Cronasia Foundation College, Inc.

Andres-Dizon Building, Pioneer Avenue,

General Santos City 9500

Management Information System

Module
Instructor: zydith p. sumande
Cronasia Foundation College, Inc.
Andres-Dizon Building, Pioneer Avenue,
General Santos City 9500

Course Learning Outcomes

General:

This is a management course. Organizations use and are influenced by

information technologies. Information and the technologies that facilitate its
acquisition, storage, processing, analysis, and use are valuable corporate
resources. A manager’s job is to learn to use technology to enhance
productivity and effectiveness in the workplace. Workers and managers alike
find both work and technology more rewarding when they understand how
technology supports everyday task performance. This course is designed to
inform potential managers and knowledge workers in all functional areas about
issues, benefits, and problems related to the use and management of
information systems in business.

Specific:

Students will gain an understanding of the fundamentals of information

management and the impact of information technology (IT) on business. In
particular, the student will learn what information is and what modern
managers need to understand about the organization, their employees and
technology to best manage information for operational, tactical and strategic
benefits.

1. Understand fundamentals of information management.

2. Understand the significance of business intelligence.
3. Understand how and why information technologies can be used to
achieve operational, tactical and strategic goals.
4. Understand basic functions of hardware and software systems and how
they work together.
5. Understand database systems: how they functions how they are used
and why they are used.
6. Understand that knowledge is an organizational resource and how
information systems can be used to manage and leverage a firm’s
knowledge resources.
7. Understand the impact of computing systems on people and the
organization including privacy and ethical concerns.
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Andres-Dizon Building, Pioneer Avenue,
General Santos City 9500

The information Age in which you live

Changing the face of Business

Module 1
Learning Outcomes:

1. Understand the management and information systems (MIS) and its resources.
People, Information and Information technology
2. Identify the basic functions of hardware and software and
3. Understand the impact of cell phone in the industry and our daily life.
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Andres-Dizon Building, Pioneer Avenue,
General Santos City 9500

Outrageous industry transformation:

Cell phones doom phone revenues for hotels

Think about the title of this case. This is about the outrageous, yes literally
outrageous, transformations that are being caused by information technology.
Newspaper subscriptions are declining rapidly, as I revenue for print
advertising in magazines; people are building homes without land-based phone
lines; movie rentals largely happen online, not at a local video store. The
impact of technology is definitely profound and it is transforming entire
industries.

Consider hotels. They rely on a number of sources of revenue to make a profit.

These source include room rentals, restaurant food charges, the use of banquet
and conference facilities, parking lot fees and charges for the use of in-room
telephones. But the latter is quickly going away. With the proliferation of
personal cell phones, fewer and fewer hotel guests are picking up the in-room
hotel phone to make local long distance calls.

In 2000, a typical hotel received $1,274 annually per available room for in-
room phone charges. So for a hotel with 500 rooms, it could budget
approximately $637,000 annually in phone revenue. Not anymore in 2009 ,
that annual revenue per room for phone charges had dropped to $ 178. That’s
a decline of almost 86%. For a hotel with a500 rooms ,$637,000 in revenue
had dropped to $89,000 in a hurry.

This truly demonstrates the outrageous corrective and transformative nature of

technology. And it’s happening in most every industry-travel, newspapers and
magazines, music, movies, the local news, education, financial services. The
list goes on and on.

As a future business leader, you don’t need to focus on how cell phones work.
Rather you need to focus on how and why people use cell phones. The same is
true for all the new technologies. You don’t really need to “pop the hood” and
learn about the engine of technology. Rather, you need to focus on the personal
business used of technology. That’s the knowledge you need to effectively build
business strategy that incorporates technology. Welcome to the wonderful and
outrageous world of technology.

Exercise 1.1
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Questions

1. When was the last time you used a payphone?

- I have not used a telephone yet.
2. If you needed to use a pay phone, would you know immediately where
one was located?
- It was located at Pioneer Ave.
3. When was the last time you used your cell phone? How often have you
used your cell phone?
- I use my cell phone every minute,because it gives me updates on school
announcements and to my work everyday.It helps me to monitor and
remind me of my everyday duty and helps me to manage time.
4. Can you name and elaborate 5 Activities you do with your cell phone?
- send or receive text messages,access the internet,send or received
emails,download apps, get directions
5. Can you name top 5 mobile applications you used to access your mobile
phones?
- Facebook,Messenger,Snapchat,Pinterest,Tiktok
6. What is the importance of your cell phone during this period?
- It helps me to get information that is very useful especially during this
pandemic ,and online classes,it gives me updates to schools
announcements,work from home,and makes us do our job efficiently
through the use of cellphones.
7. Why cell phone drives change in the face of the business can you site an
example?

- It gives more accessible materials or through apps that can be used in

selling their products using the cellphone.

