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g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\af6 k|yd ;+zf]wg :jLs[t ldltM @)&@.)$.#@
g]kfn ;/sf/ dlGqkl/ifb\af6 bf]>f] ;+zf]wg :jLs[t ldltM @)&$.)%.)*
ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwgdf pRr lzIff ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)%(
k|:tfjgf M s'g} ljb]zL ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 ;DaGwg lnP/ g]kfndf * :gfts tx jf ;f] eGbf dflyNnf]
txsf] lzIf0f ;+:yf ;~rfng ug]{ sfo{nfO{ Jojl:yt / lgolGqt u/fpg jf~5gLo ePsf]n] of] lgb]{lzsf agfO{ hf/L
u/]sf] 5 .
kl/R5]b — !
k|f/lDes
!= ;+lIfKt gfd / k|f/DeM
-s_ o; lgb]{lzsfsf] gfd æljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwgdf pRr lzIff ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf,
@)%(Æ /x]sf] 5 .
-v_ of] lgb]{lzsf t'?Gt k|f/De x'g]5 .
@= kl/efiffM ljifo jf k|;+un] csf]{ cy{ gnfu]df of] lgb]{lzsfdf,
* -s_ ædGqfnoÆ eGgfn] lzIff dGqfno ;Demg'kb{5 .
* -v_ æljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] ;DalGwt b]zsf] k|rlnt sfg"g adf]lhd :jLs[lt÷u'0f:t/ ;'lglZrttf
QAA / Accreditation k|fKt u/]sf] ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yf ;Demg' kb{5 .
* -u_ æ;ldltÆ eGgfn] bkmf ^ adf]lhd ul7t pRr:t/Lo d"Nofª\sg tyf cg'udg ;ldlt ;Demg' kb{5
.
* -3_ ælzIf0f ;+:yfÆ eGgfn] lab]zL ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 ;DaGwg lnP/ g]kfndf :gfts tx
jf ;f] eGbf dflyNnf] txsf] lzIff lbOg] u/L vf]lnPsf] ;+:yf jf sDkgL ;Demg'kb{5 .
-ª_ æ;lrjfnoÆ eGgfn] dGqfnodf /x]sf] ;ldltsf] ;lrjfno ;Demg' kb{5 .
* -r_ æz}lIfs sfo{qmdÆ eGgfn] :gfts tx jf ;f]eGbf dflysf] z}lIfs sfo{qmdnfO{ ;Demg' kb{5 .
* kl/R5]b— @
cg'dlt ;DaGwL Joj:yf
#= -!_ ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 ;DaGwg lnO{ z}lIfs sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ rfxg] s'g} klg
lzIf0f ;+:yfn] dGqfnoaf6 cg'dlt lnP/ dfq sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ ;Sg] 5g\ .
-@_ ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 ;DaGwg lnP/ g]kfndf pRr lzIff k|bfg ug]{ u/L lzIf0f ;+:yf ;~rfng
ug{ rfxg] s'g}klg ;+:yf jf sDkgLn] ;~rfng cg'dlt k|flKtsf nflu cg';"rL ! adf]lhdsf] 9fFrfdf
dGqfno ;dIf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-#_ pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhd cg'dltsf nflu cfj]bg ubf{ k|To]s sfo{qmdsf nflu kfFr nfv ¿k}+of /fhZj
bflvnf u/L Ps k6sdf a9Ldf b'O{ sfo{qmdsf nflu dfq cfj]bg ug{ ;Sg]5g\ .
-$_ o; cl3 cfj]bg ul/;s]sf ;+:yfx¿sf] xsdf pkbkmf -%_ df plNnlvt sfuhft ;+nUg ug'{ kg]{5
. o;/L sfo{qmd ;~rfng cg'dlt k|bfg ug]{ lg0f{o ePdf To:tf] ;+:yfn] k|lt sfo{qmd Ps nfvsf
b/n] yk /fhZj bflvnf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-%_ ;~rfng cg'dlt k|flKtsf nflu lgj]bg k]z ubf{ lgDg ljj/0f tyf sfuhftx¿ ;+nUg ug'{kg]{ 5 M
-s_ ;DalGwt lzIf0f ;+:yf sDkgLdf btf{ u/]sf] k|df0f kqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk, ;f] sDkgLsf]
k|aGw kq / lgodfjnLsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk,
-v_ :yfoL n]vf gDj/ k|df0fkq, s/r'Qmf / n]vf k/LIf0f k|ltj]bgsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk,
* पहिलो सं शोधनद्वारा सं शोधधत
दोश्रो सं शोधनद्वारा सं शोधधत
1
-u_ ljb]zL ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yf / g]kfndf lzIf0f ;+:yf ;~rfng ug]{ ;+:yf jf sDkgL
aLr ePsf] ;Demf}tf kq (Agreeement) jf ;dembf/L kq (Memorendom of
Understanding) sf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk,
-3_ ;DaGwg lbg] ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yf sfg"g adf]lhd :yflkt ePsf] ;DaGwL k|df0fsf]
k|ltlnlk,
-ª_ ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yfnfO{ ljb]zdf z}lIfs ;+:yfx¿nfO{ ;DaGwg k|bfg ug{ ;Sg]
clwsf/ /x]sf] Joxf]/f v'n]sf] k|df0fsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk,
-r_ ;DalGwt b]zsf] u'0f:t/ ;DaGwL dfkb08 k"/f u/]sf] Joxf]/f v'n]sf] ;DalGwt b]zsf] s"6g}lts
lgof]u jf ;DalGwt dGqfnoaf6 k|dfl0ft u/]sf] kq jf u'0f:t/ ;'lglZrttf k|Tofog
(QAA/Accreditation ) k|df0fkqsf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk,
-5_ ;DalGwt ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] pkflw jf k|df0f kqnfO{ g]kfnsf] s'g} ljZjljBfno jf s'g}
:jLs[lt k|fKt ;+:yfn] ;dsIftf lbPsf] eP ;f]sf] k|dfl0ft k|ltlnlk,
-h_ lzIf0f ;+:yf ;~rfngsf nflu cfjZos ef}lts tyf z}lIfs k"jf{wf/x¿sf] ljj/0f,
-em_ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ ;Demf}tf ug]{ ljb]zL ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;~rfng ul/g]
sfo{qmd, ;~rfng cjlw, ljifox¿, lzIf0f tx, kf7\os|d, qm]l86 cfj/, kf7\oef/ / k/LIff
k|0ffnLsf ;DaGwdf cflwsfl/s kq,
-`_ lgj]bg b:t'/ jfkt k|lt sfo{qmd kfFr nfv ¿k}+of /fhZj bflvnf u/]sf] ;Ssn} ef}r/,
-6_ ;~rfng cg'dltsf nflu cfj]bg ug]{ ;+:yfn] pk/f]Qm ljj/0f tyf sfuhft ;lxt z}lIfs,
cfly{s, ef}lts, ef}uf]lns, hg3gTj, hgzlQm / ;DefJotf ;d]tsf] lj:t[t k|:tfj,
-7_ ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yf ljb]zdf sfg"gtM ;DaGwg lj:tf/ ug{ ;Sg]
(Terriotorial Jurisdicton Abord) clwsf/ k|fKt u/]sf] ;DaGwL k|df0f,
-8_ University Ranking ;DaGwdf Tim'es Higher Education
(www.timeshighereducation.co.uk) / Shanghai Jiaotong Ranking
(www.shanghairanking.com) sf] jl/otfdf /x]sf pTs[i7 !))) -Psxhf/_ leq ;DaGwg
k|bfos ljZjljBfno /x]sf] ;DaGwL ljj/0f,
-^_ ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] Pp6f sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf nflu lhNnfut ?kdf b'O{
eGbf a9L lzIf0f ;+:yfnfO{ ;~rfng cg'dlt k|bfg ul/g] 5}g .
