Chemical Equilibrium

ABOUT EDUCATORS

DR. SHARAD KOTHARI

• MSc., PhD, NET, JRF
• 18 year experience of IIT JEE in Organic Chemistry
• Ex. Senior Faculty of Vibrant Academy, Kota and Bansal Classes, Kota

PIYUSH MAHESHWARI
• BE (Hons.)
• 11 year experience of IIT JEE in InorganicChemistry
• Author of 'Super Problems in Inorganic Chemistry',
• Ex. HOD Bansal Classes, Kota
• Ex. Senior Faculty of Vibrant Academy, Kota and Allen Career Institute, Kota

BRIJESH JINDAL
• BTech Jaipur MNIT
• 11 year experience of IIT JEE in Physical Chemistry
• Ex. Senior Faculty of Vibrant Academy, Kota, Allen Career Institute, Kota and Bansal
Classes, Kota
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

s
EXERCISE-1 (Subjective Questions)

r t
er ts x pe
p Chemical Equilibrium and Equilibrium Constant
E
E x try
Q.1 Which of the following statement is True / False for dynamic equilibrium?

try
(a) concentration of reactant and products are always equal.
i s
i s
(b) rate of forward and backward reaction are equal
em
m Ch
(c) ratio of concentration of reactants and products is constant
e
Ch
(d) ratio of partial pressure of reactants and products is constant.
(e) vapour density of mixture is constant.
(f) concentration of reactants and products are constant.
(g) The equilibrium constant expression depends only on the stoichiometry of the reaction, not on the
mechanism.
ts r ts
Write expression for K , K e r p e
3O (g)xp NH (g) + H S(g) x
Q.2 and K (whichever is applicable) :
E
P C PC

(c) Ag (aq) + 2NHE

(a) 2O (g)
3
+
r
2
(aq) l
(b) NH HS(s)
[Ag(NH ) ] (aq)(d) HCl(g) H (aq) + Cl r
y H (g) + Zn (aq) (f) CaF (s) l Ca (aq) +i2Fst(aq) + y
(aq)
4
+
3
–
2

s
(e) 2H (aq) +t Zn(s)
3

i + CO (aq) OH (aq) + HCO (aq)

+
2
2+
3 2

m 2
2+ –

e m
(g) H O(l)
2 3
2– –

h e 3
–

Q.3Ch
Find relationship between K and K P
CC
(a) 2NH3(g) + 3CuO(s) 3H2O(g) + N2(g) + 3Cu(s)
(b) 2Cu(NO3)2(s) 2CuO(s) + 4NO2(g) + O2(g)
(c) CH4(g) + 2H2S(g)
(d) 3Fe(s) + 4H2O(g)
r s
CS2(g) + 4H2(g)
t
Fe3O4(s) + 4H2(g)
ts
x pe at 298 K : per
Q.4
2NO(g) + Br (g)yE 2NOBr(g)
Given the following information

r E x
t y
K = 4 atm –1

s r
2 P
2NO(g)
m i N (g) + O (g)
2 2 K = 4 × 10 P
20

i s t
(a)e4NO (g) + 2Br (g)
Then Calculate K for
h
P
4NOBr(g)
em
C Ch
2
1
(b) NOBr(g) NO(g) +Br (g)
2 2
(c) N2(g) + O2(g) + Br2(g) 2NOBr(g)

Q.5
ts
A mixture of H2(g) and N2(g) is allowed to attain equilibrium at 427°C. It is found to contain 5 atm H2,
r
pe
2.5 atm N2 and 0.15 atm NH3. From these data calculate KP and KC for the reaction

E x
N2(g) + 3H2(g) 2NH3(g)
r ts
t r ycontaining –2 –2
p e
is x
Q.6 A closed system 10 M H and 2 × 10 M I at 450°C is allowed to reach equilibrium
2 2 and

E
at equilibrium the HI concentration is 1.8 × 10 M. Calculate K –2
at 450°C for

h e m H (g) + I (g) 2HI(g)

tr y C

s
2 2

C Sulfur trioxide decomposes at high temperature in a sealed container :i

Q.7
2SO (g) 2SO (g) + O (g)e
h m
3
C pressure of 0.5 atm. At equilibrium SO
Initially, the vessel is charged at 1000 K with SO (g) at a partial
partial pressure is 0.3 atm. Calculate the value of KP at 1000 K.
3
2 2
3

Page # 1
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Q.8 (a) At 500 K the reaction :
PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) KP = 1 atm
r ts
er ts pe
In equilibrium mixture at 500 K, the partial pressure of PCl5 is 0.8 atm and that of PCl3 is 0.4 atm. What
x
p
is the partial pressure of Cl2 in the equilibrium mixture.
E
x try
(b) If initially PCl5 is taken at a pressure of 2atm, then what are the equilibrium pressures of PCl3, PCl5
E s
try i
and Cl2 at this temperature?

i s h e m
Q.9
em
A mixture of 1 mol of NO, 0.5 mol of H2 and 1 mol of H O is placed
2
C
in a 1L vessel at 300 K. The

Ch
following equilibrium is established.
2NO(g) + 2H2(g) N2(g) + 2H2O(g)
at equilibrium [NO] = 0.8 M
(a) Calculate KC
(b) Calculate equilibrium concentration of H2,N2 and H2O
ts r ts
r pe
(c) Calculate partial pressures of NO, H2, N2 and H2O at equilibrium

p
[Take : R = 0.08L-atm.mol–1 K–1] e x
x E
Q.10
ryE try
A flask is charged with 3 atm of N2O4(g) and 2 atm NO2(g) at 27°C, and following equilibrium is
st i s
miachieved.
N2O4(g) 2NO2(g)
em
e h
Ch C
After equilibrium is reached, the partial pressure NO2 is 1 atm. [R = 0.08 atm-L/mol-K]
(a) What is equilibrium partial pressure of N2O4?
(b) Calculate value of KP for the reaction.
(c) Calculate KC for the reaction.

Q.11
r ts
(a) At 1323°C the equilibrium constant for the reaction :
ts
e r
xp pe
Br2(g) 2Br(g); KC = 10–3

r y E E x
A 0.2L vessel containing an equilibrium mixture of gases has 0.24 g Br2(g) in it. What is the mass of Br(g)

y
in the vessel?

i st
(b) For the reaction : H2(g) + I2(g)
tr
2HI(g) KC = 25 at 800 K. In a 2L flask containing an equilibrium
i s
e m
mixture of three gases, there are 0.04 g H2 and 5.08 g I2. What is the mass of HI in the flask?
m
Ch2NOBr(g)
Q.12 For the following equilibrium at 400K
2NO(g) + Br (g) K = 5 atm
2 P Ch
e
If the pressure of NOBr(g) and NO(g) are equal, what is the equilibrium pressure of Br2(g)?

