1

fuikrkFkZleh{k.ke~
M‚0 v'k¨ddqekjfeJ%
,l0Mh0 vkn'kZ laLÑr dkY¨t
vEckYkk ¼gfj;k.kk½
8318710058

^^ÁLrqr 'k¨/kd¨ Ákn;¨ |¨rdk% pkn;Lrq okpdk%** bfr U;k;'kkó¨äa

ere;qäfefr Áfrikn;u~ fuikrkuka |¨rdRoeso vusdkfÒ% ;qfäfÒ% Áfrikfnre~
fo|rsA
uS;kf;dk% fuikrfo"k;s oS"kE;a Áfrikn;fUr rFkkfg& Ákn;% |¨rdk% ÒofUr]
pkn;% okpdk'p ÒofUr] |¨rdRoéke&LolefÒO;kârinfu"Bko`fÙk&mn~c¨/kdRoe~
fdUrq ,rfLeu~ oS"kE;s fdefi chta uk Lrhfr] rLekr~ chtkÒkokr~ fuikrkuka
|¨rdRoeso] rf)&
|¨rdk% Ákn;¨ ;su fuikrk'pkn;LrFkkA
mikL;srs gfjgj© Ykdkj¨ n`';rs ;FkkAA42AA
vFkkZr~ ;su gsrquk Ákn;¨ |¨rdk% rF©o rsu gsrquk fuikrk% |¨rdk% ÒofUr]
,rL;sna rkRi;± ;r~ bZ'ojeuqÒofr bR;kfn"kq ;Fkk vuqÒo:i¨·FkZ% /kkRoFkZ% ukfLr]
lfr /kkRoF¨Z ?kV¨ Òofr bR;«kkfi Árhfr% L;kr~ ,o¥~p l vuqÒo:i¨·FkZ%
milxZL;kfu ukfLrrh psV milxZL;kFkZ% LohfØ;rs rnk ÁÑR;FkZRokr~
vk[;krkFkkZuUo;kiUrs% ÁR;;kuka ÁÑR;kFkkZfUor LokFkZc¨/kdRoR;qRiÙ¨% vuqxPNfr
bR;«k vuqÒokfnÁR;kiÙ¨'pA ÁÑrs vk'k³~dk mnsfr ;r~ milxsZ.k vuqÒokfnc¨/¨
rÙk)kr¨% lefÒO;kgkjL; dkj.krk LohfØ;rs bfr okP;e~] ré lÙkkn© 'käRosu
Áfl)L; /kkr¨% ,o vuqÒokFkZdRoeqilxZL; |¨rdRofeR;L;kfi oäqa 'kD;Rokr~A
vFk p lkEÁre~ r`rh;¨ iUFkk% vorjfr ^u p fof'k"VkFkZ% x©jokr~ vFkkZr~
vuqÒokfn:i¨·FkZ% u /kkr¨% u i¨ilxZL; vfirq leqnk;kFkÊ Òofr] fdUrq erfena
x©joxzLre~A rFkkfg fof'k"Vs 'kfäohdkjs fof'k'Vkkuqiow Ê 'kärkorh ÒofrA ,o¥~p
fof'k"VkkuqiwO;kZ% 'kärkoPNsndRos fofuxeukfojgkr~ vO;ofgr¨ÙkjRolEcU/¨u
 2