-^s=_ of] pkbkmf k|f/De eP kl5 Pp6} ljZjljBfnosf] ;DaGwgdf Ps k|b]zdf tLgj6f eGbf a9L ;+:yfnfO{
sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf] cg'dlt k|bfg ul/g] 5}g .
-&_ ;~rfng cg'dltsf nflu lhNnfut ?kdf b'O{ eGbf a9L lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] cfj]bg btf{ ul/g] 5}g . t/ of]
bkmf nfu" x'g'cl3 cg'dltsf] nflu cfj]bg lbPsf b'O{ eGbf a9L lzIf0f ;+:yf Ps} lhNnfdf ePsf] cj:yfdf
To:tf lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿nfO{ lhNnfut ?kdf a9Ldf b'O{ lzIf0f ;+:yf ;~rfng ug{ kfpg] u/L ;~rfng
cg'dlt lbOg] 5 .
t/ o; cl3 g} ;~rfng cg'dlt k|flKtsf nflu lgj]bg k]z u/]sf lzIf0f ;+:yfsf xsdf lgj]bg btf{sf]
k|fyldstfqmdsf cfwf/df sf/jfxL ul/g] 5 ;fy} Pp6f lhNnfdf b'O{ eGbf j9L lzIf0f ;+:yfnfO{ cg'dlt
lbg] ljifodf ;ldltn] To:tf] z}lIfs sfo{qmdnfO{ Jojl:yt ug{ z}lIfs gS;fÍgsf cfwf/df cfjZostfg';f/
cg'dlt k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-*_ dfyL h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg o; cufj} cfj]bg u/L ;~rfng cg'dlt k|fKt u/]sf ;+:yfnfO{ k"gM
;f]xL lgj]bgsf cfwf/df yk ljifosf] ;~rfng cg'dlt k|bfg ul/g] 5}g .
-(_ ;~rfng cg'dlt k|bfg ug]{ ;DaGwL k|lqmof b]xfo cg';f/ x'g]5M
-s_ ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df dGqfnon] jif{sf] Ps k6s gofF cfj]bgsf nflu ;fj{hlgs ;"rgf k|sfzg ug{
;Sg]5 .
* पहिलो सं शोधनद्वारा सं शोधधत
दोश्रो सं शोधनद्वारा सं शोधधत
2
-v_ gofF cfj]bgsf nflu ;"rgf k|sflzt ePkl5 bkmf # sf] pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhd cfj]bg ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ ;ldltn] dGqfnodf k|fKt x'g cfPsf cfj]bg pk/ o; lgb]{lzsfn] tf]s]sf dfkb08 tyf ;t{x¿sf
cfwf/df qmd};+u k|f/lDes 5fglag ug]{5 . ;ldltn] k|f/lDes 5fglagsf nflu ;ldltsf ;b:o
dWo]af6 Ps hgf ;+of]hs / slDtdf # hgf ljifo lj1 ;d]t a9Ldf % hgf ;b:o /x]sf] k|f/lDes
5fglag pk–;ldlt u7g ug]{]5 .
-3_ k|f/lDes 5fgljg pk–;ldltn] cfkm\gf] 5fgljgsf] /fo l;kmfl/; ;lxtsf] k|ltj]bg ;ldltdf k]z ug'{kg]{
kg]{5 .
-ª_ k|f/lDes 5fglag pk;ldltaf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bgsf cfwf/df ;ldltn] ;f] ;+:yfsf] :ynut lg/LIf0fsf
nflu ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L ;d]t /x]sf] :ynut lg/LIf0f 6f]nLnfO{ cg'udgsf nflu v6fpg] 5 . o;/L
:ynut lg/LIf0f cg'udgdf vl6O{ hfg] ;ldltsf kbflwsf/L Pjd\ sd{rf/Lx¿nfO{ cy{ dGqfnoaf6
:jLs[t gD;{ adf]lhd cg'udg, b}lgs tyf e|d0f eQf k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
-r_ :ynut lg/LIf0f 6f]nLsf] l;kmfl/;sf cfwf/df pQm lzIf0f ;+:yfnfO{ ;~rfng cg'dlt lbg pko'Qm
b]lvPdf ;ldltn] dGqfno ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug'{ kg]{5 .
-5_ ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;sf] cfwf/df dGqfnon] ;DalGwt ;+:yfnfO{ cg';"rL–@ adf]lhdsf] sa'lnotgfdf
u/fO{ cg';"rL–# adf]lhdsf ;t{x¿ tf]ls cg';"rL–$ adf]lhd sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ cg'dlt lbg
;Sg]5 .
$= ;Demf}tf kq (Agreeement) jf ;dembf/Lkq (Memorendom of Understanding) df b]xfosf ljifox¿
v'n]sf] x'g' kg]{ 5M
-s_ ;DalGwt lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿n] g]kfn ;/sf/sf] gLlt tyf sfg'gaf6 lgb]{lzt x'g] u/L JoQm u/]sf]
lnlvt k|ltj4tf,
-v_ lzIfs tflnd jf ;Lk x:tfGt/0f tyf k'g{tfhuL tflnd k|bfg ug]{ ljifo,
-u_ lzIf0f ;+:yf aGb ePdf cWoog/t ljBfyL{sf] cWoog ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{
ljZjljBfnon] k"/f ug{' kg]{ ljifo,
-3_ ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ ;+:yfaf6 ePsf] lgoldt cg'udgsf] k|ltj]bg dGqfno ;dIf k]z
ug{' kg]{ ljifo,
-ª_ ;DaGwg k|bfg u/]sf] sfo{qmdsf] gfd, cjlw, kf7\oqmd, qm]l86, kf7\oef/, d'NofÍg
tyf k/LIff k|0ffnL ;DjlGw ljifo,
-r_ qm]l86 6«fG;km/sf] ljifo,
-5_ u'0f:t/ k|Tofog ;DjlGw ljifo / ;f]sf] k|df0f,
-h_ cfkm\gf] b]z eGbf jflx/ ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ ;DjGwL ljifo /
-em_ ljZjljBfno :yfkgf ePsf] b]zsf] sfg"g cg';f/ ljZjljBfno :yfkgf ePsf] ljifo .