Q.13 For the following equilibrium at 25°C :

KOH(s) + CO2(g)
r t
KHCO3(s)s KP = 6 × 1015 atm–1

pe
if we take 7g KOH and 9g KHCO3 in an evacuated container and allowed to reach equilibrium. Calculate
x
the pressure of CO2(g) at equilibrium.
t s
r E
yequilibrium at 400K. e r
t
Br (g) + iCls(g)
Q.14 For the following
x p
Ife m 2BrCl(g) ; K =9
r E
ywill be the equilibrium
t
2 2 C

h
C concentration of Br , Cl and BrCl?
2 2
i s
5 mol of Br and 5 mol of Cl are introduced in 5L container at 400 K. What

em
2 2

Q.15 Consider the reaction: Cl (g) 2 2Cl(g)

A flask is charged with 8 atm of pure Cl (g), after which
h
Cit is allowed to reach equilibrium at 400°C.
2

Page # 2
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
At equilibrium partial pressure of Cl2(g) is 4 atm.
(a) What is total pressure in the flask at equilibrium
r ts
e r ts
(b) Value of KP for given reaction at 400°C
x pe
x p
Q.16 For the following equilibrium at 127°C.
r y E
r E
y in 5L vessel contains 5.5g NOBr, 3g NO andm8giofsBr
2NOBr(g) 2NO(g) + Br (g) t
t
2

i sK
An equilibrium mixture

h e 2

(b) e
h m
(a) Calculate
Calculate
C
total pressure exerted by the vessel. C
C (c) What was the mass of original sample of NOBr. (If initially only NOBr was present).

Q.17 A sample of solid NH4OCONH2(s) was placed in an evacuated container and then heated so that
following reaction takes place
ts r ts
r pe
NH4OCONH2(s) 2NH3(g) + CO2(g)

p e x
After heating the total pressure in container was found to be 0.6 atm. Calculate KP for above reaction.
x E
Q.18
ryE
For the following reaction at 327°C
st i s try
miNH3(g) + HCl(g) NH4Cl(s) ; KP = 5 atm–2

em
(a) An excess of NH4Cl(s) to an empty container and allowed to decompose at 327°C till equilibrium is
e h
Ch C
reached. Then calculate total pressure at equilibrium.
(b) An excess of NH4Cl(s) is added to a container filled with ammonia at 327°C and 2 atm. Calculate
the pressures of NH3(g) and HCl(g) reached at equilibrium.

Homogeneous equilibria, Degree of dissociation(a), Vapour density and Equilibrium constant

r ts
Q.19 The vapour density of N2O4 and NO2 mixture at a certain temperature is 30. Calculate the percentage
ts
e r
xp pe
dissociation of N2O4 at this temperature :

r y E N2O4(g) 2NO2 (g)

E x
i y at 25° C &
Q.20 2 NOBr(g) t 2 NO (g) + Br (g). If nitrosyl bromide (NOBr) is 33.33% dissociated
r
s of 0.28 atm. Calculate K for the dissociation at this itemperature.
t
e m
a total pressure
2
s
h
p

e m
C of N O at 46° C at a total pressure of 380 torr . Ch
Q.21 At 46°C, K
2
for
4
the
p reaction N O (g) 2NO
2 4 (g) is 0.667 atm.
2 Compute the percent dissociation

Q.22 The degree of dissociation(a) of N2O4 into NO2 at 1.5 atmosphere and 40°C is 0.25. Calculate its
Kp at 40°C.Also report degree of dissociation(a) at 10 atmospheric pressure at same temperature.

r ts
Q.23
x pe
At some temperature and under a pressure of 4 atm , PCl5 is 10% dissociated. Calculate the
pressure at which PCl5 will be 20% dissociated, temperature remaining same.
ts
r E r
yaccording to the reaction PCl PCl (g) + Cl (g) . At 523 K, K =p1.78eatm. Find
t
isof the equilibrium mixture at a total pressure of 1 atm . yEx
Q.24 PCl dissociates
5 5 3 2 p

e m
the density
tr
Q.25 h SO (g) + iOs(g)
1
C At 627°C and 1 atm SO dissociation as : SO (g)
3 3

em K ]
2 2 2

–1
C h
The density of equilibrium mixture is 0.8 g L . [R = 0.08atm-L-mol
(a) Calculate K for the reaction.
–1 –1

P
(b) Calculate degree of dissociation.
Page # 3
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

Q.26 When 36.8g N2O4 (g) is introduced into a 1.0-litre flask at 27°C . The following equilibrium
r ts
s pe
reaction occurs :
N2O4 (g)
r t
2NO2 (g) ;
e
KP = 0.2 atm.
x
p
(a) Calculate Kc of the equilibrium reaction.
E
E x
(b) What are the number of moles of N2O4 and NO2 at equilibrium?
s try
try i
(c) What is the total gas pressure in the flask at equilibrium?

i s
(d) What is the percent dissociation of N2O4?
em
e m Ch
[Take : R = 0.08L-atm.mol–1 K–1]
h
Q.27CThe system N O 2 4 2 NO2 maintained in a closed vessel at 60º C & a pressure of 5 atm has an
average (i.e. observed) molecular weight of 69, calculate Kp. At what pressure at the same
temperature would the observed molecular weight be (230/3) ?

ts r ts
er pe
Q.28 The degree of dissociation is 0.4 at 400K & 1.0 atm for the gasoeus reaction
PCl5
x p x
PCl3 + Cl2(g). Assuming ideal behaviour of all gases. Calculate the density of equilibrium
E
r y E
mixture at 400K & 1.0 atm pressure.
tr y
i st constant2NO(g) i s
m
Q.29 The equilibrium at certain reaction at given temperature is K = 10 3

h e m N (g) + O (g)
2 2
h e
C (a) P = 0.01 atm, P = 2 atm , P = 10 atm C
Predict the direction of reaction if we start with following partial pressure.

NO N2 O2

(b) PNO = 10 atm, PN 2 = 0.1 atm , PO 2 = 10 atm

r t s
(c) PNO = 20 atm, PN 2 = 50 atm , PO 2 = 8 atm
ts
e
pwas placed in a closed container and allowed to stand. pe r
E x x
(a) MgCO (s)ry
Q.30 Each of following mixture

s t CO (g) at a pressure greater than K r yE

i t
3
(b) MgO(s)
e m
and 2 P
i s
h
(c) MgCO (s) and CO (g) at a pressure greater than K
3 2
e m P

Ch : MgCO (s) MgO(s) + CO (g)

C Determine whether or not each mixture can attain the equilibrium
(d) MgCO (s) and MgO(s)
3
3 2

Hetrogeneous Equilibrium
Q.31 Solid Ammonium carbamate dissociates as: NH2 COONH4 (s) 2NH3(g) + CO2(g). In a closed

r t s
vessel solid ammonium carbamate is in equilibrium with its dissociation products. At equilibrium, ammonia

pe
is added such that the partial pressure of NH3 at new equilibrium now equals the original total pressure.

x
Calculate the ratio of total pressure at new equilibrium to that of original total pressure.

