PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY WITH TAXONOMY (LAB)

FINALS EXAM COVERAGE and REVIEWER

Prepared by: Shadrach Emnas, RPh

Scientific Names
Ipil-ipil - Leucaena leucocephala
Ilang-ilang/ylang ylang - Cananga odorata
Sabila (aloe vera) - Aloe barbadensis
Santan - Ixora coccinea
Sampaguita (jasmine) - Jasminum sambac
Kamote (sweet potato) - Ipomoea batatas
(several scientific names of plants encountered on Prelim and Midterm will be included in the exam)

Leaf parts
Margin - edge of the leaf lamina lying between the apex and the base
Veins - provides support for the leaf and transports both water and food
Midrib - keeps the leaf in upright position and protected from the wind
Sinus - indentation between two lobes
Lobe - rounded portion of a leaf margin

Flower parts
Petals - modified leaves that surround the reproductive parts of flowers
Sepals - protection for the flower in bud, and often as support for the petals when in bloom
Receptacle (or torus) - thickened part of a stem from which the flower organs grow
Filament - a stalk-like structure that attaches to the base of the flower nd supports the anther
Anther - oval-shaped structure at the end of stamen
Stamen - pollen-producing organ of a flower
Stigma - receptive tip of a carpel, or of several fuse carpels

Fruit
A fruit is the mature ovary of a plant. All produce that contains seeds is botanically classified as
fruit.

Vegetable
A vegetable is a plant’s edible stem, root, tuber, leaf or flower

Simple fruits
Fruits that develop from a single ovary of one flower
Examples: apples, pears, tomatoes, peaches, cherries

Aggregate fruit or etaerio

Fruit that develops from the merger of several ovaries that were separate in a single flower
Examples: raspberries, blackberries, strawberries

Multiple fruits, also called collective fruits

Fruiting bodies formed from a cluster of fruiting flowers
Examples: fig, pineapple, mulberry, breadfruit

Accessory fruit
Fruit in which some of the flesh is derived not from the ovary but from some adjacent tissue
exterior to the carpel
Examples: receptacle of the strawberry, pineapple, common fig