include outcomes
into the report
•  Ongoing funcDonal and structural performance monitoring under highway
traffic
20
The success of the trial resulted
from the collecDve efforts of
every organisaDon involved
•  Boral Asphalt
•  SAMI Bitumen
•  Brisbane City Council
•  AAPA
•  TMR
•  ARRB project team: Andrew Beecrom, Johnathon
Griffin, Erik Denneman
•  Special thanks to Xavier Guyot, Technical Manager,
COLAS OI-‐AA-‐O for his conDnuous support and help
with mix design and pavement design related issues

21
Summary
•  Technology transfer
•  Including mix design and pavement design

EME
•  Extensive laboratory tesDng

•  Pavement design case studies
ValidaEon •  ProducDon and demonstraDon trials
•  ReducDon in pavement thickness

•  Long term structural performance
Benefit •  BUT careful implementaDon is needed

22

23

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EME

Demonstra7on project in Q

What we need to know & learn

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

Weighted Mean Annual Pavement

OG14 40 mm 1 E1 = 800 MPa

DG14 50 mm 2 E2 = 1650 MPa

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

14 March 2014 21 February 2014 21:00

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

• Exploratory study -­‐ preliminary laboratory • Austroads TT1353

test results. (completed).

• SelecDon of equivalent Australian test • Austroads TT1908

Queensland pavement designs – CONCEPT

• Collect informaDon about the performance

• ProducDon control and variability

Benchmarking/mix design speciﬁcaDon

• In situ material performance validaDon

• In situ pavement performance/pavement design case studies

• Weather staDon funded by AAPA and implemented

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

Note: GB3 similar to DG20HM

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

• DG10 1800 MPa

• DG20HM 2360 MPa

• Design is someDmes controlled by subgrade and not

Subgrade property EME thickness (mm) DG 20 HM thickness (mm)

CBR 5% 110 160

Pavement thickness according to the French method

Support category EME thickness (mm) GB3 thickness (mm)

PF2 (CBR 5%) 100 150

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho 14

Strain response under an empty front end loader

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

FWD test parameters

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

date of FWD test

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

average thickness 136 mm

Granular base, average

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho 18

Granular base, average

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho 19

(Hopefully) acDve contribuDon to the NSW trial,

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

• Including mix design and pavement design

• Extensive laboratory tesDng

• ReducDon in pavement thickness

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -­‐ Petho

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05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

• Exploratory study -‐ preliminary laboratory •  Austroads TT1353

• SelecDon of equivalent Australian test •  Austroads TT1908

• Collect informaDon about the performance

•  ProducDon control and variability

•  In situ material performance validaDon

•  In situ pavement performance/pavement design case studies

•  Weather staDon funded by AAPA and implemented

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

•  DG10 1800 MPa

•  DG20HM 2360 MPa

•  Design is someDmes controlled by subgrade and not

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho 14

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho 18

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho 19

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

•  Including mix design and pavement design

•  Extensive laboratory tesDng

•  ReducDon in pavement thickness

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho

05 What we need to know & learn -‐ Petho