E r ts
t r
Q.32 A sample of CaCO yis reached. The equilibrium constant for the reaction CaCO (s) CaO(s)
(s) is introduced into a sealed container of volume 0.821 litre &
p e
heated to 1000K
i s
until equilibrium
is 4 m
3

E x + CO (g)
y
3 2

e r
-2
× 10 atm at this temperature. Calculate the mass of CaO present at equilibrium.
h
C amount of the water taken up is governed by K = 6.4 × 10 em
Q.33 Anhydrous calcium chloride is often used as a dessicant. In the i s t
presence of excess of CaCl , the
2,

temperature, CaCl (s) + 6H O(g)

2 2 CaCl .6H O(s)C
2
p
h isforthetheequilibrium
. What
2
85 following reaction at room
vapour pressure of
water in a closed vessel that contains CaCl (s) ? 2

Page # 4
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Q.34 20.0 grams of CaCO3(s) were placed in a closed vessel, heated & maintained at 727º C under
equilibrium CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g) and it is found that 75 % of CaCO3 was decomposed.
r ts
r ts
What is the value of Kp ? The volume of the container was 15 litres.
x pe
Q.35 At 90°C , the followingx pe is established : r y E
HE t
equilibrium
H (g) + S(s)
2
r y and 1.0 mol of sulphur are heated tom
S(g) K = 6.8 × 10
If 0.2 mol ofthydrogen
2 p
-2
i sin a 1.0 litre vessel,
sthe partial pressure of H S at equilibrium? he
what will ibe
90°C

h e m 2
C
Cpressure of two gases at equilibrium, when 1.42 atm of S and excess of C(s) come
Q.36 The equilibrium constant for the reaction is 9.40 at 900°C S (g) + C(s)
2
2 CS (g) . Calculate the
2
to equilibrium.

Q.37 When 3.06g of solid NH4HS is introduced into a two litre evacuated flask at 27°C, 30% of the solid
ts r ts
r pe
decomposes into gaseous ammonia and hydrogen sulphide.
(i)
p e
Calculate KC & KP for the reaction at 27°C.
x
(ii)
E x y E
What would happen to the equilibrium when more solid NH4HS is introduced into the flask?

tr y t r
in equilibrium according to the equation 2 SO + O is 2 SO in 1 litre reaction
i s
vessel at a given temperature was found to contain 0.11 mol of SO m
Q.38 A reaction system
m e
2 2 3

Oe h
, 0.12 mol of SO and 0.05 mol of

Chbe added to this vessel in order that at equilibrium half of SOC is oxidised to SO ?
2 3
. Another 1 litre reaction vessel contains 64 g of SO at the same
2 2 temperature. What mass of O must 2
2 3

Le-Chatelier’s Principle

r s
Q.39 Old fashioned “smelling salts” consist of (NH4)2CO3. The reaction for decomposition is :
t ts
(NH4)2CO3(s)
e
2NH3(g) + CO2(g) + H2O(g)
r
xp pe
If equilibrium has been achieved, then predict the effect that each of following changes will have on

ryE
equilibrium position.
E x
i st
(a) Addition of (NH4)2CO3(s) to the system
try
(b) Removal of water vapours

em i s
m
(c) If volume of container is doubled

Ch Ch
e
(d) If Ar(g) is added at constant pressure
(e) If tempeature is increased.

Q.40 (a) What would be the effect of an increase in pressure on following equilibria :
(i) CO(g) + 2H2(g) CH3OH(g) (ii) 2HBr(g) H2(g) + Br2(g)

s
(iii) CO2(g) + C(s) 2CO(g) (iv) COCl2(g) CO(g) + Cl2(g)

r t
(b) In above cases if temperature is increased then what would be the direction of reaction.

x pplacee at 127°C and 5L vessel, ts

SOE r
Q.41 Following reaction takes

r ySO Cl (g) was present at 2 atm, then calculate equilibrium partial pressures
(a) If initiallytonly
SO Cl (g) (g) + Cl (g) K = 1 atm
p e
s x
2 2 2 2 P

i of each
Ebe partial pressure of
(b)eIfm
2 2
gas.
r
after reaching the equilibrium volume of vessel is doubled then what twouldy
Cheach gas at new equilibrium.
e m i s
(c) Calculate vapour density of mixture at new equilibrium.
C h
(d) If inert gas is added at constant volume after attaining new equilibrium till total pressure of mixture
reaches 5 atm then what would be the partial pressure of each gas.

Page # 5
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Q.42 For the following decomposition
N2O4(g) 2NO2(g) KP = 8 atm
r ts
er ts
and also calculate initial pressure of N2O4 if initially only N2O4 was present.
x pe
(a) If equilibrium is established at 16 atm, then calculate partial pressure of NO2 and N2O4 at equilibrium

p E
x try
(b) If volume is changed and new equilibrium is established at 50 atm so what would be the partial
E s
try i
pressure of NO2(g) and N2O4(g) at new equilibrium?

i s em
m Ch
Q.43 For the following equilibrium :
e
Ch
AgCl. NH3(s) AgCl(s) + NH3(g)
(a) What is the effect on partial pressure of NH3 at equilibrium if additional AgCl(s) is added?
(b) What is the effect on partial pressure of NH3 at equilibrium if additional NH3 is pumped into or out
of the system, provided that neither of the two solid phases shown in chemical equation is completely
used up?
ts r ts
r e
(c) What is the effect on partial pressure of NH3 of lowering the tempeature.
e
Q.44 The Equilibirum constantpK for C(s) + CO (g) 2CO(g) is 8 at 1000K and 0.25x at p
E xto react with 22 g of CO in a 1L vessel at 1000K how many
C 2
y E 250 K

produced. tr y
(a) If excess C is allowed 2

i s tr grams of CO are

(b) Howimanys grams of C are consumed? m

(c)eIsm
h e
Ch(d) If a smaller vessel is used for the reaction, will yield of C
the reaction endothermic or exothermic?
CO be greater or smaller.

Q.45(a) Methanol, a liquid fuel that could possibly replace gasoline, can be prepared from water gas and
additional hydrogen at high temperature and pressure in the presence of a suitable catalyst. Write the

r ts
expression for the equilibrium constant for the reversible reaction.
ts
e r
xp pe
2H2 (g) + CO (g) CH3OH (g) H = – 90.2 kJ
(b)

r y E E x
Assume that equilibrium has been established and predict how the concentration of H2, CO and CH3OH will
differ at a new equilibrium if (1) more H2 is added. (2) CO is removed. (3) CH3OH is added. (4) the pressure

i st tr y
on the system is increased. (5) the temperature of the system is increased. (6) more catalyst is added.

e m is a weak base that reacts with water according to the equation i s

h
Q.46 Ammonia
e m
C Will any of the following increase the percent of ammoniaCthathis converted to the ammonium ion in
NH (aq)3+ H O (l)2 NH (aq)4
+
+ OH (aq) –

water?
(a) Addition of NaOH. (b) Addition of HCl. (c) Addition of NH4Cl.

r ts
pe
Q.47 Suggest two ways in which the equilibrium concentration of Ag+ can be reduced in a solution of Na+,

E x
Cl–, Ag+ and NO3–, in contact with solid AgCl.