%= dfyL h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg bkmf # sf] pkbkmf -%_ sf] v08 -8_ df plNnlvt ;+:yfx¿sf] !)))
leqsf] al/otfdf gk/]sf] t/ u'0f:t/Lo ljZjljBfno ePtf klg pQm jl/otf leq hfg grfx]sf] jf guPsf]
jf g/x]sf] ljZjljBfno eP ;f]sf] k|df0f k]z ug{' kg]{5 t/ To:tf] k|df0f k]z x'g g;s]df dGqfnon] ;DaGwg
lbg] ljZjljBfnosf] pTs[i6tf ;DjGwdf g]kfn ;/sf/, k//fi6« dGqfno dfkm{t g]kfnL /fhb'tfjf; jf
;DalGwt b]zsf] lzIff dGqfno jf cGo lgsfo jf ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]u jf dGqfnon] plrt 7fg]sf]
lgsfosf] l;kmfl/;sf cfwf/df u'0f:t/Lo b]lvPdf To:tf] ljZjljBfnosf] ;DaGwgdf z}lIfs sfo{qmd
;~rfng ug]{ cg'dlt lbg jfwf k/]sf] dflgg] 5}g .
%s= lzIf0f ;+:yfn] sfo{qmd ;+rfngsf nflu k]z u/]sf] ;DaGwg k|bfos ljZjljBfno;Fusf] ;Demf}tf jf
;dembf/L kqsf] cflwsfl/stfsf ;DaGwdf dGqfnon] g]kfn ;/sf/ k//fi6« dGqfno dfkm{t g]kfnL
/fhb'tfjf; jf l;w} ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ ljZjljBfno;Fu a'em\g ;Sg]5 .
kl/R5]b —$
lg/LIf0f tyf cg'udg
&= -!_ ;+rflnt lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] z}lIfs :t/ d"Nofª\sg ug{ ;ldltn] ;do ;dodf ljz]if pk–;ldlt u7g ug{
;Sg]5 .
* पहिलो सं शोधनद्वारा सं शोधधत
दोश्रो सं शोधनद्वारा सं शोधधत
4
-@_ lzIf0f ;+:yfx?sf] z}lIfs :t/ / cGo sfo{s|dsf] lg/LIf0f tyf cg'udg ug{ ul7t ljz]if pk ;ldltn]
jif{df slDtdf Ps k6s ;DjlGwt lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] lg/LIf0f u/L ;ldlt ;dIf k|ltj]bg k]z ug'{kg{]5 .
* -#_ dGqfnon] bkmf * sf] pkbkmf -!_ adf]lhdsf] ;"rLdf /x]sf lj1 ;d]t ;+nUg /x]sf]
6f]nLn] ;~rfngdf /x]sf] lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] h'g;'s} avt cg'udg ug{ u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
*-$_ dGqfnon] v6fPsf] cg'udg 6f]nLn] cfjZos b]v]sf] h'g;'s} clen]v pknAw u/fpg'
lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] st{Jo x'g]5 . To:tf] clen]v pknAw gu/fPdf dGqfnoaf6 k|bfg ul/Psf] ;~rfng
cg'dlt vf/]h ug{ ;lsg] 5 .
* -%_ cg'udg 6f]nLsf] ;dGjosf nflu cfjZostf cg';f/sf sd{rf/LnfO{ dGqfnon] v6fpg] 5 .
* -^_ cg'udgsf nflu :ynut ?kdf vl6O hfg] lj1 tyf sd{rf/LnfO{ cy{ dGqfnosf] gD;{ cg';f/ cg'udg
Pjd\ e|d0f eQf k|bfg ul/g] 5 .
* -&_ cg'udgdf hfg] 6f]nLn] ;DalGwt lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] :ynut cg'udg u/L cg';"rL– & adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg
dGqfno ;dIf k]z ug'{kg{]5 .
* -*_ cg'udg 6f]nLaf6 k|fKt k|ltj]bgdf lzIf0f ;+:yfn] k"/f ug'{kg]{ u/L pNn]v ePsf
ljifoa:t'x¿ eP ;ldlt ;dIf k]z u/L k|fKt l;kmfl/; cg';f/ dGqfnon] To:tf lzIf0f ;+:yfnfO{
cfjZos lgb]{zg lbg ;Sg]5 .
* -(_ dfyL h'g;'s} s'/f n]lvPsf] eP tfklg cfkm\gf ljz]if1 sd{rf/LnfO{ h'g;'s} avt
dGqfnon] cg'udgsf nflu v6fpg ;Sg]5 .Æ
* kl/R5]b— %
gljs/0f ;DaGwL Joj:yf
*= -!_ cg'dlt k|fKt u/L ;~rfngdf /x]sf] lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;~rfng cg'dlt gljs/0fsf nflu :ynut
cg'udg lg/LIf0f ug{ dGqfnon] ljZjljBfnosf k|fWofks / ;xk|fWofksx¿ /x]sf] lj1x¿sf] ;"rL -
Roaster_ tof/ ug]{5 . ljZjljBfnoaf6 l;kmfl/; eO{ cPsf cfwf/df /f]i6/df /xg] lj1x¿sf] 5gf}6 ul/g]
5.
-@_ lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿sf] ;~rfng cg'dlt gljs/0f k|of]hgsf lgldQ ul/g] cg'udg lg/LIf0fsf nflu ;"rL
/x]sf lj1 ;d]t ;+nUg x'g] u/L cg'udg 6f]nL u7g ul/g] 5 . cg'udg tyf lg/LIf0f 6f]nLsf] ;dGjosf
nflu cfjZostf cg';f/sf sd{rf/LnfO{ dGqfnon] v6fpg] ;Sg] 5 .
-#_ :ynut ?kdf vl6O hfg] lj1 tyf sd{rf/LnfO{ cy{ dGqfnosf] gD;{ cg';f/ cg'udg Pjd\ e|d0f
eQf lbOg]5 .
-$_ cg'udg lg/LIf0f 6f]nLn] lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] cg'udg u/L cg';"rL–& adf]lhdsf] k|ltj]bg ;ldlt ;dIf
k]z ug'{ kg{]5 .
-%_ lg/LIf0f tyf cg'udg 6f]nLn] k]z u/]sf] k|ltj]bg / k|lt ljBfyL{ ?= !%)).– sf b/n] /fhZj /sd bflvnf
u/]sf cfwf/df ;ldltn] ;~rfng cg'dlt gljs/0f ug{ dGqfno ;dIf l;kmfl/; ug{ ;Sg]5 . o;/L
;ldltaf6 k|fKt l;kmfl/;sf cfwf/df dGqfnon] ;DalGwt lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿sf] :jLs[t sfo{qmdsf] kfFr jif{
cjlwsf nflu ;~rfng cg'dlt gljs/0f ug{ ;Sg]5 .
