Chapter 2 Macromechanical Analysis of a Lamina

Engineering Constants

Dr. Autar Kaw

Department of Mechanical Engineering
University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620

Courtesy of the Textbook

Mechanics of Composite Materials by Kaw
σ x ≠ 0 ,σ y = 0 ,τ xy = 0

 ε x   S 11 S 12 S 16   σ x 
     0
 ε y = S 12 S 22 S 26   σ y 
     0
γ   S 16 S 26 S 66   τ xy 
 xy    
(a)

FIGURE 2.23
Application of stresses to find
engineering constants of an angle lamina
 ε x = S 11 σ x ε y = S 12 σ x γ xy = S 16 σ x

σx 1 εy S 1 σx 1
ν xy ≡ − = − ≡− =−
12
Ex ≡ = γ xy E1
ε x S 11 εx S 11 mx S 16 E1
 σ x = 0 ,σ y ≠ 0 ,τ xy = 0

 ε x   S 11 S 12 S 16   σ x 0
    
 ε y  =  S 12 S 22 S 26   σ y 
     0
γ   S   τ xy 
 xy  16 S 26 S 66 

(b)
FIGURE 2.23
Application of stresses to find
engineering constants of an angle lamina
 ε x = S 12 σ y ε y = S 22 σ y γ xy = S 26 σ y

εx σy 1 σy
S
ν yx ≡ − = − 12 Ey ≡ = 1
≡− =−
1
εy S 22 ε y S 22 my γ xy E1 S 26 E1

ν yx ν xy
=
E y Ex
 σ x = 0 ,σ y = 0 ,τ xy ≠ 0

 ε x   S 11 S 12 S 16   σ x 0
     0
 ε y  =  S 12 S 22 S 26   σ y 
    
γ   S 16 S 26 S 66   τ xy 
 xy    
(c)

FIGURE 2.23
Application of stresses to find
engineering constants of an angle lamina
 ε x = S 16 τ xy ε y = S 26 τ xy γ xy = S 66 τ xy

1 τ xy 1 1 τ xy 1 τ xy 1
=− =− =− =− G xy ≡ =
mx ε x E1 S 16 E1 my ε y E1 S 26 E1 γ xy S 66
 ε x   S 11 S 12 S 16   σ x 
    
 ε y = S 12 S 22 S 26   σ y   1 ν xy mx 
      − − 
γ   S 16 S 26 S 66   τ xy   Ex Ex E1 
 xy      ε x    σ x
  
 ε y = − ν xy
1 my  
−  σ y
   Ex Ey E1   
γ     τ xy 
 xy   
− m x my 1 
−
 E1 E1 G xy 
1
= S 11
Ex

= S 11 c 4 +(2 S 12 + S 66 ) s 2 c 2 + S 22 s 4

1  1 2 ν12  2 2 1 4
= c + 4
−  s c + s
E1  G12 E1  E2
1
= S 22
Ey

= S 11 s 4 +(2 S12+ S 66) c 2 s 2 + S 22 c 4

1  2 ν12 1  2 2 1 4
= s + −4
+  c s + c
E1  E1 G12  E2
 1
= S 66
G xy

=2(2 S 11+2 S 22 − 4 S 12 − S 66 ) s 2 c 2 + S 66 (s 4 + c 4 )

 2 2 4ν12 1  2 2 1 4 4
=2 + + −  s c + (s + c )
 E1 E2 E1 G12  G12
m x = − S 16 E1

[
= − E1 (2 S 11 − 2 S 12 − S 66 )sc 3 − (2 S 22 − 2 S 12 − S 66 )s 3 c ]
 2 2 ν12 1  3  2 2 ν12 1  3 
= E1  − − +  s c + + −  s c 
 E1 E1 G12   E 2 E1 G12  
m y = − S 26 E1

= − E1 [(2 S 11 − 2 S 12 − S 66 ) s3 c − (2 S 22 − 2 S 12 − S 66 )s c3]

 2 2 ν12 1  3  2 2 ν12 1  3
= E1  − − +  s c+ + −  s c 
 E1 E1 G12   E 2 E1 G12  