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Pre-Medical : Physics
ALLEN
COLLISION AND CENTRE OF MASS
w Centre of mass : For a system of particles centre of mass is that point at which its total mass is supposed to be
concentrated. y
w Centre of mass of system of discrete particles
Total mass of the body : M = m1 + m2 + ..... + mn then m1(x1, y1, z1)
r r r m2(x2, y2, z2)
r m r + m 2 r2 + m3 r3 + ... 1 r
R CM = 1 1 = Sm i ri m3(x3 , y3, z 3)
m1 + m2 + m 3 + ... M r1 r2 r3
mn(xn, yn, zn)
co-ordinates of centre of mass :
rn
1 1 1 x
x cm = Sm i x i , y cm = Sm i y i and z cm = Sm i z i (0,0,0)
M M M
w Centre of mass of continuous bodies z
y
r 1 r r 1 r r 1 r r 1 r
R CM = ò rdm Þ x cm =
M M ò x dm , y cm = ò y dm and z cm = ò z dm
M M
x, y, z are the co-ordinate of the COM of the dm mass.
dm
The centre of mass after removal of a part of a body
r
Original mass (M) – mass of the removed part (m)
= {original mass (M)} + { – mass of the removed part (m)} x
(0,0,0)
Mx - mx ¢ My - my ¢ Mz - mz ¢
The formula changes to : x CM = ; y CM = ; y CM = z
M-m M-m M-m
Where x', y' and z' represent the coordinates of the centre of mass of the removed part
Imporant points about centre of mass :
1. There may or may not be any mass present physically at the centre of mass.
2. Centre of mass may be inside or outside a body.
3. Centre of mass depends on the distribution of mass with in the body and is closer to massive portion.
4. For symmetrical bodies having homogeneous distribution of mass, centre of mass lie on the line of
symmetry and can be on centre of symmetry or geometrical centre.
CENTRE OF MASS OF SOME COMMON OBJECTS
Body Shape of body Position of centre of mass

Uniform Ring Centre of ring

CM

CM
Uniform Disc Centre of disc

Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

Uniform Rod Centre of rod
CM

Solid sphere/ Centre of sphere

CM
hollow sphere

Triangular plane Point of intersection of the medians

lamina CM
of the triangle i.e. centroid

Plane lamina in Point of intersection of diagonals

the form of a
square or rectangle CM
or parallelogram

Hollow/solid CM
Middle point of the axis of cylinder
cylinder

100 E
 Pre-Medical : Physics
ALLEN
Body Shape of body Position of centre
of mass
y

Half ring 2R
y cm =
CM p
ycm R
x

Segement of a ring Rsinq

CM y cm =
ycm q q
R
x

4R
CM y cm =
Half disc (plate) ycm 3p
x

Sector of a disc (plate) 2Rsinq

CM y cm =
ycm R
3q
q
x
y

CM
R
Hollow hemisphere ycm R y cm =
x 2
y

CM 3R
Solid hemisphere ycm R y cm =
x 8
y

h
Hollow cone h CM y cm =
ycm 3
x

h
Solid cone h CM y cm =
ycm 4
x

MOTION OF CENTRE OF MASS

r r r
r dR CM m1 v1 + m2 v 2 + ...
For a system of particles, velocity of centre of mass v CM = =
dt m1 + m2 + ....
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

r r
r d r m1a1 + m2a 2 + ...
Similarly acceleration CM dt ( CM )
a = v =
m1 + m 2 + ....

w Law of conservation of linear momentum

Linear momentum of a system of particles is equal to the product of mass of the system with velocity of its centre
of mass.
r
r d ( Mv CM )
From Newton's second law Fext. =
dt
r r r r r
If Fext. = 0 then Mv CM = constant or p final = pinitial
If no external force acts on a system the velocity of its centre of mass remains constant, i.e., velocity of centre
of mass is unaffected by internal forces. For example : Explosion of bomb at rest.
w Impulse – Momentum theorem r r
t 2

Impulse of a force is equal to the change of momentum òt Fdt = Dp

1

force time graph area gives change in momentum.

