Sewage-ExtendedAeration - Design Guildlines PDF

TECH
T NICAL
L SPAN TS
T 1402::2016
SPEC
S IFICAT
TION
SEWA
S GE TR
REATM
MENT S
SYSTEM
Standa
S rd Sew
wage Tre
eatmennt Plantt
Part
P 1 - Extend
ded Aeration ((150 - 5000
5 PE
E)
Sewera
age Regula
atory Depa
artment
SPAN TS 1402:2016
CONTENTS
Page
1.0 Scope ....................................................................................................... 8
2.0 Normative Reference ............................................................................. 8
3.0 Terms and Definitions .............................................................................. 8
3.1 biochemical oxygen demand, BOD .................................................... 8
3.2 chemical oxygen demand, COD......................................................... 8
3.3 design capacity ...................................................................................... 8
3.4 effluent ..................................................................................................... 8
3.5 equipment ............................................................................................... 9
3.6 population equivalent (PE) .................................................................... 9
3.7 performance requirements ................................................................... 9
3.8 regulatory authority ................................................................................ 9
3.9 scum ......................................................................................................... 9
3.10 sewage..................................................................................................... 9
4.0 Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) Drawings ........................................... 10
4.1 General Requirements ......................................................................... 10
4.2 Layout ..................................................................................................... 10
5.0 Civil and Structural (C&S) Requirements ........................................... 11
5.1 Reference Standards ........................................................................... 11
5.2 Soil and Hydraulics ................................................................................ 12
5.3 Concrete................................................................................................ 13
5.4 Reinforcement....................................................................................... 14
5.5 Coating for Steel ................................................................................... 14
5.6 Water Supply ......................................................................................... 15
5.7 Roads and Access ................................................................................ 16
5.8 Perimeter Drain...................................................................................... 16
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
5.9 Effluent Discharge ................................................................................. 17
5.10 Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP) .............................................................. 17
5.11 Aluminium .............................................................................................. 19
5.12 High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) ...................................................... 19
5.13 Marine Corrosive Environment ............................................................ 19
6.0 Mechanical and Electrical Requirements ......................................... 20
6.1 Mechanical Design Consideration ..................................................... 20
6.2 Mechanical Installation Considerations............................................. 20
6.3 Noise ....................................................................................................... 22
6.4 Odour Control ....................................................................................... 22
6.5 Motors, Controllers and Motor Starters ............................................... 23
6.5.1 Motors .......................................................................................... 23
6.5.2 Controllers ................................................................................... 23
6.5.3 Motor Starters.............................................................................. 23
6.6 Power Supply Systems .......................................................................... 23
6.7 Switchgear and Control Gear Assemblies......................................... 24
6.8 Control Room and Cabinets ............................................................... 25
6.9 Control Requirements........................................................................... 26
6.9.1 Manual Control .......................................................................... 26
6.9.2 Drive Systems .............................................................................. 26
6.10 Early Warning System (EWS)................................................................. 26
6.11 Instrumentation ..................................................................................... 26
6.12 Cables and Cabling Installation ......................................................... 27
6.12.1 General ....................................................................................... 27
6.12.2 Instrumentation .......................................................................... 27
6.12.3 Buried Cables ............................................................................. 27
6.12.4 Underground Ducts ................................................................... 27
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
6.12.5 Conduits ...................................................................................... 28
6.12.6 Cable Support Systems ............................................................. 28
6.13 Earthing and Lightning Protection ...................................................... 28
6.13.1 General Purpose Power ............................................................ 29
6.13.2 Manuals and Labelling .............................................................. 29
7.0 Process Design Requirements ............................................................. 30
7.1 Design Influent and Effluent Values .................................................... 30
7.2 Inlet Chamber ....................................................................................... 31
7.3 Primary Screens ..................................................................................... 31
7.4 Pump Stations ........................................................................................ 32
7.5 Secondary Screen Chamber .............................................................. 33
7.6 Grit and Grease Chamber .................................................................. 33
7.7 Anoxic Tank ........................................................................................... 34
7.8 Aeration Tank ........................................................................................ 35
7.9 Blower Room.......................................................................................... 36
7.10 Secondary Clarifier ............................................................................... 37
7.10.1 General ....................................................................................... 37
The design requirements shall include: .............................................. 37
7.10.2 Weirs............................................................................................. 37
7.10.3 Square Clarifiers.......................................................................... 38
7.11 Disinfection Tank ................................................................................... 38
7.11.1 Disinfection with Hypochlorite .................................................. 39
7.12 Flow measurement ............................................................................... 40
7.13 Sludge Holding Tank ............................................................................. 40
7.14 Sludge Drying Bed (If Applicable) ...................................................... 41
7.15 Sludge Storage Hut (If applicable) ..................................................... 42
7.16 Control Room ........................................................................................ 42
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.17 Ancillary Requirement .......................................................................... 43
7.18 Yard Lighting .......................................................................................... 44
7.19 Handrail, Safety Chain, Staircase, Grating and Chequered Plate 45
7.20 Toilet........................................................................................................ 46
7.21 Lifting Facility ......................................................................................... 46
7.22 Ventilation .............................................................................................. 47
7.23 Painting for Pipe Works ......................................................................... 49
7.24 Plumbing Works ..................................................................................... 49
7.25 General Mechanical and Electrical ................................................... 50
8.0 Reporting Format .................................................................................. 52
9.0 Construction and Installation .............................................................. 52
9.1 General .................................................................................................. 52
9.2 Quality control ....................................................................................... 52
9.3 Health and safety requirements ......................................................... 52
9.4 Inspection .............................................................................................. 54
10.0 Testing and Commissioning ................................................................. 54
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
TABLES
Table 1 Range of PE .............................................................................................................. 10
Table 2 Design Influent Values ............................................................................................. 30
Table 3 Design Effluent Values ............................................................................................. 30
Table 4 Inlet Chamber Requirements ................................................................................. 31
Table 5 Primary Screen Requirements ................................................................................ 31
Table 6 Pump Station Requirements ................................................................................... 32
Table 7 Secondary Screen Chamber Requirements ........................................................ 33
Table 8 Grit Chamber Requirements .................................................................................. 33
Table 9 Grease Chamber Requirements ........................................................................... 34
Table 10 Grit and Grease Sand Bed Requirements .......................................................... 34
Table 11 Anoxic Tank Requirements ................................................................................... 34
Table 12 Aeration Tank Requirements ................................................................................ 35
Table 13 Blower Room Requirements ................................................................................. 36
Table 14 Secondary Clarifier Requirements ....................................................................... 38
Table 15 Chlorination Chamber Requirements ................................................................. 39
Table 16 Flow Measurement Requirements ....................................................................... 40
Table 17 Sludge Holding Tank Requirements..................................................................... 40
Table 18 Sludge Drying Bed Requirements ........................................................................ 41
Table 19 Sludge Storage Hut Requirements ...................................................................... 42
Table 20 Control Room Requirements ................................................................................ 42
Table 21 Anti-Climb, Brick Wall Fencing Requirements .................................................... 43
Table 22 Sliding Gate Requirements ................................................................................... 43
Table 23 Yard Lighting Requirements ................................................................................. 44
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
Table 24 Handrail, Staircase, Grating and Chequered Plate Requirements ................ 45
Table 25 Toilet Requirements ............................................................................................... 46
Table 26 Lifting Requirements .............................................................................................. 46
Table 27 Common Ventilation Rates .................................................................................. 48
Table 28 Plumbing Work Requirements .............................................................................. 50
Table 29 Bolt and Nut Requirements .................................................................................. 50
Table 30 Piping Works Requirements .................................................................................. 50
Table 31 Emergency Shutoff Switch, Junction Box & Electrical Services Requirements
.................................................................................................................................................. 51
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
ANNEXES
ANNEX A: REFERENCES .......................................................................................................... 55
ANNEX B: STANDARD STP DRAWINGS ................................................................................. 62
ANNEX C: INSPECTION GUIDE & TYPICAL LIST OF DEFECTS............................................... 67
ANNEX D: MASS BALANCE AND HYDRAULIC PROFILE ...................................................... 89
ANNEX E: PROCESS DESIGN CALCULATION ......................................................................... 1
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
1.0 Scope
The Technical Specification of Sewage Treatment Systems: Standard Sewage
Treatment Plant, Part 1 - Extended Aeration (150 PE - 5000 PE) covers the following
requirements:
a) Section 1: Layout and Design
b) Section 2: Construction and Installation
c) Section 3: Testing and Commissioning
2.0 Normative Reference

The documents and publications that are requisite for application of this
specification are listed in ANNEX A. For undated references, only the edition cited
and the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments)
applies.
3.0 Terms and Definitions

For the purpose of this specification, the following terms and definitions apply:
3.1 biochemical oxygen demand, BOD

The concentration of dissolved oxygen consumed under specified conditions (5
days at 20°C with or without nitrification inhibition) by the biological oxidation of
organic and/or inorganic matter in water
3.2 chemical oxygen demand, COD

The concentration of oxygen equivalent to the amount of dichromate consumed
when a water sample is treated with that oxidant under defined conditions
3.3 design capacity

Maximum flows and loads of the sewage the facilities are designed for, which
conform to the specified consent effluent standard
3.4 effluent
The liquid discharged from a sewage treatment process
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
3.5 equipment
Any component which is installed in, mounted on, attached to, or operated on
structures in the performance of their intended function
3.6 population equivalent (PE)

The equivalent, in terms of fixed population of a varying or transient population or
other activity (e.g. industrial, commercial contributing flow to the sewerage system)
3.7 performance requirements

The functions that a system has to perform in order to operate as required
3.8 regulatory authority

The authority which is empowered by statute to be responsible for regulating
sewerage industry
3.9 scum
The floating mass of sewage solids buoyed up by entrained gas, grease or other
substances which form an accumulating layer on the liquid surface inside the tank.
3.10 sewage
Any liquid discharges containing human excreta, animal or vegetable matters in
suspensions or solution derived from domestic activities and being generated from
household, commercial, institutional and industrial premises including liquid
discharges from water closets, basins, sinks, bathrooms and other sanitary
appliances but excluding rain water and prohibited effluent.
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
4.0 Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) Drawings

4.1 General Requirements
a) This technical specification shall be read in conjunction with the typical
drawings in Annex B;
b) All dimensions shown in the drawings are in millimeters (minimum) unless
otherwise stated and shall be checked on site before commencement of
works;
c) The drawings are scaled to suit A3 paper size;
d) The drawing code is to be read as follows:
AAA/BBB/CCC/1234 Example: SPAN TS 1402/Type A/LP/01
whereby; AAA - Technical Specification Title

BBB - PE Range
CCC - Drawing Title
1234 - Drawing No.
4.2 Layout
The typical layout of the system shall be in accordance with drawings as stipulated
in Annex B that varies in PE ranges as listed below;
Table 1 Range of PE
PE range Drawing No.

150 ≤ PE ≤1000 SPAN TS 1402/Type A/LP/01
1000 < PE ≤ 3000 SPAN TS 1402/Type B/LP/01
3000 < PE ≤ 5000 SPAN TS 1402/Type C/LP/01
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
5.0 Civil and Structural (C&S) Requirements

5.1 Reference Standards
All elements are to be designed to the Competent Person’s requirements complying
with the specified standards, other appropriate standards and current standards.
The references are as listed below:-
a) Structural elements - BS EN 1990+A1, BS EN 1992+A1, BS EN 1992-3, MS 1195 Part
2;
b) Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cement - BS
EN 197-1
c) Cement to be used to resist sulphate attack - MS 1037, BS EN 15743+A1;
d) Pulverized-fuel ash - MS 1226: Part 1;
e) Ground granulated blast furnace slag - MS EN 15167 Part 1 and 2;
f) Aggregates - MS EN 12620;
g) Steel:
i) Steel reinforcement - BS 4449+A2;
ii) Cold reduced mild steel wire and steel fabric - MS 144, MS 145;
iii) Hot rolled steel bars and sections - MS 146, EN 10210;
iv) Welding of steel reinforcement - BS EN ISO 17660-1, BS EN ISO 17660-2;
v) Structural steel sections - BS 4-1;
vi) Cold rolled steel sections - EN 10162;
vii) Weldable structural steel and minor structural steelwork - EN 10025;
viii) Steel tube- EN 10296, EN 10297, EN 10305;
ix) Structural steel in building and all other steelwork - MS 415;
h) Admixtures - MS 822, MS EN 934, BS EN 934-2;
i) Waterstops for sealing joints in concrete - MS 1292;
j) Ultra high-build paint- AS/NZS 3750.2;
k) Alkyd/micaceous iron oxide- AS/NZS 3750.12;
l) Hot dip galvanized coating - MS 740;
m) Sealed sprayed zinc coating - EN ISO 2063;
n) Other coatings - Table 3 Part 8 of BS 5493;
o) Steel substrates - BS 7079;
p) Other corrosion protection coating for steelwork - BS 5493 or AS/NZS 2312.1;
q) Nuts, bolts, screws and washers in contact with sewage shall be stainless steel
of Grade 316S31 steel in accordance with BS EN 10088 Part 1and 3 or EN 10029
and EN ISO 9445;
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
r) Bolts, nuts, screws, fasteners and washers other than stainless steel shall conform
to MS 739 and BS 4921;
s) FRP:
i) All other FRP products - ASTM C582 for FRP laminates;
ii) Fire rating - ASTM E84, BS 476;
iii) Unsaturated polyester resins - Type B or C of BS 3532;
iv) E glass and E-CR glass -BS EN 14118 Part 1, 2 and 3, BS 3396-1, BS 3749;
v) Textile glass rovings - EN 14020;
vi) FRP water tanks - MS 1241 where not constructed of FRP panels, MS 1390
where constructed of FRP panels;
t) Anodic oxidation coating on aluminium-BS EN ISO 3210;
u) Structural design, materials, workmanship and protection of aluminium -
BS EN 1999-1-4+A1; BS EN 1999-1-3+A1; BS EN 1999-1-1+A2;
v) Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloys:
i) BS 1161 for structural purposes;
ii) BS EN 485 for sheet,strip and plate;
iii) BS EN 754 for drawn tube;
iv) BS EN 755 for extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles;
v) BS EN 1676 for ingots and castings;
vi) BS 4868 for profiled sheet;
w) Marine corrosive environment:
i) Concrete resistant to all chemical attacks - BS EN 1990;
ii) Structural steelwork shall be thoroughly descaled to second quality - BS
7079.
5.2 Soil and Hydraulics

