Republic of the Philippines

Commission on Higher Education

DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021

MC SCI 101:
Teaching Science in the Elementary Grades (Chemistry & Biology)

I. MODULE 1: THE SCIENCE FRAMEWORK IN K TO 12

II. OVERVIEW/ INTRODUCTION:

Our life is anchored on Science. By the time we are born in this world, we
interact with science. What do you expect to teach in science? What first come to your
mind when you are to teach Science? In K to 12 enhanced curricula, what is the
national framework for Science in all levels?
Have you ever come across an acronym in science which is STL? It means,
Science and Technology Literacy. It includes the ability to apply scientific and
technological concepts, use process skills and embrace science attitudes and values in
life.
This module will engage you to all these as the Science Framework from
kindergarten to Grade 6 and beyond.

III. LEARNING OUTCOMES:

1. Describe the science framework in the K to 12.
2. Discuss the framework relative to each grade level.

IV. LEARNING EXPERIENCES & SELF ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES (SAA)

Direction: Take a look at Figure 1(Science Framework in K to 12), then answer the
questions that follow.

Multi/ Interdisciplinary Approach Based Inquiry- Based Approach

LearProblem/
Science- Issue ning
Technology Society
Approach/
Contextual Learning

Constructivism Social Cognition Learning Style

Brain- based Learning
Learning Model Theory
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021

Answer the following:

I. Science as whole, as provided by the national framework of the DepEd responds to
the 21st Century Literacy which is the Science and Technological Literacy. It involves
three important components. What are these components?
(1) Demonstrating Scientific Inquiry skill
(2) Understanding and Applying Scientific Knowledge
(3) Developing and Demonstrating Scientific Attitude and Values
II. Based on these phases (refer to your answers in no.1), all science learners who aim
to be scientifically and technologically literate should be:
(4) critical/creative problem solver
(5) responsible steward of nature
(6) innovative/inventive thinker
(_7) informed decision maker
(8) effective communicator
III. Based on the framework, the foundations of scientific and technological literacy are
characterized by models, approaches and practices which are fully anchored on
several learning theories. What are these models, approaches and practices used in
the framework? Describe each.
(9)
Multi Interdisciplinary Approach-An approach to curriculum integration which focuses primarily
on the different disciplines and the diverse perspectives they bring to illustrate a topic, theme or issue. A
multidisciplinary curriculum is one in which the same topic is studied from the viewpoint of more than
one discipline. Frequently multidisciplinary is used as synonyms describing the aim to cross boundaries
between disciplines.

(10) Science-Technology Society Approach/ Contextual Learning- is an approach

adopted in science teaching where contexts and applications of science are used as
the starting point for the development of scientific ideas. ` Discernible trends in
Science Curriculum development has been to use contexts and applications of
science as a means of developing scientific understanding

(11)Problem/Issue based learning-is a student-centered pedagogy in which

students learn about a subject through the experience of solving an open-ended
problem found in trigger material. The PBL process does not focus on problem
solving with a defined solution, but it allows for the development of other desirable
skills and attributes. This includes knowledge acquisition, enhanced group
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021
collaboration and communication. The PBL process was developed for medical
education and has since been broadened in applications for other programs of
learning. The process allows for learners to develop skills used for their future
practice. It enhances critical appraisal, literature retrieval and encourages ongoing
learning within a team environment.

(12) Inquiry-Based approach- is an approach to learning that emphasizes the

student’s role in the learning process. Rather than the teacher telling students
what they need to know, students are encouraged to explore the material, ask
questions, and share ideas.

Inquiry-based learning uses different approaches to learning, including small-group

discussion and guided learning. Instead of memorizing facts and material, students
learn by doing. This allows them to build knowledge through exploration,
experience, and discussion.

(13)Constructivism- is an important learning theory that educators use to help

their students learn. Constructivism is based on the idea that people actively
construct or make their own knowledge, and that reality is determined by your
experiences as a learner. Basically, learners use their previous knowledge as a
foundation and build on it with new things that they learn. So everyones’
individual experiences make their learning unique to them. 