E 101
Pre-Medical : Physics
ALLEN
Collision of bodies
The event or the process, in which two bodies either coming in contact with each other or due to mutual
interaction at distance apart, affect each others motion (velocity, momentum, energy or direction of motion) is
defined as a collision.
In collision
• The particles come closer before collision and after collision they either stick together or move away from each
other.
• The particles need not come in contact with each other for a collision always. (But we genrally consiver those
collision which are in contact).
• The law of conservation of linear momentum is necessarily applicable in a collision, whereas the law of conser-
vation of mechanical energy is not.

T YPES O F CO LLISIO N

On the basis of direction On the basis of kinetic energy

one-dimensional Two dimensional

collision collision Elastic In-elastic Perfectly In-elastic
or or collision collision collision
Head on collision Oblique collision

The collision, in which
the particles move along
the same straight line
before and after the
collision, is defined as
one dimensional
collision.
The collision, in which A collision is said A collision is The collision, in which
the particles move along to be elastic, if said to be particles gets sticked
the same plane at together after the
the total kinetic inelastic, if the
collision, is called
different angles before energy before total kinetic perfectly inelastic
and after collision, is and after energy does not collision. In this type of
defined as oblique collision remains remains inelastic collision, loss of
collision. the same constant energy is maximum.

w Coefficient of restitution (Newton's law)

r r
velocity of separation along line of impact v 2 - v1
e =- = r r
velocity of approach along line of impact u1 - u 2

Value of e is 1 for elastic collision, 0 for perfectly inelastic collision and 0 < e < 1 for inelastic collision.
w Head on collision
u1 u2 v1 v2
A B A B A B Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

m1 m2 m1 m2
Before collision Collision After collision
Head on inelastic collision of two particles
Let the coefficient of restitution for collision is e
(i) Momentum is conserved m1u1 + m2u2 = m1v1 + m2v2 ...(i)
(ii) Kinetic energy is not conserved.
v 2 - v1
(iii) According to Newton's law e = ...(ii)
u1 - u2

By solving eq. (i) and (ii) :

æ m - em2 ö æ (1 + e ) m2 ö m1u1 + m2u 2 - m2e ( u1 - u2 )

v1 = ç 1 ÷ u1 + ç ÷ u2 =
è m1 + m2 ø è m1 + m2 ø m1 + m2

æ m - em1 ö æ (1 + e ) m1 ö m1u1 + m2 u2 - m1e ( u2 - u1 )

v2 = ç 2 ÷ u2 + ç ÷ u1 =
è m1 + m2 ø è m1 + m2 ø m1 + m2

102 E
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Elastic Collision (e=1)
• If the two bodies are of equal masses : m1 = m2 = m, v1 = u2 and v2 = u1
Thus, if two bodies of equal masses undergo elastic collision in one dimension, then after the collision, the bodies
will exchange their velocities.
• If the mass of a body is negligible as compared to other.
If m1>> m2 and u2 = 0 then v1 = u1, v2 = 2u1
When a heavy body A collides against a light body B at rest, the body A should keep on moving with same
velocity and the body B will move with velocity double that of A.

If m2 >> m1 and u2 = 0 then v2 = 0, v1 = – u1

When light body A collides against a heavy body B at rest, the body A should start moving with same velocity just
in opposite direction while the body B should practically remains at rest.
w Loss in kinetic energy in inelastic collision

m1m2 r r 2
DK = (1 - e2 ) u1 - u 2
2(m1 + m2 )

Oblique Collision
Conserving the momentum of system in directions along normal (x axis in our case)
m1u1cosa1 + m2u2cosa2 = m1v1cosb1 + m2v2cosb2

y
u2 v2
m2 m2
m1 m2
a2 b2
x
a1 b1

u1
v1
Before After
collision collision

Since no force is acting on m1 and m2 along the tangent (i.e. y–axis) the individual momentum of m1 and m2
remains conserved.
m1u1sina1 = m1v1sinb1 & m2u2sina2 = m2v2sinb2
By using Newton's experimental law along the line of impact
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

v 2 cos b2 - v1 cos b1
e=
u1 cos a1 - u2 cos a 2

KEY POINTS
r r
• Sum of mass moments about centre of mass is zero. i.e. åm r i i/ cm = 0

• A quick collision between two bodies is more violent then slow collision, even when initial and final
velocities are equal because the rate of change of momentum determines that the impulsive force small
or large.