a) Soil bearing capacity to be taken as minimum 100kN/m2;
b) Soil bearing pressure for brickwork fencing is to be taken as more than 50kN/m2.
c) Soil investigation is required to determine soil condition and requirement of
piling;
d) All sub-grade compaction shall be determined by geotechnical results;
e) Hydraulically shall be 50mm drop from component to component;
f) Actual levels shall be determined from hydraulic calculation of actual plant
design and actual site survey;
g) Minimum openings are as stated in the drawings but should be designed
according to hydraulic needs;
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
h) Freeboard shall be 500mm for process tank;

i) The emergency overflow pipe shall be located at inlet chamber whereby the
level shall be lower than the lowest manhole ground level;
j) Competent Person is allowed to propose overflow pipe at lowest cast manhole
ground level which shall not create public nuisance;
k) Flap gate shall be provided to avoid back flow from the river/ main drain;
l) Plant hydraulic must be designed properly to ensure the discharge head is
adequate to open the flap valve at any circumstances.
5.3 Concrete
a) Unless otherwise stated, the design working life of all concrete structures shall
be 50 years;
b) Concrete for structures retaining sewage shall be designed for buoyancy due
to ground condition;
c) Concrete for structures retaining sewage shall be of grade 35A;
d) Concrete for all other structures (except for fencing) shall be of grade 35;
e) Concrete for fencing shall be of grade 25/20;
f) Mass concrete for benching shall be of grade 35A;
g) Mass concrete and lean concrete for fencing shall be of grade C20;
h) Concrete structures retaining sewage shall be lined with high alumina cement
mortar of 20mm thickness;
i) All concrete shall be sufficiently vibrated;
j) Concrete and cement mortar exposed to soils or groundwater, cement
suitably resistant to sulphate attack shall be used for the entire structure;
k) Cement to be used to resist sulphate attack shall be:
l) Sulphate-resisting Portland cement;
m) Portland pulverized fuel ash cement;
n) Ground granulated blast furnace slag;
o) High silica content Portland cement;
p) Super sulphated cement;
q) Approval for admixtures shall be obtained prior to inclusion in the concrete mix;
r) All bottom of tank shall be chamfered to avoid dead zones.
s) The water used for mixing and curing shall be fresh, clean and not contain any
organic matter, sulphate or other impurities in sufficient quantities to reduce the
strength of the concrete or attack the concrete of the reinforcement;
t) The building area / compound shall be of mass concrete;
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
5.4 Reinforcement
a) Minor structural steelwork shall be Grade 43A;
b) Stirrups / links shall be of mild steel;
c) Bar lap length shall be of 50 times the diameter of bar;
d) Open type flooring:
i) where cut outs are required in flooring around pipework or other
obstruction, a continuous nosing bar shall be fully welded to all bearing
bars around the cut out;
ii) maximum weight is 40kg;
iii) superimposed loading is 5kN/m2;
iv) deflection shall not exceed span/200 or 10mm whichever is lesser when
fully loaded;
v) clearance around the obstruction shall not exceed 30mm.
5.5 Coating for Steel

a) Steelwork that may be in contact with sewage through immersion, splash or
spray, or that is over tanks containing sewage, shall be protected against
corrosion using one of the following coating systems:
i) high build tar epoxy system shall be applied in two or more coats to
give a total dry film thickness of not less than 200µm;
ii) high build micaceous iron oxide pigmented epoxy system shall be
applied in two or more coats to give a total dry film thickness of not less
200µm;
iii) hot dip galvanized coating of 140µm nominal thickness;
iv) sealed sprayed zinc coating of 150µm nominal thickness;
b) Other coatings providing 10 to 20 years’ service, before first maintenance shall
be considered for approval by the Commission;
c) Steelwork that is exposed to the external atmosphere, except severe
marine atmospheres, shall be protected against corrosion using one of the
following coating systems;
d) Steelwork that is exposed to the external atmosphere, except severe
marine atmospheres, shall be protected against corrosion using one of the
following coating systems:
i) a prime coat of a two pack polyamide cured epoxy zinc phosphate of
dry film thickness 60 to 80µm with a finishing coat of a high build
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
micaceous iron oxide chlorinated rubber paint, spray applied to a dry film
thickness of 60 to no more than 80µm;
ii) hot dip galvanized coating of 85µm nominal thickness;
iii) sealed sprayed zinc coating of 150µm nominal thickness;
e) Steel substrates shall be prepared before application of coatings;
f) Other corrosion protection coating systems for steelwork (for tropical
atmospheres), provide 20 or more years to first maintenance;
g) Unprotected steelwork in contact with sewage shall be stainless steel grade
316L;
h) Successive coatings of the one component shall be tinted a different colour to
facilitate over coating and inspection;
i) All coatings shall be applied strictly in accordance with the coating
manufacturer’s printed instructions;
j) Bolts, nuts, screws and other fasteners shall have either hot dip galvanized,
sherardized zinc or electro plating coating;
k) Washers and other small components shall have either hot dip galvanized, or
sherardized zinc coating;
l) Fasteners of incompatible material to the component being fastened shall
have suitable isolating washers and sleeves.
5.6 Water Supply

a) Water shall be connected to potable supply that provides a minimum pressure
of 20m head across the site;
b) Water tank of at least 445 liter storage capacities or one day water usage or
whichever is higher shall be provided;
c) Double backflow prevention shall be provided in all cases to prevent
contamination of any potable water service, including the incoming supply
line;
d) The water supply system shall be sized to meet the following cases:
i) firefighting demand as instructed by the local regulations and any essential
plant water demands;
ii) all potentially simultaneous process uses, equipment uses and a for plant
cleansing;
e) All water supplies and its installation (piping, tanks, air conditioning drainpipes,
gutters and etc.) must be totally isolated from all potential contact of electrical
system;
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
f) Where required, wash water shall be equipped with booster pump and where
possible, obtain from reclaimed water.
5.7 Roads and Access

a) Earth formation to be compacted or reinforced concrete road and withstand
a load of at least 15 tonnes;
b) Construction shall comply with Public Works Department requirements;
c) On-site road shall be able to provide safe and convenient access for trucks or
other machinery equipment used for maintenance purposes;
d) Minimum width of the road shall be 4m;
e) Where vehicles need to pass frequently or parking is required along the road,
the minimum width shall be 6m;
f) Corner of junction for perimeter internal road for tankers or trucks access shall
have a minimum inside radius of 6m;
g) Inside radius for perimeter road not intended for tankers or trucks access shall
be not less than 4m;
h) Where roads for maintenance vehicles or machineries are not required,
concrete or hard surfaced walkways of at least 900mm width shall be provided
between each process unit;
i) Concrete hardstanding area can be laid where storage bins are located;
j) The use of steps shall be avoided, where possible;
k) Where the ingress or egress of the treatment plant is near a junction of a public
road, an adequate acceleration and deceleration lane must be made
available between the access road and the junction for vehicles to safely
enter and leave the treatment plant;
l) Slope area within the treatment plant reserve shall be premixed.
5.8 Perimeter Drain

a) Drainage shall conform to local authority standard requirements and shall be
of 225mm half round salt glaze ware drain (HRSGW);
b) Velocity shall be on range of 0.8 m/s to 4.0 m/s;
c) Reinforced concrete cover shall be provided for drain depth >1000mm;
d) Drainage sump of 300mm x 300mm to be provided when there is a change of
flow direction;
e) Heavy duty mild steel grating shall be used for drainage sump;
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
f) Any cleaning or maintenance process wash water must be returned to the inlet
works via a separate drainage system;
g) External drainage facilities must be provided for treatment plant along the
slope area;
h) Cut off drainage at the entrance must also be provided;
i) Drainage routing shall be adjusted to suit the site condition;
j) Location of perimeter drainage discharge shall be determined by on site
condition.
5.9 Effluent Discharge

a) Flap gate shall be provided to avoid back flow from the river/ main drain;
b) Plant hydraulic must be designed properly to ensure the discharge head is
adequate to open the flap valve at any circumstances;
c) Effluent discharge shall be directed to the main drain or river to avoid
discharging effluent into a drain within the residential area;
d) Discharge to a retention pond is not allowed unless prior approval has been
granted;
e) The receiving drain/watercourse shall have sufficient capacity to accept the
run-off from the plant as well as the effluent discharge from the treatment
plant.
5.10 Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP)

Only FRP products approved by the Commission shall be used and FRP products
shall not be used for access purposes. The thickness of the structural section of the
FRP wall shall not be less than 10mm. Notwithstanding any other requirements in
standards, all FRP products, including FRP tanks and vessels for sewage treatment
processes, shall conform to the following material requirements:
a) FRP properties shall be as determined by design but shall not be less than the
following values:
i) Tensile strength - 80 MPa
ii) Tensile modulus - 7000 MPa
iii) Flexural strength - 140 MPa
iv) Flexural modulus - 6000 MPa
v) Water absorption-≤ 0.75 %
vi) Barcol hardness - 40
vii) Operating temperature is -40°C to +50°C
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
viii) Specific gravity - ≥ 1.5

ix) Fire rating - < 25s or Class 1
b) Unsaturated polyester resins shall be used but shall only be isophthallic,
bisphenol A fumurate or terephthalic polyester resins;
c) All surfaces shall have a resin rich layer, gel coat;
d) Surfaces in contact with sewage, water or any moisture shall comprise of a
resin rich layer at least 1 mm thick;
e) All other surfaces shall comprise of a resin rich layer at least 0.25 mm thick up to
10% by mass of corrosion resistant glass fibres, (that is, C-glass or E-CR glass),
polyester fibres or acrylic fibres may be used in the surface layer;
f) A barrier layer shall be provided behind the surface layer and shall be at least
1.5 mm thick;
g) The barrier layer shall comprise of 70to 80% by weight resin with the remainder
by weight being E glass or E-CR glass;
h) The structural layer shall comprise resin impregnated layers of E glass or E-CR
glass and shall comprise at least 25 % E glassor E-CR glass. Aggregate and filler
may be included;
i) E glass and E-CR glass shall be of glass rovings, chopped strand mat woven
fabric or woven roving fabric;
j) Glass fibres shall have a surface treatment compatible with the manufacturing
process to ensure bonding to the resin;
k) Aggregates shall only be used in FRP structural layers and external layers.
Aggregates shall be clean, washed, high grade silica sand containing not less
than 95% silica;
l) Aggregates shall be of a size not greater than 20% of the thickness of the FRP
structural layer with a particle size not less than 0.05 mm and not greater than
5mm;
m) Fillers shall only be used as a resin extender and shall comprise of clean inert
material, for example, silica, with particle size less than 0.05 mm;
n) Surfaces exposed to sunlight shall incorporate provisions to minimize ultraviolet
degradation, such as, ultraviolet inhibitors, screening agents or pigment in the
outer resin rich layer;
o) Pigments and dyes shall not normally be required, but where required by the
Commission, shall be of a type and colour specified by the Commission.
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
5.11 Aluminium
a) Aluminium is found primarily as the ore bauxite and is remarkable for its
resistance to corrosion (due to the phenomenon of passivation) and its light
weight;
b) Structural components made from aluminium and its alloys are very important
in which light weight, durability, and strength are needed.
5.12 High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)

a) High density polyethylene (HDPE) is the high density version of PE plastic;
b) Its molecules have an extremely long carbon backbone with no side groups;
c) As a result, these molecules align into more compact arrangements,
accounting for the higher density of HDPE;
d) HDPE is stiffer, stronger, and less translucent than low-density polyethylene;
e) HDPE is lighter than water, and can be moulded, machined and joined
together using welding;
f) High density polyethylene shall comply to the following physical properties:
i) Tensile Strength0.20 - 0.40 n/mm2;
ii) Notched Impact Strength no break kJ/m2;
iii) Thermal Coefficient of expansion100 - 220 x 10-6;
iv) Max Cont use Temp650°C;
v) Density0.944 - 0.965g/cm3;
vi) Minimum required strength 8.0 MPa.
5.13 Marine Corrosive Environment

a) All areas within 5 km from the coast line or salt water bodies shall be classified
as marine environment;
b) Sewerage facilities in marine and corrosive environment e.g. where the
atmosphere or soil contains high levels of chloride, sulphates and corrosive
chemical elements or compounds shall be adequately designed to withstand
the corrosive actions of the chemicals prevalent in the environment;
c) Necessary protections shall be provided against all corrosive actions of the
environment;
d) Design requirement for facilities in marine and corrosive environment shall
include two coats of sodium silicate that shall be applied to all external
surfaces of concrete structures;
e) Exposed metal shall be of corrosion resistant and of marine grade;
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
f) Proper smooth surface finishing shall be provided for the metal;

g) Unprotected metals acceptable for SS316L, aluminium alloy or materials
suitable for use in corrosive environment acceptable by the Commission;
h) All structural steelwork shall be painted with 2 coats of two pack epoxy based
red lead primer before leaving the manufacturer ’s works;
i) In addition, all structural steelwork shall be provided with protective paint
for chloride, sulphate or the prevailing chemicals in the site after installation;
j) Cathodic protection shall be provided for all load bearing steel structures in
marine environment for a minimum life of 50 years.
6.0 Mechanical and Electrical Requirements