(14)Social Cognition Learning model- is a theoretical perspective in which

learning by observing others is the focus of study. Social-cognitive theory is
grounded by several basic assumptions.

One is that people can learn by observing others. Learners can acquire new
behaviors and knowledge by simply observing a model. A model is a person who
demonstrates behavior for someone else. Assumption: learning is an internal
process that may or may not lead to a behavior. Learning may not occur
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021
immediately. The observer could process the new behavior, but his/her learning
may not be affected until a later point or never at all. In our dance example, it
may take our observer multiple parties at which the Electric Slide is being danced
until he joins in, or he may never join in.

(15)Learning Style Theory- learning is viewed as a four-stage cycle. First,

immediate and concrete experiences serve as a basis for observation. Next, the
individual reflects on these observations and begins to build a general theory of
what this information might mean.In the next step, the learner forms abstract
concepts and generalizations based on their hypothesis. Finally, the learner tests
the implications of these concepts in new situations. After this step, the process
once again cycles back to the first stage of the experiential process.

(16) Brain-based learning-

V. SUMMARY
Science and Technological Literacy is the ultimate goal of science learning. Its
development starts early and formally begins in the K to a completion of a degree and
throughout life. A country whose citizens are science and technologically literate will
be educationally and scientifically advanced.
To achieve this goal, there are three intervening skills that need to be
addressed; (1) Understanding and Applying Scientific Knowledge.Science literacy
starts with the acquisition of knowledge (ideas, concepts, generalizations, theories).
However, such knowledge should be understood and applied. Thus, in teaching
science, teachers should remember that although memorization of facts is important,
however, these facts, knowledge, generalization and theories should be understood
and used in the daily lives.
(2) Performing Scientific Inquiry Skills.Other than understanding and applying
science knowledge, it is also the foundation of scientific and technological literacy to
perform inquiry skills. Scientific inquiry skills can be seen as a set of skills to be
learned by the students to include the science processes of the AAAs, the performance
of the scientific investigations and the cognitive outcomes the students will achieve.
What students will be able to do is the performance of inquiry and based on what the
students know about inquiry. In short, scientific inquiry is a systematic approach
used by scientists in order to answer mind boggling questions.
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021
(3) Developing and Demonstrating Scientific Attitudes and Values.The
development and demonstration of scientific attitudes and values is a very important
component of scientific literacy. Some scientific attitudes are:
- A scientist must be curious about the world. (Curiosity)
- A scientist admits failures and recognizes that there are better ideas. (Humility)
- A scientist listens and respects ideas of others (Open-mindedness)
- A scientist is intellectually honest. (Intellectual honesty)
- A scientist works hard and is persistent. (Perseverance)
- A scientist does not jump to conclusions. (Skepticism)
- A scientist is creative and critical thinker. (Creative and Innovative)
- A scientist uses reason or logical thinking before giving answers. (Rational)
- A scientist is willing to suspend judgment until he is sure of his results.
(Objectivity)
- A scientist tries new approaches to arrive at solutions. (Innovative)

VI. End of Module Assessment (EMA)

Self- Check. Choose the correct answer from the options given.
1. In the basic components of the framework, all imply that science involves action or
doing. Which is not emphasized in the learning of science?

A. Memorizing facts, concepts, principles, and theories.

B. Understanding and Applying Scientific Knowledge.
C. Developing and Demonstrating Scientific Attitude and Values.
D. Performing Scientific Inquiry Skills.

2. As future science teacher, what is the ultimate goal of science in the framework
that each learner should achieve?

A. 21st Century Literacy

B. Science and Technology Literacy
C. Science, Technology and Society
D. Develop innovators and inventors

3. Science as a subject in the elementary grades should stand alone. This statement
is _______________.

A. supportive of the approaches in science teaching.

B. contrary to science as multi- disciplinary and integrated.
C. advocated in the theories that support science learning.
D. acceptable based from the science framework.
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021

4. There is no single way of learning science, hence there is no single method that
would fit every learner. This belief supports the theory of ______________________.