• Heavy water is used as moderator in nuclear reactors as energy transfer is maximum if m1 ; m2.
• Impulse momentum theorem is equivalent to Newton's second law of motion.

• For a system, conservation of linear momentum is equivalent to Newton's third law of motion.

E 103
Pre-Medical : Physics
ALLEN
Illustration Three rods of the same mass are placed as shown in the figure. Calculate the coordinates of the
centre of mass of the system.

æa ö æ aö æa aö
Solution CM of rod OA is at ç ,0 ÷ , CM of rod OB is at ç 0, ÷ and CM of rod AB is at ç , ÷
è2 ø è 2ø è2 2ø
a a a a
m´ +m´0+m´ a m´0+ m´ + m´
For the system, xcm = 2 2 = Þ ycm =
2 2 = a
m+m+m 3 m+m+m 3
Illustration If the linear density of a rod of length L varies as l = A + Bx, determine the position of its centre
of mass. (where x is the distance from one of its ends)
Solution Let the X–axis be along the length of the rod with origin at one of its end as shown in figure.
As the rod is along x–axis, so, yCM = 0 and zCM = 0 i.e., centre of mass will be on the rod.
Now consider an element of rod of length dx at a distance x from the origin, mass of this element
dm = ldx = (A + Bx)dx so,
L L

ò xdm ò x(A + Bx)dx AL2 BL3

+
x CM = 0L = 0L = 2 3 = L(3A + 2BL)
BL2 3(2A + BL)
ò0 dm ò0 (A + Bx)dx AL + 2
dx

Note :
(i) If the rod is of uniform density then l = A = constant & B = 0 then xCM= L/2
(ii) If the density of rod varies linearly with x, then l = Bx and A = 0 then xCM = 2L/3
R
Illustration A disc of radius R is cut off from a uniform thin sheet of metal. A circular hole of radius is
2
now cut out from the disc, with the hole being tangent to the rim of the disc. Find the distance
of the centre of mass from the centre of the original disc. Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

Solution We treat the hole as a 'negative mass' object that is combined with the original uncut disc. (When
the two are overlapped together, the hole region then has zero mass). By symmetry, the CM lies
along the +y–axis in figure, so xCM = 0 . With the origin at the centre of the original circle whose
mass is assumed to be m.
Mass of original uncut circle m1 = m & Location of CM = (0,0)
m æ Rö
Mass of hole of negative mass : m2 = ; Location of CM = ç 0, ÷
4 è 2ø

æ möR y
m(0) + ç - ÷
m 1 y1 + m 2 y 2 è 4 ø2 = -R
Thus y CM = = R
m1 + m 2 æ mö 6 2
m + ç- ÷
è 4ø x
0
So the centre of mass is at the point æ 0, - R ö . R
çè ÷
6ø
Thus, the required distance is R/6.
104 E
 Pre-Medical : Physics
ALLEN
Illustration Find coordinates of center of mass of a quarter sector of a uniform disk of radius r placed in
the first quadrant of a Cartesian coordinate system with centre at origin.

Solution. From the result obtained for sector of circular plate distance OC of the center of mass form the
center is
y
2r sin ( p / 4) 4 2r
OC = = yc C
3p / 4 3p

æ 4r 4r ö p/4
Coordinates of the center of mass (xc, yc) are çè , ÷ O xc x
3p 3p ø

Illustration A block of mass M is placed on the top of a bigger block of mass 10M as shown in figure. All
the surfaces are frictionless. The system is released from rest.

2.2 m

Find the distance moved by the bigger block at the instant when the smaller block reaches the
ground.
Solution If the bigger block moves toward right by a distance (x) then the smaller block will move toward
left by a distance (2.2 – x).
Now considering both the blocks together as a system, horizontal position of CM remains same.

As the sum of mass moments about centre of mass is zero i.e. åm x i i / cm = 0.

M(2.2 – x) = 10 Mx Þ x = 0.2 m.

Illustration A man of mass 80 kg stands on a plank of mass 40 kg. The plank is lying on a smooth horizontal
floor. Initially both are at rest. The man starts walking on the plank towards north and stops after
moving a distance of 6 m on the plank. Then
(A) the centre of mass of plank-man system remains stationary.
(B) the plank will slide to the north by a distance of 4 m
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

(C) the plank will slide to the south by a distance of 4 m

(D) the plank will slide to the south by a distance of 12 m
Solution Ans. (A,C)
Since net force is zero so centre of mass remains stationary
Let x be the displacement of the plank.
Since CM of the system remains stationary

6m

south x north

so 80 (6–x) = 40 x Þ 12 – 2x = x Þ x = 4 m.

