MODULE 1 TABULAR REVIEW

Criscelle Corpuz- RESEARCH INTRODCUTION

METHODS
IN-TEXT CITATION TYPE OF DIMENSION RELEVANCE ON CURRENT
NO. EMPLOYED/ANALYSI ANNOTATION
STUDY RESEARCH
S TECHNIQUES

1. Abulencia, A. (2015), “The Online Article An insight on the Observational Method  The Filipino nation Critique on how the Filipinos
Unraveling of K-12 on-going and still greatly values view the new education
Program as an Education possible further education and change and assessment on
Reform in the Philippines” effects of K12 families, specifically how they react on it. It also
curriculum to the the parents, view it informs about the K12
Filipino people. as investment curriculum.
(Abulencia 2015).
 There is a difficulty to
afford even basic
education these days
which is contradictory
to the vision of
education that it
should be nurturing
and make a human
being humane which
is affected by the
 need to be globally
competent where the
need to train students
more rigidly in line
with the other parts of
the world (Abulencia
2015).
 As there are many
young people in the
country, they are
expected to
contribute to the
economic
development and
growth of the country.
As the way Former
president Benigno
Aquino III responded
to these needs, he
signed the Basic
Education Act of
2013 (Republic Act
10533), or most
commonly referred to
as K-12 law. The K-
12 law (Abulencia
2015).
 The K-12 Law
exemplifies that a
child must undergo
kindergarten,
preschool, Grades 1
to 6 for elementary
level, Grades 7 to 10
for secondary
education then
additional two more
years which is now
called Senior High
School (Abulencia
2015). The social
concerns that were
raised with this issue
were the contentions
on who are going to
benefit more in this
law and who will be
those that will be left
behind with having
the privilege to
access this new
education curriculum
and some sectors of
the society and
institutions will either
be positively or
negatively affected
(Abulencia 2015).
 Application for PSHS
National Competitive
Examination (NCE).”
Philippine Science High
School System - Highlights
of PSHS System Science
Research Summit 2018.
2. (2018)
3. Blaikie, N., & Priest, J. Textbook
(2017), “Fundamental Chapter
Choices in Social
Research”
Online Article Research subject Historical Analysis  Most of the Science This article gives the
situation in the High Schools in the information about the various
Philippine Philippines already science high schools in the
Science High expose their students country that have research
Schools in research writing writing and defending in their
like Philippine curriculum which proves that
Science High School, the subject is already practiced
Manila Science High not only in the undergraduate
School, Pasay level.
Science High School,
Bacoor Science
Class and Cavite
National Science
High School.
Definition of Content and  Social Research – is The textbook has an in depth
Social Research, Framework Analysis about solving discussion about introduction
Interpretation of problems which to research. More intricate
social actions include both information about the
and philosophical intellectual puzzles experiences of the researchers
thinking of a and practical while working on the study,
researcher, and problems. As social how they should approach and
what makes a scientists, one must how they struggle on it.
research be able to explain
successful describe and
understand aspects
of social life. (Blaikie
et al 2017)
 However, according
to Blaikie et al
(2017), the
 interpretation of
social actions and
phenomena in the
contemporary era is
weak so it is a task
for the researcher to
select his own
paradigm on how to
answer the ‘why’
research question.
With that, he
suggests that the
researcher should be
having his own
philosophical
assumptions and
work on his research
while philosophically
wide open and being
theoretically
accepting, as well.
 In the chapter
“Fundamental
Choices in Social
Research (Blaikie et
al 2017), it says that
a successful
research requires not
only collecting,
generating and
analysing data but to
think beyond
 descriptions to
explain to the
simplest up to the
most complex
aspects of the work.
In order to overcome
these obstacles, the
researcher has both
the passion and
dedication to his/her
work. In a quote by
Sir Edward Appleton,
he asked himself
what was ‘the secret
of his success’, he
said “I rate
enthusiasm even
above professional
skill.”