A. Constructivism C. Learning Styles

B. Social Cognition D. Hands- On, Minds On

5. Creative, critical thinker, innovative, informed decision maker. These are the
characteristics of _____________________.

A. Pure and applied scientists C. Digital Natives

B. Science, Technology Literates D. None of these

VII. Looking Ahead

Answer the following:

1. Based on the framework, there are dominant approaches, models and practices
that can be utilized in teaching and learning science in the elementary grades. As a
future science teacher, which approaches, models and practices is/are best to use?
Explain your answer.

2. If the learners are able to model theories and practices that are imbibed based
from the framework, how then should every learner be characterized?

VIII. Self and Module Evaluation

How do you rate this module? Shade the stars for your rating (5 is the highest and 1 is
the lowest).

Comments/ Suggestions:
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________

IX. References
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021
A. Book
Bilbao, et.al. 2019. Teaching Science in the Elementary Grades Volume 1: Chemistry
and Biology, Cubao, Quezon City, Metro Manila, Philippines: Lorimar Publishing, Inc.

MC SCI 101
Teaching Science in the Elementary Grades (Biology & Chemistry)
Module 1 ANSWER SHEET
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021

Name:Jhoncel Obina Year/Block Date: 2ND YEAR BEED 5 (DAY SHIFT) major in
SCIENCE (BIOLOGY and CHEMISTRY) DATE Submitted: Sep. 17, 2020

LEARNING EXPERIENCES & SELF ASSESSMENT ACTIVITIES (SAA)

I. Science as whole, as provided by the national framework of the DepEd responds to

the 21st Century Literacy which is the Science and Technological Literacy. It involves
three important components. What are these components?
(1) Demonstrating Scientific Inquiry skill
(2) Understanding and Applying Scientific Knowledge
(3) Developing and Demonstrating Scientific Attitude and Values

II. Based on these phases (refer to your answers in no.1), all science learners who aim
to be scientifically and technologically literate should be:
(4) critical/creative problem solver
(5) responsible steward of nature
(6) innovative/inventive thinker
(_7) informed decision maker
(8) effective communicator

III. Based on the framework, the foundations of scientific and technological literacy are
characterized by models, approaches and practices which are fully anchored on
several learning theories. What are these models, approaches and practices used in
the framework? Describe each.
(9)
Multi Interdisciplinary Approach-An approach to curriculum integration which focuses primarily
on the different disciplines and the diverse perspectives they bring to illustrate a topic, theme or issue. A
multidisciplinary curriculum is one in which the same topic is studied from the viewpoint of more than
one discipline. Frequently multidisciplinary is used as synonyms describing the aim to cross boundaries
between disciplines.

(10) Science-Technology Society Approach/ Contextual Learning- is an approach

adopted in science teaching where contexts and applications of science are used as
the starting point for the development of scientific ideas. ` Discernible trends in
Science Curriculum development has been to use contexts and applications of
science as a means of developing scientific understanding
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021
(11)Problem/Issue based learning-is a student-centered pedagogy in which
students learn about a subject through the experience of solving an open-ended
problem found in trigger material. The PBL process does not focus on problem
solving with a defined solution, but it allows for the development of other desirable
skills and attributes. This includes knowledge acquisition, enhanced group
collaboration and communication. The PBL process was developed for medical
education and has since been broadened in applications for other programs of
learning. The process allows for learners to develop skills used for their future
practice. It enhances critical appraisal, literature retrieval and encourages ongoing
learning within a team environment.

(13) Inquiry-Based approach- is an approach to learning that emphasizes the

student’s role in the learning process. Rather than the teacher telling students
what they need to know, students are encouraged to explore the material, ask
questions, and share ideas.