E 105
Pre-Medical : Physics
ALLEN
Illustration Two bodies of masses m1 and m2 (<m1) are connected to the ends of a
massless cord and allowed to move as shown in figure. The pulley is massless
and frictionless. Calculate the acceleration of the centre of mass.
r r
Solution If a is the acceleration of m1,then – a is the acceleration of m2 then
r r
r m1a + m2 (– a) F
m1 – m2 r I
a cm =
m1 + m2
= GH
m +m
a
1 2
JK
F
m1 – m2 r I m1 – m2 F I 2
r
But
r
GH JK
r
a = m + m g so a cm= m + m
1 2 1 2
GH JK g.

Illustration In a gravity free room a man of mass m1 is standing at a height h above the floor. He throws a
ball of mass m2 vertically downward with a speed u. Find the distance of the man from the floor
when the ball reaches the ground.

h
Solution Time taken by ball to reach the ground t =
u

F m uI
By conservation of linear momentum, speed of man v = GH m JK
2

FG h IJ FG m u IJ = m
2 2
Therefore, the man will move upward by a distance = vt =
H uK H m K m
1 1
h

m2 m2 F I
Total distance of the man from the floor = h+ m h = 1 + m h.
1 1
GH JK
Illustration A simple pendulum of length 1m has a wooden bob of mass 1kg. It is struck by a bullet of mass
10–2 kg moving with a speed of 2 × 102 m/s. The bullet gets embedded within the bob. Obtain
the height to which the bob rises before swinging back.
Solution Applying principle of conservation of linear momentum

2 Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

mu = (M + m) v Þ 10–2 × (2 × 102) = (1+.01) v Þ v = m/s
1.01

v
(M + m)
h
m
M
u

Initial KE of the block with bullet in it, is fully converted into PE as it

rises through a height h, given by

2
1 v2 æ 2 ö 1
(M + m)v 2 = (M + m)gh Þ v2 = 2gh Þ h = =ç ÷ ´ = 0.2 m.
2 2g è 1.01ø 2 ´ 9.8

106 E
 Pre-Medical : Physics
ALLEN
Illustration A body falling on the ground from a height of 10 m, rebounds to a height 2.5 m calculate the:
(i) percentage loss in K.E. (ii) ratio of the velocities of the body just before and after the collision.
Solution Let v1 and v2 be the velocities of the body just before and just after the collision.

1 1 2 v2 h 10 v
KE1 = mv 12 = mgh1...(i) and KE2 = mv 2 = mgh2 ...(ii) Þ 12 = 1 = = 4 Þ 1 =2.
2 2 v 2 h2 2.5 v2

mg(h1 - h2 ) 10 - 2.5
Percentage loss in KE= ´ 100 = ´ 100 = 75%.
mgh1 10

Illustration A ball of mass m hits a floor with a speed v making an angle of incidence q = 45° with the normal
1
to the floor. If the coefficient of restitution is e = , find the speed of the reflected ball and the
2
angle of reflection. [AIPMT (Mains) 2005]

Solution

Since the floor exerts a force on the ball along the normal during the collision so horizontal component
of velocity remains same and only the vertical component changes.

v
Therefore, v'sinq' = vsinq =
2

1 1 v
and v'cosq' = evcosq = v× = .
2 2 2

v2 v2 3 2 3
Þ v'2 = + = v Þ v' = v
2 4 4 2

and tanq' = 2 Þ q' = tan 2 .

–1

Illustration A ball of mass 2 kg moving with a speed of 5 m/s collides directly with another ball of mass
3 kg moving in the same direction with a speed of 4 m/s. The coefficient of restitution is 2/3. Find
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

the velocities after collision.

Solution Denoting the first ball by A and the second ball by B, velocities immediately before and after the
impact are shown in the figure.

