ALLIED SEMINAR LECTURE-2

Value Engineering- Ms. Ami Mangaldas

Varun Vashi, 38
Dushyant Wagh, 40
Aditya Samant, 41
Class Summary- Value Engineering

Project dynamics(L) and parties involved(R) in the process

CLIENT

OWNER TEAM

SUB-
CONSULTANT
CONTRACTOR
PROJECT

CONTRACTOR
DESIGN TEAM
TEAM
ARCHITECT
CONTRACTOR Or/And
ENGINEER
Steps and Phases of Value Engineering
PLANNING
- Program Review
- Perform Functional Analysis of
Facility
- Obtain Owner/Users definition
value
- Define Key Criterias and
objectives for project
- Verify/Validate Proposed
Program
- Review Master Plan Utility
Options.
- Offer Alternative Solutions
- Verify if Budget is Adequate for
developed program.
DESIGN
- Proposed Design Solutions are
Reviewed
- Cost estimates are discussed
- Proposed Implementation
Schedule and Approach are
overseen
- With a view to implementing the
best value for money.
APPROACH
Broken down further into many more
phases:-
1. INFORMATION PHASE
2. SPECULATION (CREATIVE) PHASE
3. EVALUATION (ANALYSIS) PHASE
4. DEVELOPMENT PHASE (VALUE
MANAGEMENT PROPOSALS)
5. PRESENTATION PHASE
(REPORT/ORAL PRESENTATION)
Approach -Understand the background and decisions that influence the design.
-Analyse key functional issues governing the project
INFORMATION PHASE
-Define Owner’s objective and key criteria governing the project
-Define Owner’s definition of value

-VE Team thinks of as many ways as possible to provide necessary function within the project
-Judgement of Ideas is prohibited
SPECULATION PHASE
-VE Team looks for quantity and association of ideas which will be screened in the next
Listing of Creative Ideas phase
-Many of the ideas brought forth in this phase are a result of work in functional analysis

-Defines Criteria for Evaluation

-Analysis and Judgement of ideas resulting from the creative session, impractical
EVALUATION PHASE ideas are discarded, ideas with potential for cost savings are developed further.
-Weighted Evaluation is applied in some cases to account for impacts other than
costs

DEVELOPMENT PHASE -Description of recommended design change

-Descriptive evaluations of advantages and disadvantages of the proposed
Ideas are expanded into
recommendation
workable solutions. -Cost comparison and life cycle cost calculations

-Presentation of recommendations in the form of a written report

-Briefing/Oral Presentation is made to the client/end users and
PRESENTATION PHASE design team.
-Final decisions are taken with respect to which value engineered
proposal is to be selected.
 Case Study

The Capital, G Block, BKC

Fact File

Status Complete

Cost 500 crore

Height-Roof 200 ft (78.625 m)

Typical Floor Area 65,000 sq. ft.

Total Area 1,200,000 sq. ft.

Complex Function Mixed Use-Office, Retail and Hospitality

Construction Period 2008-2012

Floor Count BASEMENT(20), G+19

Lifts/Elevators 18
Site & Location Plan
Structural Consultant Mahimtura Consultants Pvt Ltd
The Capital is a building situated in Plot No C-70, G Block of the
Structural Contractor PPSL (part of Capacit’e Group) Bandra Kurla Complex, Bandra (E):the international Finance &
Business Centre of Mumbai. The Capital was constructed by
Parking Number 700-1000 Wadhwa Developers and designed by James Law(Cybertecture).
Concept
Comprehensive sustainable concept of form and function have inspired
the design of the building and its urban context as never before in India.
The extensive use of computer simulations has an important role to play in
the design of these buildings, able to withstand the challenges that are
faced.

The “Cybertecture” is the ultimate expression of innovative art combined

with functional needs, taking into consideration the environment and
humanity.

This is the philosophy of the architect James Law, a combination of

innovation and technology with the urban fabric of a conscious and
environmentally sustainable manner. The Mirror Cybertecture and
Cybertecture Nodal Points are some of the significant innovations of the
architect. Integrating technology enables energy efficient buildings,
which change as they change vital parameters of the building to adapt
to real-time data.

The purpose of Law is the creation of high-tech buildings that are healthy
and ecologically balanced environment to live, work or play.