6.1 Mechanical Design Consideration
a) The design shall simplify the equipment required, control system, maintenance
and operational procedures, while fulfilling the intended performance and
standard of service;
b) The brand and models of major drive equipment (e.g.: pumps, blowers,
aerators, clarifier scrappers, etc.) shall be those approved by the Commission;
c) The types and makes of equipment provided throughout the facility shall be
standardized, whenever possible;
d) Only new and genuine equipment shall be provided;
e) Equipment sizing and selection shall minimize energy and other consumables /
costs;
f) The minimum economic life of equipment;
g) Material selection shall be in accordance with the Commission specifications
or/and other relevant international standards;
h) Components shall be robust and suitable for use. Where thin metal sheeting is
used, it shall be stiffened to minimize distortion;
i) Water storage tanks shall not be placed on the roof top of any control room; all
water supply system shall be homed with separate entrance.
6.2 Mechanical Installation Considerations

a) The base frame of rotational equipment or any equipment that may induce
vibration shall be provided with anti-vibration mount;
b) All revolving parts shall be properly balanced both statically and dynamically
so that there shall be no undue vibration anywhere in the machine or
transmitted to the adjacent structure;
20
SPAN TS 1402:2016
c) The criteria adopted for vibration severity shall be the RMS value of the
vibration velocity in millimeters per second;
d) Where rotational equipment or equipment which may induce vibration is
connected to piping, then vibration isolator shall be provided;
e) All moving parts shall be designed and installed in a manner that is inherently
safe to operate;
f) Foundations shall be adequately designed to include all dynamic load and
anchored to withstand all loads imposed by the equipment;
g) Equipment shall be accurately located, levelled and secured by holding down
bolts;
h) Non-shrink grout shall then be used to complete the foundation. In some cases,
a resilient connection to the foundation is required, in which case, the
manufacturer’s instructions shall be followed;
i) Puddle collar is required for all pipe passing through all walls;
j) Appropriate joints shall be provided in all pipe works to facilitate the removal of
equipment, meters, valves and other special items without dismantling the
entire pipeline;
k) Valves shall be provided for isolation purpose;
l) Outdoor and dry installation pump shall be provided with housing;
m) Competent Person must ensure that the unit processes are arranged in such a
way to prevent/reduce criss-crossing of piping works, unnecessary bends,
choking of interconnected pipe and excessive hydraulic losses through the
system;
n) The platform level of mechanical equipment and electrical control system of
any process unit shall be located above design flood level;
o) Silencers and acoustic enclosures shall be provided as required to achieve
noise level reduction;
p) Enclosures used to achieve these noise reductions shall permit ready access to
the equipment for routine maintenance;
q) Adequate air ventilation shall be provided to allow cooling of the enclosure to
prevent overheating of the equipment/motors;
r) The fixing and co-ordination by exact position of service to and from sanitary
fitting shall be the responsibility of contractor.
21
SPAN TS 1402:2016
6.3 Noise
a) Noise level measurement in dB (A) shall be made with a sound level meter
which complies with BS EN 61672 Part 1, 2 and 3;
b) Noise level for all electronically operated electrical device such as soft starters,
variable speed drives and others shall conform to IEC and EN. Thus it shall fulfill
all EMC Immunity requirements complying with BS EN 61000-6 Part 1 and 2;
c) Noise level generated shall comply with the requirements stipulated in
Factories and Machinery (Noise Exposure) Regulations 1989, The Planning
Guidelines for Environmental Noise Limits and Control by Department of
Environment.
6.4 Odour Control

Odour control requirements shall be applied upon condition set during planning
stage as follow:
a) Isolate odorous gases from general ventilation by containing identified odour
generating sources with a separate local exhaust system;
b) Containment of the odour sources shall be by installing lightweight and
corrosion resistant covers/enclosures designed for practical operation and
maintenance works;
c) Local exhaust rates for containment shall be designed to provide a negative
pressure preventing buildup of toxic, corrosive or explosive gases and to
include provision for process air or air displaced by changes in the level of
liquid inside the covered space;
d) The odorous air in the local exhaust system shall be conveyed through well
designed and balanced ductworks by a centrifugal fan to an effective odour
treatment system;
e) Odour treatment equipment shall be selected such that odour is reduced to
the lowest possible level and in compliance to the EQA;
f) In situation where specific gases such as hydrogen sulphide and ammonia are
significantly present, provide a pre-scrubber unit upstream of the main odour
treatment equipment;
g) Containment, exhaust and treatment shall be designed as an integrated
package;
h) Consideration must be given to the life span of the odour control system and
associated costs in operating and maintaining such a system.
22
SPAN TS 1402:2016
6.5 Motors, Controllers and Motor Starters

6.5.1 Motors
a) Provide readily replaceable anti-condensation heaters for motors that do not
require frequent operation.
b) At least three thermistors to be provided for motors which are >50 kW.
c) Electrical motors should be rated as continuous run.
d) Motors > 22kW shall be protected with soft starter or variable speed drive.
e) Where water hammer prevails, frequency inverter shall be provided.
f) The appropriate cooling system based on the requirements of the equipment

shall be provided.
6.5.2 Controllers
a) Start push buttons to be green and recessed

b) Stop push buttons to be red and recessed
c) Emergency stop push button to be red and mushroom head type
d) ON signal lamps to be green
e) OFF signal lamps to be red
f) Trip signal lamps to be amber
6.5.3 Motor Starters
a) Up to 3.7 kW - Direct-On-Line starters

b) Above 3.7 and up to 7.5 kW - Star/Delta starters
c) Above 7.5 and up to 22 kW - Auto-transformer starters
d) More than 22 kW - Soft starter
e) Above 50 kW - Variable speed drive is preferred
Soft starting of motors above 30kW or greater in size is necessary to minimize power
disturbances (e.g. power surge) and process disturbances (e.g. water hammer).
Variable speed drive shall be considered at application where variable capacity
maybe need to enhance the process flexibility, for example, aeration device and
blowers.
6.6 Power Supply Systems

a) All matters relating to electricity shall comply with Energy Commission Law and
any other subsidiary regulations;
23
SPAN TS 1402:2016
b) The power supply provided shall be single incomer with properly design control
overflow system during power failure (all electrical control system shall be
located above design flood level);
c) No direct tapping of power is allowed from distribution board (DB). Proper
protection shall be provided for any direct connection from switchboard;
d) Earth leakage current breaker (ELCB) shall be provided for DB;
e) The power system distribution shall be designed to achieve a minimum power
factor of 0.9;
f) For phase development, the plant and power system distribution shall be
designed for maximum load and installed in appropriate modular unit to
ensure that the minimum power factor is achievable at all phases of operation;
g) Equipment shall be protected by either moulded case circuit breaker (MCCB)
or miniature circuit breaker (MCB) based on its suitability;
h) Every control circuit shall be protected with separate MCB;
i) TNB meter panels shall be installed close to the site entrance or adjacent to but
physically separated from the main switchboard;
j) Suitable flexible steel conduit with approved adaptors shall be supplied and
fitted between the main switchboards;
k) All metering panel shall be located flush with the fence and door opening from
outside to enable TNB inspector to read the kWh and kVAhr reading;
l) Provide earthing connected with Current Transformer (CT) for Large Power
Consumer (LPC) (i.e. consumption with more than 100A or 10kW);
m) To provide earthing connected to ELCB/RCCB/ELR or Over Current & Earth
Fault relay to protect overcurrent and surge current to all wiring connected to
TNB metering panel for Large Power Customer (LPC) or Ordinary Power
Customer (OPC);
6.7 Switchgear and Control Gear Assemblies

a) Supply Authority Metering separated from the main switchboard;
b) Electro galvanized plates to be used to protect materials against corrosion due
to high humidity;
c) Panel isolators and door locks to be capable of padlocking open with 6 mm -
hasp padlock;
d) Separate panel boards to be used for general purpose light and power;
e) All motor starting equipment for an area to be grouped into multi-motor, starter
control board;
24
SPAN TS 1402:2016
f) Cabinets are to be constructed to prevent the ingress of insects and vermin;

g) For all incomer above 400A, over current and earth fault protection to be
provided on all starter circuits in excess of 200A;
h) Where a circuit has a main and standby supply, an isolator in each supply
circuit to be provided;
i) Junction boxes for submersible pumps and float controls shall be above the
floor or any possibility of flood level and must not be located in the wet well.
6.8 Control Room and Cabinets

a) Provide 900mm minimum clearance between an open door and any fixed
object;
b) Provide 900mm clearance between open cabinet doors of facing cabinets;
c) Front access cubicles to have the electrical clearance distances between
doors mounted equipment and gear tray mounted equipment as specified in
the regulations;
d) Main supply bus bars shall extend the full length of panels, and the panel
casings shall be effectively earthed;
e) Mount all equipment inside cabinets on gear trays;
f) All control panels shall be provided with phase sequence relay;
g) All cabinets to have a base frame, at least 50mm high;
h) All control rooms shall be isolated from invasive environment of the sewerage
system, where carbonization, corrosion or condensation may occurs that lead
to short-circuiting;
i) Height to be no greater than 1600mm internally;
j) Mount cabinet on reinforced concrete plinth, 200mm minimum above floor;
k) Provide reinforced concrete paved area for the full width of the cabinet and
extending 1m in front of the cabinet doors, when they are opened;
l) Natural ventilation is suitable for direct-on-line, star-delta and auto transformer
starters;
m) The minimum acceptable IP rating and tests required shall be clearly specified;
n) Cable entry from the bottom only.
25
SPAN TS 1402:2016
6.9 Control Requirements

6.9.1 Manual Control
a) Interlocks shall be provided to prevent damage to the equipment during
equipment start up, for example, bearing overload, overheated, temperature,
loss of cooling water, no flow when operating;
b) Selector switches to be provided at one location so that equipment can be
manually operated from that location.
6.9.2 Drive Systems

a) Each drive must be independently provided with the following features:
i) ON-starts and runs drive;
ii) OFF-stops drive;
iii) AUTO-operates the drive in accordance with automatic control system;
b) Indicate operation by an ammeter;
c) Record running hours with local indicator;
d) Local annunciation on motor starter of each fault condition;
e) Record kilo-Watt-hour (kWh) of major drive equipment.
6.10 Early Warning System (EWS)

a) For sewage treatment plants designed to comply with Standard A/B effluent
discharge and located upstream of the water intake point, EWS shall be
provided and comes with computer (monitoring) or data logger;
b) The EWS is used to monitor raw sewage pumps and blowers trip signals, high
water level, incoming power supply failure and RTUs health status;
c) EWS system shall be able to transmit digital and analog values via Short
Messaging Service (SMS), e-mail or via other telecommunication mean in text
mode to technical staff for the fast recovery of the treatment system;
d) The modules shall be able to interpret SMS message from the operator to
activate or deactivate long distance machine (remote control);
e) For public system, the EWS shall be integrated into a centralized monitoring
system.
6.11 Instrumentation
Provision for instrumentation shall be as follows:
a) Inlet Pump Station - Level;
b) Blower - Pressure;
26
SPAN TS 1402:2016
c) Effluent - Flow Measurement;

d) Electrical Drive - Amp/Volt/HR/kW/Power Factor meter;
e) Disinfection - Outlet water level indicator;
Instruments shall be installed in such a way that they can be removed for
maintenance without interrupting the process.
6.12 Cables and Cabling Installation

6.12.1 General
a) Segregate cables into the following categories:
i) Power (less than 1000 V phase to phase);
ii) Instrumentation / telemetry;
iii) Control;
b) Wherever possible, use a separate cable-support system for each cable
category;
c) Separate such cable support systems by minimum clear distances of 300mm;
d) When one cable support system has to be used, separate cable categories by
minimum clear distances of 150mm;
e) Secure cable at 900mm intervals for horizontal runs and 300mm for vertical runs;
f) Cable ties shall be made of non-corrosive material and if exposed to the
environment, shall have UV protection;
g) All cables shall be at least of double PVC protection, and if exposed to the
environment then armoured cable shall be provided.
6.12.2 Instrumentation
a) Use separate cables for digital and analog signals;
b) Marshal cables in a process or geographical area into junction boxes;
c) Use multi-pair cables between areas.
6.12.3 Buried Cables
a) Install cables without trees or through joints, unless approved;

b) All buried cables shall be laid in ducts.
6.12.4 Underground Ducts

a) Construct road crossings from uPVC conduit of minimum 100mm diameter with
900mm cover and encased on all sides with 150mm concrete;
27
SPAN TS 1402:2016
b) All other ducts to be PVC conduit laid with a minimum cover of 600mm. Ducts
to be bedded in 75mm sieved sand;
c) Provide draw strings in all ducts;
d) Provide cable pits to suit cabling layout and to allow drain-in of cables through
the duct work;
e) Cable pits shall be provided no greater than 100m apart. They shall be fitted
with trafficable cast iron covers and equipped with drainage;
f) Seal ducts into buildings with approved systems providing a fire rating of 30
minutes.
6.12.5 Conduits
a) All cabling within buildings or structures where cable trays are not permitted,
and in all external locations, shall be installed within conduits;
b) Conduits installed externally shall be arranged to minimize their length and
exposure;
c) PVC heavy duty conduit is permissible, where it is protected from physical
damage and UV, otherwise, metal or flexible conduits shall be used;
d) Use flexible steel reinforced conduit for connections, where relative movement
and removal for maintenance has to be considered.
6.12.6 Cable Support Systems

a) Ensure cable support systems in electrical switch rooms, equipment (for
example, pump) rooms and service galleries;
b) When run in common service galleries, ensure cables are not adjacent to hot
services.
6.13 Earthing and Lightning Protection

a) 2W UTX for earthing system / manhole with sufficient diameter size and number
of pipe(s) shall be allocated / separated for earthing conductor / tape and
electrical cable/wiring services;
b) Lightning arrestor material shall be of copper and embedded in the wall;
c) Provide earthing and lightning protection to meet local regulations;
d) Use a specialist inspector to verify the installation;
e) Earthing test results shall be submitted and results shall be below or equal to 1
Ohm;
28
SPAN TS 1402:2016
f) Lightning arrestor test results shall be submitted and results shall not more than 5
Ohms;
g) Earthing and lightning arrestor chamber shall be of pre-cast material.
6.13.1 General Purpose Power

Provide general purpose power socket outlets as follows:
a) Single phase outlet rated at 10A adjacent to, or inside each control cabinet
and within 10 in of all equipment installations;
b) Three phase outlet rated at 50A within 20 in of every screen, sludge scraper,
clarifier rake, grit collector and conveyor;
c) Three (3) phase (with neutral) outlet rated at 50 Amp shall be provided at an
interval of at least 20 in;
d) These outlets shall be water proofed industrial type switch socket outlets (SSO).
6.13.2 Manuals and Labelling

These items below shall be prepared and submitted to the plant operator or owner:
a) Provide plant function diagrams, electrical system, electrical circuit, Process
and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID), instrument loop diagrams and single line
diagrams with endorsement by qualified person, before the plant is pre-
commissioned;
b) All plant and equipment are to be provided with inscriptions and labels to
facilitate understanding and safe operation and to satisfy the requirements of
any standards and regulations applying to the works. Labelling includes:
i) Inscriptions on equipment, cubicles, instruments, process controllers and
on small equipment such as relays, control switches, indicating lights, etc.;
ii) Identification of cables at both ends and along their lengths;
iii) Identification of terminations for cable cores and cubicle wiring in
accordance with the circuit diagrams.
29
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.0 Process Design Requirements