r
AgCl (s) + Na+ (aq) + NO3– (aq) H = –65.9 kJ ts
t r yTemperature Dependence of Equilibrium Constant
Na+ (aq) + Cl– (aq) + Ag+ (aq) + NO3– (aq)
p e
m is y E x
Q.48 h e acid dimerises when dissolved in Hexane i s t r
C Stearic
m
The equilibrium constant for this reaction is 2800 at 27°C but ite
2C H COOH(Hexane) (C H COOH) (Hexane)
h
17 35 17 35 2
drops to 40 at 47°C. Calculate H° for
the reaction. (ln 70 = 4.25] C
Page # 6
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Q.49 For the synthesis of ammonia from its elements
3H2(g) + N2(g) 2NH3(g)
r ts
e r ts
the equilibrium constant K = 6 × 105 at 300 K and H° = – 24 kCal/mol. Calculate equilibrium constant
x pe
x p
at 600K, assuming no change in H° between 300 K and 600K. [Given : e–20 = 2 × 10–9]

r E
y N (g) +O (g)
r E
y (K)
Q.50 Listed in the table are
k (M is s)
t
forward and reverse rate constants for the reaction 2NO (g)
t
2 2

i s1400
Temperature k (M s ) f
–1 –1

h e m r
–1 –1

m 0.29 1.1 × 10 –6

h e 1500 1.3 C 1.4 × 10 –5

C Is the reaction endothermic or exothermic? Explain in terms of kinetics.

Q.51 Rate of disappearance of the reactant A at two different temperature is given by A B

 d[A]
ts r ts
r pe
= (2×10–2 S–1) [A] – 4 × 10–3 S–1[B] ; 300K
dt
p e x
x
E –16 × 10 [B] ; 400K y E
 d[A ]
r y
= (4×10–2 S–1) [A] –4
t r
sis set up.
dt
st i
Calculateiheat of reaction in the given temperature range. When equilibrium
m
e m h e
Ch
Q.52
Miscellaneous C
For the following equilibrium at 900 K 16
CCl4(g) C(s) + 2Cl2(g) KP = atm
3

r t s
Determine initial pressure of CCl4 that will produce a total pressure of 7 atm.
ts
e
p of C H O : C H O (g) C H (g) + 3CO(g) e r
1E
x
Q.53 Consider the decomposition p
xit is heated to
tr
When a sample ofy 5 6 3 5 6 3 2

y
6

E
mol pure C H O (g) was taken in an evacuated container of 32L and
s r
5 6 3

m i
500 K. The pressure
s t
in the flask rise to 2 atm and remained constant at 500 K.
i
Calculate K for this P

e
reaction.[R = 0.08atm-L-mol K ] –1 –1

h e m
Q.54 In an evacuated container pure solid NH HSe is placed
4 at
Ch
C reaches the equilibrium pressure 0.018 atm due to the reaction.
25°C. Eventually, the pressure above solid

NH4HSe (s) NH3(g) + H2Se(g)

(a) Calculate KP for this reaction at 25°C
(b) In a different container, the partial pressure of NH3(g) in equilibrium with NH4HSe(s) at 25°C is

r ts
0.03 atm. What is the partial pressure of H2Se(g) ?

x pate100°C t s
PHE
Q.55 For the following reaction

r
(a) Calculatetthe
3BCl (s)
3 PH (g) + BCl (g) K = 10 M
3 3 C
–4 2
r
yequilibrium concentration of PH and BCl if a solid sample of PH BClpiseplaced in a
m is at 100°C and decomposes until equilibrium is reached. yEx
closed vessel
3 3 3 3

(b)eIf the flask has a volume of 4L, what is the minimum mass of PH BCl (s)rthat must be added to the
C h i s t 3 3

em
flask to achieve equilibrium.

C h
Page # 7
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

EXERCISE-2 (Objective Questions)

r ts
Only one is correct
er ts x pe
Q.1
p
The equilibrium constant for the reaction,
E
E
N2(g) + O2 (g) x 2NO (g) is 5 × 10–4 at 1500 K.
s try
try i
In the presence of a catalyst the equilibrium is attained 8 times faster. Therefore the equilibrium constant

i s
in presence of catalyst at 1500 K is
em
Ch
5

e m
(A) × 10–4
h the following equilibrium
8
(B) 4 × 10–3 (C) 5 × 10–4 (D) Unpredictable

Q.2 CConsider
H2O(g) + CO(g) H2(g) + CO2(g) K1= 2
FeO(s) + CO(g) Fe(s) + CO2(g) K2= 4
Then K for reaction.
ts r ts
r pe
Fe(s) + H2O(g) FeO(s) + H2(g)
e 1

xp x
(A) 2 (B) 1 (C) (D) 2
2
E
Q.3
stryE
Initially for the equilibrium,
i s try
mi A2(g) + B2(g) 2AB(g)
em
e h
2 moles of A2 was taken in a 2 litre vessel and 2 mole of B2 was taken in a 3 litre vessel. Both vessel

Ch C
were then connected. At equilibrium, concentration of AB(g) is 0.7 M. Equilibrium concentrated of A2
and B2 gases would be
(A) 0.07 M, 0.07 M (B) 0.05 M, 0.05 M
(C) 0.08 M , 0.08 M (D) 0.06 M, 0.06 M

r ts ts
Q.4
e
For the following three reactions 1, 2 and 3, equilibrium constants are given :
r
(1) CO(g) + H2O(g)

E
(2) CH4(g) + H2O(g) xp CO2(g) + H2(g) ; K1
CO(g) + 3H2(g) ; K2
x pe
r y y E
st
(3) CH4(g) + 2H2O(g) CO2(g) + 4H2(g) ; K3
i
Which of the following relations is correct ?
i s tr
em
(A) K1 K 2 = K3 (B) K2K3 = K1
m
(C) K3 = K1K2 (D) K3 · K23K12
h h
Q.5C A definite amount of solid NH HS is placed in a flask already
e
4
C containing ammonia gas at a certain
temperature and 0.50 atm pressure. NH HS decomposes to give NH and H S and at equilibrium total
4 3 2
pressure in flask is 0.84 atm. The equilibrium constant for the reaction is :
(A) 0.30 (B) 0.18 (C) 0.17 (D) 0.11

Q.6
r ts
Some liquid is taken in an evacuated vessel and the vessel is sealed. Which of the following graph will

xpe
correctly represent the achievement of equilibrium of liquid with its vapour at constant temperature?
ts
E
[re = rate of evaporation, rc = rate of condensation ]
y r
is tr re
x rc pe
e m
re rc

ryE
h s t
r

re rc
i
(A) (B) (C) (D) re

C rc
t t
emt t

C h
Page # 8
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Q.7 Sulfide ion in alkaline solution reacts with solid sulfur to form polysulfide ions having formulas
S22-, S32-, S42- and so on. The equilibrium constant for the formation of S22- is 12 ( K1) & for the
r ts
e r ts pe
formation of S32- is 132 (K2 ), both from S and S2-.What is the equilibrium constant for the formation
x
of S32- from S22- and S?
(A) 11
x p
(B) 12 (C) 132
r y E
(D) None of these

