ETHICS

LUGO, FRANCHESCA NICOLE Y.

BSP 3A

MR. KENNETH SUNGA

DIRECTION: Mark the level of your knowledge or understanding of the answers to the questions in the table using the symbols: 0 for no
knowledge, + for a low level of knowledge, ++ for an average or moderate level of knowledge, +++ for a high level of knowledge. Put the
symbols under the right column. Be honest of your answers for yourself and for others. If you will not be honest, everyone loses. If you will
be honest, everyone wins.

QUESTIONS LEVEL OF KNOWDLEDGE

 A being who’s capable of moral evaluation
1. WHO IS THE MORAL AGENT?  Maintains own values of truthfulness, moral courage, benevolence, trustworthiness,
(+++) and moral autonomy
 Refuse to perform acts that violate personal code of ethics

2. WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS  Willing to “listen to reason”

OF A MORAL AGENT?  Willing to act on the results of deliberation
(+++)

3. WHAT IS THE CONCEPT OF A Is a large grouping that shares the same geographical territory, shares a common culture
SOCIETY? and social structure, and expected to abide by the same laws
(+++)

Society deals with the means of social order of the community we have while ethics deals
4. WHAT IS THE RELATIONSHIP OF with the study of moral order in a society. There is no society if there is no moral order.
ETHICS AND SOCIETY? Therefore, the foundation of any society depends on the moral values of people and their
(+++) perspective concept of what is good and bad in human relationships

Is shared values, norms, traditions, customs, history, and beliefs of a group of people.
5. WHAT IS CULTURE? Culture shapes how people experience their world, make decisions about quality of life,
(+++) work and how people relate to others.
6. WHAT IS THE ROLE OF CULTURE IN
MORAL BEHAVIOR?
(+++)
7. WHAT IS MORAL CHARACTER?
(+++)
8. WHAT IS IMPORTANCE OF BEING
MORAL AGENT IN THE SOCIETY?
(+++)
9. WHAT IS CULTURAL RELATIVISM?
(+++)
10. ARE THERE AN ASIAN AND A
FILIPINO UNDERSTANDING OF
MORAL BEHAVIOR?
(+++)
Different cultures have different idea about ethical behavior. In people, we depend on the
ethics and moral values that we have on out culture. Hence, what is really “right” or
“wrong” is completely determined by the culture in which a person lives
Consists of the virtues needed for ethical behavior, positive relationships, and responsible
citizenship. Moral character honors the interests of others, so that we do not violate moral
values as we pursue our performance goals
Being a moral agent is important because you are able to build commitments, moral
stance, and relations to other hence you develop specific attitudes on certain ethical
dilemma.
Objective analysis of other cultures, understanding a culture’s belief and practices from
that culture’s point of view. “Right” and “wrong” are culture-specific; what is considered
immoral in another, and since no universal standard of morality exists, no one has the
right to judge another society’s customs.
Another tradition of thinking about the good has surfaced that is worth considering for a
fuller understanding of how people orient their lives to the good. This tradition comes
from the great civilizations of the east, particularly from India and China. Many people in
the Philippines are deeply influenced by or have great commonalties in their ethical way of
thinking with these traditions. Asian Traditions have the following: religious thought is
intertwined with philosophical and ethical thinking, love and compassion binds these
intellectual traditions, and connectedness of personal cultivation and social responsibility.
DIRECTION: CULTURAL BUCKET LIST: List additional 2 countries which are included in your bucket list. Research on the following
cultural practices and contrast how these are exercised in the Philippines. Complete the table below:

CULTURAL PRACTICE
GREETINGS TABLE MANNERS DATING CIRCUMCISION BURIAL
 Konnichiwa (Hi; EATING ETIQUETTE: When Japanese In Japan, routine Compared to the
Good afternoon.) couples start going male circumcision majority of
 Ohayō  Sitting. Typically the out, in a lot of cases, has never been western nations,
gozaimasu/ Japanese eat at low dining the relationship is implemented for Japan usually
Ohayō (Good tables and sit on a cushion proceeded by what's newborns and cremates their
morning placed on tatami floor (a called a "confession". children, and dead instead of

JAPAN [formal/informal])
 Konbanwa (Good
reed-like mat). In formal
situations both men and
This is where one
partner tells the
adult males are
mostly
putting them in
the ground. In a
evening) Say Ohayō women kneel (“seiza”), other their feelings circumcised at Japanese style
gozaimasu to your while in casual situations and asks to date aesthetic clinics. cremation, the
superior instead of the men sit cross-legged them. This is the However, media coffin is placed on
Ohayō . And don't and women sit with both point from where the reports indicate a a tray in the
forget to bow when legs to one side. relationship begins. trend of Japanese crematorium. The
you greet him. In Japan, people mothers willing to family then
 Chopsticks. Many Japanese often go out for have their sons witnesses the
traditions concerning table lunch or tea just as circumcised. sliding of the
manners surround the use friends. body into the
of chopsticks. Not only cremation
should they be held chamber,
correctly, one must never scarring small
leave chopsticks standing children for life.
vertically in their bowl of
food, as this resembles an
offering made at funerals.
One must also refrain from
eating directly from a
communal dish, and should
 try not to hover with their
chopsticks when deciding
on what to eat next.

 Honor. The most important

person at each meal sits on
the seat of honour – known
as “kamiza”. The kamiza is
placed farthest from the
entrance to the room where
the meal is held. If there is
tokonoma in the room (a
built-in recessed space),
guests sit in front of it. The
host sits at the middle of the
table on one side.