The detailed process design calculation is as shown in Annex E. The minimum design
requirements shall be as stated below.
7.1 Design Influent and Effluent Values

Treated sewage effluent requirement is to achieve Environmental Quality (Sewage)
Regulations 2009 and any other related subsidiary law prescribed by Department of
Environment (DOE). The effluent E.Coli compliance is subject to the sensitivity of the
receiving watercourse and as directed by the Department of Environment (DOE).
Table 2 Design Influent Values

Value
Item Process Value (mg/l)
(g/capita.day)
1 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD5) 56 250
2 Suspended Solids (SS) 68 300
3 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) 113 500
4 Total Nitrogen (TN) 11 50
5 Ammoniacal nitrogen (AMN) 7 30
6 Total Phosphorus (TP) 2 10
7 Oil and Grease (O&G) 11 50
Table 3 Design Effluent Values
Effluent Discharge to Rivers / Effluent Discharge to Stagnant

Stream Water Bodies*
Parameter
Standard A Standard B Standard A Standard B
Absolute Design Absolute Design Absolute Design Absolute Design
BOD5 20 10 50 20 20 10 50 20
SS 50 20 100 40 50 20 100 40
COD 120 60 200 100 120 60 200 100
AMN 10 5 20 10 5 2 5 2
Nitrate
20 10 50 20 10 5 10 5
Nitrogen
Total
Phosphoru N/A N/A N/A N/A 5 2 10 5
s
O&G 5 2 10 5 2 2 10 5
* Stagnant Water Bodies refer to enclosed water bodies such as lakes, ponds and slow
moving watercourses where dead zone occur.
30
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.2 Inlet Chamber

Table 4 Inlet Chamber Requirements
Item Description Requirement
1 Penstock (Manual) Water tight – 1 no.
- Size 225mm min. depending on the sewerline sizing
- Rising stem Ductile iron
- Spindle Stainless steel
2 Emergency overflow Vitrified clay pipe;
pipe Equivalent to incoming sewer pipe
3 Fixed Screen Non-corrosive material;
Spacing: 50mm clearance
7.3 Primary Screens

Screens must be designed to withstand flushing velocity. In the event of the manual
bypass screen being blocked, sewage must be able to flow over the top of the
screen without causing excessive backup flooding or overflows.
Table 5 Primary Screen Requirements

Item Process Requirement
1 Screen clear spacing Max. clearance, 25 mm
2 Slope 30° to vertical or 60° to horizontal
Approach velocity at
3 Max. 1.0 m/s
feed channel
Flow through velocity at
4 Max. 1.0 m/s
the screen face
Min. 150mm freeboard shall be provided to
Approach & flow through
5 prevent the approached channel from
velocity at 50% blockage
overflowing
Estimate screenings per
6 20m3/106 m3 at average flow
volume of sewage
Screenings skip storage
7 7 days
capacity
Overflow opening Invert level shall be with 50% blockage and
8
between channel 150mm freeboard
Static, Fibre reinforced plastic (FRP);
9 Coarse screen 2 nos. (2 duty);
Min. width: 500mm; Spacing: 25mm
10 Opening to pump sump Min. 300mm x 300mm
11 Spotlight Adjustable weather proof
12 Perforated Tray Fibre reinforced plastic (FRP)
13 Screening Bin High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
Overflow pipe within
14 Min. 200mm uPVC pipe
chamber
15 Standpipe Located within 3m
31
SPAN TS 1402:2016

17 Stop log Fibre reinforced plastic (FRP)
7.4 Pump Stations

Table 6 Pump Station Requirements
1 Hydraulic Retention Time
Max. of 30min detention at Qavg(min)
at Qavg
2 Pumping Cycle 6 - 15 (start/hour)
3 Raw sewage pump 2 nos. (1 duty, 1 standby)
4 Guide rail of RSP Double
5 Cat ladder Stainless Steel, Fixed type
6 Check and gate valve Ductile iron
7 Spot light Adjustable weather proof
8 Force main and filtrate
Ductile iron
return pipe
9 Staircase Head clearance at least 2.1m
10 Float switch Heavy duty non-mercury type
11 Check valve Swing check type with anti-slam
12 Slope of benching 60º (surrounding internal of tank)
13 Internal width of pump
Min. 2m
sump
14 Difference between
pump Stop Level and Min. 450mm, Max. 900mm
pump Start Level
pump Low Level Alarm Min. 150mm
and pump Stop Level
pump Start Level and Min. 150mm
pump High Level Alarm
Additional criteria for pumps:

a) Shall operate within their best efficiency range at normal operating condition;
b) Equipped with an auto restart mechanism in the event of power failure;
c) Equipped with cutting or macerating facilities are not acceptable.
32
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.5 Secondary Screen Chamber
Table 7 Secondary Screen Chamber Requirements

1 Filtrate return pipe Ductile Iron (Above ground); VCP (Buried)
2 Ramp Reinforced concrete
3 By-pass overflow pipe UPVC - 200mm dia.
4 Fine screen (static) Fibre reinforced plastic – 2 units duty
500mm width; 12mm spacing
5 Kerb 100mm (H) x 100mm (W) x 500mm (L)
6 Screen clear spacing Max clearance, 12mm
Estimate screenings per 37m3/106 m3 at average flow (minus the rubbish
7
volume of sewage removed by primary screen)
8 Perforated Tray Fibre reinforced plastic (FRP)
9 Stop Log Fibre reinforced plastic
10 Screening Bin High Density Polyethylene (HDPE)
7.6 Grit and Grease Chamber
Table 8 Grit Chamber Requirements

1 Chamber unit at Qpeak 1 units duty; 1 unit standy
2 Chamber type Rectangular
Hydraulic Retention Time
3 3 min
at Qpeak
Maximum gravity flow
4 0.20m/s
through velocity at Qpeak
5 Estimated grit quantity ~ 0.03m3 / 103 m3 of sewage
6 Check valve Ductile iron
Gate valve with T plain
7 Ductile iron
end
Grit removal pipe Ductile iron - 100mm dia.
8
Gradient 1 : 75
Channel ratio Depth : width 1 : 2
9
Length : width 2 : 1
10 Side slope degree 30°
33
SPAN TS 1402:2016
Table 9 Grease Chamber Requirements

1 Chamber unit at Qpeak 1 units duty; 1 unit standy
2 Chamber type Horizontal flow
3 3 min
at Qpeak
4 Estimated grease quantity ~0.03 m3/103m3 of sewage
Concentration of grease
5 0.1 kg/m3
in the water
6 Grease removal pipe Ductile iron - 100mm dia.
7 Gate valve Cast iron
8 Stop Log Fibre reinforced plastic (FRP)
9 Feeding to Anoxic Free flow with opening
10 Grease skimmer Fixed & adjustable
Gradient of grease buffer
11 5°
wall
Table 10 Grit and Grease Sand Bed Requirements

1 Retention Time 30 days
2 Screed to fall 1:200
Depth of grit and grease
3 350mm
feed
4 Perforated& overflow pipe uPVC /VCP
5 Filtrate return sump Min. 450mm depth
6 Filtrate return pipe Ductile Iron (above ground); VCP (buried)
7 Splash pad 500mm x 500mm x 100mm thk.
Sand layer 200mm coarse sand;
8
300mm aggregate (Grade 28mm to 40mm)
7.7 Anoxic Tank

Table 11 Anoxic Tank Requirements
1 Number of tanks 1 (Type A); 2 (Type B and C)
Mixed Liquor Suspended
2 2000 -4000 mg/l
Solids (MLSS)
3 Internal Recycle 2 to 6 (MLSS recirculation ratio)
4 Location Head of aeration tank
5 Mixing power 3 w/m3 - 8 w/m3
6 No. of mixer 2 nos. (1 duty, 1 standby)
7 Feeding to aeration Overflow design with opening
34
SPAN TS 1402:2016
The Competent Person shall take all necessary consideration in the design in relation
to the specific requirements of the receiving water in determining the actual nutrient
removal requirement on a case by case basis. The selection of mixer shall also
referring to the thrust which refer to the geometry of the tank. The actual position of
mixer shall refer to manufacturer recommendation.
7.8 Aeration Tank

Table 12 Aeration Tank Requirements
1 Number of tanks 2
2 18 - 24 hrs (typical 20 hrs)
(HRT)
Mixed Liquor Suspended
3 2000 - 4000 mg/l
Solids (MLSS)
4 F/M Ratio 0.05 ~ 0.1d-1
5 Organic loading 0.1 - 0.4 kg BOD5/m3.day
6 Sludge age > 20 days
0.4 (at 24 hrs HRT) sludge produced / kg BOD5
consumed
7 Sludge yield
0.6 kg (at 18 hrs HRT) sludge produced / kg
BOD5 consumed
Dissolved oxygen (DO) in
8 ≥ 2.0 mg/l
the tank
Total air provided for Safety factor 20% for blower selection at
9
organic removal suction
Total air required for Diffuser grid arrangement, 10-15 m3/103m3.min
10
mixing complete with purge line
11 Type of diffuser Fine bubble disc type
Top of diffuser to be installed at max. of 0.3m
12 Diffuser installation
from tank floor
Material at air and purge
13 Hot dipped galvanized iron
line pipe
Air required for blower Highest among total air required for organic
14
selection removal and mixing requirement
15 MLSS recycle ratio 4 - 6 times of Qavg
Return activated sludge Equal to Qave (if MLSS = 4000 mg/L and
16
(RAS) flow, QRAS underflow concentration, Cu = 8000 mg/L)
17 IR pump 2 nos. (1 duty, 1 standby)
18 Guide rail of IR pump Double
Tank dimension length to Type A ( > 2.5:1 ) / Type B ( 3:1 ) /
19
width ratio Type C ( 2:1 )
Min. 3m (Type A);
20 Water depth
Min. 3.5m (Type B and Type C)
35
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.9 Blower Room

Table 13 Blower Room Requirements
1 Distance 1000mm (between blower and wall)
2 Main door Acoustic door with engineering design soundproof (Sound
Transmission Class 40)
2400mm (W) x 2700mm (H)
3 Ramp & floor slab Monolithic structures; Heavy duty
12mm deep groove at ramp 200mm dia. pipe header
4 Outlet silencer Horizontal
5 Pipe header Min. 2 times the blower discharge pipe dia.
Hot dipped galvanized iron
6 Gate & check valve Cast iron
7 HDGI Air pipe To aeration tank; Individual air pipe tapping
To sludge holding tank; from air header in blower
To scum skimmer; house
8 Sampling point Min. 3 nos. air flow female tapping
9 HRC acoustic Mineral wool
plastering Plastering to HDGI air pipe
10 Safety valve To be provided with the blower
11 External compound
Beacon light
lighting
12 Roof RC flat slab (screed to fall with water proofing)
13 Throating size - 10mm wide
Mortar for brickwork 1:1:5 Cement-Lime-Sand mortar;
15 Plastering and
20mm thk. with 1:3 cement-sand mortar
rendering
16 Concrete Plinth Min. 100mm
17 Blower selection Discharge temp.: 25°C-120°C;
Ambient temp.: 40°C;
Relative humidity: 85% blower capable of operating at
partial load condition of at least 60% of the rate speed at
continuous operation
18 Dampener of
Spring type
blower
19 Lifting device Mobile A-Frame
20 Exhaust fan Shall be provided inlet and out c/w acoustic treatment
The Competent Person shall take all necessary consideration in the design where
vibration from blower and piping shall be dampened adequately to avoid
transmitting to the floor and wall of control room. Shall provide signage for mobile
A-Frame not to bring out from the blower room.
36
SPAN TS 1402:2016
The design of roof shall be considered from the following:

i) Suitable material for roof (flat or slope) including colour;
ii) Adequate air for ventilations;
iii) Enough height for lifting facilities, access and headroom;
iv) Type of insulation;
v) Acoustic treatment where applicable;
7.10 Secondary Clarifier

7.10.1 General
The design requirements shall include:

a) Minimum retention time for settlement;
b) Maximum settling velocity for settlement;
c) Sludge hopper to collect settled sludge;
d) For square clarifiers with 60º slope (from horizontal), minimum 1m side water
depth shall be provided;
e) The 60º slope (from horizontal) shall be cast in reinforced concrete structure;
f) All clarifiers must be equipped with scum skimmer to remove scum from the
surface. The scum collected must be drained (where necessary) and
disposed to sludge holding tank. Returning the scum to the preliminary system
or the biological system is not permitted;
g) Multiple hopper are not permitted;
h) Stilling basin to prevent hydraulic shock circuiting;
i) Facilities to dispose scum and sludge;
j) Appropriate feed and outlet pipe with hydraulic consideration;
k) Proper maintenance access to all components.
7.10.2 Weirs
a) If insufficient length is available, then considerations shall be given for the use
of double weir;
b) Cascading V-notch is preferred over rectangular weirs;
c) Broad crested weirs are not encouraged;
d) Slots in the weir shall be provided to allow for level adjustment during the
installation stage;
e) All parts of the weirs must be visible and accessible for regular cleaning.
37
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.10.3 Square Clarifiers
Table 14 Secondary Clarifier Requirements

1 Number of tanks 1 nos. (Type A) / 2nos. (Type B) / 4 nos. (Type C)
2 Type of configuration Square with 60° slope, min. 1.0 side water depth
3 ≥ 2 hrs
(HRT) at Qpeak
4 Surface overflow rate ≤ 30 m3/d/m2 (Qpeak)
< 150 kg/d/m2 (Qpeak)
5 Solids loading rate
< 50 kg/d/m2 (Qave)
6 Weir loading rate < 180 m3/day/m (Qpeak)
7 Feeding Centre
8 Stilling box Non-corrosive Metal or FRP 10mm thickness;
Length to be extended top at max. 1.5m from
bottom level
Diameter min. 1.0m
9 Return sludge rate, 0.5 - 1.0 (QRAS/ Qinflow)
10 Scum skimmer Adjustable air lift
11 Scum pipe Ductile iron or 3 layer mPVC
12 Maintenance platform Reinforced concrete - 1000mm width
13 Air pipe Hot dipped galvanized with ball valve
14 Weir plate Fibre reinforced plastic
15 Effluent channel 4 sides
surrounding
16 Effluent channel finishing White glazed tile entirely (all internal surfaces)
17 RAS/WAS pump 2 nos. (1 duty, 1 standby) for Type A ;
4 nos. (2 duty, 2 standby) For Type B;
5 nos. (4 duty, 1 spare pump) for Type C
18 Guide rail of RAS/WAS
Double
pump
19 RAS/WAS pipe Ductile iron or 3 layer mPVC – min. 80mm dia.
20 Check and gate valve Ductile iron
7.11 Disinfection Tank

