Kunci Jawaban Ulangan Bentuk Pangkat dan

Akar (seri 002)

Arief Anbiya
July 26, 2019

1. Simplify
5(611 + 610 + ... + 62 + 6 + 1)
6
− 66
6 −1
Solution: Let s = 1 + 6 + 62 + ... + 610 + 611 , then 6s = 6 + 62 + ... + 612 ,
and we have
1 − 612
(1 − 6)s = 1 − 612 =⇒ s =
−5
so we have

5(611 + 610 + ... + 62 + 6 + 1) 6 612 − 1

− 6 = − 66
66 − 1 66 − 1
= (66 + 1) − 66 = 1

2. Simplify

a+b a−b a2/3 − b2/3

− −
a2/3 − a1/3 b1/3 + b2/3 a2/3 + a1/3 b1/3 + b2/3 a1/3 − b1/3

Solution:
Notice that all powers are multiple of 1/3. Now let x = a1/3 , y = b1/3 ,
then the form becomes:

x3 + y 3 x3 − y 3 x2 − y 2
− −
x2 − xy + y 2 x2 + xy + y 2 x−y

1
 (x + y)(x2 − xy + y 2 ) (x − y)(x2 + xy + y 2 ) x2 − y 2
= − −
x2 − xy + y 2 x2 + xy + y 2 x−y

= (x + y) − (x − y) − (x + y) = y − x = b1/3 − a1/3

3. pass

4. Simplify

v s
u r
u √ q √

√
q
√
 q
√
t
2 3 7+4 3 − 2 2+ 3 3 + 5 − 13 + 48

Solution:
Notice that √ √ √
(2 +3)2 = 4 + 4 3 + 3 = 7 + 4 3
√ √ √
(1 + 3)2 = 1 + 2 3 + 3 = 4 + 2 3
√ √ √
(1 + 2 3)2 = 1 + 4 3 + 12 = 13 + 4 3

So the expression becomes:

s r
h√  √   √ i q √
2 3 2+ 3 − 1+ 3 3 + 5 − (1 + 2 3)

s r
√ i √
h q
= 2 2+ 3 3+ 4−2 3

s r r
√ i √ √ i √
h q h q
= 2 2+ 3 2
3 + (1 − 3) = 2 2 + 3 4− 3
r
√ √ √ √
q
= (1 + 3)2 4 − 3 = (1 + 3)(4 − 3)1/4

2
 p p 
1
5. Given x = 2
a/b − b/a , with a, b > 0. Evaluate
√
2a 1 + x2
√
x + 1 + x2

Solution:
√
A → 2a 1 + x2
√
x + 1 + x2

((a/b) − 2 + (b/a)) a2 + b 2 1
x2 = = −
4 4ab 2
2 2 2 2
a +b 2ab + a + b (a + b)2
1 + x2 = (1/2) + = =
4ab 4ab 4ab
so we have √
√ (a + b) (a + b) ab
1 + x2 = √ =
2 ab 2ab
√
(a + b) ab
A=
b
The expression becomes:
√
(a+b) ab
b
√
x + 1 + x2
√
(a + b) ab √
= · ( 1 + x2 − x)
b
√ " √ #
(a + b) ab (a + b) ab 1 p p 
= · − a/b − b/a
b 2ab 2
(a + b)2 ab
 
(a + b)a (a + b)b
= − −
2ab2 2b 2b
(a + b)2 − (a2 − b2 )
=
2b
2ab + 2b2
= =a+b
2b
3
 q
n−1
6. If x = n+1
, show that
 2  2
x x
+ = n(n − 1)
x−1 x+1

Solution:
r r √ √
n−1 n+1 n−1− n+1
x−1= − = √
n+1 n+1 n+1
r r √ √
n−1 n+1 n−1+ n+1
x+1= + = √
n+1 n+1 n+1

√ √ √ √ √
x n−1 n − 1( n − 1 + n + 1) ((n − 1) + n2 − 1)
=√ √ = =
x−1 n−1− n+1 −2 −2

√ √ √ √ √
x n−1 n − 1( n − 1 − n + 1) ((n − 1) − n2 − 1)
=√ √ = =
x+1 n−1+ n+1 −2 −2

So
 2  2
x x
+
x−1 x+1

√ √
(n − 1)2 + 2(n − 1) n2 − 1 + (n2 − 1) (n − 1)2 − 2(n − 1) n2 − 1 + (n2 − 1)
= +
4 4
(n − 1)2 + (n2 − 1) (n − 1) [(n − 1) + (n + 1)]
= = = n(n − 1)
2 2