Brancati, D. (2018), “What Textbook What are the Content and Narrative  Social Sciences – This is also a book with a good
Is Social Science Chapter existing social Analysis Anthropology, and broader perspective on
Research?” sciences, what Business, introducing research. It
comprises a good Criminology, explores the various social
research topic, Economics, sciences field, described the
4.
the hardships a Education, Political essentials of having a better
researcher has to Science, Sociology, research work, skills to have
go through and so forth. These and enhance, and also
working on a disciplines differ not focusing on the internal
study and what on the types of struggles that is highly to be
approach should human behaviour experienced by each person
a research have. they examine but doing rigorous research. It also
rather what emphasis assesses how one could write
of particular a research paper in its utmost
behaviour and purpose.
methods they tend to
use to study them.
(Brancati, 2018).
 According to Brancati
(2018), “a good
research topic should
be something that is
important to the
researcher” because
that would keep him
invested in the study
and also to the
people around him to
keep being
interested, as well. A
good research is
engaging and at the
same time
challenging for it
requires a lot of skills
including learning a
new foreign
language, new
technological skills,
usage of statistical
software tools that
requires tedious work
 because it requires a
massive amount of
hours from inputting
data to databases.
 Also, research is a
sacrificial work
because there might
be a need to go
abroad, living without
the personal luxuries
and minimal amount
of privileges in some
immersed areas, as
well. Without any
travel, research is still
demanding because
there will be a lot of
phone calls at any
time of the day,
personal, phone or
online interviews,
surveys, and having
minimal time to
spend relaxing
weekends and
holidays.
 In relation to that,
there will also be a lot
of emotional
sacrifices. Doing
research requires
you to push your
 limits and raise
certain doubts,
frustrations, and
might feel
overwhelmed. In
certain cases, it will
make you feel lonely,
stressed, depressed,
especially in cases
where things didn’t
go the way you plan
it or the results does
not entice you as you
expected it to be.
 In terms of scientific
writing, one should
be informative rather
than persuasive and
should be formal,
objective, and
analytical. The
language and
structure of the way
it’s written should be
clear, plain, precise,
direct and should not
be using highfalutin
words. (Brancati,
2018)
5. Carlos, A. ., & Magno, A. R. Textbook
(1977), “A Profile of the
Philippine Social Scientists”
History of social Content and Historical  The history of social
Chapter science and Analysis science in the
scientists in the Philippines is very
Philippines, distinct and after
Statistics some time, the field
regarding these has varied into 13
researcher and main districts, some
situation of the of which are
published Economics,
research journals Sociology, Political
in the year 1976 Science, Mass
Communication, etc.
Focusing on
Sociology, in the year
1976, there were 99
university/college
offering the course
where 83 sociology
students graduated,
one (1) government
agency but no
Private employment
(Carlos et al 1976).
 Agencies both in
public and private
offices regard
research as their
“bread and butter” in
order to generate
ideas and implement
projects, such as
Philippine Institute for
 Development
Studies, The
Philippine Statistical
Research and
Training Institute,
Philippine
Sociological Society,
Social Weather
Station, and Pulse
Asia Research, Inc.
 Such publishers also
have research as
their bread and butter
such as the
Philippine Economic
Society (1961),
Philippine
Sociological Society
(1953), Philippine
National Historical
Society (1951) and
Philippine Political
Science Society
(1974) (Carlos et al,
1976).
 In the year 1976,
according to the “A
Profile of the
Philippine Social
Scientists”, it is
stated “The
publication of

6. CREATE. (n.d.), “Research
Fundamentals for Activists”
research does not
present problems. An
adequate variety of
journals, perhaps
even too many cover
the various discipline”
(Carlos et al 1977). 
Online Journal Stated who are Survey and Content This content contributed a
 In a text guide from
those capable of Analysis perspective on whom could we
CREATE, they
doing research consider as researchers as
tackled if anyone can
studied by experts in the
and as a rigorous conduct research and
Western research field. 
study for the they said “yes”
academia. because human
experiences are
subjected to be
thought upon
because “any time
you are comparing
one method or
product to another,
you are conducting
research” (CREATE,
n.d.), and said that
the academia
(universities),
industries, non-
government
organizations, public-
private development
partnerships
and government
conduct the rigorous
and scientific
research. 
7. DEPED (2016), “The K to Online Contains primary Content Analysis  The years that is mandated Serves as the backbone for
12 Basic Education Information information about for a Filipino student to be sourcing primary information
Program: GOVPH” Database the K-12 system completed is aimed to train about the K-12 system
students with more mastery
of the lessons and more
training of skills, having the
goal of lifelong learning and
equip the students before
graduating the
characteristics and attitudes
of being employable and
able to handle
entrepreneurship (DEPED
2016)