-^_ cg'dlt k|fKt u/L ;~rfngdf /x]sf] lzIf0f ;+:yfn] k|To]s jif{ df3 d;fGtleq lgodfg';f/sf] /fhZj
bflvnf ug{' kg]{5, ;fy} ;~rfng cg'dlt k|fKt ;+:yfn] gljs/0f k|of]hgsf nflu cg';"rL–^ adf]lhdsf]
9fFrfdf lgj]bg lbg' kg]{5 .
-^s=_ pkbkmf -^_ adf]lhd gljs/0fsf nflu cfj]bg gug]{ lzIf0f ;+:yfn] k|lt dlxgf k|lt sfo{qmd bz
xhf/ ¿k}+of cltl/Qm z'Ns a'emfO{ gljs/0fsf nflu @)&$ ;fn df3 d;fGt leqdf cfj]bg ug{ ;Sg]5 .
;f] cjlw leq gljs/0fsf nflu cfj]bg gug]{ lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] cg'dlt :jtM vf/]h ePsf] x'g]5 .
* (s= ljZjljBfno÷lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwg, ;+:yfsf] gfd, sfo{qmdsf] gfd tyf sfo{qmd ;~rfng :yfg kl/jt{g
;DaGwL Joj:yfM
* (u= ef}lts k"jf{wf/ ;DaGwL Joj:yfM -!_ ;~rfng cg'dlt k|fKt ug{sf nflu lzIf0f ;+:yfn] b]xfo adf]lhdsf
ef}lts k"jf{wf/x¿ k"/f u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ 5 M
-s_ lzIf0f ;+:yf :yfkgf Pjd\ ;~rfngsf nflu cg';"lr–% df plNnlvt hg/n gD;{ adf]lhdsf
k"jf{wf/x¿ k"/f u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-v_ gofF cfj]bg lbg] ;+:yfn] sf7df8f}+ pkTosfdf eP slDtdf ! /f]kgL, kxf8df eP # /f]kgL / t/fO{df
eP # s7\7f hldg ;+:yfs} gfddf k|fKt u/]sf] x'g' kg]{5 . ;f] b]lv jfx]s dfkb08 cg'?ksf] yk hUuf
slDtdf !) jif{sf] nflu lnhdf lnO{ ;~rfng ug{ kfOg] 5 .
-u_ o; cl3 ;~rfng cg'dlt k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yf / ;~rfng cg'dltsf nflu cfj]bg u/]sf ;+:yfx¿sf]
xsdf ;d]t ;~rfng cg'dlt kfPsf] !) jif{ leq dfkb08 adf]lhdsf] hldg ;+:yfs} gfddf k|fKt
u/]sf] x'g kg]{5 . ;fy} To:tf lzIf0f ;+:yfn] a9Ldf !% jif{ leq cfkm\g} :jfldTjdf /x]sf] hldgdf ejg
lgdf{0f u/L sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ o;/L pRr lzIff ;~rfng ug]{ lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] z}lIfs ejg, sIff sf]7f g]kfn ;/sf/af6 :jLs[t
ejg ;+lxtf cg'?k ePsf] x'g' kg]{5 .
-ª_ bkmf (u sf] pkbkmf -!_ sf] v08 -v_ / v08 -u_ adf]lhdsf] hUuf dGqfnosf] :jLs[lt ljgf ljqmL
ug{, C0f lng / w/f}6L /fVg gkfpg] u/L dfnkf]t sfof{noaf6 /f]Ssf /flvg] 5 . s'g} sf/0fj; lzIf0f
;+:yfn] ljBfyL{sf] cWoog k"/f gu/]df w/f}6Lsf] cltl/Qm o;/L /f]Ssf /fv]sf] hUuf dGqfnon] lnnfd
j9fj9 u/L k|fKt /sdaf6 cWoog/t ljBfyL{sf] cWoog k"/f u/fpg ;Sg]5 .
-r_ o; bkmfdf n]lvPsf] ef}lts k"jf{wf/sf] Joj:yfdf sfo{qmd yk ug]{ ;+:yfn] ;f]xL cg'kftdf hUuf
nufotsf ef}lts k"jf{wf/x¿sf] Joj:yf ug{' kg]{ 5 .
* (3= 5fqj[lQ ;DaGwL Joj:yfM ;~rfng cg'dlt k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfn] 5fqj[lQdf cWoogsf] nflu b]xfosf] Joj:yf
ug'{ kg]{5 M–
-s_ ;~rfng cg'dlt k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfn] :jb]zL nufgLstf{ eP s"n Ifdtfsf] sfo{qmdut cfwf/df k|To]s
sfo{qmddf !) k|ltzt / ljb]zL nufgLstf{ eP k|To]s sfo{qmddf @) k|ltzt l;6 5fqj[lQ g]kfn
;/sf/nfO{ pknAw u/fpg' kg]{5 .
-v_ o;/L k|fKt x'g] 5fqj[lQ sf]6fdf ;DalGwt lzIf0f ;+:yfn] lng] egf{ k/LIff pQL0f{ u/]sf cfwf/df h]x]Gbf/,
ljkGg, dlxnf, hghflt, dw]zL, blnt, ckf+u, lk5l8Psf] If]qsf JolQmx¿ ;d]t ;ldl6g] u/L
5fqj[lQsf] Joj:yf ug'{ kg]{5 .
-u_ o;/L k|bfg ul/Psf] 5fqj[lQ ljt/0fsf] cWofjlws ljj/0f ;~rfng cg'dlt gljs/0fsf] lgj]bg;fy
clgjfo{ ?kdf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
-3_ lzIf0f ;+:yfn] 5fqj[lQdf cWoog ug{] ljBfyL{x¿af6 dGqfnon] tf]lslbPsf] zLif{sdf dfq z'Ns lng
;Sg]5 .
-ª_ o; bkmf adf]lhd 5fqj[lt k|bfg ul/Psf] ljj/0f ljZjljBfno cg'bfg cfof]unfO{ ;d]t pknJw u/fpg'
kg]{5 . Æ
kl/R5]b— &
ljljw
!)= -!_o; lgb]{lzsf cg'?k cg'dlt kfO{ ;~rfng ePsf z}lIfs ;+:yfnfO{ g]kfn ;/sf/n] s'g} klg lsl;dsf]
ef}lts tyf cfly{s ;xof]u pknAw u/fpg afWo x'g] 5}g .