Continuous disinfection is required for those areas where the discharge from the
sewage works will cause detrimental effect onto the receiving water course, such as
bathing beaches, lakes, etc. The Commission reserves the right to determine the
need for the provision of a continuous disinfection facility. Only liquid or solid
hypochlorite (sodium or calcium) shall be used.
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.11.1 Disinfection with Hypochlorite

a) The dosage rate is affected by the suspended solids and ammonia present in
the effluent, mixing employed, contact time and the control strategies used
for dosing;
b) Proper mixing is important for effective disinfection;
c) Circular chambers for disinfection are not acceptable;
d) For continuous disinfection, liquid or solid hypochlorite (sodium or calcium)
shall be used;
e) For intermittent disinfection, only liquid hypochlorite (sodium or calcium) shall
be used;
f) A bypass around the chlorine contact chamber shall also be provided to
enable flows to be bypassed during maintenance or servicing. There shall be
penstocks upstream and downstream of the chlorine contact chamber for
isolation purposes;
g) By pass channel to be constructed at higher level to avoid sludge settlement
in the channel;
h) Adequate access with sufficient turning radius for the vehicle to carry in the
chemicals to the disinfection system shall be provided;
i) Benching shall be provided for all corners to enable smooth flow and
minimize solids deposition.
Table 15 Chlorination Chamber Requirements

1 Dosage 6 - 10 mg/l
Portable type
2 Chlorination tube
Non-corrosive material
3 Contact period 15 minutes at Qpeak
4 Maximum water depth 3m
Ratio depth: width (2 : 1);
5 length to width at each pass (6 : 1);
wetted depth: width (< 2 : 1)
6
Minimum no. of passes 4
7 Stop Log Fibre reinforced plastic

8 Washing bay One stand pipe complete with concrete kerb
39
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.12 Flow measurement
Table 16 Flow Measurement Requirements

1 Location of flow meter Outlet
2 Type of flow measurement Open Channel
3 Type of flow meter V- notch
4 Method of measurement Manual measurement using staff gauge to
measure height of crest with calibration
curves / tables
5 Measurement times Intermittent
7.13 Sludge Holding Tank
Table 17 Sludge Holding Tank Requirements

1 Retention Time Required 30 days
2 Mixing requirement 20m3 air / min./1000m3 tank
3 Slanted floor 1:50
4 Safety ramp (top of tank) Hot dipped galvanized mild steel
Min. 600mm
5 Air and purge line pipe Hot dipped galvanized iron
6 Looping pipe Hot dipped galvanized iron - 50mm dia.
7 Air diffuser Coarse bubble disc type
8 Sludge drawn out / Sludge
Ductile iron or 3 layer mPVC
Transfer Pipe
9 Female coupling (without
Ductile iron
SDB)
10 Sludge Transfer Pump 1 Duty, Submersible Type
11 Guide rail of sludge
Double
transfer pump
12 Splash pad 500mm x 500mm x 100mm (located below
sludge drawn out pipe for tanker)
40
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.14 Sludge Drying Bed (If Applicable)
Table 18 Sludge Drying Bed Requirements

1 Retention Time 28 days
2 Free board 100mm from top of sludge feed
3 Roofing 1:15 gradient metal roofing sheet
4 Column, Truss Structural Steel
5 Min. clearance between
2.1m
roof truss & top of ramp
6 Min. eave length 300mm
8 Max. allowable depth of
450mm
sludge feed.
9 Screed to fall (floor) 1:200
10 Concrete Min. grade 25
11 Perforated pipe uPVC / VCP
12 Gate valve Ductile Iron
13 Sludge transfer pipe Ductile Iron
Min. 80mm – Type A & Type B
Min. 100 – Type C
14 Filtrate return sump Brickwall c/w 150mm dia. interconnected pipe
15 Splash pad 500mm x 500mm x 100mm
16 Ramp Reinforced concrete;
600mm width;
1:10 slope with min. length of 1m
17 Sand layer 200mm coarse sand (from 2mm-4.7mm);
300mm aggregate (Grade 28mm to 40mm)
The actual quantity of sludge from the upstream unit processes needs to be
computed before sizing the bed. Each bed may be designed to handle a maximum
of 7 days continuous feed. The next feed to the same bed shall only be after a
minimum of 21 days from the last feed. A one-third (1/3) reduction in actual land
area requirement will be acceptable if fully covered drying beds are provided.
Reduction shall only apply to the total surface area of drying bed.
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SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.15 Sludge Storage Hut (If applicable)

Table 19 Sludge Storage Hut Requirements
1 Roofing 1:15 gradient metal roofing sheet
2 Column, Truss Structural Steel
3 Min. clearance between
2.1m
roof truss & top of ramp
4 Min. eave length 300mm
5 Concrete Min. grade 25
6 Ramp Reinforced concrete;
600mm width;
1:10 slope with min. length of 1m
7.16 Control Room

Table 20 Control Room Requirements
1 Main door Single leaf metal door with 2 layers anti rust epoxy coating
900mm (W) x 2100mm (H)
2 Window Louvered window
3 Control panel box Front 2.0mm thk. mild steel sheet;
Rear/Side/Top 2.0 mm thk. mild steel sheet ;
Light grey powder coated paint
4 Mounting ≤ 100A : Wall mounted; ≥ 100A : Floor mounted
5 Fire extinguisher CO2 type
6 First aid box,
emergency sign & To be provided
equipment labeling
7 Rubber mat 12mm thk. (min.)
8 Exhaust fan To meet the room air exchange requirement
9 Notice board Single line diagram; Artificial respiration chart, process flow
diagram
10 Roof RC flat slab (screed to fall with water proofing);
Throating size - 10mm wide
The design of roof shall be considered from the following:

i) Suitable material for roof (flat or slope) including colour;
ii) Adequate air for ventilations;
iii) Enough height for lifting facilities, access and headroom;
iv) Type of insulation;
v) Acoustic treatment where applicable.
42
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.17 Ancillary Requirement
Table 21 Anti-Climb, Brick Wall Fencing Requirements

1 Gate wire mesh 10SWG / 13SWG (for anti-climb fencing only)
2 Cover to reinforcement 25mm
3 Mortar 1:1:5 Cement-Lime-Sand mortar
4 Plastering and rendering 20mm thk. with 1:3 cement-sand mortar
5 Weld thickeners 6mm fillet
Table 22 Sliding Gate Requirements

1 Type 6m wide double rail
2 Weld thickeners 6mm fillet
Brick walls shall be anchored to concrete faces using galvanized fishtail anchors to
lap in with the brick reinforcement at every fourth course commencing two courses
above ground beam level. All exposed wall shall be painted with (1) one undercoat
of approved resisting primer sealer and (2) two coats of approved weather resistant
emulsion paint.
All bricks used shall be first quality cement / sand bricks. Brickwork shall be reinforced
with expanded metal or “exempt” at every fourth course commencing two courses
above ground beam level.
43
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.18 Yard Lighting

Table 23 Yard Lighting Requirements
Type A Min. 1 no at inlet works or entrance
Type B Min. 2 nos. at inlet works and treatment process unit
1
Type C Min. 4 nos. at every internal corner of STP boundary
and nearby to inlet works and treatment process unit
2 Type LED
Supplier/manufacturer &
3 ISO 9001:2000
galvanizer of the column
4 Column design BS 5649
5 Steel column material Steel BS-EN10025 fe 430C or fe 510C
6 Steel accessories Fe 360
7 Column seam building BS 5135
Hot dipped galvanized BS 729 (average coating
8 Column material
weight 460gm/m)
9 Panel Outdoor type (floor standing)
10 Material Electro galvanized sheet
11 Thickness 2.3mm
12 Painting Finish Epoxy powder paint
13 Colour Light grey
Sufficient lighting shall be provided at strategic location such as entrance gate, inlet
works and necessary areas. All lightings shall be installed above emergency overflow
level.
44
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.19 Handrail, Safety Chain, Staircase, Grating and Chequered Plate
Table 24 Handrail, Staircase, Grating and Chequered Plate Requirements

Handrail
Hot dipped galvanized mild steel (above
1 Material
ground level and dry well area);
Stainless steel 304 (wet well area and area that
come in contact with sewage)
2 Size 38mm dia. tubular rails;
Top and intermediate rails at 550mm center
At platform, walkways and
3 1100mm (H)
landing
Above pitch -
4 900mm to 1000mm
pitch line on stairs
Handrail joint to be located on center line of
5 Joint
handrail standards
6 Finishing All rough edges and burrs to be removed;
Welds to be 6mm thk. fillet weld (neat and
ground smooth)
Hot dipped galvanized mild steel (above
7 Kicker plate
ground level and dry well area);
Staircase
1 Type Reinforced concrete- anti skid
Thread : 250
2 Thread and riser
Riser : 200
3 Landing length 1000mm
Grating
Fibre reinforced plastic or Hot dipped
1 Material
galvanized steel;
2 Weight ≤ 16kg / piece
Chequered plate
1 Material Hot dipped galvanized steel
2 Weight ≤ 16kg / piece
Guide rail
1 Material Stainless steel filled with cement
Safe access and walkways shall be provided at all process units and equipment
(valves, penstocks, aeration tanks, etc.) that require service and maintenance.
Safety handrails shall also be installed at walkways and other working areas with a
fall greater than 2 m.
45
SPAN TS 1402:2016
Provision for fire detection, alarm and firefighting equipment shall be complying with
the latest requirements in the Uniform Building Bylaws, the Institute of Electrical
Engineers (IEE) guidelines and other statutory requirements. All tanks shall not exceed
1.2 m above ground. Staircase and ladder exceeding 1.2 m shall be provided with
handrail. All plants located adjacent to earth slopes shall be provided with proper
slope protection structures. The slope protection design must be certified by
Competent Person.
7.20 Toilet
Table 25 Toilet Requirements
1 Floor and Wall Ceramic tiles
2 Window Hollow ventilation block
3 Washing bay One stand pipe complete with concrete kerb
4 Door PVC ; 900mm (W) x 2100mm (H)
5 Water closet Squatting type
6 Water tank 100 gallon
7.21 Lifting Facility

Table 26 Lifting Requirements
1 Weight < 16kg Manual lifting
16 kg ≤ Weight ≤ 250 kg A davit or ‘A’ frame shall be arranged to allow
items lifted by using manual chain hoist to be
projected on a 1.2m truck tray and positioned
2
at 2m above road level. In the pump station,
motorized hoist is required for lifting weight
exceeding 100 kg
Weight > 250 kg A gantry with motorized hoist shall be arranged
to allow items to be projected on a 1.2 m truck
3
tray and positioned at 2m above road level
truck tray
Min. 6mm dia. long link smooth welded
4 Safety chain complete with fixings including ‘S’ hooks and
‘D’ shackles stainless steel
Lifting equipment shall be subjected to DOSH approval standards and guidelines.

Safe Working Load with approved method of installation shall be rated, indicated
and printed for all lifting facilities. Height and lifting method must be considered in
the design for Safe Working Load of lifting facilities. All portable motorized hoist shall
46
SPAN TS 1402:2016
be of 230 V operating voltage and fixed electrical hoist shall be of 415 V operating
voltage.
All fixed 3 axis type gantry shall come with additional safety features such as travel
stop limit switch, hoist over run limit switch, slow & fast speed mode and emergency
stop (for all type of hoist). All fixed type outdoor lifting facility futures shall comprise of
hoist parking bay with shade. All fixed type lifting facility shall come with working
platform and excess ladder.
7.22 Ventilation
Ventilation can be achieved naturally or mechanically:
i) Natural ventilation uses the force of nature such as air currents, breezes,
thermal gradients and pressure differences to move airing and out of the
space;
ii) Mechanical ventilation uses fans and blowers to force air through space. It is
also sometimes called forced ventilation.
Particular requirements are:

i) Ventilation shall be intrinsically safe with respect to explosive gases (such as
methane) where such gases may be present;
ii) Ventilation shall be designed to deal with the different densities of the various
gases;
iii) Ventilation fans shall be located outside the enclosed space to induce forced
air into the plant. Intake locations shall be such that only fresh air is drawn into
the system and not air recirculated from the exhaust;
iv) Mechanical ventilation shall be used if the system is required to remove
contaminants;
v) Ventilation exhaust shall be directed to a suitable location for discharge and it
shall not be adjacent to the intake point;
vi) Ventilation at rooms where heat generation may take place must be
adequate to dissipate the heat generated to ensure a comfortable making
ambient for the equipment and the operator;
vii) Noise levels associated with operating fans and blowers, particularly in a
confined space, shall conform to the requirements in Section5.7 and other
stationary requirements;
viii) Optimize recurring cost for operation, maintenance and replacement;
ix) Regular testing and inspection of the equipment;
47
SPAN TS 1402:2016
x) Visible warning shall be provided at all entry points. This shall automatically
operate if the fan fails;
xi) Where natural or forced ventilation is provided, it shall be installed in such a
manner so as to avoid any ingress of water due to rain or other sources;
xii) In areas with routine entry by personnel, the ventilation strategy shall
emphasize adequate control of contaminants and the ventilation system shall
be continuously operated.
Table 27 Common Ventilation Rates