 The additional two years is

considered “upper”
secondary education that
serves as transition to
college-level where a
student would choose
his/her specialization
(known as strand/track) that
would base on the student’s
interests, intellectual
capability and the school’s
ability to cope the system,
as well. The specific path
he/she will choose
determines the specialized
subjects one will take
(DEPED 2016)
 Frequently Asked
Questions:
Why are we now
implementing 13 years of
basic education? (DEPED
2016)
 The country is one of
the countries in Asia
which have only 10
years of studying
years prior to college
level (together with
Angola and Djibouti)
 13 years of studying
is the known
standard learning
years both for
professionals and
students in the world.
How will students choose
their Senior High School
specializations? (DEPED
2016)
 There will be certain
tests and indicators
that will assess the
strengths and
interests of each
student.
o Aptitude tests,
Career
Assessment
Exams,
 Occupational
Interest
Inventory,
Career
Advocacy
Seminars and
others that are
expected to
help the
students to
choose their
track.strand.

Dobronte, A. (2016), “The Online Article A guide on what Content Analysis  Here he answered It gave an idea on how to
importance of socio- the online survey the common make the transition and a
demographics in online should contain questions of; whether background on the framework
surveys” and how to socio-demography for the survey form
should be asked, is
weave it
yes, what should be
thoroughly asked, and if agreed
what to ask, where
8. should it be put. It
gives a substantial
flow for the study
both for descriptive
and statistical
purposes.
9. Koch, A. (2016), Online Article A guideline for Content Analysis  The survey quality is It served as a guide on the
“Assessment of socio- the before, during the product from the whole survey study process
demographic sample and after selected samples
composition in ESS Round processes of when choosing
6” conducting the representatives from
survey study the target population
(Koch 2016)
 The level of
nonresponsive bias
and the method of
analysis bases on the
survey results which
depends on the
accuracy of the
information about the
population
parameters (Groves
2006)

 There should be a
similar survey to be
answered then the
survey data will be
those to estimate the
variables similar to
those being
produced. Then
when the data
produces information,
it could be called the
gold standard, the
difference between
the hypothesized
responses and the
 actual data could be
the indicator of
possible bias (Koch
2016).

10. Markey, J. F. (2007), “A Online Article Defined social Observational Method  According to John This article contributed on
Redefinition of Social phenomenon and Markey (1925 – giving a deeper meaning on
Phenomena: Giving a Basis how it should be 1926) – as the “something” which is the
for Comparative Sociology” viewed in redefinition of what social phenomena that social
Social Phenomena
research studies. scientists study. It comprises
is, “considered as
including all information on what defines a
behavior which phenomena and gives a
influences or is broader sense on what and
influenced by how to study it.
organisms
sufficiently alive to
respond to one
another. This
includes influences
from past
generations.
Developments in
social study which
furnish a basis for
this concept are the
behaviouristic trend
and the emphasis
upon the objective
nature of social life,
study of groups, and
group
life, environmental,
and ecological
 study.”

11. Neuman, W. L. (2017), Textbook The importance Content Analysis and  For Neuman (2017), Social  This text gives information that
“Why Do Research?” Chapter of social science research entails;  is more grounded on how the
Survey Method
research in our  Making better normal people also view
daily lives and decisions  research.
about life 
conducted an
 Understand not only
interview on few yourself but the
people on how people around you as
they view well 
research  Decide professional
issue 
 He also conducted a
survey where he
questioned few
people what they
think about research,
and some of the
responses say; 
o “It allows you
to exercise
creativity and
fun”
o “Has difficult
and
mysterious
parts until you
learn about
them then it
becomes easy
to grasp”
o “Yield results
that could
 make a
difference in
real life” 
 This text gives
information that is
more grounded on
how the normal
people also view
research. 
o “Research could
take time and effort,
but it is rarely a
waste if done
properly” 