5 m/s 4 m/s v1 v2

A B A B
Before collision After collision

By COLM : 2(5) + 3(4) = 2v1 + 3v2 Þ 2v1 + 3v2 = 22 ...... (i)

v 2 – v1 2 v 2 – v1
By definition of e : e = u – u Þ = Þ 3v2 –3v1 =2 ...... (ii)
1 2 3 5–4

by solving equations (i) and (ii), we have v1 = 4 m/s and v2 = 4.67 m/s

E 107
Pre-Medical : Physics
ALLEN
COLLISION AND CENTRE OF MASS EXERCISE
1. The coordinate of the centre of mass of a system as 3a ˆ 3a ˆ
(1) aiˆ + ajˆ (2) i+ j
shown in figure :– 2 2
4a ˆ
Y (3) 2aiˆ + j (4) 2aiˆ + 2ajˆ
3
solid M
sphere 5. Find the position of centre of mass from the base of
(0,a)
a uniform solid cone of height 20 cm.
hollow M M disk
sphere 20
(1) 5 cm (2) cm
(0,0) (a,0)
3
(3) 12 cm (4) lie outside the cone

æa ö æa aö 6. If the linear density of a rod of length L varies as

(1) ç , 0 ÷ (2) ç , ÷
è3 ø è2 2ø l = kx2, determine the position of its centre of mass
æa aö æ aö (where x is the distance from one of its ends and k is
(3) ç , ÷ (4) ç 0, ÷ constant) :-
è 3 3ø è 3ø
2. The centre of mass of a system of three particles L L 2L 3L
(1) (2) (3) (4)
of masses 1g, 2g and 3g is taken as the origin of 2 3 3 4
a coordinate system. The position vector of a fourth 7. The variation of density of a cylindrical thick and
particle of mass 4g such that the centre of mass
of the four particle system lies at the point (1, 2, x2
long rod, is r = r0 , then position of its centre
ˆ , where a is a constant. The value
3,) is a (iˆ + 2jˆ + 3k) L2

of a is :- of mass from x = 0 end is :-

10 2 (1) 2L/3 (2) L/2 (3) L/3 (4) 3L/4

5 1
(1) (2) (3) (4)
3 2 2 5 8. Find the position of centre of mass from base for
3. A rigid body consists of a 5 kg mass connected to a a solid hemisphere of radius 24 cm,
10 kg mass by a massless rod. The 5 kg mass is (1) 4 cm (2) 9 cm (3) 8 cm (4) 12 cm
r
located at r1 = (5iˆ + 4j)
ˆ m and the 10 kg mass at
r 9. Two particles which are initially at rest, move towards
r2 = (4iˆ + 3j)
ˆ m. Find the coordinates of the centre
each other under the action of their internal
of mass. attraction. If their speeds are v and 2v at any instant,
æ 13 10 ö then the speed of centre of mass of the system will
(1) (11, 10) (2) ç , ÷
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

è 3 3 ø be :-
æ 11 10 ö (1) v (2) 2v (3) Zero (4) 1.5 v
(3) ç 15 , 15 ÷ (4) (3, 4)
è ø
10. Two bodies of masses 15 kg and 5 kg are connected
4. Find the position of centre of mass of given figure :- to the ends of a mass less cord and allowed to move
y as shown in figure. The pulley is massless and friction
less. Calculate the acceleration of the centre of mass:-
square plate
(1) 5 m/s2
(2) –5 m/s2
2a s
5
(3) m/s2
2
2a 2s 3s 5kg
5
(4) - m/s2 15 kg
2
x

108 E
 Pre-Medical : Physics
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11. If the system is released, then the acceleration of 15. A uniforme sheet is shown below if the shaded area
the centre of mass of the system :- is removed find new position of centre of mass.