Use 100% outside air.
30 intermittent Step up to 24 ac/hr if hazardous gases are
Wet-Well
12 continuous detected.
Consider odour control, where warranted
30 intermittent
Dry-Well
12 continuous
Grit Removal/Screen 30 intermittent
Same as wet well
Area 12 continuous
Digester Gas Control 30 intermittent
Same as wet well
Room 12 continuous
Sludge Gas Compressor 30 intermittent
Same as wet well
Room 12 continuous
Enclosed Grit Loading 30 intermittent
Same as wet well
Areas 12 continuous
Enclosed Primary 30 intermittent
Same as wet well
Sedimentation Tanks 12 continuous
Scum Concentration 30 intermittent
Same as wet well
Tank 12 continuous
Hazardous areas, toxic fumes, floor level
exhaust required. Interlock fans with manual
Chlorine and Sulphur 60 intermittent
switches located at each entrance. Also
Dioxide Rooms 12 continuous
interlock fans with chlorine and Sulphur
dioxide detection. Use 100% outside air
Consider odour control for exhaust air from
Filter/Dewatering Area 12 continuous
dewatering area, where warranted
In particular at blower room, high tension
All other enclosed unit
30 intermittent room, low voltage room, switchboard and
processes not
12 continuous control panel rooms, where there are
mentioned elsewhere
tendency of heat generation
48
SPAN TS 1402:2016
7.23 Painting for Pipe Works

Painting shall include all plant and machinery inside buildings, including pipework,
grating, hand railing, internal walls below ground level and all metal work including
machinery. The conduits and piping shall be appropriately named and labeled
indicating flow directions and painted with the following colour codes for easy
identification:
i) Chlorine line - yellow with double green bands;
ii) Compressed air line - green;
iii) Fuel gas line - orange;
iv) Potable water supply line - blue;
v) Raw sewage line - black;
vi) Final effluent line - grey;
vii) Sludge line - brown;
viii) Non-potable water line - blue with double black bands;
ix) Other disinfectant lines - yellow with double red bands;
x) Biogas line - yellow;
The labels shall be stenciled on the piping in a contrasting colour with the colour
coded bands, if any, located at appropriate and strategic points. Colour codes
selected for general equipment, building and others items in a sewage treatment
plant shall be adhered to. The types of paint and surface preparation used shall be
as recommended by the paint manufacturer.
7.24 Plumbing Works

Plumbing works and fire protection to follow local authorities’ requirements.
Inspection and cleaning access shall be provided at all bends and junction of soil
and waste pipes.
49
SPAN TS 1402:2016
Table 28 Plumbing Work Requirements

UPVC BS 4514, BS 5255 and MSD 15 (above
1 Piping material
ground soil, waste and vent)
UPVC BS 4660 (underground soil & waste pipes)
2 Gradient 32mm dia. - (1:12.5); 40mm dia. – (1:15.0);
50mm dia. – (1:20.0); 75mm dia. – (1:30.0);
100mm dia. – (1:40.0); 150mm dia. – (1:60.0)
Waste piping from 50mm dia. and below; shall be chased in brick
3
basin/sink wall wherever possible
100mm dia. and complete with stainless
4 Floor traps
grating and access for cleaning
Soil pipes under To be encased in min. 150mm concrete and
5
carriageway reinforced with one layer BMC A7
Manholes cover on
6 Heavy duty type
carriageway
7.25 General Mechanical and Electrical

Table 29 Bolt and Nut Requirements
Bolt and Nut
1 Material J-bolt OR Chemical grouting
Holding down bolts
1 Materials Stainless steel Grade 316 if contact with sewage or
Chemical grouting.
Table 30 Piping Works Requirements

Pipe works
1 Material Ductile iron with cement lining or mPVC 3-layer
Pipe support/ bracket
1 Material Stainless steel 304
2 Clearance 100mm from floor concrete slab to flange;
Pipe support bracket 3m interval for ductile iron and 1m for 3 layer mPVC;
Pipe joint Pipe per length shall be jointed at every 6m
Flexible coupling shall be provided for 3 layer mPVC
pipe
Additional requirement for pipe works:

i) External surface of pipework (D.I. type) in chambers and wells shall be epoxy
coated;
ii) Buried ductile iron pipe shall have polyethylene sleeving;
50
SPAN TS 1402:2016
iii) Pipe within wells and pits shall have flanged joints, while pipe laid in the
ground shall have spigot and socket joints;
iv) Pipe work shall be adequately supported on concrete plinths or steel
structural supports;
v) Flanges shall be located at least 150 mm away from structures;
vi) Dismantling joints such as bends shall be provided;
vii) Pumping thrust shall be resisted using pipe supports inside chambers and by
mass concrete thrust blocks poured against undisturbed soil in the ground
outside chambers;
viii) No welding joints are allowed.
Table 31 Emergency Shutoff Switch, Junction Box & Electrical Services Requirements
Emergency shutoff switch
1 Switch For every motorised equipment/ machines
2 Type Mushroom
Junction box
1 Enclosure IP66 dust damp proof according to IEC 529
2 Temperature Up to 75 deg. C
3 Resistance To chemical, detergent solvent, grease and oil;
4 Mounting type Watertight surface
Electrical Services
1 GI conduit (Exposed) Heavy gauged (class B) hot dipped galvanised,
threaded;
20mm dia. & 1.52mm thickness;
Location at M&E plant room; Machinery plant;
Substation / switch room
2 UPVC conduit High impact rigid conduit;
(Concealed) 20mm dia. & 1.80mm thickness;
3 Final combined earthing
Not exceeding 1 ohm
system resistance
4 Earth resistance Electrical system < 5 ohms each chamber
2 lightning protection system < 10 ohms each
chamber
5 Protective conductor
- Cross-sectional area of
S<16mm2 - Smm2
protective conductor
16≤S<35mm2 - 16mm2
S>35mm2 - S/2mm2
Auto restart facilities Equipped for all electrical items for quick re-
operation in the event of power failure
51
SPAN TS 1402:2016
8.0 Reporting Format

Competent Person is to submit the Summary of Design Declaration form and
endorsed Mass Balance and Hydraulic Profile calculation sheet as stipulated in
Annex D.
9.0 Construction and Installation

9.1 General
The construction and installation works shall be executed in compliance with the
relevant statutory and legislative regulations of Malaysia.
The complete installation construction and material stated shall comply with the
current rules and requirement of local authority and any other relevant authorities
having jurisdiction over the installation.
9.2 Quality control

Before commencement of the construction works, a quality control program shall be
developed, implemented and maintained consistent with the requirements of the
works. Quality shall be maintained in all areas of work.
9.3 Health and safety requirements

The following shall be considered throughout the construction and installation period
to ensure safe working conditions for workers and ensure protection of adjoining
properties and the public: -
a) Site layout;
b) Provision of welfare facilities;
c) Safe access and egress;
d) Requirement of competent/designated persons;
e) Earthworks;
f) Temporary working platforms;
g) Piling and excavation works;
h) Working at height;
i) Permit to work;
j) Working in confined space;
k) Lifting appliances and method;
l) Registration of plant/equipment;
52
SPAN TS 1402:2016
m) Machine guarding;
n) Safe use of portable tools;
o) Site tidiness/housekeeping;
p) Accident reporting and investigation;
q) Emergency prevention, preparedness and response;
r) Compliance to Environmental Quality Act 1974, Occupational Safety and
Health Act 1994 and Factories and Machinery Act 1967 requirements
s) Health and Safety Audits;
t) The plant shall also be designed to comply with other related legislations such
as IEE, Akta Bekalan Elektrik 1990 (Akta 448) and Peraturan-Peraturan Elektrik
1994 and the relevant IEEE Standards;
u) Safety level for all electronically operated electrical device such as soft
starters, variable speed drive and others shall conform to IEC, EN, UL, NFC and
VDE. Thus it shall fulfill EN 50178, EN 60204, BS EN 60950, IEC 61800;
v) Where appropriate, IEE and Akta 448 (1990) and Peraturan Elektrik 1994 must
be complied within all electrical installation;
w) The following shall be provided:
i) All moving parts shall be protected by suitable guards. Where inspection
is required, an open mesh with frame and suitably supported maybe
used. The maximum aperture of the mesh shall be 6 mm;
ii) All guards shall be readily removable and replaceable to the correct
orientation only. However the guard shall be designed with features to
prevent accidental dislocation from its' original position. The fasteners
when dropped during dismantling, must be easily retrievable and should
not damage any equipment or endanger personnel, else fixed fasteners
shall be used;
iii) An emergency stop button, preferably of mushroom head type shall be
located adjacent to all equipment. More than one emergency stop
button shall be used, if access around the item is restricted;
iv) Long items, such as conveyor belts, shall have an emergency lanyard
applied to each accessible length of conveyor;
v) Surfaces which are greater than 50°C shall be guarded;
vi) Permanent warning signs shall be posted at visible location tall
dangerous areas and shall clearly indicate the nature of risk at that
area. This includes warning signage at digesters area, high tension room,
low voltage room, generator room and other hazardous areas;
53
SPAN TS 1402:2016
vii) Automatic CO2discharge triggered by heat and smoke sensors shall be

installed in high voltage switch room, transformer room, low voltage
switch room and generator room;
viii) High tension room shall have signage to clearly indicate the purpose of
the room and also safety signage to prevent unauthorized entry.
Calcium and sodium hypochlorite are hazardous chemicals to handle and use.
Calcium hypochlorite is classified as a corrosive agent. Eye protection, access to an
emergency eyewash system and showers must be made available to the operators.
Also, direct contact with the undiluted hypochlorite is likely to cause burns to the skin
and clothing. Therefore, it is imperative that protective clothing which includes
rubber gloves, must be worn by operators when working with these chemicals. When
calcium hypochlorite is being transported in the powder form and mixed in water to
form solutions, the operator should always wear eye protection and dust masks. All
areas exposed to hypochlorite should be washed thoroughly.
9.4 Inspection
For the purpose of inspection, a guide has been prepared but is not limited to Annex
C. This guide comprises common components as well as a typical defect list that
shall be referred to by the CP during the inspection exercise. The inspection guides
including all relevant test records are not required to be submitted but has to be
kept properly by the CP and made available upon request.
10.0 Testing and Commissioning

All testing and commissioning (T&C) shall be carried out in accordance with the
relevant operation and maintenance manual witnessed and endorsed by CP.
Records of pre-commissioning tests and commissioning tests should be properly
maintained by CP and made available upon request. The functionality test shall be
carried out on the following but not limited to:-
a) Inlet Chamber - Manual Screen Test;
b) Pump Sump - Raw Sewage Pump;
c) Secondary Screen Chamber - Manual Screen Test;
d) Aeration Tank - Diffuser Test;
e) Clarifier Tank - RAS / WAS Pump;
f) Sludge Holding Tank - Diffuser Test;
g) Blower Room - Blowers, Main Control Panel.
54
SPAN TS 1402:2016
ANNEX A: REFERENCES
Malaysian Standards
• MS 144
Steel wire for the reinforcement of concrete products – specification
• MS 145
Steel fabric for the reinforcement of concrete – specification
• MS 146
Steel for the reinforcement of concrete - weldable reinforcing steel - bar, coil and
decoiled product – specification
• MS 415
Code of practice for composite construction in structural steel and concrete
• MS 739
Specification for hot-dip galvanized coatings on iron threaded fasteners
• MS 740
Specification for hot-dip galvanized coatings on iron and steel articles
• MS 822
Specification for sawn-timber foundation piles
• MS 1037
Specification for sulphate-resisting portland cement
• MS 1195: Part 2
Code of practice for structural use of concrete: Special circumstances
• MS 1226: Part 1
Pulverized-fuel ash: Specification for pulverized-fuel ash for use as a cementitious
component in structural concrete
• MS 1241
One-piece glass fibre reinforced polyester (GRP) water tanks - nominal capacity of
100 000 litres and below – specification
• MS 1292
Rubber seals - water stops for sealing joints in concrete - specification of materials
• MS 1390
Glass-fibre reinforced polyester panels and panel water tanks – specification
55
SPAN TS 1402:2016
• MS EN 934
Admixtures for concrete
• MS EN 12620
Aggregates for concrete
• MS EN 15167-1
Ground granulated blast furnace slag for use in concrete, mortar and grout - part 1:
Definitions, specifications and conformity criteria
• MS EN 15167-2
Ground granulated blast furnace slag for use in concrete, mortar and grout - part 2:
Conformity evaluation
British Standards
• BS 4-1
Structural steel sections. Specification for hot-rolled sections
• BS 476
Fire tests on building materials and structures
• BS 1161
Specification for aluminium alloy sections for structural purposes
• BS 3396-1
Woven glass fibre fabrics for plastics reinforcement. Specification for loom-state
fabrics
• BS 3532
Method of specifying unsaturated polyester resin systems
• BS 3749
Specification for E glass fibre woven roving fabrics for the reinforcement of polyester
and epoxy resins systems
• BS 4449+A2
Steel for the reinforcement of concrete. Weldable reinforcing steel. Bar, coil and
decoiled product. Specification
• BS 4514
Unplasticized PVC soil and ventilating pipes of 82.4 mm minimum mean outside
diameter, and fittings and accessories of 82.4 mm and of other sizes. Specification
56
SPAN TS 1402:2016
• BS 4660
Thermoplastics ancillary fittings of nominal sizes 110 and 160 for below ground gravity
drainage and sewerage
• BS 4868
Specification for profiled aluminium sheet for building
• BS 4921
Specification for sherardized coatings on iron or steel
• BS 5255
Specification for thermoplastics waste pipe and fittings
• BS 5493
Code of practice for protective coating of iron and steel structures against corrosion
• BS 7079
General introduction to standards for preparation of steel substrates before
application of paints and related products
• BS EN 197-1
Cement. Composition, specifications and conformity criteria for common cements
• BS EN 485
Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Sheet, strip and plate
• BS EN 754
Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Cold drawn rod/bar and tube
• BS EN 755
Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Extruded rod/bar, tube and profiles
• BS EN 934-2
Admixtures for concrete, mortar and grout. Concrete admixtures.
• BS EN 1676
Aluminium and aluminium alloys. Alloyed ingots for remelting. Specifications
• BS EN 1990+A1
Eurocode. Basis of structural design
• BS EN 1992-1-1+A1
Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures. General rules and rules for buildings
57
SPAN TS 1402:2016
• BS EN 1992-3
Eurocode 2: Design of concrete structures. Liquid retaining and containing structures
• BS EN 1999-1-1+A2
Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures. General structural rules
• BS EN 1999-1-3+A1
Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures. Structures susceptible to fatigue
• BS EN 1999-1-4+A1
Eurocode 9: Design of aluminium structures. Cold-formed structural sheeting
• BS EN 10088-1
Stainless Steels. List of Stainless Steels
• BS EN 10088-3
Stainless steels. Technical delivery conditions for semi-finished products, bars, rods,
wire, sections and bright products of corrosion resisting steels for general purposes
• BS EN 14118-1
Reinforcement. Specifications for textile glass mats (chopped strand and continuous
filament mats). Designation
• BS EN 14118-2
filament mats). Methods of test and general requirements
• BS EN 14118-3
filament mats). Specific requirements
• BS EN 15743+A1
Supersulfated cement. Composition, specifications and conformity criteria
• BS EN 60950
Information technology equipment. Safety
• BS EN 61000-6-1
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Generic standards. Immunity for residential,
commercial and light-industrial environments
• BS EN 61000-6-2
Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC). Generic standards. Immunity for industrial
environments
58
SPAN TS 1402:2016
• BS EN 61672-1
Electroacoustics. Sound level meters. Specifications
• BS EN 61672-2
Electroacoustics. Sound level meters. Pattern evaluation tests
• BS EN 61672-3
Electroacoustics. Sound level meters. Periodic tests
• BS EN ISO 3210
Anodizing of aluminium and its alloys. Assessment of quality of sealed anodic
oxidation coatings by measurement of the loss of mass after immersion in phosphoric
acid/chromic acid solution
• BS EN ISO 17660-1
Welding. Welding of reinforcing steel. Load-bearing welded joints
• BS EN ISO 17660-2
Welding. Welding of reinforcing steel. Non load-bearing welded joints
European Standards
• EN 10025
Hot rolled products of structural steels
• EN 10029
Hot-rolled steel plates 3 mm thick or above - Tolerances on dimensions and shape
• EN 10162
Cold-rolled steel sections - Technical delivery conditions - Dimensional and cross-
sectional tolerances
• EN 10210
Hot finished structural hollow sections of non-alloy and fine grain steels
• EN 10296
Welded circular steel tubes for mechanical and general engineering purposes -
Technical delivery conditions
• EN 10297
Seamless circular steel tubes for mechanical and general engineering purposes -
Technical delivery conditions
• EN 10305
Steel tubes for precision applications - Technical delivery conditions
59
SPAN TS 1402:2016
• EN 14020
Reinforcements - Specification for textile glass rovings
• EN 50178
Electronic equipment for use in power installations
• EN 60204
Safety of machinery - electrical equipment of machines
• EN ISO 2063
Thermal spraying - metallic and other inorganic coatings - Zinc, aluminium and their
alloys
• EN ISO 9445
Continuously cold-rolled stainless steel - Tolerances on dimensions and form
ASTM Standards
• ASTM C582
Standard specification for contact-molded reinforced thermosetting plastic (RTP)
laminates for corrosion-resistant equipment
• ASTM E84
Standard test method for surface burning characteristics of building materials
AS Standards
• AS/NZS 2312.1:2014
Guide to the protection of structural steel against atmospheric corrosion by the use
of protective coatings - Paint coatings
• AS/NZS 3750.2
Paints for steel structures - Ultra high-build paint
• AS/NZS 3750.12
Paints for steel structures - Alkyd/micaceous iron oxide
IEEE Standard
• IEC 61800
Adjustable speed electrical power drive systems
60
SPAN TS 1402:2016
Other Reference Materials
Environmental Quality Act 1974 (Act 127)
Factories and Machinery Act 1967 (Act 139)
Electricity Supply Act 1990 (Act 447)
Electricity Supply (Successor Company) Act 1990 (Act 448)
Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 (Act 514)
Water Services Industry Act 2006 (Act 655)
Electricity Regulations 1994
Environmental Quality (Sewage) Regulations 2009
SPAN. 2009. Malaysian Sewerage Industry Guidelines. National Water Services