 Towels. In restaurants and

bars a hot steamed towel
(“oshibori”) is offered so
you can clean your hands.
Do not wipe your face with
the towel. At home it’s
expected people wash their
hands before starting a
meal.

CULTURAL PRACTICE
GREETINGS TABLE MANNERS DATING CIRCUMCISION BURIAL
 The most  Whenever you are out for  Meeting singles Most of the Koreans Korean
common way to a company outing in any country said that they were funerals are
greet in South involving food, it’s can be a circumcised during usually held in
Korea is with a important to be seated daunting task. the summer and hospitals or
bow. The casual based on the social That’s why in winter breaks, homesteads.
bow is a dip of ranking of the group. The Korea, most of mainly because Confucianist
the head with younger or lower-ranked cupid’s work is they had to be at customs
eyes closed, member of the group you done through home for at least a ensure a
sometimes are, the closer to the door friends. Instead week after the smooth
accompanied by you should sit, and only of leaving things operation. Some of transition for a
a slight bend after your elders have up to chance them have been loved one into
from the waist. already sat down. As you encounters circumcised before the afterlife.
This type of can probably guess, this is (which can 18 years old and Modern
greeting is used also true if you’re visiting result in some had not heard funerals are
when informally the family of a significant murderous of circumcision usually held in
greeting other or a friend — rank strangers), until they were well the hospital.
someone or refers to social rank as Koreans prefer into adulthood, Koreans
walking past well as rank within a potential mates which again choose their
someone of a professional environment. to have a suggests that loved one's
higher status. reference to circumcision is a hospital based
 Once you’re seated for make sure both very recent on the funeral
dinner, it’s also common of you will be (to phenomenon in services
courtesy to let those older some degree) a Korean history. available.
than you to begin eating match.
first before you get started
on enjoying your delicious  Public displays
meal. That’s why Koreans of affection in
make an effort to ask your Korea isn’t as
age early on — it gives open as it may
them an idea of where you be in other parts
stand in situations like of the world.
this, so they can interact Although the
with you without younger
disrespecting you or generation’s
 making you mentality is
uncomfortable. undergoing a
change, many
 Before taking your first Koreans are still
bite, it’s important to say not open to
that you will eat well, as a kissing in public.
way of acknowledging that
you are looking forward to  Couple culture is
the meal you are about to huge in Korea,
have. In Korean, this is and if you’re
expressed with the words here with your
Jalmeokgesseumnida (잘 Korean shorty,
먹겠습니다), which in you’ll have the
English would translate to chance to enjoy
‘I will eat well’. all the perks of
being part of a
 Try to manage eating at couple in Korea.
the same pace as those To the dismay of
around you. If you notice lonely single
that you are going to be people in Korea,
finished with your food couple shirts are
while everyone is still on all the rage and
their first few bits, you are very visible
might want to slow it anywhere you
down. go.

 Unlike in many other

Asian countries, in Korea,
it’s unusual to lift your rice
or soup bowl while eating
your meal. Please keep it
on the table throughout
the meal, and use your
 spoon to eat the rice
instead of chopsticks.

 When dining in Korea,

there is even specific
utensil etiquette that you
should observe. You
should hold your spoon
and chopsticks in different
hands. Also, try using only
one utensil at the time —
this usually means that
you’ll decrease the
likelihood of spilling food
on yourself as well.
 CULTURAL PRACTICE
GREETINGS TABLE MANNERS DATING CIRCUMCISION BURIAL
 Filipino Greetings.  In some Philippine Dating in the Circumcision in On the day of a
In the Philippines, restaurants (the more Philippines, the Philippines, as Filipino funeral, a
both men and authentic and usually especially now, is practiced today, is hearse takes the
women often greet downscale places), no somewhat a mixture not a religious casket to the
one another by utensils at all are used. of the traditional and rite. Circumcision church in a
shaking hands. Avoid using your left hand modern Filipino is also not funeral
When one places for any kind of eating, dating culture. practiced by a procession. After
his or her hand on especially if you are eating Filipinos still follow majority of the funeral

PHILIPPINE
the forehead of
another, this is a
sign of respect. But
directly with your hands
and not using utensils.
the traditional dating
etiquette which is
called Panliligaw or
Christians
worldwide. The
practice appears
service and mass
are concluded, a
hearse takes the
as a rule touching,  What do you do when no in other worlds, to be traceable as casket to the
especially men utensils are offered? Why, courting. being pre- cemetery for the
touching women, is eat with your fingers, of Hispanic period in burial. For nine
not well regarded course! Many think it makes nature. days after the
by Filipinos. the experience more fun, burial, also
maybe because you're known as a
 There is no direct adding an extra sense to an novena,
translation to already very sensory mourners say
Filipino, so people experience: the sense of prayers such as
in the Philippines touch. This food is known the rosary.
say "hi" or "hello" as "banana-leaf" food:
in English. You can wonderful vegetarian or
ask "kumusta?" meat curries, served with
instead which rice and sauce on a large
means "how are banana leaf. No plates, no
you?" forks, no spoons, no
chopsticks.
 Dining etiquette for using
your hands. Use your right
hand when picking up and
 eating food. Keep your left
hand at your side.

 If you absolutely cannot eat

without some kind of
utensil, it's usually all right
to ask for spoons in such
establishments. The
proprietors are more than
pleased to accommodate
Westerners.