Located in the heart of BKC, The Capital has a cutting edge and
contemporary facade eternal, while the interiors have a rich color palette
and textures.
Ground Floor Plan
Existing Value Added Features
1. Automated parking system
a. One innovation in the design of the building is the smart parking system. Using internet and a card system, occupants can enter
the system and order your car from the office to have it in the door and shortening the lap time. The parking lot is for 900 Plus
cars. R.C.C. There are 2 basement levels (about 16 m depth) provided for the car park
2. Natural light and sober specialty led lighting
a. At the podium level, diffusers installed at the ceiling level reflected natural light into the atrium which significantly reduces the
lighting energy demand, in order to keep power- consumption to a minimum.
b. There are sparkling LED stripes protruded on the facade of “The capital” do not only act as an urban information display device,
but also play the role of sun shading devices.
c. The Capital’s architectural positioning and low solar co-efficient double-glazed glass exterior ensures that it gets adequate
daylight of 79.2% for regular occupied spaces.
d. An incredible stepped-in glazed valley façade is created at the West elevation of the building. The facade is stepped while
each floor supported by feature columns and cantilevered in a way that the building itself act as a shading device.
3. Intelligent and high-speed elevator system
a. Equipped with a Compass System to optimize the waiting time considering the active traffic at all times; providing an efficient
vertical transport system with 16 numbers of high speed elevators .
4. Building USP LEED certified gold building with an AAA- grading and achieving over 80% efficiency simultaneously.
a. Eco-friendly provisions that enable 35% increased energy-efficiency over conventional buildings!
5. The quality of the air in the building is 30% higher than the requirement specified by ASHRAE 62.1
6. Health services equipped with innovative technology GROHE offer the highest level of sustainability, efficiency and design on
each floor.
Construction Methodology- Up Down Construction

The up down construction methodology means you can

work in the substructure and the superstructure at the
simultaneously.

Adopting this system of construction resulted in fast progress.

Refer Photograph 4 below, shows erection of full height
structural steel columns in the basement.

After carrying out mass excavation structural built-up column

spanning triple floor height with cross bracing, ultimately
embedded in R.C. C. slabs were erected till the ground floor.

A self supporting decking system was then provided at

ground level and then construction activity in the
substructure as well as for the superstructure was taken up
simultaneously.
Construction- Oval ring beam and elliptical egg

Two independent structures, a dia-grid structure within ring beam:

A three dimensional oval structural steel skeleton hollow circular
pipes 320 mm dia intermediate and 850 x 850 square outer
peripheral ring using 60 mm thick steel plates forms the dia-grid
within the ring spanning 78 m.

The ring beam & supporting columns in such a way that it does
not obstruct the view and symmetry of the structural arrangement

All the intermediate slabs are supported over the edge ring beam.
These ring beams, cast in segment are fully supported by staging
till the time the ring beam is complete and the concrete matures.
The details of the R.C.C. ring beam are as follows ……..

- Shape : Elliptical in vertical plane.

- Diameter along major axis : 71.00 meter
- Diameter Inclined to horizontal at 20 degrees.
- Diameter along minor axis : 46.00 meter
- Diameter Inclined to vertical at 20 degrees. HOLLOW CIRCULAR PIPES PERIPHERAL RING
- Elliptical profile ring beam : Peripheral lowest point of
elliptical profile ring beam starting between the 3rd & 4th
floor and highest point of ring beam in between 13th &
14th floor.
Foundation Used- Foolproof shoring system
A foolproof sacrificial shoring pile system in form of 750 mm dia
cast in situ RCC bored piles of 21 m length and spaced 100 mm
apart

These piles are anchored using pre stressed inclined rock

anchors at two levels and of 75 T and 60 T respectively.

Provision of the shoring system added to the building cost but

at the same time it was a totally hassle free and continuous
work when the construction started.
Flat floor plates: The floor plates were designed using Post
Tensioned (PT) concrete construction even for the max span of
11.0 m.

Flat floor plates without any drop or beam (only flat edge beam)
projection are provided for the user to make use of full floor to
floor height

A floor to floor height above ground floor is 3.9 m with PT slab

could be achieved in major portion of floors.

Use of Post tensioned concrete slabs above 4th floor with high
grade concrete made it possible to span large column free spans.

Flat slab with clean soffit

Structural System- The structural system comprise of central RC
core walls to resist lateral and gravity loads. Composite
columns are designed to resist gravity load. The post tensioned
RC flat slabs provides a clean slab soffit and minimum number
of 8 columns facilitated clear / wider floor giving flexible
interiors place.

A conventional beam – slab system, there would have been

beam / drop panel projection seen in different zones which
would have further result in reduced clear floor height below
the beams, thereby reducing the intrinsic value of the office
space.

Minimum obstruction of columns due to larger grid & Possibility

of creating smaller office units: Large ‘column free’ spaces are
provided by restricting cloumn spacing to 9.8 m as well as the
column sizing. Composite column with high grade structural
steel S-355 plates and concrete reduced column sizes
significantly resulting in less column obstruction providing more
carpet area to the end user.
Alternative
● Construction Techniques
Precast construction, a highly efficient, practical method of
concrete construction makes beautiful buildings possible at a
cost that rivals even the most utilitarian industrial building.

Design-Build Efficiency
Precast concrete offers an efficient delivery model for your
project; allowing building construction to proceed while
the design is developed.

Aesthetically Versatile
Precast concrete can take nearly any shape or size, be manufactured in virtually any
color and comes in a wide variety of finishes. With precast, you are limited only by your
imagination.