vuqfof'k"VkÒw'kCnL; vO;ofgriwoZRolEcU/¨u Òw'kCnfof'k"VL;ku¨okZ okpdrk;k%

dYius x©jokfnR;FkZ%A rFkk fof'k"VkFkZLohdkjs rL; ÁÑfrRokÒkosu
ÁR;;kFkkZUo;kukifÙkjfi n¨"k¨ c¨/;%A rFkk p /kkr¨% milxZL; fof'k"VL; p
okpdrLohdkjs ^^/kkr¨jso fo|ekuRokfnokpdL;kLrq Yk{k.kk] milxZLrkRi;Zxzkgd
bR;LrqA rFkk p rkRi;~;Zxzkgd Roeso |¨rdRofefr fo|ekuRokfnuk br;«k
vkfninsu ;kxkr~ Lox¨Z Òofr bR;kfn"kq mRiÙ¨% laxzg%A vFkkZr~ /kkrq% fo|ekukph
vr% 'kD;lEcU/k:ikfRedk Yk{k.kk ÁorZrs] Ákn;% dL;fpr~ vFkZL; c¨/kdk% u
ÒofUr vr% rs"kka fo"k;s 'kD;lEcU/k:ik u laÒofrA iqu% Á'u% tkxfrZ ;r~
^^rPp pkfn"ofi rqY;e~A ^pS«kfeo i';fr* bR;kn© lkn`';fof'k"Vka
pS«kinYk{;e~ bo'kCn% rkRi;~;Zxzkgd bR;L; lqopRokfnfrA r«k Lo;a
;qDR;Urjekg& ^mikL;srs gfjgj©* bfr& v«k fg mikluk fdeqilxkZFkZ% fof'k"VL;]
/kkrqek«kL; ok**AA ¼367½ vFkkZr~ milxkZuka rkRi;ZxzkgdRofu'p;s·fi |¨rdrk rq
uSo fl)Ófr] r«k Lo;a lekn/kfr d©.MÒÍ% ;r~ rFkk v³~xhdkjs
LokFkZQYkO;f/kdj.kO;kikjokpdRo:ildeZdRokl~ /kkr¨% mikluk:iQYkokpdRok&
ÒkoknukiÙ¨Lrr% deZf.k Ykdkj¨ u L;kr~A u f}rh;¨ x©jokr~A r`rh;s Rokxra
|¨rdRoe~ rkRi;ZxzkgdRo YkkÒkr~ bfrÒko%A n`';rs bR;«k deZrf.k bfr '¨"k%AA
¼368½
rkn`'ka |¨rdRoa rq pkfn"qk vfi rF©o orZrs]
rFkk pkg&
rFkkU;«k fuikrs·fi Ykdkj% deZokpd%A
fo'¨"k.kk|;¨x¨·fi ÁkfnoPpkfnds le%AA43AA
dkfjdk;ke~ vU;«k insu ^pkfn:is fuikrs lefÒO;kârs* bfr xzkáe~ vFkkZr~
pkfnfuikrkukefi |¨rdRoesok³~xhdrZO;fefrA
r|Fkk& ^lk{kkfRØ;rs*] ^vYk³~fØ;rs*] ^ÅjhfØ;rs f'ko% bR;kfn"kq loZ«kkfi
/kkr¨% rÙknF¨Z vFkkZr~ lk{kkRk~fuikriwoZd Ñ/kkr¨% ÁR;{kfu"BkÁ;¨tdrk&
fu:fir&Á;¨T;rkor~ & fo"k;rk'kkfYkbfUæ;lféd"kkZuqdwYkO;kikjfu:firkF¨Z] vFk
 3