Commission Malaysia.
DOE. 2012. Guidelines for Siting and Zoning of Industry and Residential Areas.
Department of Environment Malaysia.
61
SPAN TS 1402:2016
ANNEX B: STANDARD STP DRAWINGS
62
SPAN TS 1402:2016
SEWAGE TREATMENT SYSTEM:

STANDARD STP, PART 1 -EXTENDED AERATION
(150 - 5000 PE)
STANDARD STP DRAWINGS

TYPE A (150 - 1000 PE)
63
SPAN TS 1402:2016

STANDARD STP, PART 1 - EXTENDED AERATION
(150 - 5000 PE)

TYPE B (1001 - 3000 PE)
64
SPAN TS 1402:2016

(150 - 5000 PE)

TYPE C (3001 - 5000 PE)
65
SPAN TS 1402:2016

(150 - 5000 PE)

TYPICAL DETAILS
66
SPAN TS 1402:2016
ANNEX C: INSPECTION GUIDE & TYPICAL LIST OF DEFECTS
67
SPAN TS 1402:2016
Standard STP - Extended Aeration (EA)

Inspection Guide
Reinforcement
Location :
Designation : Checklist No. ___________________________
Item Description Yes No Remarks by Engineer
FIXED REINFORCEMENT
1 Main Re-Bar
1.1 Grade
1.2 Bar size ………………..………… mm
1.3 Spacing ………………………….. mm
1.4 Lapping length ……...…………… mm
1.5 Final Inspection for this item
2 Secondary Re-Bar
2.1 Grade
2.2 Bar size ………………..………… mm
2.3 Spacing ………………………….. mm
2.4 Lapping length ……...…………… mm
3 Reinforcement
3.1 Minimum cover achieved
3.2 Free from mud, oil, grease, etc.
3.3 Cleanliness of re-bars (free from excessive rust)
3.4 Starter bars & dowel bars installed properly
3.5 Position of re-bars around openings as required based as per drawings
3.6 Tying wire and supports (sufficient number of spacers and chairs)
3.7 Others …………………………….
Inspected by : Signature : Date:

(Name)
Remarks by Engineer :
The Contractor is : ALLOWED NOT ALLOWED to proceed with the works.
Non-conformance raised during inspection / re-inspection? YES NO NCR No.:

(Name)
Please √ off w here appropriate
68
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Formwork
Location :
Designation : Checklist No. ___________________________
FORMWORK
1 Forms
1.1 Levels and chambers
1.2 Closeness and joints
1.3 Forms are adequate for required class of surface finish (F1, F2, F3, ……)
1.4 Alignment and plumb
1.5 Application of form oil
1.6 Free from ponding of water
2 Openings and Penetrations

2.1 Dimensions as per drawings
2.2 Position as per drawings
2.3 Embedment plates installed
2.4 Fixings and supports
2.5 Cast-in pipe and conduits
2.6 Chamfers installed
3 Wall and Column Forms

3.1 Type of form (steel, timber, other, ………)
3.2 Tie bolts (number, location, etc)
3.3 Fixings and supports
3.4 Concrete cover (…………mm)

(Name)

(Name)
69
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Cast In-Situ Reinforced Concrete Concreting
Location :
Designation : Checklist No. ____________________________
FINAL CHECK PRIOR TO CASTING
1 Inspection of formwork (dimensions, plumb, level, alignment, rigidity).
2 Cleanliness of forms (mould oil applied)
3 Construction joints (cleanliness, position, preparation, properly secured)
4 Inspection of reinforcement (cover, size, numbers, spacing, cleanliness

laps, links, stirrups)
5 Mechanical (opening for duct & pipe sleeve, trimming bars, inserts, rigidity)
6 Electrical (conduit and box earthing conductor, opening for equipment

rigidity)
7 Slump test recorded (at the batch plant……….mm; on site…………mm)
8 Mix acceptable (concrete grade as required) check D/O for night grade
9 Testing laboratory notified and required number of cubes taken
10 Vibrators and stand-by vibrators available
11 Weather condition acceptable (good, fair, rain)
12 Time limitation 120 min. (time measured from batching to fully discharged
concrete time)
13 If in-use concrete pumps clean and ready
14 Mobile cranes & concrete hoppers available as means of concrete

placement
15 Concrete free fall not more than 1.6m
16 Safety measures covering this activity are adequate (barricades,

platform, etc.)
17 Dowel bars, waterstop, joint filter installed as required
18 Others
19 Final inspection for this item

(Name)

(Name)
70
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Location :
INSPECTION DURING CASTING AND POST-CASTING
1 Compaction in horizontal layers of less than 450mm
2 Thoroughly worked between forms and reinforcement
3 Pouring time START…………………..FINISH………………….
4 Alignment, elevations and supports checked during pouring
5 Construction joints (horizontal) in required position
6 Finish of concrete as specified (type/ class of finish…………………….)
7 Concrete curing applied as specified (type of curing…………………….)
8 Amount of concrete poured…………………m 3
9 Others
10 Final inspection for this item

(Name)

(Name)
71
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Installation of Penstock
Location :
1 Approved material : _______________________________________
2 Correct bolt holes depth, position and spacing
3 Bolting (chemical anchor bolt) penstock to wall
4 Correct vertically
5 Correct horizontally
6 Correct spindle alignment
7 Grouting of penstock frame
8 Headstock and actuator installed
9 _______________________________________________
10 _______________________________________________

(Name)

(Name)
72
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Installation of Pumpset
Location :
1 Approved handling and working method
2 Correct pump plinth and/ or motor pedestal footing setting out
3 Correct hold down bolt type & size for pump/ motor pedestal/ shaft
pedestal
4 Correct pump level and alignment
5 Correct motor level and alignment
6 Correct shaft alignment - pump, motor, intermediate shaft (attach results)
7 Bolting and gasket at flange joint
8 Grouting of pump foot/ shaft pedestal/ motor pedestal
9 Auxiliary piping installed
10 All damaged surface made good
11 _______________________________________________

(Name)

(Name)
73
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Location :
1 Correct chamber level and opening size
2 Correct vertically and horizontality - Bottom section
3 Correct vertically and horizontality- Intermediate section
4 Correct vertically and horizontality - Upper intermediate section
5 Bolting and grouting of frame sections to wall
6 Correct vertically and horizontality - Head section
7 Scarificial anodes installed correctly
8 Assembly of equipments at head section in order
9 Correct installation of roler chain and mesh panel
10 Wash water system installed correctly

(Name)

(Name)
74
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Installation of Valve
Location :
Designation : Checklist No.
1 Correct plinth dimension and level
2 Flange dimension comply to Appendix 3.1 (Specification)
3 Correct J-bolt installed
4 Correct valve level
5 Correct vertically, horizontality and orientation (flow direction)
6 Correct bolts and gasket as flange joint
7 Correct bolt tightening torque
8 Correct alignment of extendd spindle
9 Headstock and/or actuator installed
10 Grouting at plinth
11 All damaged surface make good

(Name)
Nonconformance raised during inspection /re-inspection? YES NO NCR No.:

(Name)
75
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Installation of Submersible Equipment
(e.g VERTICAL MIXERS / SLUDGE MIXERS / SUBMERSIBLE PUMPS)
Location :
Designation : Checklist No.
1 Correct level (tank/sump….etc)
2 Approved submerged part material
3 Correct alignment of guide rail (sub. pump)
4 Drive unit secured to position
5 Correct alignment of rotatiing shaft (ver. mixer)
6 Lifting equipment installed (i.e slewing jib, hoisting chain)
7 _________________________________________________
8 _________________________________________________
9 _________________________________________________
10 _________________________________________________

(Name)
Nonconformance raised during inspection /re-inspection? YES NO NCR No.:

(Name)
76
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Location :
1 Approved pipe material & size : ______________
2 Piping layout, level and alignment as per approved drawing
3 All valves, fittings and etc in order
4 Correct piping jointing
5 Approved pipe support and brackets
6 Approves surface coating at site : __________________
7 _________________________________________________
8 _________________________________________________
9 _________________________________________________
10 _________________________________________________

(Name)

(Name)
77
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Checklist
Pump Performance Test
Location :
Designation : Checklist No. : ___________________________
Pump Make/ Model :_______________________________

Pump Serial No : _________________________________
Motor Rating : ____________________kW, Voltage : ________________
Motor Make/ Model :_______________________________
Motor Serial No : _________________________________
Pumpset No : ___________________________________
Specified Pump Duty : Flow : ______________________
Total head : ___________________
Speed : ______________________
Suction pipe diameter : _______________________ Discharge pipe diameter : ________________________
Suction gauge elevation above pump C/L suction : ____________________ Discharge : __________________
1 2 3 4 5 6
No Description Valve fully Duty Duty Duty Intermediate Valve fully Remarks
closed Point Point Point Point open
1 2 3
1 Flowrate ( )
2 Delivery Head (m)
3 Suction Head (m)
4 Current (A)
5 Voltage (V)
6 Motor Input power (kW)
7
8
9
10
11
12
Test date : _______________ Time start : ____________ Time finish : _____________________
Recorded by : _______________ Name : _______________________

(Contractor)
Inspected by : _______________ Name : _______________________

(Consultant)
Witnessed by : _______________ Name : _______________________

(Employer)
78
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Inspection of Lifting Equipment
(OVERHEAD CRANE / PORTAL CRANE / MONORAIL / SLEWING JIB)
Location :
1 Approved beam/girader launching method
2 Correct level of corbel ; with shim if necessary (overhead crane) /

floor (portal crane or slewing jib) / beam (monorail)
3 Correct plates, beam and girder dimension
4 Correct span of runway
5 Correct anchor bolts size and spacing
6 Grouting of anchor bolt pocket
7 Runway beam / jib standard bolted to structure
8 Tie member bolted to column & welded to runway beam

overhead crane
9 All members bolted correctly (portal crane)
10 Stooper plate installed
11 All damage surface make good
12 End carriage / hoist / electrical festoon installed
13 Saftey feature & sinage installed (buzzer, etc.)