In a container tofr1y
E
L which contains 4 mol of NH and 6 moles of H S i ats
t
Q.8
s 3

h e m
number ofimoles of H S that should be added such that at new equilibrium,
equilibrium. Calculate the
2

h m
50%eof its value at previous equilibrium.
2
C
moles of NH decreases by 3

C(A) 20 NH HS(g)
(B) 22
4 NH (g) + H S(g) K = 12
(C) 24
3 2 C
(D) 18

Q.9 One mole of N2O4 (g) at 300 K is left in a closed container under one atm . It is heated to 600 K
ts r ts
r pe
when 20 % by mass of N2O4 (g) decomposes to NO2 (g) . The resultant pressure is :

p
(A) 1.2 atm e
(B) 2.4 atm (C) 2.0 atm (D) 1.0 atm
x
x E
Q.10
stryE
The equilibrium constants K P and K P for the reactions, X
1 2

i s try
2Y and Z P + Q,

mirespectively are in the ratio of 1 : 9. If the degree of dissociation of X and Z be equal then the ratio of total
pressures at these equilibria is :
em
e h
Ch C
(A) 1 : 36 (B) 1 : 1 (C) 1 : 3 (D) 1 : 9

Q.11 When N2O5 is heated at temp. T, it dissociates as N 2 O5 N 2 O 3  O 2 , Kc = 2.5. At the same

time N2O3 also decomposes as : N2O3 N2O + O2. If initially 4.0 moles of N2O5 are taken in 1.0
litre flask and allowed to attain equilibrium, concentration of O2 was formed to be 2.5 M. Equilibrium
concentration of N2O is
r ts ts
e r
xp pe
(A) 1.0 (B) 1.5 (C) 2.166 (D) 0.334

r yE E x
y
Q.12 For the following gases equilibrium :

i st N2O4 (g) 2NO2 (g)

i tr
s12.19 K
e m
Kp is found to be equal to Kc. This is attained when temperature is
m
h (A) 0°C (B) 273 K (C) 1 K
e (D)
C
Q.13 For the reaction;
2NO2(g) 2NO(g) + O2(g)
Ch
Kc = 1.8 × 10–6 at 184° C and R = 0.083 JK–1 mol–1. When Kp and Kc are compared at 184°C, it is
found that :
(A) Kp > Kc
r ts (B) Kp < Kc
(C) Kp = Kc
p e (D) Kp ³ Kc depends upon pressure of gases

Q.14 PCl dissociation aE

x r t s
5
tr y PCl (g) PCl (g) + Cl (g)
closed container as :
p e
i s at equilibrium of the reaction mixture is P and degree of dissociation
5 3 2

E xof PCl is a, the

h m
If total pressure
e pressure of PCl will be : t r y 5

C
partial 3
i s
    2 
(C) h
em (D) P ·      
(A) P ·    1
 
(B) P · 1   
  C P·    1
 
1   
 

Page # 9
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Q.15 For the reaction :
2Hl (g) H2(g) + I2(g),
r ts
r ts
the degree of dissociated (a) of Hl(g) is related to equilibrium constant KP by the expression
e 2K x pe
x p 2K
(D) tr
y E 2 Kp
(A)
1 2 K p

r y E (B)
1 p
(C) 1  2K
p

i s
2
i t
s constant for the reaction
2
e m p 1 2 Kp

m C(g) Ch
Q.16 The equilibrium
e
Cisofh0.25
A(g) + 2B(g)
6 –2 3
dm mol . In a volume of 5 dm , what amount of A must be mixed with 4 mol of B to yield 1 mol
C at equilibrium.
(A) 3 moles (B) 24 moles (C) 26 moles (D) None of these

ts r ts
r pe
Q.17 At total equilibrium pressure P1 atm and P2 atm, N2O4 is dissociated to an extent of 33.33% and 50%
P1
p e x
x E
try
respectively. Ratio of P will be

r y E 2

(A)
3
i st (B)
4
(C)
8
i s (D)
3

em
8 3 3 4

h e m h
Q.18 For
C
the reaction in equilibrium
2NOBr(g) C
2NO(g) + Br (g)
2
if p Br2  P / 9 at equilibrium and P is the total pressure. The ratio KP/P is equal to-
1 1 1 1
(A) (B)
s
(C) (D)
9

er t 81 27 25
ts
Q.19
xp per
A 20.0 litre vessel initially contains 0.50 mole each of H2 and I2 gases. These substances react and finally

ry E E x
reach an equilibrium condition. Calculate the equilibrium concentration of HI if Keq = 49 for the reaction

y
H2 + I2
st
2HI.

i
(A) 0.78 M (B) 0.039 M (C) 0.033 M
tr(D) 0.021 M

Q.20 Ae m of 250 litre was filled with 0.01 mole of Sb S and 0.01 molemof iHsto attain the equilibrium at
Ch440°C as e
vessel

Sb S (s) + 3H (g)
2 3 2
2 3

2Sb (s)C
h
+ 3H S (g). 2
2

After equilibrium the H S formed was analysed by dissolving it in water and treating with excess of Pb 2+
2
to give 1.195 g of PbS (Molecular weight = 239) precipitate.
What is value of Kc of the reaction at 440°C?
(A) 1 (B) 2
r ts (C) 4 (D) None of these

p e
Q.21
x
The equilibrium constant for the reaction CO(g) + H2O(g)
E ts
CO2(g) + H2(g) is 3 at 500 K. In a 2
r
r y pe
litre vessel 60 gm of water gas [equimolar mixture of CO(g) and H2(g)] and 90 gm of steam is initially
t
is
taken. What is the equilibrium concentration of H2(g) at equilibrium (mole/L)?

m
(A) 1.75 (B) 3.5 (C) 1.5
y E x
(D) 0.75

h e tr
sH S (g)what;K will= 7 be× 10the.Ifpartial
C mole of hydrogen and 1.0 mole of sulfur are heated to 87°C ine1.0mLivessel,
Q.22 At 87°C, the following equilibrium is established : H (g) + S(s)
2 2 p
-20.50

pressure of H S at equilibrium?
(A) 0.966 atm
2
(B) 1.38 atm Chatm (D) 9.66 atm
(C) 0.0327 s

Page # 10
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Q.23 For the reaction at equilibrium : A(g) + 2B(g) C(g)
Equilibrium constants as function of temperature are
r ts
K at 300°C 4 × 10–4
er ts x pe
K at 450°C
p
4.5 × 10–5
E
x try
K at 600°C 6 × 10–7
E s
try i
Then

i s
(A) Reaction is exothermic.
em
m Ch
(B) On adding D(g) at constant volume reaction will move towards right. [D(g) is non reactive gas]
e
Ch
(C) Yield of reaction will increase on increasing temperature.
(D) Both (A) and (C)