p ^vYkf³~Ø;rs bR;«k vYkEiwoZd&Ñ/kkr¨% 'k¨ÒkuqdwYkO;kikj fo'¨"kfu:firs vF¨Z

,o¥~p ÅjhiwoZdÑ/kkr¨% LohÑR;vuqdwYkO;kikjfu:firs vF¨Z deZf.k Ykdkjfl)ÓFkZ%
rL; vFkZL; okpdRoe~ vo';eH;qis;e~] ,rs"kka |¨rdRoe~A fd¥~p ;fn
Ákfn&fuikrkuka okpdRoa LohdqeZ'psr~ ^Òw;ku~ Ád"kZ% dhn`'k¨ fu'p;%* bfror~
^Òw;ku~ Á* dhn`'k¨ fu% bR;kfnÁ;¨xk% L;q%A rLekr~ |¨rdRoesoA |¨rdRoLohdkjs
rq Ákns% fujFkZdRokr~ rs"kkeUo;¨ ,o u tk;rsA
bnkuhe~ Áknhuka |¨rdRolk/kuk; vijefi i{ka ÁLr©fr&
fo'¨"k.kk|;¨x¨·fi ÁkfnoPpkfn ds le%A
vFkkZr~ Áknhuka okpdRoLohdkjs ^'k¨Òu% leqPp;¨ æ"VO;%A bfror~ 'k¨Òu'p
æ"VO;% bfr Á;¨xL;kifÙk% vkxrkA rLekr~ |¨rdRoeso¨fpre~A vFk fuikrkuka
okpdRos ÁkfrifndkFkZ;¨% "k"BÓkfnda fouk ÒsnsukUo;klEÒo% orZrs vFkkZr~
^vÒsnkfrfjälEcU/kkofPNéÁkfrifndkFkZfu"BÁdkjrkfu:fir fo'¨";rklEcU/¨u
'kkCnc¨/ka Áfr fo'¨";rklEcU/¨u foÒfätU;¨ifLFkfr% dkj.ke~* bfr dk;Zdkj.k&
ÒkoL; vko';dr;k /o'p [kfnj'p bR;«k rnÒkosu /kokns'pkFkZleqPp;s&
·Uo;klEÒo%A psnqP;rs] ÁkfrifndkFkZ;¨% ÒsnkUo;c¨/¨ fo:)foÒfätU;¨ifLFkfr%
gsrqfjfr dk;Zdkj.kÒko¨ fuikrkfrfjäfo"k; ,osfr u¨än¨"k bR;k'k³~d;kg&
inkFkZ% ln`'kkUosfr foÒkxsu dnkfi uA
fuikrsrjlad¨ps Áek.ka fda foÒko;AA44AA
dkfjdk;ka rq ln`'kkinsu ln`'¨usfr c¨/;e~] u rq okpk] fu'kk
bR;kfnonkcUre~A lekukf/kdj.¨usfr ;kor~ vFkkZr~ Lookpd'kCnlekukf/kdj.k&
'kCnokP;susR;FkZ%A vFkok Lofu"BinkFkZrkoPNsndlekukf/kdj.kinkFkZrkoPNsn&
dkf/kdj.¨u] rknkRE; lEcU/¨u lEcfU/kukokA vÒsnsusfr'¨"k%A foÒkxsu ¾ vln`'¨u
vleukf/kdj.¨usfr ;kor~ vFkkZr~ Lofu"BinkFkZrkoPNsndlekukf/kdj.kkR;Urk&
ÒkoÁfr;¨fxinkFkZrkoPNsndkf/kdj.¨u dnkfpnfi vUo;¨ u lEÒofrA ,rL;sna
rkRi;± ;r~ vÒsnlEcU/¨u ÁkfrifndkFkZ Ádkjd c¨/ka Áfr
fo#)foÒfä&vuo:)Ákfrifnd&/kkRoU;rjtU;¨ifLFkrs% gsrqrk vo';a okP;kA
 4

