• Differentiate accuracy and

precision;
• Describe the different types of
errors;
• Manifest the value of critical
thinking while working with peers.
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What do you mean by…

a.Accuracy?
b.Precision?
Accuracy, Precision
and Uncertainties,
Sources and Types of
Error and Error Bars in
Graph
 Percentage
Accuracy Error

Precision Random Error

Uncertainty Systematic Error

ACCURACY - How close a
measurement is to the
correct value for
that measurement
- the degree to which
the result of a
measurement,
calculation, or
specification conforms
to the correct value or
a standard.
- How close the
agreement is between PRECISION
repeated
measurement
- refinement in a
measurement,
calculation, or
specification,
especially as
represented by the
number of digits
given.
 Three different people weigh a
standard mass of 2.00 g on the same
balance. Each person obtains a
reading of exactly 7.32 g for the mass
of the standard.
A 3 groups of students measures the
mass of a product from the same
chemical reaction. The groups
recorded data of 8.83 g, 8.84 g and
8.82 g. The known mass of the
product from that reaction is 8.60g.
 Susan conducts an experiment five
times and gets a solution
concentration of 1.9M, 2.1M, 1.8M,
1.9M, and 2.2M. The known
concentration of the solution is 2.0M.
Which of the following are true about
Susan's results?
ERRORS
Anong English ng
sintas na buhol?
RANDOM

SYSTEMATIC
Systematic Errors
• Occurs when there • Are errors caused by
are variations in the faulty instruments or
environment or in the incorrect handling
the measurement of instruments
techniques • Tend to be consistent
• Vary in magnitude in the magnitude
and direction and/or direction

RANDOM ERRORS
 RANDOM
ERRORS

• Minimize by • Calibration of
collecting more instruments may
data be done to avoid
• Statistical analysis systematic errors
maybe used to
• Difficult to detect
evaluate it

Systematic Errors
ACCURACY PRECISION
ACCURACY PRECISION

A quantitative measure of how

much your measured values
deviate from a standard or
expected value
 Factors Contributing to Uncertainty in a
Measurement include:
Limitations of the measuring devices

Skill of the person making the

measurement

Irregularities in the object being

measured
• expresses as a percentage of the
difference between an
approximate or measured value
and an exact or known value
• the difference between a measured
and known value, divided by the
known value, multiplied by 100%.
• Subtract one value from another. The order does not
matter if you are dropping the sign, but you
subtract the theoretical value from the experimental
value if you are keeping negative signs. This value is
your 'error'.
• Divide the error by the exact or ideal value (i.e., not
your experimental or measured value). This will
give you a decimal number.
• Convert the decimal number into a percentage by
multiplying it by 100.
• Add a percent or % symbol to report your percent
error value.
• I thought 70 people would turn up to the concert,
but in fact 80 did!
• The report said the carpark held 240 cars, but we
counted only 200 parking spaces.
• They forecast 20 mm of rain, but we really got 25
mm.
• You measure the plant to be 80 cm high (to the
nearest cm) but the real measurement is 90cm.