Low Maintenance
The exterior of a precast concrete structure can be left unpainted without damage
from the elements. If painting is desired, repainting is needed only every five to ten
years. Precast concrete interiors are less subject to damage and easier to wash.
Reduced Costs
Precast concrete products are manufactured off-site, under roof
and are delivered ready to install when needed. This innovative
process compresses project schedules, reduces safety concerns,
reduces site disruption and reduces overall project costs by
requiring fewer trades for construction and fewer people on site.
A study established that precast concrete slabs were on average
23.22% cheaper than the cast-in-place concrete elements and
precast columns were averagely 21.4% less than cast-in-place
concrete columns.

Environment Resistant
Precast concrete structures provide superior resistance to fires,
natural disasters, insects and mold. Like no other building material,
its resistance to rain, wind damage, earthquakes, termites and
decay provides lower maintenance and insurance costs. It can
also withstand many winters of freeze-thaw cycles better than
other building materials.

Thermal Efficient
Costs associated with heating and cooling can be greatly
reduced through concrete thermal mass benefits. Reduced peak
heating and cooling loads can be achieved because concrete
reacts slowly to changes in outside temperature.
Facade and Function

The large oval shape in front of the building, not only serves to
identify it as a construction out of the ordinary, but inside has a
large LED screen media communication providing shade which
hangs inward while news projected that the public is on the
outside.

The entrance lobby is defined with a large green canopy that

increases the only aspect of the building. The green garden is
developed throughout the building with natural indoor waterfalls
that help to cool the air.

From the top of a valley architectural modeling, the financial

center welcomes visitors with an atrium that rises 10 levels and
ends up falling in the large lobby of 74.3m2, with 3 height levels
featuring cafés, bars and high-end restaurants or other more
affordable, while “egg” of the facade, offers a magnificent view
of the park and city. The Capital has art systems and facilities such
as automated parking, a gym, spacious and modern toilets on all
floors and equipped offices more high tech devices, with varying
surfaces and adapted to the requirements of customers.
Materials
● The main materials used in the super-structure are reinforced concrete, steel and reinforced glass. The structure is mainly using the
composite steel sections. Such structures in steel shall propagate an idea of steel buildings encouraging the Green Building
concept.
● The innovative design of the building’s skin, with integrated intelligent environmental technologies and high isolation dual front
transparent glass optimizes the overall energy efficiency by approximately 80 % compared to conventional office buildings, due to
the maximum simultaneous use of daylight, fresh optimized air management and treatment of wastewater and stormwater sewer
without creating.
● The Spot cooling system adopted in the atrium avoids unnecessary cooling load. Openable windows in office floors allow natural
and cross ventilation in daily operation while Natural waterfalls and greenery in the atrium also help improve the natural cooling
effect
● There are natural waterfalls and vegetations situated on both sides of the sky lobby. They enhance the cooling effect of the atrium.
People can also enjoy the beautiful scenery in this communal space.
● Glass cladding systems adopting internal and external coating PVDF(Polyvinylidene Fluoride) coating on the outside glazing
minimizes UV and make the front easier to maintain, while the ceiling diffusers reflect natural light in the atrium reaching the lowest
level of the podium, reducing demand for lighting.
Alternative- Metal panels and Glass

Another alternative to the traditional glass panels is the metal

metal mesh panels.

A mix of the glass and metal panels can act as a perfect

alternative for this structure.

The metal mesh also helps to incorporate a touch of green in the

building.

Perforated metal panels don’t have to come in standard regular

mesh-like forms.

The perforations could be of any size and shape, and they could
form a sort of a pattern or a figure to mark the facade and give it
an aesthetic appeal.
An automatic irrigation-cum-fertigation system can be installed,
arranged by stations at each level with controls based on plants
water demand.

Additionally, the positioning of species on the various facades was

also determined with regards to tolerance of direct sunlight (or the
lack of, when in the shadows of surrounding towers), as well as the
rate of growth of each climbing species, to target quick general
coverage of the building, randomly but not completely.
Conclusions and Inferences
1. The Capital has created an impact on the area in general bringing the nodal development in Bandra Kurla Complex into
international limelight as a hub for many business head quarters thereby attracting more investment in the ‘Dollar’ terms in India.
2. In regards to use of steel in building the trend set up in the capital, a commercial building is now shifting toward the residential
zones also wherein the developers are seriously thinking of having residential buildings in structural steel in view of the advantage
the steel structure can offer.
3. Today the bench marks for High quality Standard is set with construction of ‘The capital’. An efficient building sustainable design
concept is implemented on this project keeping in view the Green Building concept by using blended Cement, Structural steel
and a new trend of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC) in Indian construction Industry.
4. The extensive and thoughtful use of Glass on the faced, enveloping the entire building gives a pleasing aesthetic to the building.
This is a boost to the Indian glass industry from India’s self reliance in the Glass sector and from an economic growth point of
view.
5. The Capital is probably first of its kind in Mumbai with limited space but with an efficient car park arrangement thereby reducing
the land requirement in urban cities like Mumbai.
6. With cutting-edge systems and facilities like: automated parking, stunningly designed grand-arrival lobby, sky lobby with Cafes,
intelligent Elevator-System, state-of-the-art security surveillance and the list goes on. The Capital is the ultimate enriched
work-environment! – Its design is guaranteed to reduce life-cycle costs and improve staff productivity!