,rLekr~ dkj.kknso ^jkK% iq#"k%*& bR;kfn"kq vÒsnkUo;c¨/k¨ uA v«k iqu% Á'u%

tkxfrZ ;r~ ^^ukekFkZ;¨% vÒsnkUo;%* bfr fu;es fuikrkfrfjäRofo'¨"k.knkusu
n¨"kkÒko bfr okP;e~ ré] ekukÒko%] psnqP;rs dhn`'k¨ fu%* bR;kfnÁ;¨xkifÙkjso
ekue~] vr vkg x©jo¥~psfrA vLeé;s rq fuikrkuka |¨rdRokno; ,o ukLrhfr
uk;a n¨"k%A ,rr~ Lohdkjknso ^?kV¨ ukfLr* bR;kn© ?kVina rRÁfr;¨fxds
Ykk{kf.kdfefr uS;kf;dk%A
,o¥~p fuikrkuka okpdRoa LohdqeZ'psr~ dkO;kfnxzUF¨"ofi vUo;¨u L;kr~]
rf)&
'kjS:ó©fjo¨nhP;kuq)fj";u~ jlkfuoA
bR;knkoUo;¨ u L;kr~ lqik¥~p Jo.ka rr%AA45AA
v«k mlzS% ¾ fdj.©%] v«k ¾ mnXns'kh;jkt¨)j.kfØ;k;ke~A mlzln`'k©% 'kjS
jlln`'kkuqnhP;kuq)fj";féR;FkZ%A Øe¨·;a rnk ,o laxPNrs ;nk mlzkfn'kCnkuka
rRln`'kijRos bo 'kCnL; |¨rdRoa LohdqeZ%A vU;Fkk ln`'¨ Yk{k.kk;k vLohdkjs
ÁÑR;FkkZfUorLokFkZc¨/kdRoO;qRiÙ¨% foj¨/k% L;kr~A rLekr~ |¨rdRoeso fl)kfUrre~A
iquj«k Á'u¨ tkxfrZ ;r~ |¨rdRookfners ^vczkã.k% bR;kfn"kq LFkY¨"kq
rRiq#"kleklYk{k.kL; ¼mÙkjinkFkZÁ/kku¨ rRiq#"k%½ vO;kIR;kifÙk%] ;r¨fg iwoZinL;
|¨rdRokr~ vuFkZdRosu mÙkjinkFkZL; Ák/kkU;kÒko%A fd¥~p vFkZoÙokÒkokr~
ÁkfrifndlaKk rr¨ foÒfä'p u tk;rs] bfr vk'k³~dpkg d©.MÒÍ%&
u¥~lekls pkijL; |¨R;a ÁR;so eq[;rkA
|¨R;esokFkZeknk; tk;Urs uker% lqi%AA46AA
vFkkZr~ u¥~leklkfnLFkY¨"kq ;¨ÙkjinkFkZÁk/kkU;a lk |¨R;FkZeknk;SoA vL;sna
rkRi;± ;r~ ^^brjinkFkZfu"BÁdkjrkfu:fir fo'¨";rk'kkfYkc¨/ktudRoeqÙkj&
inkFkZÁ/kkuRoe~A** r«¨jrinkFkZinsu okP;&Yk{;&|¨R;kRed% f«kÁdkjd¨·fi vFkZ%
xzghr¨ ÒofrA vr% |¨R;eFkZeknk;S ÁkfrifndlaKk Lokfn&mRifÙk'p tk;rsA
vFkkZr~ |¨rdrk rq O;¥~tuk:iSo o`Ù;k·FkZfo"k;dc¨/ktudRo:ikFkZoÙoL;
|¨rds·fi lÙokr~ ÁkfrifndRoe{krfefrA rq";rq nqtZuU;k;su Lohdkjs·fi lek/kkua
 5