g a
(1) (1) + a
4 6

g a
(2) (2) -
2 6
m
3m 2a
(3) g a O
(4) 2g (3) +
3
12. A cricket bat is cut at the location of its centre of
mass as shown. Then :- a
(4) - 2a
3
16. A circular disc of radius R has a uniform thickness.
A circular hole of diameter equal to radius of disc has
been cut out as shown. Distance of centre of mass of
(1) The two pieces will have the same mass remaining disc from O is :-
(2) The bottom piece will have larger mass R
(3) The handle piece will have larger mass (1)
14
(4) Mass of handle piece is double the mass of
bottom piece R
(2) R
12
13. Two spherical bodies of mass M and 5M and radii
R and 2R are released in free space with initial R
separation between their centres equal to 12R. If (3)
8
they attract each other due to gravitational force
only, then the distance covered by the smaller body R
(4)
before collision is :- 6
(1) 9.5R (2) 7.5R 17. A circular plate of uniform thickness has a diameter
(3) 4.5R (4) 3.5R 56 cm. A circular
14. A uniform solid sphere as shown below has a portion of diameter 42
spherical hole in it. Find the position of its centre of cm is removed from one
28 cm
mass. edge as shown in the 21 cm

figure. The centre of O2 O O1

y
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

mass of the remaining

b
portion from the centre
of plate will be :
(1) 5 cm (2) 7 cm (3) 9 cm (4) 11 cm
a
x
18. A 1 kg stationary bomb is exploded in three parts
having mass ratio 1 : 1 : 2. Parts having same mass
R
move in perpendicular directions with velocity 30
z m/s, then the velocity of bigger part will be :-

-a 3 b2 -a 3 b 10
(1) (2)
R 3 - a3 R 3 - a3 (1) 3 2 m/s (2) m/s
2
15
-a 3 b 3 - b3 a (3) 15 2 m/s (4) m/s
(3) (4) 2
R 3 - a3 R 3 - a3

E 109
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19. A big ball of mass M, moving with velocity u strikes
æ m ö æ m+M ö
a small ball of mass m, which is at rest. Finally small (1) ç ÷v (2) ç ÷v
ball attains velocity u and big ball v. What is the èM–mø è M ø

value of v :-
æ M–m ö æ m ö
M-m m (3) ç ÷v (4) ç ÷v
(1) u (2) u è M ø è m+M ø
M M+m
2m M
(3) (4) v 25. A bullet of mass 10g moving horizontally with a
M+m M+m
velocity of 500 m/s strikes a wooden block of mass
20. A heavy nucleus at rest breaks into two fragments
which fly off with velocities 8 : 1. The ratio of radii 2 kg which is suspended by a light inextensible string
of length 5 m. As a result, the centre of gravity of
of the fragments is :-
the block is found to rise a vertical distance of
(1) 1 : 2 (2) 1 : 4
10 cm. The speed of the bullet after it emerges out
(3) 4 : 1 (4) 2 : 1
horizontally from the block will be :-
21. A person of mass m is standing on one end of a plank
(1) 220 m/s (2) 200 m/s
of mass M and length L and floating in water. The
person moves from one end to another and stops. (3) 160 m/s (4) 120 m/s
The displacement of the plank is –
26. A 10 gm lump of clay, moving with a velocity of
Lm 10 cm/s towards east, collides head–on with another
(1) (2) Lm(M + m)
(m + M) 20 gm lump of clay moving with 15cm/s towards
west. After collision, the two lumps stick together.
(M + m ) LM The velocity of the compound lump will be –
(3) (4)
Lm (m + M) (1) 5 cm/s towards east
(2) 5 cm/s towards west
22. Two man of mass 50 kg and 100 kg are standing on (3) 6.6 cm/s towards east
a 150 kg plank. Find the displacement of plank if (4) 6.6 cm/s towards west
both interchange their positions on 10 m long plank.
27. Two identical balls, one moves with 6 m/s and
50 kg 100 kg
second is at rest, collides elastically. After collision
velocity of second and first ball will be :
(1) 6m/s, 6m/s (2) 12m/s, 12m/s
Plank
(3) 6m/s, 0m/s (4) 0m/s, 6m/s
5 28. Two identical balls A and B having velocities of
(1) 5m, Right (2) m , Right Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65
3 5 m/s and –3 m/s respectively collide elastically in
(3) 3m, Left (4) 0 one dimension. The velocities of B and A after the
23. A bullet of mass m is fired from a gun of mass M. collision respectively will be :-
The recoiling gun compresses a spring of force (1) –3 m/s and 5 m/s
constant k by a distance d. Then the velocity of the
(2) 3 m/s and 5 m/s
bullet is :-
(3) –5 m/s and 3 m/s
d
(1) kd M/m (2) km
M (4) 5 m/s and –3 m/s
d kM
(3) kM (4) d 29. A 1 Kg ball falls from a height of 25 cm and
m m
rebounds upto a height of 16 cm. The co–efficient
24. A bullet of mass m is fired into a large block of wood
of restitution is –
of mass M with velocity v. The final velocity of the
(1) 0·8 (2) 0·32 (3) 0·40 (4) 0·56
system is :-

