Hormones homeostasis and reproduction

Reproduction:
involving the fusion of male and female gametes to form a zygote.
In the fallopian tube
When the male nucleus fuses with the female nucleus of the ovum

Gonads- cells that produce gamete

Gene determines the gender

Sry (sex determining region y) codes for a protein called testis determining factor that
triggers the development of the testis
The embryonic gonad will not become a testic

If this y choromosome isn’t present itll take the path of becoming a ovary- female

Testosterone:
Development of secondary characteristics:
Growth of larynx- voice deepends

Oesrogen/ progesterone (present during pregancny- secreated in mothers ovary and then
placenta):
Development of breasts

Hormones from brain

Seminal vesicle adds 70% fluid- with fructose which is the subrate that proves energy to
sperm cells that help it swim to the ovum
Prostate glads adds 30%- alkaline so semen volume is added there
Pituitary gland is below the hypo- consists of two parts- anterior and posterior pituitary
lobes
Hypo -It releases hormones from neurosecretory cells into the vein between the hypo and
anterior lobe

Ovary
Follicles are inherited
- Follicles develop at puberty- by FSH
- There is only one proper mature follicle – called an oocyte (meosis is taking place)

- Meosis 1 starts in foetal stage

Most mature follicle. Ruptures and releases the egg (oocyte)
Other follicles degenerate

- When meosis 1 ends- it gives rise to first polar body and secondary oocyte

Ovary releases oestrogen

Uterus
Lining will be repared- one menstrual cycle is over, the next starts
Oestrogen (target organ is uterus)

Milligram microgram nanogram picogram

Oestrogen helps the build up of endometrium

Progesterone helps in the maintainance of endometrium

Hypothalamus secretes Gnrh