Inquiry-based learning uses different approaches to learning, including small-group

discussion and guided learning. Instead of memorizing facts and material, students
learn by doing. This allows them to build knowledge through exploration,
experience, and discussion.

(13)Constructivism- is an important learning theory that educators use to help

their students learn. Constructivism is based on the idea that people actively
construct or make their own knowledge, and that reality is determined by your
experiences as a learner. Basically, learners use their previous knowledge as a
foundation and build on it with new things that they learn. So everyones’
individual experiences make their learning unique to them. 
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021
(14)Social Cognition Learning model- is a theoretical perspective in which
learning by observing others is the focus of study. Social-cognitive theory is
grounded by several basic assumptions.

One is that people can learn by observing others. Learners can acquire new
behaviors and knowledge by simply observing a model. A model is a person who
demonstrates behavior for someone else. Assumption: learning is an internal
process that may or may not lead to a behavior. Learning may not occur
immediately. The observer could process the new behavior, but his/her learning
may not be affected until a later point or never at all. In our dance example, it
may take our observer multiple parties at which the Electric Slide is being danced
until he joins in, or he may never join in.

(15)Learning Style Theory- learning is viewed as a four-stage cycle. First,

immediate and concrete experiences serve as a basis for observation. Next, the
individual reflects on these observations and begins to build a general theory of
what this information might mean.In the next step, the learner forms abstract
concepts and generalizations based on their hypothesis. Finally, the learner tests
the implications of these concepts in new situations. After this step, the process
once again cycles back to the first stage of the experiential process.

(16) Brain based learning- refers to teaching methods, lesson designs, and school
programs that are based on the latest scientific research about how the brain
learns, including such factors as cognitive development—how students learn
differently as they age, grow, and mature socially, emotionally, and cognitively.
Brain-based learning is motivated by the general belief that learning can be
accelerated and improved if educators base how and what they teach on the
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021
science of learning, rather than on past educational practices, established
conventions, or assumptions about the learning process. 

End of Module Assessment (EMA)

1. B
2.B
3.B
4.B
5.B

Self and Module Evaluation

How do you rate this module? Shade the stars for your rating (5 is the highest and 1 is
the lowest).

Comments/ Suggestions:
This module had been helpful in a student learning based style yet too little
information to be based from in answering the given questions. May I suggest that in
giving certain descriptive question might as well add some references on who or where
the right answer could be found because as a student who is relying on internet for
researching I somehow got confused whenever there is too much different answer for a
certain question and I am not a hundred percent sure which one is correct.

Looking Ahead

1. As a future science teacher for me the best approach that I suggest to use in
teaching science is the inquiry based learning because inquiry-based learning
actively engages students in the learning process. Students aren’t just hearing or
writing what they are learning. Instead, students get the chance to explore a topic
more deeply and learn from their own first-hand experiences.

We retain 75% of what we do compared to 5% of what we hear and 10% of what

we read. Inquiry-based learning allows students to better understand and recall
material by actively engaging with it and making their own connections. I also
researched that it has benefits to the students like it enhances learning experiences
 Republic of the Philippines
Commission on Higher Education
DARAGA COMMUNITY COLLEGE
Salvacion, Daraga, Albay
First Semester
A. Y. 2020- 2021
in childern (it suitably suits me for I am a soon to be an elementary teacher),
deepens students understanding of topics, allows students to take ownership of
their learning and increases engangement with the learning material.

2. The learner can be characterized as a fast learner who embodies the skills of being a
strategic thinker and a good reader/listener and applies them to his/her learning
method. A strategic thinker can come up with several solutions to solve a problem or
distinguish and describe any given information from a certain framework and will
analyze them quickly to determine the best course of action or come up with their own
model. Likewise, a good reader/listener gets things done because they only have to be
told once how to do them and can answer or learn on its own without supervision and
basically becomes an independent learner.