onfr xzUFkdkj% ^^oLrqr% vO;;knkIlqi%** bfr Kkidkr~ lqcqRifÙk%A** vFkkZr~ rs"kka

fujFkZdRokr~ ÁkfrifndlaKk;k% vÒkos Lokn;% u¨Ri|sju~] vr% uqfXo/kkua O;Fk± lr~
Ki;fr lqcqRifÙke~A vFkok ^^fuikrL;kuFkZdL;** bfr okf«kdsu ÁkfrifndlaKk
fo/kh;rsA ÑÙkf)rleklk'p bR;«kkuqäleqPp;kFkZpdkjs.k fuikrkuka lazg¨ c¨/;¨
ÒofrA vr% |¨rdRoa fuikrkuka lqrjka fl)esoA ,rs"kka |¨rdRodYis
ehekaldlEefrefi Áfrikfn;fr&
prqfoZ/¨ ins pk«k f}fo/kL;kFkZfu.kZ;%A
fØ;rs la'k;¨RiÙ¨u¨ZilxZfuikr;¨%AA
r;¨jFkkZfÒ/kkus fg O;kikj¨ uSo fo|rsA
;nFkZ|¨rd© r© rq okpd% lfopk;~;ZrsAA
milxsZ.k /kkRoFk¨Z cYkknU;% Árh;rsA
Ágkjkgkjlagkjfogkjifjgkjor~ AA
vr«k vfUrdkfjdk;ke~ milxZina fuikr¨iYk{k.ke~A rF©o dkfjdk;ka /kkRoFkZ%
bR;«k¨ikÙka /kkrqine~ inkUrjL; c¨/kda ÒofrA v«k vUo;O;frjsdkH;ke~ fuikrkuka
okpdRoa lk/kf;rqa u 'kDuqe%] ;r¨ fg rs"kq c¨/kdrk:i'käs% vÒko¨ fo|rsA oS
vUo;O;frjsd© rq rkRi;ZxzkgdRosukfi miié© Òor%A fd¥~p¨äiFkk ^ipfr*
bR;kfn"kq /kkr¨jso dr`Zfof'k"VÒkouk;ka Yk{k.kk·Lrq rkRi;ZxzkgdRoek«ka fr³kns%
L;kfnR;:ps% i{kkUrjekg&
fuikrkuka okpdRoeUo;O;frjsd;¨A
;qäa ok u rq r|qäa ijs"kka ereso u%AA47AA
bRFka /kkoFkZL; ÁkfrifndkFkZL; feFk% Òsnsu vUo;c¨/k¨ u O;qRié%] bfr
fuikrkfrfjäfo"k;%A lekukf/kdj.kÁkfrifndkFkZ;¨% vÒsnsu vUo;% v;efi vxR;k
dYiuh;e~A dkfjdk;k% f}rh;suka'¨u ^^u rq--------A vFkkZr~ U;k;'kkó¨äa Ákfnpk|¨%
oS"kE;a u ;qäa ÒofrA
 6

;Ùkqokfnu% onfUr ;r~ psr~ losZ fuikrk% okpdk% rfg vFkZoRlw«¨.©o

ÁkfrifndlaKkfl)k] iqu% fuikrL;kuFkZdL; bfr fo/¨% oS;F;ZekxrfefrA fd¥~p
psr~ losZ |¨rdk% rfgZ ^^pkuFkZdL;** bR;L; oS;F;± lekirfrA
rLekr~ dspu okpdk% dspu |¨rdk% bfrr Lohdj.kh;e~ psé ^pkn;¨
|¨rdk% Ákn;¨ okpdk%* bfr oSijhR;ko/kkj.kkr~ bR;kfncgqfo/kjhR;k lokZf.k erkfu
fofoP; milagju~ fuxnfr d©.MÒÍ%&
fuikrRoa ijs"kka ;ÙknLekdfefr fLFkfr%A
O;kidRokPNärk;kLRooPNsndfe";rs AA48AA
ijs.ka ¾ vU;s"kka oS;kdj.kkfnuke~ fuikrRoa rq fYk³~xla[;k·ufpRos lfr
pkfnx.kifBrRoe~] ¼lhnr% fr"Br% fYk³~xl[;s ;fLeu~ rr~ lÙoe~] rr~ fÒée~
vlRofefr½ ,o¥~p ^vlÙospkn;¨ fuikrlaKdk%** bR;F¨Z loZFkk vuFkZds"kq pkfn"kq
fuikrlaKkukifÙk% vr¨ vkg 'kfälEcU/¨u fuikroRo¥~p U;k;u;s bZ'ojsPNk 'kfä%]
O;kdj.ku;s rq c¨/kdrk] rnoPNsnd¨·[k.M¨ /keZfo'¨"k¨ ok 'kfä%A ,oa Lohdkjs
vkuUR;kifÙk% L;kr~ vr% tkfrokZ bR;qäe~] fdUrq tkfrRofl)© rq nhf/kfrfoj¨/k%
vr% mikf/kokZ·R;qäe~A mikf/kRo¥~p& ^^fuR;Ros lfr vusdlEc)Roe~** ijUrq
lkekU;/kesZ Áek.kkuka i{kikrkr~ 'kärk |¨rdrk ok rnoPNsnsuSo dYI;k bfr
U;k;'kkó¨äa ere;qäa orZrsA
fuikrk% |¨rdk% dsfpr~ i`FkxFkkZfÒ/kkf;u%A
vkxek bo ds·fi L;q% lEÒw;kFkZL; okpdk%AA

bfr 'ke~AA