12. University of Leicester Online Journal Stated that Content Analysis  According to the  A more scientific approach in
(1970), “Module 9 : research skills University of describing people who have
Introduction to Research” are signs of Leicester, Research research skills and a more
higher or more is a sign of intricate definition of what it is
advanced Intelligence because to be human and to be a
intellectual it entails adaptation researcher as a natural
capabilities and to the world a person tendency.
related it with exists in, reason why
human ability to humans are said to
harness complex be the most
information.  “intelligent” species. -
Humans have the
capacity to observe
plan and effect
change and have the
knowledge to share
resources and be
rational. Humans live
in language, cultural
and literary
 complexities yet we
communicate
exchange information
to immense to
change.
 Additionally, humans
as “intuitive”
scientists, it is primal
to  us to question and
test theories
about ourselves,
others, happenings,
and the society
around them. Basic
thoughts are
“Looking into
something” and
“looking for
something.”

Portus, L. M., Barrios, E. Guidebook A detailed and in- Content and Research – a systematic This contributed on defining
B., Conaco, M. C. G., & Go, Chapter depth description Framework Analysis and scientific investigation research in the most basic
S. (2018), “Introduction” of processes and of a phenomenon (Portus et perspective and the general
process that al 2018) reference for the group
should be kept in  In Academic module. It is also an intricate
mind and be Institutions today - mode of guidebook that deals
13. practiced in order There is no lack in with Philippine-contextualized
to create a good the quantity of scenarios and activities in the
and worthy research produced research area.
research. because it is a
requirement mainly
for undergraduate
and graduate schools
 (Portus et al 2018).
Additionally, most of
the Science High
Schools in the
Philippines already
expose their students
in research writing
like Philippine
Science High School,
Manila Science High
School, Pasay
Science High School,
Bacoor Science
Class and this
contributed on
defining research in
the most basic
perspective and the
general reference for
the group module. It
is also an intricate
mode of guidebook
that deals with
Philippine-
contextualized
scenarios and
activities in the
research area.
 “This has been the
subject of many
discussions among
researchers and
 those evaluating
research outcomes”
(Portus et al, 2018).
 Although there are a
lot of produced
researchers, it is a
fact that a lot were
left unpublished or
unfunded.
 *What is “good”
research?

 According to Portus
et al (2018) “Good”
research may also
refer to that which is
relevant and
significant in
addressing important
concerns.” It is
where the study is
directed on a specific
goal not to waste
time and resources
but to make sense of
the happening for
everyone.
 Salgado, P. V. (1988), “The
Nature and Scope of Social
Sciences”
14.
15. Schonlau, M., Fricker, R.
D., & Elliot, M. N. (2002),
“Conducting Research
Surveys via E-Mail and the
Web”
Textbook Social Science Content and Historical  According to Salgado This provides another angle on
Chapter research as an Analysis (1988), with a more how to approach research and
. act of service of anthro-theological the purpose of being a social
man to both God view, he said that scientist. It also adds the
and fellows social science is an theological view of being a
emphasis to the researcher.
service to man,
making man the
focus, the writer and
the end of all social
institutions. He also
said that it combines
an individual and
God’s design.
Online Article Framework guide Content Analysis  Most of the time, the A guide on doing the survey
for surveying focus of the survey is form and the survey before,
processes on the instrument when during and after processes
it should be placed on
the entire research
process. The overall
survey process
includes objectives,
sample frame
development,
specification for data
collection technique
and selection of
appropriate study
approach (Schonlau et
al.,2002, p. 5).
 Internet surveys have
undefined formal
survey-process
network, but stil, the
basic process should
be applied (Schonlau et
al.,2002, pp. 6-7);
o Definition of survey
objectives
 target respondents
 target of interests
 type of data to be
collected
 determination of
expected answers
o Selection of sample
 method of sampling
technique
 probability or
convenience method
o Producing and testing
the tool
 creation of sample
frame (optional)
 choosing medium of
gathering response
(mail, Web, etc.)
 pretesting
 revising
o Reaching out to
respondents
 Notifying them
 beforehand
 Post-answering
gratitude note
 Follow-up for
unresponsive targets
o Data Collection,
reduction and Analysis
and Interpretation