Management Information System (MIS)

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It deals with the planning for, development, management and use of information
technology tools, to help people perform all tasks related to information processing and
management.

MIS deals with the coordination and use of three very important organizational resources –
information, people and information technology. Stated another (and perhaps more simple
way), people use information technology to work with information.

While we explore numerous aspects of many different technologies like databases and artificial
intelligence, our real focus is on how people can use those technologies to work with and
massage informatio0n to help an organization achieve its goals. So, there’s a real synergy
among the three resources of MIS, that is, the people, the information and the information
technology.

The synergy among the Three Resources of MIS:

Information

People

The synergy:

Technology How can people use information-based

technology tools to:
Achieve a competitive
advantage
Do things cheaper and
faster
Increase revenue

MIS RESOURCE NO. 1: INFORMATION

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While we called it the digital age, we are also in the information age, and what that means is
knowledge is power. And information can take on many forms depending on the context in
which it is used.

● Data are raw facts that describe a particular phenomenon such as the current
temperature, the price of a movie rental, or your age. (Actually, the term data is plural,
datum is singular).
● Information is data that have a particular meaning within a specific context. The
current temperature becomes information if you’re deciding what to wear; in deciding
what to wear, the data describing the price of a movie rental are not pertinent
information (and therefore , only data in that context).

Business Intelligence (BI)

It is a collective information about your costumers, your competitors, your business
partners, your competitive environment, and your internal operations—that gives you the
ability to make effective, important and often strategic decisions.

DEFINING INFORMATION QUALITY

● Timeliness . There are two aspects here. Do you have access to information when you
need it? If you’re preparing to make a stock trade, for example, you need access to the
price of the stock right now. Second, does the information describe the time period or
periods you’re considering? A snapshot of sales today may be what is relevant. Or for
some important decisions, you really need other information as well --sales yesterday,
sales for the week, today’s sales compared to the same day last week, today’s sales
compared to the same day last week, today’s sales compared to the same last year and
so on.
● Location. Information is of no values to you if you can’t access it. Ideally, your location
or the information’s location should not matter. IT can definitely create information
quality here with technologies that support telecommuting, workplace virtualization,
mobile e-commerce, and so on, so you can access year information at or from any
location.
● Form. There are two aspects here also. Is the information in a form that is most useful to
or usable by you—audio, text, video, animation, graphical or other? Depending on the
situation, the quality of information is defined by its form and of information as you
would a physical product. If you have a defective product, it lacks quality in that you
cannot use it. Information is the same. This is the concept of garbage-in garbage-out

(GIGO). If the information coming into your decision making process is in bad form,
(i.e.., garbage-in), you’ll more than likely make a poor decision(i.e.., garbage out).
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● Validity. Closely related to the second aspect of form above. Validity addresses the
credibility of information. Information is all over the Internet, but does it come from a
credible source? Much of the information on the Internet has not gone through any sort
of quality control or verification process before being published, so you have to
question its validity.

CONSIDERING INFORMATION FROM AN ORGANIZATIONAL PERSPECTIVE:

1. Upward. Upward information flows describe the current state of the organization based on
its daily transactions. When a sale occurs, for example, that information originates at the lowest
level of the organization and is passed upward through the various levels. Along the way, the
information takes on a finer of granularity. Information granularity refers to the extent of detail
within the information. At a lower organizational levels, information exhibits fine granularity
because people need to work with information in great detail. At the upper organizational
levels, information becomes coarser because it is summarized or aggregated in some way. That
is, strategic managers need sales by year, for example , as opposed to knowing the detail of
every single transaction.

2. Downward. Strategies, goals, and directives that originate at a higher level are passed to
lower levels in downward information flows. The upper level of an organization develops
strategies; the middle levels of an organization convert those strategies into tactics; and the lower
levels of an organization deal with the operational details.

3. Horizontal. Information flows horizontally between functional business units and work
teams. The goal here is to eliminate the old dilemma of “the right hand not knowing what the
left hand is doing.” All units of your organization need to inform other units of their processes
and be informed by the other units regarding their processes. In general, everyone in a
company needs to know everything relevant in a business sense, (personal, sensitive data not
included).

4. Outward/Inward. Information is communicated from and to customers, suppliers,

distributors and other partners for the purpose of doing business. These flows of information
are really what electronic commerce is all about. Today, no organization is an island, and
outward/inward flows can yield a competitive advantage.

Another organizational perspective on information regards what information describes.

Information is internal or external, subjective or objective and various combination of these.
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● Internal information describes specific operational aspects of an organization.

● External information describes the environment surrounding the organization.
● Objective information quantifiably describes something that is known.
● Subjective information attempts to describe something that is unknown.