Q.24 In which of the following reactions, increase in the pressure at constant temperature does not affect the
moles at equliibrium :
ts 1
r ts
r pe
(A) 2NH3(g) N2(g) + 3H2(g) (B) C(g) + O2(g) CO(g)

p e 2
x
x
1
(C) H2(g) + O2(g)
2
H2O(g) (D) H2(g) + I2(g)
ry : E
2HI(g)
yE change at equilibrium will shift reaction in backwardisdirection
r
Q.25 Which of thetfollowing
s(aq) + SCN (aq) Fe(SCN) (aq) t
m i
Fe 3+ – 2+
e m
e h
Ch(B) Addition of KOH(aq) [Fe(OH) is insoluble in water] C
(A) Addition of water
3
(C) Addition of NaNO (s) 3
(D) (A) and (B) both

Q.26
r ts
The conditions favourable for the reaction :
ts
e r
xp pe
2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) ; H° = – 198 kJ
are :

r y E E x
y
(A) low temperature, high pressure
st
(B) any value of T and P

i
(C) low temperature and low pressure
tr
(D) high temperature and high pressure
i s
e mfollowing equilibrium in a closed rigid vessel. m
C h
Q.27 For the
h e
A (g)
D (g)
B (g) + C (g)
E (g) + B (g) C
If some E (g) is introduced into the vessel, then at the new equilibrium.
(A) [A] increases (B) [C] decreases (C) [A] decreases (D) [B] increases

Q.28
r ts
Densities of diamond and graphite are 3.5 and 2.3 gm/mL.
C (diamond)
xpe C (graphite)
favourable conditions for formation of diamond are
rH = –1.9 kJ/mole

ts
yE r
r pe
(A) high pressure and low temperature (B) low pressure and high temperature

i s t
(C) high pressure and high temperature
x
(D) low pressure and low temperature

e m r E
yrigid container and an
h
Q.29 The
C inert
equilibrium SO Cl (g)
s t
SO (g) + Cl (g) is attained at 25°C in a closed
gas, helium is introduced. Which of the following statements is/areicorrect.
2 2 2 2

(A) concentrations of SO , Cl and SO Cl do not change

2 2 2 2
h em
(B) more chlorine is formed
(C) concentration of SO is reduced
2
C
(D) more SO2Cl2 is formed
Page # 11
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Q.30 The yield of product in the reaction
2A(g) + B(g) 2C(g) + Q kJ
r ts
would be lower at :
e r ts x pe
x p
(A) low temperature and low pressure
(C) low temperature and to high pressure
r y
(D) high temperature & low pressureE
(B) high temperature & high pressure

r E
y is established at 727°C : i s t
i s t
Q.31 Following equilibrium
e m
e m SO (g) + O (g) Ch
1

CAthequilibrium pressure is 1.2 atm and density of mixture is 0.9 gm/litre.

SO (g) 3 2 2
2

The degree of dissociation of SO3(g) is - [Given : R = 0.08 atm-litre-mol–1 K–1]

1 2
ts 1 1
r ts
r pe
(A) (B) (C) (D)
3
p e3 4 5
x
x E
try
Q.32 An exothermic reaction is represented by the graph :

ryE
i st i s
he m hem(D)
C
(A) (B) (C)
C
Q.33 For the reversible reaction :
N2(g) + 3H2(g)
s
2NH3(g)

r t
at 500°C. The value of Kp is 1.44 × 10–5, when partial pressure is measured in atmospheres. The
e ts
xp
corresponding value of Kc with concentration in mol L–1 is :
per
r y E
(A) 1.44 × 10–5 /(0.082 × 500)2
(C) 1.44 × 10–5 /(0.082 × 500)2
(B) 1.44 × 10–5 /(8.314 × 773)2
(D) 1.44 × 10–5 /(0.082 × 773)–2
E x
i t
stemperature, tr y NO
e
Q.34 At constant
i
mis expressed by K = 4x P/(1 – x ) where P is pressure, x is extent sdecomposition. Which of
the equilibrium constant (K ) for the decomposition reaction.
h2NO 2 2
e
P
m of
hwith increase of x
2 4

C (A) K increases with increase of P

2 P
the following
P
statement is true ?

(C) K increases with decrease of x

C
(B) K increasesP
(D) K remains constant with change in P or x
P P

Q.35 Consider the following equilibrium in a closed container :

r ts N2O4(g) 2NO2(g).

pe
At a fixed temperature, the volume of the reaction container is halved. For this change, which of the
x ts
following statements holds true regarding the equilibrium constant (KP) and degree of dissociation (a) :
yE r
r pe
(A) Neither KP nor a changes (B) Both KP and a change

i s t
(C) KP changes, but a does not change (D) KP does not change, but a changes
x
m
ethe reaction2NaNO r y E
h
Q.36 For
C
:
i t
sO (g) at new equilibrium is
em
(s) 3 2NaNO (s) + O (g),
2 2
the only correct change in equilibrium condition to increase the moles of
(A) addition of some NaNO (s) at initial equilibrium
3
(B) removal of some NaNO (s) at initial equilibrium C h 2

2
(C) increase in pressure on system at initial equilibrium
(D) increase in available space over solids at initial equilibrium. Page # 12
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Q.37 Which of the following equilibria is not affected by change in volume of the flask –
(A) PCl5 (g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g) (B) N2(g) + 3H2 (g) 2NH3(g)
r ts
(C) N2 (g) + O2 (g)
r t
2NO (g)s (D) SO2Cl2 (g) SO2(g) + Cl2(g)
e of N O (g) and NO (g) are 2 atm and 4 atmyE x pe
x p
st2.48r pressure
Q.38 The equilibrium partial pressure respectively. If the
volume of container E
2 4 2

(A) 0.24 atm try (B) 1.24 atm i

is doubled at fixed temperature then new equilibrium partial of N O (g).
2 4

i s (C) 0.76 atm

e m (D)

h equilibrium-
atm

e m C
h Chemical equilibrium can be attained, whether we start with reactants or products.
Q.39 Which one of the following statements is incorrect about chemical
C(A) (B) Chemical equilibrium is dynamic in nature.
(C) Chemical equilibrium CaCO3(s) CaO(s) + CO2(g) is attained when CaCO3(s) is heated in
an open vessel.
ts r ts
r pe
(D) At equilibrium concentration of each of the reactants and products become constant.

p e x
x E
try
More than one may be correct

ryE
Q.40 For the reaction PCl5(g) PCl3(g) + Cl2(g), the forward reaction at constant temperature is favoured by

i st
(A) introducing an inert gas at constant volume
i s
em(B) introducing chlorine gas at constant volume
hem
Ch C
(C) introducing an inert gas at constant pressure
(D) introducing PCl5 at constant volume.

Q.41 For a general substance A the phase diagram is represented as shown. Identify the option(s) which is/are
correct :

r ts ts
pe r
yEPx 1atm
x pe
tr ryE
is
–3

t
5×10 atm

em i s
h em
C Ch
200K 400K 500K
T(Kelvin)
(A) Triple point of the substance is (200 K and 3.8 mm of Hg)
(B) Standard boiling point of the substance should be slightly less than 400K.
(C) Above 500K, gas - liquid transition can not occur without change in temperature.

r ts
(D) Melting point of the substance will increase with increase in pressure.

