PHILOSOPHY/THEORY/ST PHILOSOPHER/PROPON KEYWORDS/DEFINITIIO

N
UDY ENT
Theory of Moral Lawrence Kohlberg
Development
Idealism Immanuel Kant, Plato
Pragmatism John Dewey, Charles  Change is
permanent
Peirce, William James  Practice
 Ideas and theories
are results of
practice
 Classical
definitions/God/Doc
trine
 Great
Perennialism Books/Humanities/
Literature
 Education is
Constant
 Focuses on studying
the classics.
Knowledge, truth,
and education is
constant
Social Learning Theory emphasizes the importance
of observing and modeling
(observation/modeling) Albert Bandura the behaviors, attitudes, and
emotional reactions of
others.
refers to a learning
procedure in which a
biologically potent stimulus
(e.g. food) is paired with a
Classic Conditioning Ivan Pavlov previously neutral stimulus
(e.g. a bell). It also refers to
the learning process that
results from this pairing,
through which the neutral
stimulus comes to elicit a
response (e.g. salivation)
that is usually similar to the
one elicited by the potent
stimulus.
Operant Conditioning B.F. Skinner Operant conditioning
involves learning through
the consequences of
behaviorl responses.
Erikson’s (1959) theory of
psychosocial development
Psycho-social Theory Erik Erikson has eight distinct stages,
taking in five stages up to
the age of 18 years and
three further stages beyond,
well into adulthood.
This means that each
person, in different ways,
Humanistic Theory Abraham Maslow seeks to grow
psychologically and
continuously enhance
Ferrera, Michelle Anne L.
 themselves. This has been
captured by the term self-
actualization, which is
about psychological
growth, fulfillment and
satisfaction in life.
They proposed that
memory consisted of three
stores: a sensory register,
Richard Atkinson short-term memory (STM)
Information Theory and Richard Shiffrin and long-term memory
(LTM).

Information passes from

store to store in a linear
way, and has been
described as an information
processing model (like a
computer) with an input,
process and output.
According to this theory,
"we are all able to know the
world through language,
logical-mathematical
analysis, spatial
representation, musical
thinking, the use of the
body to solve problems or
Multiple Intelligence Howard Gardner to make things, an
understanding of other
individuals, and an
understanding of ourselves.
Where individuals differ is
in the strength of these
intelligences - the so-called
profile of intelligences -and
in the ways in which such
intelligences are invoked
and combined to carry out
different tasks, solve
diverse problems, and
progress in various
domains."
behavior exists in a totality
of interacting facts which
comprise a dynamic field.

Field Theory Kurt Lewin psychological field is

Ecological System Theory /
Ferrera, Michelle Anne L.
otherwise known as the life
space which comprises the
individual and his
psychological or behavioral
environment also known as
facts that affect the
behavior or thoughts of the
individual at a certain point
in time.
The Ecological Systems
Approach organizes
contexts of development
Urie Bronfenbrenner into five levels of external
 Environmental Contexts influence which interlock.
The levels are categorized
from the most intimate
level to the broadest, with
the most intimate being the
microsystem

Kolb explains that different

Learning Style Theory David Kolb people naturally prefer a
certain single different
learning style.

Social Constructivism Lev Vygotsky Vygotsky's theories stress

the fundamental role of
social interaction in the
development of cognition
(Vygotsky, 1978), as he
believed strongly that
community plays a central
role in the process of
"making meaning."
Discovery Learning Theory Jerome Brunner

Insight Learning Wolfgang Kohler

Cognitive Theory Piaget

Psychosexual theory Sigmund Freud

SCHEMA THEORY DAVID AUSUBEL

Connectionist Theory Edward Thorndike

(Law of Effect, Law of
Exercise and Law of
readiness)

Emotional Intelligence Daniel Goleman

Theory
Behaviorism John B. Watson

IQ Test Alfred Binet

 Social/Environment,
 offshoot of
pragmatism,
Reconstructionism Paulo freire  encourages the
application of
knowledge to help
reform or improved
society
 instruction focuses
on significant socio
economic problems.

Ferrera, Michelle Anne L.

 Traditionalism Rene guenon
Liberalism John Locke
Social Contract Theory Jean Jacques Rousseau
Realism Aristotle
Psychomotor Learning E.J. Simpson
Linguistics Noam Chomsky
Kindergarten Friedrich Froebel
Progressivism  Student-centered
 Non-graded
 Teacher as
facilitator of
learning
 Cooperation rather
than competition
 Permissive,
democratic
Essentialism  Back to basics
(reading/writing)
 Teacher as authority
 Learning is
hardwork
 Teacher-centered,
content-based
Existentialism  Center on the
individual (child-
centered)
 Uniqueness of
individuals
 Student’s choices
 Application of
varied activities to
meet students’
needs

Additional Info:

Modern Philosophies - Pragmatism/Experimentalism/Instrumentalism/Functionalism

Learning by doing, experience is the best teacher, reality is always changing,knowing results from
experiencing

EDUCATIONAL IMPLICATIONS - instruction focuses on Problem solving using scientific method,

direct experience and hands on training.

Ferrera, Michelle Anne L.