110 E
 Pre-Medical : Physics
ALLEN
30. A ball is dropped from a height of 10 m. If 60% of 36. If two masses m1 and m2 collide, the ratio of the
its energy is lost on collision with the earth then changes in their respective velocities is proportional
after collision the ball will rebound to a height of– to :-
(1) 10 m (2) 8 m
m1 m1
(3) 4 m (4) 6 m (1) m (2)
2 m2
31. Two balls of equal masses undergo a head-on collision
with speeds 6 m/s moving in opposite direction. If m2 m2
(3) m (4) m1
1
the coefficient of restitution is 0.5, find the speed of
each ball after impact in m/s. 37. In the diagrams given below the horizontal line
(1) 3 (2) 6 represents the path of a ball coming from left and
(3) 2 (4) 4 hitting another ball which is initially at rest. The other
32. Identify the wrong statement. two lines represents the paths of the two balls after
the collision. Which of the diagram shows a physically
(1) A body can have momentum without energy
impossible situation ?
(2) A body can have energy without momentum
(3) The momentum is conserved in an elastic
(1)
collision only.
(4) Kinetic energy is not conserved in an inelastic
collision
(2)
33. A sphere of mass m moving with a constant velocity
collides with another stationary sphere of same
(3)
mass. The ratio of velocities of two spheres after
collision will be, if the co-efficient of restitution is e-
(4)
1- e e -1
(1) (2) 38. A rubber ball is dropped from a height of 5m on
1+ e e +1
a plane, where the acceleration due to gravity is
1+ e e +1 not shown. On bouncing it rises to 1.8 m. The ball
(3) (4)
1- e e -1 loses its velocity on bouncing by a factor of :-
34. A ball is dropped from height h on the ground level. 16 2
(1) (2)
If the coefficient of restitution is e then the height 25 5
upto which the ball will go after nth jump will be –
3 9
Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

h e 2n (3) (4)
5 25
(1) (2)
e2n h
39. Two masses m1 = 2kg and m2 = 5kg are moving
(3) he n
(4) he 2n on a frictionless surface with velocities 10m/s
35. A particle falls from a height ‘h’ upon a fixed and 3 m/s respectively. m2 is ahead of m 1. An
horizontal plane and rebounds. If ‘e’ is the coefficient ideal spring of spring constant k = 1120 N/m is
of restitution the total distance travelled before attached on the back side of m2. The maximum
rebounding has stopped is :- compression of the spring will be :-

F1+ e I2 F1- e I2

(1) h GH 1 - e JK
2 (2) h GH 1 + e JK
2

F
h 1 - e2 I F
h 1 + e2 I (1) 0·51 m (2) 0·062 m
(3) 2 GH
1 + e2
JK (4) 2 GH
1 - e2
JK (3) 0·25 m (4) 0·72 m

E 111
Pre-Medical : Physics
ALLEN
40. Two spheres A and B of masses m1 and m 2 41. A ball moving with velocity of 9m/s collides with
respectively collide. A is at rest initially and B is another similar stationary ball. After the collision
moving with velocity 2v along x-axis. After collision both the balls move in directions making an angle
B has a velocity v in a direction perpendicular to the of 30° with the initial direction. After the collision
original direction. The mass A moves after collision their speed will be –
in the direction.
5
(1) q = tan–1(1/2) to the x-axis (1) m/s (2) 3 3 m/s
3
(2) q = tan–1(–1/2) to the x-axis
(3) same as that of B
10
(4) opposite to that of B (3) m/s (4) 52 m/s
3

Z:\NODE02\B0AI-B0\SPARK KOTA\PHYSICS\ENG\CLASS_XI\07-COM AND COLLISION.P65

ANSWER KEY
Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 3 2 2 3 1 4 4 2 3 4 1 2 2 2 2
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 4 3 3 1 1 1 2 3 4 1 4 3 4 1 3
Que. 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41
Ans. 1 3 1 4 1 3 3 2 3 1,2 2

112 E
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