* -@_ o; cl3 g} ;~rfng cg'dltsf nflu lgj]bg lbPsf ;+:yfx¿sf] xsdf of] lgb]{lzsfsf] klxnf] ;+zf]wg
:jLs[t eO{ nfu" ePkl5 ;DaGwg k|bfos ljZjljBfno oyfjt /fvL jf kl/jt{g ug]{ u/L ;+:yfx?n]
lgj]bg k]z ug{ kfpg] u/L dGqfnon] ;f] ;DaGwL ;"rgf /fli6«o b}lgs klqsfdf k|sfzg ug]{5 . To;/L
;"rgf k|sflzt ePsf] ldltn] ^) lbgleq bkmf # sf] pkbkmf -%_ adf]lhdsf sfuhft ;+nUg u/L
dGqfno ;dIf lnlvt lgj]bg lbg'kg]{ 5 . ;f] cjlwleq lnlvt lgj]bg glbPdf o; k"j{ btf{ ul/Psf]]
;~rfng cg'dlt cfj]bg :jtM /2 x'g]5 .Æ
* -#_ ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ lgsfon] ;~rfng cg'dlt k|fKt u/]sf lzIf0f ;+:yfdf eP u/]sf]
cg'udgsf] k|ltj]bg clgjfo{ ?kdf dGqfno ;dIf k]z ug'{ kg]{5 .
* -$_ ;~rfng cg'dlt k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfdf cWoog/t ljBfyL{x¿sf] jfx\o k/LIff ;DaGwL
hfgsf/L dGqfnonfO{ u/fpg' kg]{5 . dGqfnon] To:tf] k/LIffsf] cg'udgsf nflu ljifo lj1 tyf sd{rf/L
v6fpg ;Sg]5 .Æ
* -%_ ===========
* -^_ ============
* -&_ ============
-*_ cg'dlt k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ljwfg÷k|aGwkq÷lgodfjnL ;+zf]wg eP ;f] sf] hfgsf/L dGqfnonfO{
t'?Gt lbg' kg]{ 5 .
-(_ ;+emf}tf adf]lhd cfpg] lab]zL lzIfsx?sf] nflu cWoog÷cWofkg le;fsf] l;kmfl/; dGqfnon] ug]{
5.
-!)_ cg'dlt k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yf / sfo{/t JolQmx?n] k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ s/ ltg'{kg]{ 5 .
xfdLn] g]kfndf pRr lzIff ;~rfngsf nflu b]xfosf] ljb]zL ljZjljBfno÷lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 ;DaGwg k|fKt u/]sf]n]
ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwgdf pRr lzIff ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)%( df plNnlvt k|fjwfg
adf]lhdsf ljj/0f v'nfO{ tf]lsP adf]lhdsf sfuhft tyf lgj]bg b:t'/ a'emfPsf] ;Ssn} ef}r/ o;};fy ;+nUg u/L
lzIf0f ;+:yf ;~rfng cg'dlt k|flKtsf nflu of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf 5f}+ .
;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ ljZjljBfno÷lzIf0f ;+:yf ;DaGwL ljj/0fM
-!_ ljZjljBfnosf] gfdM
-@_ 7]ufgfM
-#_ cflwsfl/s ;Dks{ JolQmsf] gfd, 7]ufgf, kmf]g, Od]nM
-$_ ;DaGwg k|bfg u/]sf z}lIfs sfo{qmdM=====================,======================,=========================,====================
lgj]bg ug]{ sDkgL÷;+:yf ;DaGwL ljj/0fM
-!_ sDkgL÷;+:yfsf] gfd, 7]ufgfM -@_ sDkgL÷;+:yf btf{ g+=M
-#_ sDkgL÷;+:yf btf{ ldltM
-$_ sDkgL÷;+:yf btf{ ug]{ lgsfosf] gfd / 7]ufgfM
-%_ :yfoL n]vf g+=M
k|:tfljt lzIf0f ;+:yf -sn]h_ ;DaGwL ljj/0fM
-!_ gfdM
-@_ 7]ufgfM
-#_ kmf]g g+=========================Od]n=====================
-$_ cg'dlt lng rfx]sf] z}lIfs sfo{qmdM
k|:tfljt lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] xfnsf] ef}lts ljj/0fM
-!_ sDkgLsf] :jfldTjsf] hUufsf] If]qkmn tyf 7]ufgf M
-@_ sDkgLn] lnh ;Demf}tf u/L k|fKt hUufsf] If]qkmn tyf 7]ufgf M
-#_ ejg ;+Vof M -$_ sf]7f ;+Vof M
-%_ kmlg{r/sf] Joj:yfM -^_ v]n d}bfgsf] Joj:yfM
-&_ zf}rfnosf] Joj:yf M -*_ vfg]kfgLsf] Joj:yfM
-(_ k':tsfno Pj+ k':ts ;+VofM -!)_ k|of]uzfnfsf] Joj:yfM
-!!_ ;jf/L ;fwgsf] Joj:yfM -!@_ cWofkg u/fpg ;Sg] ljBfyL{ ;+VofM
-!#_ lzIfs ;+VofM
lgj]bsM
sDkgL÷;+:yfsf] b:tvtM
5fk gfdy/M
bhf{M
7]ufgfM ;Dks{ kmf]gM Od]nM
* पहिलो सं शोधनद्वारा सं शोधधत
दोश्रो सं शोधनद्वारा सं शोधधत
12
cltl/Qm ljj/0fM
@= 7]ufgfM
-s_ lhNnfM
-v_ d=g=kf=÷pk=d=g=kf=÷g=k=÷uf=lj=;=M
-u_ j8f g+=M
-3_ dfu{, 6f]nM
!#= lzIfs cfjf;sf] Joj:yf 5 5}g ePdf sf]7f ;+Vof pNn]v ug]{,
-!_ lzIfs============ -@_ lzlIfsf ============-#_ hDdf===========
s'n hDdf
@*=s'g} JolQm jf ljQLo ;+:yfaf6 C0f lnPsf] 5÷5}g, lnPsf] 5 eg] ;f]sf] k"0f{ ljj/0fM—
-s_=========================
-v_========================
-u_=======================
@(= ;+:yf ;+rfnsx¿sf] gfdfjnL, gful/stf g+= / gful/stf k|bfg u/]sf] lhNnf jf ljb]zL gful/s eP ;f] v'Ng]
k|df0f .
dfly pNn]lvt ljj/0f oyfy{ x'g\ . dGqfnoaf6 :ynut lg/LIf0f x'bf c;To ljj/0f k]z u/]sf] 7xl/O{ ;~rfng
cg'dlt k|bfg gu/]df jf cg'dlt /2 u/]df xfd|f] d~h'/ 5 egL of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf 5f}+ .
g]kfn ;/sf/, sDkgL /lhi6f/sf] sfof{no, sf7df8f}+df btf{ ePsf] ====================k|f=ln=-b=g+= ================== ldlt
==========, :yfoL n]vf g+= =============, n] b]xfosf ;t{x¿sf] clwgdf /xL ==================ljifoIf]qdf==================z}lIfs
sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf lgldQ ===================:yfgdf ================gfds lzIf0f ;+:yf ;~rfng ug{ d~h'/ ub{5'÷ub{5f}+
egL of] sa'lnotgfdf n]vL ;xL5fk u/L g]kfn ;/sf/ lzIff dGqfno ;dIf k]z u/]sf 5f}+ .