Q.42 For following equilibrium :p

e
NE
x 2
PNO
r ts
y pe
2

r
O (g) 2NO (g) KP =
t PN 2O4
2 4 2

i s
Graph between P Vs a is given.
total

E x
h e m try
s
PTotal

C (atm)
i
P1 = 100 atm
hem
P2

0.3
C 0.4

Where Ptotal = Total pressure at equilibrium Page # 13
 = degree of dissociation ( << 1)
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
(A) value of KP is 36 atm.
(B) value of P2 is 56.25 atm.
r ts
e r t s pe
(C) If total pressure is increased at equilibrium then reaction will move in backward direction.
x
p
(D) On increasing temperature degree of dissociation of N2O4(g) will increase.
xfor the following equilibria : H O (s) H O(l)tresultr E
yin the :
(A) formationtofrmore
E
y H O (s)
Q.43 Decrease in the pressure 2
s
(B) formation of more HiO(l)
2

i sin melting point of H O(s) (D) decrease inhmelting

2
e mpoint of H O(s)
2

h m
(C) increase
e 2
C
2

C
Assertion Reason :

Q.44 Statement -1 : Total number of moles in a closed system at new equilibrium is less than the old equilibrium
if some amount of a substance is removed from a system
ts r ts
r pe
(consider a reaction A(g) B(g) ) at equilibrium.

p e x
x E
try
Statement -2 : Equilibrium constant of the reaction is changed by removing some amount of a susbstance

ryE at equilibrium.

i st i s
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.

em em
(B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
h
Ch C
(C) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.
(D) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.

Q.45 Statement-1 : Ammonia at a pressure of 10 atm and CO2 at a pressure of 20 atm are introduced
into an evacuated chamber. If Kp for the reaction

r ts
NH2COONH4 (s)
ts
2NH3 (g) + CO2 (g) is 2020 atm3, the total pressure
e r
xp pe
after a long time is less than 30 atm.

ryE E x
y
Statement-2 :
st
Equilibrium can be attained from both directions.

i tr
(A) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is correct explanation for statement-1.
i s
em (B) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is true and statement-2 is NOT the correct explanation for statement-1.
m
Ch e
(C) Statement-1 is true, statement-2 is false.
(D) Statement-1 is false, statement-2 is true.

Comprehension :
Ch
Paragraph for question nos. 46 to 47

r t s
If density of a gaseous mixture of dinitrogen tetroxide (N2O4) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is 2.5 gm/L at

p e
127° C and 1 atm pressure. [R = 0.08 atm lit/mole-K]

Q.46 Partial pressure of E

x r ts
(A) 0.62 atmtr y N O is :
2 4
(D) 0.26 atm pe
i s (B) 0.47 atm (C) 0.74 atm
E x
m
Q.47 Kefor
tr y
Ch(A) 0.90 s(D) 0.009
N O (g) l 2NO is :
P 2 4 2
i
em
(B) 0.09 (C) 9.0

C h
Page # 14
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Paragraph for Question no. 48 to 50

r ts
er ts
Heterogenous equilibria is established in a closed rigid vessel at 1000 K
x pe
p CS2(g) C(s) + S2(g) K = 10
E
x try
Q.48 If initially S2(g) is taken at 11 atm with excess of C(s) then pressure of S2(g) & CS2(g) at equilibrium will
E s
try i
be respectively.

i s
(A) 10 atm, 1 atm (B) 1 atm, 10 atm
m
(C) 5 atm, 0.5 atm
e
(D) 20 atm, 2 atm

h(are) made at equilibrium

e m
h Increase in temperature
Q.49 Reaction C
will move in forward direction if following change(s) is
C(A)
(B) Addition of inert gas at constant pressure
(C) Removal of some CS2(g) present at equilibrium
(D) Increase in total pressure
t s r ts
atr
Q.50 Calculate volume of vessel ife
p e
[Take R = 0.08 atm litre p x
equilibrium total moles of CS (g) and S (g) are 22.
x
2 2

y E
–1
K mol ] –1

r y E
(A) 40 litre
st r (B) 80 litre (C) 16 litre (D)
i s t
160 litre

m i e m
e h
Ch C

r ts ts
e r
E xp x pe
ry yE
i st i s tr
em m
Ch Ch
e

r ts
xpe ts
yE r
is tr x pe
em ryE
C h i s t
hem
C
Page # 15
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Match the column :
Q.51 Column I Column II
r ts
(A) KP < KC
e r ts (P) N2 + 3H2 2NH3
x pe
Introduction of inertp E
xwill decrease try
(B) gas at (Q) PCl5 (g) PCl3 (g) + Cl2 (g)

r E
y of reactants
constant pressure
i s
i s t
the concentration
em
(C)em is dimensionless Ch(g) N O (g)
C(D)h Temperature increase will shift
K oP (R) 2NO 2 2 4

(S) NH3 (g) + HI (g) NH4I (s)

the reaction on product side.

ts r ts
r pe
Q.52 For the given endothermic reaction

p e A(g) 2 B(g)
x
x E
try
The variation in concentration due to different changes is plotted. In column II various changes are given

ryE
and you are supposed to match the entries in column-I with possible changes the system have undergone.

i st i
Neglect the slope of change in concentration when system approaches equilibrium. s
em Assume that changes are carried out very fast.
hem
Ch C
Concentration

r ts ts
e r
E xp x pe
r y yE
i st i s tr
mColumn I
effect-I effect-II effect-III effect-IV

e Time
m
Ch ) e
Column II
(The effect ish

(A) Effect-I (P)

C
Addition of inert gas at constant pressure

(B) Effect-II (Q) Decrease in total equilibrium pressure by changing

r ts volume.

(C) Effect-III
xpe (R)
t
Decreases in temperature at constant volume
s
r y E Addition of B only at constant volume pe
r
(D)
i st
Effect-IV (S)
E x
h e m t r yvolume
C
(T)
s
Addition of inert gas at constant
i
h em
C
Page # 16
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

ANSWER KEY
r ts
r ts EXERCISE-1
e (g) True(c) True x pe
Q.1 (a) False
p
(b) Ture (d) True
E
(e) True
E x
(f) True
s try
i s , K = [O ]
PO3 2
try [O ] 2
3
, K = [NHe]m
i
Ch
(b) KP = PNH3  PH 2S
Q.2
em
(a) KP =
PO2 3 C
3
2 C 3[H S]
2

Ch [Ag(NH ) ]
(c) KC =
3 2

(d) KPC =
[H  ][Cl  ]
(e) KPC =
PH 2  [ Zn 2 ]
[Ag  ][ NH3 ]2 PHCl [H  ]2

ts [OH  ][HCO 3 ]
r ts
er pe
(f) KC = [Ca+2] [F–]2 (g) KC =
[CO 32 ]
x p E x
=E
(a) Dn = 2 ; K y (c) K = K (RT) ry
Q.3
st
g
r K (RT) P (b) K = K (RT)
C
2

i s t (d) K = K
P C
5
P C
2
P C

m i e m
(a)e16 h
1

Ch C
Q.4 atm (b) atm –2 (c) 10 atm –1/2
Q.5 K = 7.2 –20 –1
× 10 atm ; K = 0.237 M –5 –2 –2
2 P C