Jannel Nisperos
ONTOLOGY AND EPISTEMOLOGY

METHODS
IN-TEXT CITATION TYPE OF DIMENSION RELEVANCE ON CURRENT
EMPLOYED/ANALYSI ANNOTATION
STUDY RESEARCH
S TECHNIQUES

1 Bhattacherjee, A., (2012). E-book
Social Science Research:
Principles, Methods, and
Practices.
Social Research  Defined that science The book discussed the basic
Methods is the science that and general definitions of the
studies people and concepts and ideas that relates
societies and is found in research itself.
The book is helpful for research
 One of the
beginners in developing their
  Scientific research skill in research writing and
has two levels practices.
namely theoretical
and empirical level

 Theoretical level was

defined to be deriving
concepts and ideas
and its relationship
between each other

 Empirical Level tests

the formulated
concepts and ideas
and their
relationships

 Scientific methods is
defined as set of
techniques that are
used to be able to
analyze and interpret
 The book also
tackled the process
of research and its
methods.

2 Mahesh, C. & Neena S., Module Social Research  Research is defined The module was a short and
(2011). Social Research Methods to be finding the concise definition of terms and
Methods. explanations to the research itself. The terms
unanswered found in the module also gave
questions different definitions of
 According to Emory “research” based on different
(n.d.), “any organized studies and authors. The whole
inquiry designed and module consist of the ideas and
carried out to provide concepts that will help a
information for research to flow and develop
solving a problem.” into a concrete idea. It is helpful
as well to research beginners in
 The author also
widening their knowledge
discussed about the
regarding social research.
characteristics of
research to be
systematic and
organized study of a
phenomenon. It also
uses scientific
methods and
empirical data as
basis

 Further added in the

module is the
purpose of research
like verifying existing
facts and contributing
to the development of
knowledge that
already exists.

 Mahesh (2011)
stated in the module
that theory “provides
the conceptual
model” of the
 research.

Mark Derayunan

RESEARCHER’S DECISIONS AND CHOICES

METHODS
IN-TEXT CITATION TYPE OF DIMENSION RELEVANCE ON CURRENT
EMPLOYED/ANALYSI ANNOTATION
STUDY RESEARCH
S TECHNIQUES

Portus et al, 2018, Doing Book Guide in Doing Step by Step guide in  Defines the Evidence likelihood to inform
Social Science Research: A Social Science conducting a Social importance and the decision making
Guidebook, Philippine Research Science Research definition of research
Social Science Council as a systematic
approach for learning
and acquiring
knowledge it clarifies
the steps
involved in the initial
stage of doing
research.
1
 It establishes the
situation and
progress of research
in the Philippine
setting as it is viewed
by many to be an
academic
bargain, the book
however, clarifies its
importance in
development
 One Schema
(Brechin and Siddell,
2000)
enumerates three
ways of knowing
things first is
Empirical Knowing
which is attained
through
qualitative and
quantitative studies.
Second is somewhat
informal since it is
based from intuitive
senses which it the
Theoretical way of
knowing. Lastly is the
Experiential knowing
based from practices
and experiences.
These three ways
may be distinct but it
does not mean it
does not overlap and
complement each
other
 Decision Making and Report Firm and Discussion  Discussed the Provides examples in utilization
Strategy Processes, Aston Managerial method of research method and
Business School. Levels of used in doing the choices
Analysis in research decisions
process appropriate
Research
for a certain
phenomenon
mentioning the use of
regression and factor
analysis in dealing
2 with and investigating
firm level phenomena
and in managerial
issues in the
other hand utilize mix
method of qualitative
including cognitive
data collection
techniques.
 Pollock, Fernandes, Research Developing an Methodological Discuss that Describes a Research
Newton, Scott, Hartling, Evidence Based Discussion information comes Approach (Decision) in
2019, A Decision Tool to Decision Tool to from multiple Gathering and Obtaining
systematic reviews to
Help Researchers Make Help Empirical Evidence
provide a single
Decisions About Including Researchers synthesis of relevant
Systematic Reviews In Make Informed decision making and
Overviews of Review of Inclusion provided a
Healthcare Interventions Decisions when systematic way of
Conducting discerning this
Overviews information into
evidence by coming
up with an empirical
study each
containing
different compressive
and challenges then
3. they structured
the data into an
iterative process
to provide a
descriptive analysis
thus formulating
questions to turn
evidence into an
empirical qualitative
data. The method
proposes that it
would be insightful
for researchers to
come up with
conclusions if they
could transform
evidence into
overviews.
ROMULUS CUIZON