;t{x¿ M
!= ========================ljZjljBfno÷lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwgdf ================sfo{qmdx¿ lghL :t/df ;~rfng
ug]{ u/L] ========lhNnfsf] ======================:yfgdf ===========================gfdsf] sn]h :yfkgf / ;~rfng ug]{
5'÷5f}+ .
@= k|:tfj ul/P adf]lhd sn]h ;~rfng ubf{ pQm sn]hsf] hUuf tyf ejgx¿ a]rljvg, bfg bftJo jf cGo
s'g}klg k|s[ofaf6 c? s;}nfO{ x:tfGt/0f ug'{ cufl8 dGqfnosf] k"j{ :jLs[lt clgjfo{¿kdf lng] 5'÷5f}+ .
#= ;+:yfsf] gfd, ;~rfng :yn, sfo{qmdsf] gfd kl/jt{g ug'{ k/]df tyf s'g} yk ljifosf] cWoog cWofkg
ug'{ k/]df dGqfnosf] k"j{ :jLs[lt clgjfo{ ¿kdf lng] 5'÷5f}+ .
$= sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ :jLs[t k|fKt ;+:yfn] ;DaGwg k|bfos ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwgsf]
lg/Gt/tf ;'lglZrttf ePsf] sfuhft k]z ug]{ 5'÷5f}+ .
%= ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf ;DaGwgdf pRr lzIff ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)%( adf]lhd w/f}6Lsf]
?kdf /flvPsf] /sd / ;+:yfsf gfddf /x]sf] hUuf dGqfnosf] :jLs[lt ljgf lemSg, ljlqm ug{, C0f lng jf
k|of]u ug{] 5}g÷5}gf}+ .
^= cWoog cWofkgsf] kf7\oqmd, egf{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{ Go"gtd of]Uotf / k/LIff k|0ffnL ;DaGwg lbg]
ljZjljBfno jf lzIf0f ;+:yfaf6 tf]lsP adf]lhd ug]{ 5'÷5f}+ .
&= ljBfyL{ egf{ ;+Vofsf] !) k|ltzt ;L6 dlxnf, u/La tyf h]x]Gbf/, blnt lk5l8Psf] g]kfnL gful/snfO{
5fqj[lQsf] Joj:yf ug]{ 5'÷5f}+ .
*= k|fWofks, k|lzIfs Pj+ ;a} lsl;dsf sd{rf/Lx¿sf] lgo'lQm ubf{ låtLo kIfn] g]kfnL gful/sx¿ dWo]af6
ug'{kg]{5 . k|fWofks, k|lzIfs Pj+ k|fljlws sd{rf/Lx¿sf] xsdf g]kfnL gful/s pknAw gePsf] cj:yfdf
dfq dGqfnosf] :jLs[lt lnO{ lglZrt cjlwsf nflu c:yfoL / s/f/df ljb]zL gful/sx¿nfO{ lgo'lQm ug]{
5'÷5f}+ .
(= ;+:yfsf] cfkm\g} sf/0fn] ;~rfng :jLs[lt k|fKt sfo{qmd aGb ug'{ kg]{ cj:yf cfO k/]df ;f]sf] sf/0f v'nfO{
aGb ul/g] ldlt eGbf tLg dlxgf cufl8 dGqfnonfO{ hfgsf/L u/fpg' kg]{5 t/ lzIf0f ;+:yf aGb ePsf]
sf/0fn] s;}nfO{ ltg{ jf a'emfpg afsL /x]sf s'g} /sd jf C0f jf cGo s'g} bfloTj jxg ug]{ lhDd]jf/L
jxg ug]{ 5'÷5f}+ .
!)= s'g} sf/0fj; lzIf0f ;+:yf aGb jf z}lIfs sfo{s|d jf z}lIfs ;q /2 ug{' kg]{ l:ylt cfPdf ljBfyL{sf] afFsL
cWoog k"/f u/fOlbg] bfloTj jxg ug]{ 5'÷5f}+ .
!!= k|To]s jif{ n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dGqfnonfO{ pknAw u/fpg 5'÷5f}+ .
!@= cg'dlt k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yf / sfo{/t lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Lx¿n] k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ clgjfo{?kdf s/
a'emfpg] 5'÷5f}+ .
!#= ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwg lnO{ ;+:yf ;~rfng ug{ rfxg]n] lgb]{lzsfdf plNnlvt ;t{sf cnfjf
;DaGwg lbg] ;+:yfn] tf]s]sf cGo ;t{ tyf gD;{ ;d]t kfngf ug]{ 5'÷5f}+ .
sa'lnotgfdf ug]{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ ;+:yfsf] tkm{af6 /f]xj/df a:g] JolQm
b:tvtM b:tvtM
gfdy/M gfd y/M
bhf{M bhf{M
ldltM ldltM
!= ;+:yfsf] Kof8, ;fOgjf]8{, ;"rgf tyf lj1fkgdf ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ ;+:yf -ljZjljBfno jf lgsfo_ sf] gfd
tyf b]z / :jLs[t sfo{qmd clgjfo{ ¿kdf pNn]v ug'{kg]{ 5 .
@= ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ ;+:yf -ljZjljBfno jf lgsfo_ n] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] ;+Vofdf of]Uo / bIf lzIfs tyf
sd{rf/Lx¿sf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ 5 . ljb]zL lzIfs tyf Joj:yfks lgo'lQm ubf{ o; dGqfnosf] k"j{ :jLs[lt
lng'kg]{ 5 .
#= ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwgdf pRr lzIff ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)%( n] u/]sf] Joj:yf adf]lhd
tf]lsPsf] cjlwdf tf]lsPsf] k|lqmof k"/f u/L ;~rfng cg'dlt gljs/0fsf nflu k|To]s jif{ lgj]bg lbg'kg]{ 5 .
$= g]kfnsf] kl/ro lbg] ;fdflhs lzIff pQm ljifo k|To]s txdf cWoog u/fpg] Joj:yf u/fpg' kg]{5 .
%= ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ ;+:yf -ljZjljBfno jf lgsfo_ n] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] ef}lts tyf z}lIfs k"jf{wf/x¿ k"/f
u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ 5 .
^= ;DaGwg k|bfg ug]{ ;+:yf -ljZjljBfno jf lgsfo_ n] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] Go'gtd of]Uotf k"/f u/]sf ljBfyL{x¿nfO{
dfq egf{ ug'{kg]{ 5 .
&= ;~rfng cg'dlt kfPsf] ;+:yf ;fdfGotof tf]lsPsf] :yfgaf6 cGoq ;fg{ kfOg] 5}g . t/ s'g} ljz]if sf/0f
k/L :yfg kl/jt{g ug'{kg]{ ePdf sf/0f ;lxt lgb]{lzsfn] Joj:yf u/] adf]lhd k"j{ :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq :yfg
kl/jt{g ug{ kfOg] 5 .