4
Q.6 KC = 29.45 Q.7 KP = atm
90

r ts ts
Q.8
e
(a) 2 atm (b) PCl3 PCl5 and Cl2 = 1 atm
p N = 0.1 M H O = 1.2 M er
–1 x
E19.2 atm; p = 0.3 RT = 7.2 atm x p
y
Q.9 (a) 2.5 M (b) H = 0.3M,

s tr
2 2

ryE2

p m
i
(c) p = 0.8
NO RT = H2

i s t
h e = 0.1 RT = 2.4 atm; p
N2 H 2O
e m
= 1.2 RT = 1.2 × 0.08 × 300 = 28.8 atm

C (a) 3.5 atm (b) atm (c) M

Q.10
2
7
Q.11 (a)C
1
84
h gm; (b) 12.8 gm
0.0432

1 10 15
Q.12 5 atm Q.13 PCO 2 = = atm
KP 6

r ts
e
Q.14 Br2 = 0.4 M , Cl2 = 0.4 M, BrCl =1.2M Q.15 (a) 12 atm (b) 16 atm

(c)p
Q.16 (a) 0.04 M (b) 1.3 atm x s
y E Mass of NOBr in original sample = 16.5 gm
er t
s t r x p
10i atm = 2.1E
2
Q.17 3.2 ×m
h e
–2 3 Q.18 (a) atm (b) P = 0.1, P
tr y NH3

s
5 HCl

C i
m 50%
Q.19 53.33% Q.20 K = 0.01 atm
h eQ.21 p

Q.22 K = 0.4, a ~ 0.1

P Q.23 0.97 atm C Q.24 2.7 g / L
Page # 17
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM
Q.25 (a) KP = 1.74 atm1/2 (b) 0.77

r ts
r ts p e
Q.26 (a) 8.33 × 10–3 M (b) n NO2 = 0.0556; n N 2O4
p e = 0.3722
x
(c) 10.27 atm (d) 6.95 %
E
E x tr y
y
Q.27 K = 2.5 atm, P = 15 atm Q.28 4.54 g dm
s
–3
p

s tr m i
i e
Ch
Q.29 (a) K = 10 3

e m P

CQh=
PN 2  PO 2 2 10
= = 2 × 10 > K 5
P 2
PNO (0.01) 2 P

Reaction moves in backward direction.

PN 2  PO 2

0.1 10
ts r ts
r pe
(b) QP = = 0.01 < KP
e
2
PNO 10 2

x p
Reaction moves in forward direction.
E x
(c) Q = t
s ry E PN 2  PO 2

50  8
i s try
m iP 2
PNO
=1<K
20 2 P

em
h e Reaction moves in forward direction.
C h
C
Q.30 (a) YES (b) YES (c) NO (d) YES

Q.31 31/27
r ts Q.32 22.4 mg Q.33 PH 2O = 5 × 10-15 atm

ts
e r
Q.34 0.821 atm
E xp Q.35 0.379 atm
x pe
r y yE
Q.36
i st
PCS2 = 1.284 atm, PS2 = 0.1365 atm

i s tr
Q.37 (i) Km
h e –5 2
= 8.1 × 10 mol L ; K = 4.91 × 10
c
2
p
–2 2
atm (ii) Noeffect;
e m
C
Q.38 9.34 g Ch
Q.39 (a) No effect (b) Forward reaction (c) Forward reaction
(d) Forward reaction (e) Forward reaction

r ts
pe
Q.40 (a) P  V 

E x
(i) Forward (ii) No effect (iii) Backward (iv) Backward
r ts
r y
(b) (i) Backward (ii) Forward (iii) Forward (iv) Forward
t pe
Q.41
m is
(a) 1 atm of each
yE x
h e P = 0.4 atm; P  P i s tr
C (c) Vapour density = 41.975 42
(b) SO 2Cl2 SO 2 Cl 2 = 0.62 atm

hem
(d) PSO 2Cl2 = 0.4 atm; PSO 2  PCl 2 = 0.62 atm
C
Page # 18
 CHEMICAL EQUILIBRIUM

Q.42 (a) PNO2 = 8 atm, PN2O4 = 8 atm; Initial PN2O4 = 12 atm

r ts
e r ts
(b) PNO2 = 16.4 atm, PN2O4 = 33.6 atm
x pe
p
x (c) P will decrease r yE
y E
Q.43 (a) no effect (b) No change
r
NH3
i s t
i t
s (b) 4.92 gm e m
e m
Q.44 (a) 22.96 gm (c) Endothermic
C
as h K
on T  es

C(d)hQ If then Q  ie reaction moves backward and yield of CO decreases.

C

1
 V
V

Q.45 (a) K = [CH3OH]/[H2]2[CO] ,

ts r ts
er pe
(b) 1. [H2] increase, [CO] decrease, [CH3OH] increase ; 2. [H2] increase, [CO] decrease, [CH3OH]

x p x
decrease ; 3. [H2] increase, [CO] increase, [CH3OH] increase ; 4. [H2] increase, [CO] increase,
E
ry E t r y
[CH3OH] increase ; 5. [H2] increase, [CO] increase, [CH3OH] decrease ; 6. no change

i st i s
Q.46 b

em h em
Q.47 h C Cool the solution.
C Add NaCl or some other salt that produces Cl in the solution.
–

Q.48 – 40.8 KCal Q.49 1.2 × 10–3

Q.50
r ts
kr increase more than kf, this means that Ea (reverse) is greater than Ea (forward). The reaction is
ts
pe 5 atm
exothermic when Ea (reverse) > Ea (forward).
xQ.52 per
Q.51 16.06 kJ
r yE Q.53
E
10.54 × 10–2 atm3 x
st atm (b) 2.7 × 10
Q.54 (a) 8.1 ×i10 r
Q.55 (a) 10 M, 10 M t(b)
y6.06 gm
e m
–5 2 –3 atm
i s
–2 –2

m
Ch EXERCISE-2
Ch
e
Q.1 C Q.2 C Q.3 B Q.4 C Q.5 D Q.6 C Q.7 A

Q.8 A Q.9 B Q.10 A Q.11 D Q.12 D Q.13 A Q.14 A

Cts
r
Q.15 D Q.16
p e C Q.17 Q.18 B Q.19 B Q.20 A Q.21 A

E x r ts
Q.22 A Q.23 A
t r y Q.24 D Q.25 D Q.26 A Q.27 C
e D
Q.28
pQ.35
C

Q.29 A
mis D Q.31 B
Q.30 Q.32 A Q.33 D
E
Q.34x D
yABC Q.42 ABCD
Q.36 h
e Q.37 C Q.38 C Q.40 CD s
i t r
C D Q.39 C
m
Q.41

eB Q.48 A Q.49 A
Q.43 AC Q.44 D Q.45 D Q.46 C
C h
Q.47

Q.50 D Q.51 (A) P,R,S (B) P,Q,R,S (C) P,Q,R,S (D) Q

Page # 19
Q.52 (A) S (B) T (C) P,Q (D) R