STEPS IN DOING RESEARCH TABULAR REVIEW

METHODS
IN-TEXT CITATION TYPE OF DIMENSION RELEVANCE ON CURRENT
NO. EMPLOYED/ANALYSI ANNOTATION
STUDY RESEARCH
S TECHNIQUES

Cornell University, 2016, Online Journal Step by step Guide/Step by Step ● This journal focuses The relevance of this journal in
The Seven Steps of the process in doing Procedure on giving a simple my topic is to provide a good
Research Process, Olin research but effective guide in guide in conducting a
&Uris Library doing a research research. Both of this journal
paper. and my study is good for
neophyte researchers and it
● These steps can be will give them specific
1 adaptable in a certain knowledge in doing research.
study and it can be
arranged depending
on the need of the
researcher.
 Yousaf, Muhammad, 2018,
Research Design- Types of
Research Design,
Scholarship Fellow
2 research.
Blogpost Definition and Guide ● This Blogpost is all This blogpost is relevant to a
Types of about Research certain topic of the given study
Research Design Design and which is the 4th step in my
different types of it. study, the research design.
● A research Design Both of this blogpost and my
is a systematic assigned topic talked about the
approach in importance of research design
and both of them indicate that
● A research design is a research design should
the overall follow a strategic methodology,
synchronization of related to the topic chosen.
the data used in the
study which leads to
a plausible outcome.

State University of New Online Journal Step by step Guide/Step by step ● This journal aims to Just like what other guides out
York Potsdam, 2012, 6 process in doing procedure provide a good there, this journal provides a
Simple Steps for Writing a research foundation in starting strong foundation in writing a
Research Paper a research paper. research paper by giving
simple yet specific guides that
 This serves as a are helpful for aspiring
guide in research but, researchers.
3 they are encouraging
readers/aspiring
research to provide
their own guide to
support their
research writing.
 Wilson, Amanda, 2017, 7 Online Journal Step by step Guide/Step by step ● It is important to This journal focuses on the
Steps to Help You Write a procedure in procedure. follow academically importance of coming up with a
Research Paper, Stanford doing research steps in writing a well-written research paper.
University research paper. The journal is all about writing
a good research paper by
● The steps in this establishing a good literature
journal will enable the review being systematic in
researcher to write a writing a research paper.
research paper that
4
can produce a good
research paper.

If applied, these
steps will guarantee
the researcher to
produce a good and
logically research
paper.

Portus et al, 2018, Doing Book Guide in Doing Step by Step guide in ● This book aims to Before conducting a research,
Social Science Research: A Social Science conducting a Social help students, it is important to acquaint
Guidebook, Philippine Research Science Research especially students critical mindset, skills and
Social Science Council who are taking their processes. These are the
undergraduate different attributes that are
degree in conducting important to acquire in order to
a Social Science produce a good research. It is
5
Research. also to follow every step in
conducting research and it is
● This paper deals on important to be systematic and
how to create a good if possible, be sophisticated
social research and when doing a research project
also to utilize the or paper.
methods of

Cabili, Sequete, Capilitan.
2015. A Review on the
Issues in the
Implementation of K-12: A
Baseline Study.
6 there is a
researching in a
systematic way.
Research Issues in Survey Method  This paper aims to Before planning a big project, it
Paper implementing the specifically, open- identify the problem is important to identify the pros
K-12 especially in ended questionnaire. of the K-12 and cons of the project. This
the Science implementation paper clearly indicates that
Curriculum specifically in the there is a loophole in the
Science Curriculum. implementation of the K-12
 The paper sees that curriculum and it needs to be
addressed as soon as
decongestion among possible.
science subjects that
hurdles the efficiency
of learning among
students.
 Uyquiengco. Benefits of the
K-12 Curriculum for Filipino
Students.
7 more equipped and
Online Article Benefits of K-12 Step by step Guide  This article gives an Even though K-12 seems very
Curriculum emphasis about the promising, change is never
importance of the K- easy. Especially when it is a
12 Curriculum. big undertaking such as the
 The author indicates implementation of the newK-12
that Graduates of K- curriculum guide in the
12 curriculum are Philippines. It is high time,
however, that improve the
more prepared for quality of our basic education
the job opportunities and our students.
after graduating.

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