* ;~rfng cg'dlt kfPsf] ;+:yfn] gfd kl/jt{g ug'{k/]df k|nlrt sfg'g adf]lhd ;/f]sf/jfnf lgsfosf] :jLs[lt
tyf cg'dlt lnO{ o; dGqfnosf] ;d]t cg'dlt :jLs[lt lnP/ dfq gfd kl/jt{g ug{ kfOg] 5 .
(= g]kfn leqsf] dfGotf k|fKt ljZjljBfnoaf6 ;dsIftf tyf dfGotfsf nflu tTsfn sf/jfxL cl3 a9fpg' kg]{5
!)= ;DaGwg lbg] ;+:yfn] k|efjsf/L lzIf0f l;sfOsf nflu slDtdf jif{sf] Ps k6s ;+:yfsf] ;'kl/j]If0f ug]{ Joj:yf
u/]sf] x'g'kg]{ / pQm ;'kl/j]If0f sfo{ ;DkGg eP kl5 ;'kl/j]If0f k|ltj]bg dGqfnodf ;d]t k]z ug'{kg]{ 5 .
!!= ;~rfng :jLs[lt k|fKt ;+:yfx¿n] ;~rfng ug]{ jflif{s k/LIff ;DjGwL hgfsf/L dGqfnonfO{ u/fpg' kg]{5 .
dGqfnon] To:tf] k/LIffsf] cg'udgsf nflu sd{rf/L v6fpg ;Sg]5 .
!!= sfo{qmd ;~rfns ;+:yfsf] Joj:yfkg ;ldlt kl/jt{g ePdf ;f]sf] hfgsf/L dGqfnonfO{ lbg'kg]{5 .
!@= Ps eGbf a9L ;+:yf;+u ;DaGwg lng kfOg] 5}g .
!#= dGqfnon] ;do ;dodf lbPsf] lgb]{zgsf] kfngf ug'{kg]{ 5 .
!$= z}lIfs zq ÷tx kl/jt{g ePdf dGqfnosf] k"j{ :jLs[lt lng'kg]{ 5 .
!%= ljBfyL{ egf{ ;+Vofsf] :jb]zL nufgLstf{ eP !) k|ltzt / ljb]zL nufgLstf{ eP @) k|ltzt ;L6 dlxnf,
u/La tyf h]x]Gbf/, blnt lk5l8Psf] g]kfnL gful/snfO{ 5fqj[lQsf] Joj:yf ug'{kg]{ 5 .
!^= lgb]{lzsfn] tf]s] adf]lhdsf] w/f}6L /sd :jLs[lt k|fKt jfl0fHo a}+ssf] d'4tL vftfdf w/f}6L :j?k /fVg'kg]{ 5 .
pQm w/f}6L /sd dGqfnosf] k"j{ :jLs[lt j]u/ lemSg, k|of]u ug{ jf C0f lng kfOg] 5}g .
!&= sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug]{ ;+:yfn] lgb]{lzsfdf tf]lsP adf]lhdsf] ;fwf/0f tyf ljifout ;t{x¿ ;d]t kfng ug'{kg]{
5.
!*= s'g} sf/0fjz lzIf0f ;+:yf aGb jf z}lIfs sfo{s|d jf z}lIfs ;q /2 ug{' kg]{ l:ylt cfPdf ljBfyL{sf] k7g
kf7gsf] Joj:yf ;DalGwt lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] cfkmg} vr{df afFsL cWoog k"/f ul/lbg' kg]{ st{Jo ;DalGwt lzIf0f
;+:yfsf] x'g]5 .
!(= ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwg lnO{ ;+:yf ;~rfng ug{ rfxg]n] o; gD;{df pNn]v gePsf] t/ ;DaGwg lbg]
;+:yfn] cGo s'g} gD;{ tf]s]sf] eP ;f]xL cg';f/ kfngf ug'{ kg]{5 / ;f] gD;{sf af/]df dGqfnonfO{ hfgsf/L
u/fpg' kg]{5 .
* पहिलो सं शोधनद्वारा सं शोधधत
दोश्रो सं शोधनद्वारा सं शोधधत
20
@)= cg'dlt k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yfn] k|To]s jif{ n]vfk/LIf0f k|ltj]bg dGqfnodf j'emfpg' kg]{ 5 .
@!= cg'dlt k|fKt lzIf0f ;+:yf / sfo{/t lzIfs tyf sd{rf/Lx¿n] k|rlnt sfg"g cg';f/ clgjfo{?kdf s/ ltg'{kg]{
5.
@@= ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwgdf pRr lzIff ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)%( sf] k"0f{ kfngf ug'{kg]{ 5
.
r=g+= ldltM
>L==========================
========================
To; sDkgL÷;+:yfn] b]xfosf] z}lIfs sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ kfpF egL ldlt =============df o; dGqfnodf lbPsf]
lgj]bg pk/ sf/jfxL x'Fbf pRr:t/Lo d"Nofª\sg tyf cg'udg ;ldltsf] l;kmfl/;df ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf]
;DaGwgdf pRr lzIff ;~rfng ug]{ ;DaGwL lgb]{lzsf, @)%( sf] cg';"rL–# adf]lhdsf ;t{x¿ k"0f{ ?kdf kfngf
ug]{ tyf To; ;+:yfn] o; dGqfnodf k]z u/]sf] cg';"rL–@ adf]lhdsf] sj'lnogfdf ;d]tsf] k"0f{ kfngf ug]{ u/L
tkl;n adf]lhdsf] sfo{qmd sIff ;~rfng ug{ o; dGqfnosf] ldlt ========================= sf] lg0f{ofg';f/ of] cg'dlt
k|bfg ul/Psf] 5 .
ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yf;+u ;DaGwg lnO{ vf]lnPsf ;j} lsl;dsf lzIf0f ;+:yfx¿ ;~rfng ug{sf nflu cfjZos kg]{
hg/n gD;{
!= ;~rfng ug]{ If]qM
lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] :yfkgf ubf{ cf}Bf]lus If]q / d"n ;8saf6 s]xL 6f9f, t/ bdsn / PDa'n]G; u'8\g ;Sg] af6f]
ePsf] :yfgdf x'g'kg]{ .
@= lzIfs tyf sd{rf/LM
P n]ensf nflu ;j} lzIfsx¿sf] z}lIfs of]Uotf cWofkg ug]{ ;DalGwt ljifodf slDtdf :gftsf]Q/ x'g'kg]{
. t/ nlntsnf ;DaGwL ljifosf] xsdf eg] xfnnfO{ slDtdf :gfts tx pQL0f{ ePsf] x'g' kg]{ .