(Name)

(Name)
79
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Inspection of Ventilation Fan
Location :
1 Correct opening size
2 Correct fan type, make, capacity and spec.
3 Correct fan orientation
4 Correct fan level and alighment
5 Fan assembly bolted correctly to wall / plinth
6 Correct duct size
7 Correct duct alighment
8 Sufficient fan and duct support
9 Duct insulated (for pump motor exhaust)
10 Opening gap sealed
11 Grouting of pllnth
12 All damage surface make good

(Name)

(Name)
80
SPAN TS 1402:2016

Inspection Guide
Installation of Equipment on Plinth
Location :
1 Approved type, make, model and capacity
2 Correct plinth dimensions
3 Assembly in order
4 Correct level (skims if necessary)
5 Correct alighment and orientation (flow)
6 Correct bolt type, size and tightening
7 Grouting of plinth (if necessary)
8 Auxilary piping and fixing installed
9 ____________________________________
10 ____________________________________

(Name)

(Name)
81
SPAN TS 1402:2016
Guidance on List of Defects (not limited to)
82
SPAN TS 1402:2016
ITEM DEFECTS TYPE OF CATEGORY OF

DEFECTS DEFECTS
A General
1 Clean Site compound Visual Minor
2 Clean perimeter drain Visual Minor
3 Clean inner channel Visual Minor
4 Clean inspection/valve chambers Visual Minor
5 Clean debris from site Visual Minor
6 Soil settlement at site Civil Major
7 Site flooded Civil Major
8 Premix to internal road Maintenance Minor
9 Provide internal drains Maintenance Minor
10 Repair perimeter drain Maintenance Minor
11 Repair Fencing Maintenance Minor
12 Repair kerbs Maintenance Minor
13 Repair fencing posts/gates Maintenance Minor
14 Replace RC slab/grating cover Material Minor
15 Penstock not installed Equipment Major
16 Penstock leaking Equipment Minor
17 Tank leaking Structural Major
18 Repair RC crack to structures Structural Major
19 Provide hand railing Safety Minor
20 Paint hand railing yellow Visual Minor
21 Re-paint hand railing Visual Minor
22 Paint RC walls Visual Minor
23 Provide grating for opening Safety Minor
24 Screening plants surrounding fencing Visual Minor
25 Trim grass up to 5 ft outside fencing Visual Minor
26 Landscaping Visual Minor
27 Provide warning signboard Safety Minor
28 Provide water supply Maintenance Minor
29 Provide toilet facility with wash basin Operation Minor
30 Provide stop log Equipment Minor
31 Rectify effluent channel Civil Minor
32 Access road to STP Access Major
33 Stainless steel nuts & bolts Material Minor
B Screen & Chambers

1 Lifting chain for basket screen to be SS Operation Minor
2 Electric chain hoist for basket screen Operation Minor
3 Guide rails for basket screen Operation Minor
4 Working platform for static screen Access Minor

83
SPAN TS 1402:2016

TYPE OF CATEGORY OF
ITEM DEFECTS
DEFECTS DEFECTS
B Screen & Chambers (continued)
5 Platform for mechanical screen Access Minor
6 Clear access to stairway etc Access Minor
7 Provide perforated screenings bin Equipment Minor
8 Relocate electrical cable for screen Maintenance Minor
9 Bar screen to be removable Maintenance Minor
10 Clean screen chamber Maintenance Minor
C Pump Station
1 Cracked wall Structural Major
2 Provide SS guide rails Material Minor
3 Provide SS lifting chain Material Minor
4 Clear pump sump Maintenance Minor
5 Provide overflow pipe Operation Minor
6 Leaking gate valve Equipment Minor
7 Provide hand railing around pump sump Safety Minor
8 Grating for pump opening Safety Minor
9 Label all pumps Operation Minor
10 Noisy pump –vibrating Equipment Major
11 Adjust level regulator-floats Operation Minor
12 Isolation switch for pumps Safety Major
13 Re-install guide rails Maintenance Minor
D Pipework & fittings

1 Repair pipe leaks Pipe/fitting Minor
2 Label pipes with flow direction Operation Minor
3 Noisy check valve Pipe/fitting Minor
4 Provide valve chamber Maintenance Minor
5 Provide extension spindle for gate valve Operation Minor
6 Provide valves for diffuser pipes Pipe/fitting Minor
7 Valve leaking Pipe/fitting Minor
8 Force main to be properly secured Maintenance Minor
9 Replace GI pipes with DI Material Minor
10 Relocate pipe works Maintenance Minor
11 Paint pipe work to colour codes Operation Minor
12 Incorrect pipe size Pipe/fitting Major
E Grit Removal
1 Provide grating Safety Minor
2 Provide collection bin Equipment Minor
3 Filtrate return to sump Operation Minor
4 Provide stop log for distribution channel Equipment Minor

84
SPAN TS 1402:2016
TYPE OF CATEGORY OF
ITEM DEFECTS
DEFECTS DEFECTS
E Grit Removal (continued)
5 Provide access ramp and platform Access Minor
6 Leaking sand classifier Equipment Minor
F Oil & Grease Removal

1 Provide access platform Access Minor
2 Provide hand railing Safety Minor
3 Provide baffles Operation Minor
4 Skimmer pipe to be non-corrosive Material Minor
5 Paint belting cover Maintenance Minor
G Mechanical
1 Screen conveyor overload Electrical Major
2 Blower motor burnt Equipment Major
3 Noisy check valve Equipment Minor
4 To provide spare parts Maintenance Minor
5 Label all equipment Maintenance Minor
6 Set equipment working on timer Operation Minor
7 Grease all bearings & chains Maintenance Minor
8 Install all equipment 1 m from wall Maintenance Minor
9 Ventilation system in dry well/chamber malfunction Safety Major
H Electrical
1 Rectify timer Electrical Minor
2 Repaint switchboard panel Electrical Minor
3 Check efficiency of capacitor Electrical Minor
4 Beacon light not functioning Electrical Minor
5 Re-calibrate current overload Electrical Minor
6 Provide rubber mat at control room Safety Minor
7 Replace non-functioning indicator lights Electrical Minor
8 Aerator trip Equipment Major
9 Replace capacitor/contactor Electrical Minor
10 Provide individual isolator switch Electrical Major
11 Repair junction box Electrical Major
12 Exposed electric cable Electrical Major
13 Replace PVC conduits with GI Electrical Minor
14 Incoming cable sizing not correct for amps Electrical Major
15 Replace single MCB with 3-phase Electrical Major
16 Provide spot light for wet well Electrical Minor
17 Junction box to complete with isolator Electrical Minor
18 Provide 3-pin outlet socket Maintenance Minor
19 Calibrate earth fault relay Electrical Major
20 Replace malfunctioned light fittings Maintenance Minor
85
SPAN TS 1402:2016
TYPE OF CATEGORY OF
ITEM DEFECTS
DEFECTS DEFECTS
H Electrical (continued)
21 Ammeter non functioning Electrical Minor
22 Hour-meter non functioning Electrical Minor
23 Replace auto-trans for pump Electrical Major
24 Check incoming cable to MCCB Electrical Minor
25 Switchboard to comply to specs Electrical Minor
26 Indicate MCB rating for mechanical screen Electrical Minor
27 Indicate MCB rating for belt press Electrical Minor
28 Provide compound light Electrical Minor
29 Relocate junction box Electrical Minor
30 Cover bus-bar Safety Major
31 Junction box to be weather proof Electrical Minor
32 Sand fill & concrete cover for incoming trench Electrical Major
33 Outdoor cable tray to be GI Material Minor
34 Replace damaged cable trunk Electrical Major
35 Replace power factor regulator Electrical Major
36 Replace malfunctioned starter Electrical Major
37 Carry out impedance test Electrical Minor
38 Provide earthing chamber Safety Minor
39 Provide fire extinguisher Safety Minor
40 Provide electrical line diagram Electrical Minor
41 Provide first aid kit Safety Minor
I Blower Room
1 Provide sound proofing Safety Minor
2 Provide ventilation Safety Minor
3 Provide acoustic doors Safety Minor
4 Provide silencer for blowers Safety Major
5 Replace piping & check valve Pipe/fitting Minor
6 Carry out sound test Safety Minor
7 Oil leakage at pressure gauge Maintenance Major
8 Nuts & bolts for blower frame Material Minor
9 Repair cracks in blower room walls Structural Major
10 Blower not functioning Equipment Major
11 Provide lifting device for blower Maintenance Minor
12 Blower undersized Equipment Major
13 Provide cover for belt drive Safety Minor
J Aeration Tank
1 Noisy aerator Equipment Major
2 De-silt tank Maintenance Minor
3 Structural cracks Structural Major
4 Aerator malfunction Equipment Major
86
SPAN TS 1402:2016
TYPE OF CATEGORY OF
ITEM DEFECTS
DEFECTS DEFECTS
J Aeration Tank (continued)
5 Diffuser imbalances air Pipe/fitting Minor
6 Surface aerator vibrating Equipment Major
7 Access to aeration tank Access Minor
8 Replace slabs with grating at openings Material Minor
9 Metal stairway corroded Access Minor
10 Adjust surface aerator submergence Operation Minor
11 Access to discharge channels Access Minor
K Secondary Clarifier
1 Scum skimmer adjustment Operation Minor
2 Repaint sludge scraper bridge General Minor
3 Adjust level of scum box Operation Minor
4 Adjust overflow weir plate Operation Minor
5 Access to bridge Access Minor
6 Clean launder Maintenance Minor
7 Clear rubbish from scum box Maintenance Minor
8 Provide safety grating for opening Safety Minor
9 Skimmer pipe leaking Pipe/fitting Minor
10 Hand railing for bridge Safety Minor
11 Noisy motor Equipment Major
12 Provide water tap for maintenance Maintenance Major
13 RAS pump malfunction Maintenance Major
14 Check for equal distribution Operation Major
15 Provide access for sludge collection chamber Access Minor
16 Clarifier scraper malfunction Equipment Major
17 Clarifier tank leaking Structural Major
L Lifting Devices
1 Provide 1 ton chain block Maintenance Major
2 Provide lifting davit Maintenance Minor
3 Adjust height/location I-beam Maintenance Minor
4 Safe working load for I-beam to comply to DOSH Safety Major
5 SWL painted on davit Safety Minor
6 Electrically operated lifting device Maintenance Minor
7 Lifting chain to be stainless steel Maintenance Minor
M Flow Measurement
1 Calibrate flow measurement equipment Maintenance Minor
2 Hard-standing / concrete working area Maintenance Minor
3 Test & certify flow recorder Maintenance Minor
4 Hand railing for parshall flume Safety Minor
5 Flow meter device not provided Instrument Minor
87
SPAN TS 1402:2016
TYPE OF CATEGORY OF
ITEM DEFECTS
DEFECTS DEFECTS
N Holding Tank
1 Provide desludging pipe Operation Minor
2 Provide overflow pipe to inlet Operation Minor
3 Repair desludging pipe Pipe/fitting Minor
4 Provide stairway and extended platform Access Minor
5 Provide cover for opening Safety Minor
6 Provide SHT mixer Equipment Major

88
SPAN TS 1402:2016
ANNEX D: MASS BALANCE AND HYDRAULIC PROFILE
89
SPAN TS 1402:2016
18
HYDRAULIC PROFILE
16
14
Top Water Level (m)
12
10
4 EXAMPLE
2
0
Inlet Primary Pump Sump Secondary Grit Chamber Grease Anoxic Tank Aeration Clarifier Tank Chlorination Sludge
Chamber Screen Screen Chamber Tank Chamber Holding Tank
Chamber Chamber Process Unit
Top Water Level (TWL) m Ground Level
Signature & Company

Endorsement: Stamp:
90
SPAN TS 1402:2016
EXAMPLE
Signature & Company
Endorsement: Stamp:
91
SPAN TS 1402:2016
ANNEX E: PROCESS DESIGN CALCULATION

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TECH

2.0 Normative Reference ............................................................................. 8

3.0 Terms and Definitions .............................................................................. 8

3.1 biochemical oxygen demand, BOD .................................................... 8

3.2 chemical oxygen demand, COD......................................................... 8

3.3 design capacity ...................................................................................... 8

3.4 effluent ..................................................................................................... 8

3.5 equipment ............................................................................................... 9

3.6 population equivalent (PE) .................................................................... 9

3.7 performance requirements ................................................................... 9

3.8 regulatory authority ................................................................................ 9

3.9 scum ......................................................................................................... 9

4.0 Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) Drawings ........................................... 10

4.1 General Requirements ......................................................................... 10

4.2 Layout ..................................................................................................... 10

5.0 Civil and Structural (C&S) Requirements ........................................... 11

5.1 Reference Standards ........................................................................... 11

5.2 Soil and Hydraulics ................................................................................ 12

5.3 Concrete................................................................................................ 13

5.4 Reinforcement....................................................................................... 14

5.5 Coating for Steel ................................................................................... 14

5.6 Water Supply ......................................................................................... 15

5.7 Roads and Access ................................................................................ 16

5.8 Perimeter Drain...................................................................................... 16

5.9 Effluent Discharge ................................................................................. 17

5.10 Fibre Reinforced Plastic (FRP) .............................................................. 17

5.11 Aluminium .............................................................................................. 19

5.12 High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) ...................................................... 19

5.13 Marine Corrosive Environment ............................................................ 19

6.0 Mechanical and Electrical Requirements ......................................... 20

6.1 Mechanical Design Consideration ..................................................... 20

6.2 Mechanical Installation Considerations............................................. 20

6.3 Noise ....................................................................................................... 22

6.4 Odour Control ....................................................................................... 22

6.5 Motors, Controllers and Motor Starters ............................................... 23

6.5.1 Motors .......................................................................................... 23

6.5.2 Controllers ................................................................................... 23

6.5.3 Motor Starters.............................................................................. 23

6.6 Power Supply Systems .......................................................................... 23

6.7 Switchgear and Control Gear Assemblies......................................... 24

6.8 Control Room and Cabinets ............................................................... 25

6.9 Control Requirements........................................................................... 26

6.9.1 Manual Control .......................................................................... 26

6.9.2 Drive Systems .............................................................................. 26

6.10 Early Warning System (EWS)................................................................. 26

6.11 Instrumentation ..................................................................................... 26

6.12 Cables and Cabling Installation ......................................................... 27

6.12.1 General ....................................................................................... 27

6.12.2 Instrumentation .......................................................................... 27

6.12.3 Buried Cables ............................................................................. 27

6.12.4 Underground Ducts ................................................................... 27

6.12.5 Conduits ...................................................................................... 28

6.12.6 Cable Support Systems ............................................................. 28

6.13 Earthing and Lightning Protection ...................................................... 28

6.13.1 General Purpose Power ............................................................ 29

6.13.2 Manuals and Labelling .............................................................. 29

7.0 Process Design Requirements ............................................................. 30

7.1 Design Influent and Effluent Values .................................................... 30

7.2 Inlet Chamber ....................................................................................... 31

7.3 Primary Screens ..................................................................................... 31

7.4 Pump Stations ........................................................................................ 32

7.5 Secondary Screen Chamber .............................................................. 33

7.6 Grit and Grease Chamber .................................................................. 33