MIS RESOURCE NO.2: PEOPLE

TECHNOLOGY LITERACY

A technology-literate knowledge worker knows how to apply technology. The “how” aspect
includes knowing which technology to purchase, how to exploit the many benefits of the
application software, and what technology infrastructure is required to bet business connected
to each other, just to name a few.

A technology literate knowledge worker also knows “when” to apply technology.

Unfortunately, in many cases, people and organizations blindly decide to use technology in a
desperate effort to solve a business problem. What you need to understand is that technology is
not a panacea. You can’t simply apply technology to a given process and expect that process
instantly to become more efficient and effective. Look at it this way—if you apply technology to
a process that doesn’t work correctly, then you’ll only be doing things wrong million of times
faster. There are cases when technology is not the solution. Being a technology-literate
knowledge worker will help you determine when and when to not apply technology.

INFORMATION LITERACY

An information-literate knowledge worker:

● Can define what information is needed.

● Knows how and when to obtain information.
● Understand the information once it is received (i.e.., can transform the information into
business intelligence).
● Can act appropriately based on the information to help organization achieve the
greatest advantage.

As a good rule of thumb, when you receive information and need to make a decision based
on it, ask yourself questions that start with who, what, when, why, where and how. Answers to
those questions will help you create business intelligence and make better decisions.

YOUR ETHICAL RESPONSIBILITIES

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Your role as a technology-literate and information-literate knowledge worker extend far

beyond using technology and business intelligence to gain a competitive advantage in the
marketplace for your organization. You must also consider your social responsibilities.

ETHICS are the principles and standards that guide our behavior toward other people. Your
ethics gave consequences for you just as laws do. But ethics are different from laws. Laws either
clearly require or prohibit an action while ethics are more subjective, more a matter of personal
or cultural interpretation.

Being socially and ethically responsible in the information age involves not only the
actions you initiate yourself but also what you do to protect yourself and your organization
against the actions of others—that is protecting yourself and your organization against cyber
crimes. There are many types of cyber crimes-- such as promulgating viruses or worms,
committing identity theft, and engaging in Web defacing—performed by a variety of hackers
such as black-hat hackers and cyber-terrorists, and it is your responsibility to guard against
them.

MIS RESOURCE NO.3: INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Information Technology, any computer based tool that use to work with information and
support the information and information-processing of an organization. IT includes a cell phone
or tablet PC that you use to obtain stock quotes, your home computer that you use to write term
papers, large networks that businesses use to connect to one another, and the Internet that
almost one in every six people in the world currently use.

KEY TECHNOLOGY CATEGORIES

Hardware is the physical devices that make up a computer.

Software is the set of instructions that your hardware executes to carry out a specific task for
you.

So, your BlackBerry phone is the actual hardware; and it contains software that you use in
maintaining your calendar, update your address book, check your e-mail, watch videos, obtain
stock market quotes and so on.

Six basic technology categories:

1. Input device is a tool you use to enter information and commands.

2. Output device is a tool you use to see, hear or otherwise recognize the results of your
information-processing requests.
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3. Storage device is a tool you use to store information for use at a later time.

4. Central Processing unit (CPU) is the hardware that interprets and executes the system and
application software instructions and coordinates the operation of all the hardware.

5. Telecommunication Device is a tool use to send information to and receive it from another
person or computer in a network

6. Connecting device include such things as a USB port into which you would connect a printer,
connector cables to connect your printer to the USB port, and internal connecting devices on the
motherboard.

Two types of Software:

Application Software is the software that enables you to solve specific problems and perform
specific tasks. Ex. Microsoft Word, payroll software, collaborative software and inventory
management software.

System software handles tasks specific to technology management and coordinates the
interaction of all technology devices.

INFORMATION
TECHNOLOGY
● HARDWARE
● INVETORY SOFTWARE
● PAYROLL

INPUT DEVICE APPLICATION SOFTWARE

MOUSE WORD

BARCODE
READER
OUTPUT DEVICE
MONITOR SYSTEM SOFTWARE
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OPERATING SYTEM SOFTWARE

Windows
MAC OS
Linux

UTILITY SOFTWARE
Anti-virus software
Disk optimization
software

Exercise 1.2

Name: Corsan Geils A. Roman Course & Section:__BSOA-SS-G1

1. Give 5 examples of input device

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- keyboard,scanners,digital cameras,joysticks,microphones
2. Give 5 examples of output device
- headphones,projector,video card,sound card,monitor
3. Give 5 examples of Storage device
- usb flash drive,compact disc,hard drive disc,tape,secure digital card
4. Give 5 examples of Application Software
- microsoft word,microsoft excel,wordpad,google docs,oracle
5. Give 5 examples of System Software
- operating system,device drivers,firmware,programming language translator,utility
6. Research Types of Computer
- Supercomputer.
- Mainframe.
- Server Computer.
- Workstation Computer.
- Personal Computer or PC.
- Microcontroller.
- Smartphone.