Ol~hlgol/Ë tyf ;"rgf k|ljlwsf nflu lzIfssf] z}lIfs of]Uotf :gftsf]Q/ x'g' kg]{ t/ ;f] of]Uotfsf] lzIfs
pknAw x'g g;s] slDtdf klg xfnnfO{ %) k|ltzt lzIfssf] of]Uotf eg] ;DalGwt ljifodf :gftsf]Q/ x'g}
kg]{5 .
gl;{Ë sfo{s|dsf nflu lk|lG;knsf] z}lIfs of]Uotf gl;{Ë ljifodf :gftsf]Q/ / lzIfsx¿dWo] @% k|ltzt
:gftsf]Q/ / cGo :gfts pQL0f{ eO{ gl;{Ë sfplG;ndf btf{ ePsf] x'g'kg]{ .
xf]6n Dofg]hd]G6 sfo{s|dsf nflu lzIfssf]] z}lIfs of]Uotf OG6/ d]l8P6 pQL0f{ eO{ @ jif{sf] xf]6n d]g]hd]06
;DaGwL ljifodf :gfts u/L ;DalGwt If]qdf -z}lIfs cyjf cf}Bf]lus If]qdf_ slDtdf klg # jif{;Dd sfd
u/]sf] cg'ej x'g'kg]{ cyjf :gfts tx pQL0f{ u/L xf]6n d]g]hd]06 ljifodf :gfts u/]sf] x'g' kg]{ . t/ xf]6n
Dofg]hd]G6 ljifo leq cWofkg x'g] ;fwf/0f ljifox¿sf] xsdf eg] :gftsf]Q/ tx pQL0f{ x'g' kg]{ . cyjf
Certified Hospitality Educator x'g' kg]{ .
lnj/n cf6{, ;f]l;on ;fOG;, Joj:yfkg= h:tf hg/n ljifosf] Ps]8]lds sf]if{sf nflu ;j} lzIfsx¿sf]
of]Uotf :gftsf]Q/ pQL0f{ x'g'kg]{ .
cWofkg ug]{ lzIfsx¿sf] z}lIfs of]Uotfsf] xsdf :gfts jf :gftsf]Q/ h] eP klg slDtdf l4tLo >]0fLdf
pQL0f{ ePsf] x'g' kg]{ .
#= ;+:yfn] sfo{qmd ;~rfngsf] nflu sf7df08f} pkTosfdf eP slDtdf # /f]kgL, kxf8df eP ^ /f]kgL / t/fO{df
eP % s6\7f hUufsf] Joj:yfkg ug{'kg]{5 .
$= ejgM
e'O{ b]lv l;lnª ;Ddsf] prfO{ 3l6df ( lkm6 x'g'kg]{ .
sf]7fdf k|z:t k|sfz l5g]{ / qm; e]l06n]zg ePsf] x'g'kg]{ .
;s];Dd ejg e'sDk k|lt/f]ws k|ljlwaf6 lgld{t x'g'kg]{ .
Fire fighting system h8fg ePsf] x'g'kg]{ .
k|zf;lgs sfo{sf nfuL 5'6\6} sfof{nosf] Joj:Yff x'g' kg]{ .
%= sIffsf]7fM
cfotfsf/ cyjf auf{sf/ x'g' kg]{ .
k|lt ljBfyL{ Ps ju{ ld6/ If]qkmn x'g'kg]{ .
Ps sIffdf #) hgf jf ;DaGwg lbg] ljZjljBfno tf]s] eGbf -h'g 36L x'G5 ;f]xL ;+Vof_ j9L ljBfyL{ /fvL
cWofkg ug{ gkfOg] .
^= rd]gfu[xM
ljb]zL lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] ;DaGwgdf To; dGqfnoaf6 cg'dlt lnfO{ ;~rfng ul//x]sf] ==========================sfo{qmdsf]
cf=j=========== sf nflu gjLs/0f ul/lbg=======hgf ljBfyL{sf] nflu nfUg] ?================-cIf]?kL====================_ sf]
;Ssn} ef}r/ o;} ;fy ;+nUg /fvL of] lgj]bg k]z u/]sf] 5'÷5f}+ .
!= lzIf0f ;+:yfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf M
kmf]g g+=========================df]jfOn g+=-lk|lG;knsf]_==================================nlg{Ë ;]G6/ g+===========
km\ofS; g+================ e-mail :
Website:
@= ;~rfng ug]{ ;+:yfsf] gfd / 7]ufgf - sDkgLdf btf{ ePsf] cfwf/df_ M
sDkgL btf{ ldlt M :yfoL n]vf g+=
s/ r'Stf u/] gu/]sf] M s/ r'Stf ldlt M
#=;+:yfnfO{ sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{ lzIff dGqfnoaf6 cg'dtL kfPsf] ljj/0f M
sfo{qmdsf] ljifo sfo{qmdsf] ;dsIftf sIff lzIff dGqfnoaf6
gfd cjlw lgwf{/0f ePsf] ;~rfng sfo{qmd ;~rfng
5÷5}g cjlw ug{ cg'dtL k|fKt
ldlt
$= 3/ ef8fdf lnPsf] eP
-s_ 3/ wlgsf] gfd / 7]ufgf M
-v_ pkef]u ePsf] ejg ;+Vof M hDdf sf]7f ;+Vof M
-u_ jflif{s 3/ ef8f b/ M
%=;DaGwg ljj/0f M
-s_ ;DaGwg lbg] ;+:yfsf] gfd / b]z M
-v_ ;DaGwg lbPsf] ldlt M
^= ljBfyL{ ljj/0f M
l; sfo{qmd k|yd jif{ bf];|f] jif{{ t]];|f] jif{{ rf}yf] jif{
g+= sf] gfd :jb]zL ljb]zL :jb]zL ljb]zL :jb]zL ljb]zL :jb]zL ljb]zL
5fqf 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f 5f
q qf q qf q qf q qf q qf q qf q qf q
*= 5fqa[lQsf] ljj/0f M
l;=g+= 5fqa[lQ k|fKt ug]{ ljBfyL{sf] gfd, cWoog/t sfo{qmd 5fqa[lQsf] lsl;d s}lkmot
y/
lgj]bsx¿ M
b:tvt M b:tvt M
lk|lG;knsf] gfd y/ M cWoIfsf] gfd y/ M
ldlt M ldlt M
;+:yfsf] 5fk M
clgjfo{ ?kdf ;+nUg x'g'kg]{ sfuhftx¿M
-s_ gljs/0fsf nflu lgj]bg lb+bfsf avtsf] ljBfyL{ ;+Vof cg'?ksf] /fhZj /sd bflvnf u/]sf] ;Ssn ef}r/,
-v_ ut cfly{s jif{sf] n]vf kl/If0f k|ltj]bgsf] k|ltlnlk,
-u_ ut cfly{s jif{sf] s/ r'Qmf k|df0f kqsf] k|ltlnlk,
-3_ xfn cWoog/t ljBfyL{x¿sf] sfo{qmdut ljj/0f,
-ª_ sfo{/t lzIfssf] of]Uotf v'n]sf] ljj/0f,
-r_ 5fqj[lQ ljt/0fsf] cWofjlws ljj/0f .