ME331 – Fluid Mechanics

ASSIGNMENT NO.2- FLUID STATICS

1. Comment upon the statements:

a. Without flow, the pressure must be transmitted normal to solid boundaries and arbitrary
surfaces in a fluid
Pressure is not directed to a certain direction, pressure is a scalar quantity, meaning it
has no direction, the only quantity that has a direction is the force, changing the
direction of the body will change the direction of the force but the pressure is still the
same. A fluid exerts a normal force to the boundary in contact and this boundary is
large and the force may differ to the place it is convenient with in terms of pressure.
An example of which will be a knife, when we try to cut using its flat edge, the
force will be distributed to a larger surface area thus having less pressure and it will not
be able to cut but if we use the sharper edge of the knife, which has less surface area, it
will result in greater pressure so the knife cuts easily.
Without flow, the pressure at a point is the same regardless of orientation of the area
upon which it acts

The statement is true by the definition of pressure which is the force per unit area where
the force acts perpendicular to the surface. When the force if exerted on a fluid, pressure is
created that exerts an inward force on the element from all directions which then exerts an
outward force in reaction. The body will experience an inward force in all directions thus the
reaction will be the same at all points irregardless of its orientation independent of the force
the body experiences.

2. State and prove the Pascal’s Law, and give one example, with discussion, where this principle is
applied.
3. What is meant by intensity of pressure? How it varies with the depth of fluid?
4. What is pressure head? How pressure can be expressed in terms of height of a liquid column?
5. Do the center of pressure and center of gravity ever coincide? And if so, under what condition?
6. Discuss how would you compute the resultant hydrostatic force acting on a curved surface that
is totally submerged in a liquid?
7. State and explain Archimedes Principle, and mention only one of its practical application.
8. Why does aman floats well in sea water than in fresh water?
9. State and explain the condition that should be fulfilled for the stable equilibrium of a body.
10. Explain the terms center of buoyancy, metacenter, and metacenter height.

Consider the crank-mechanism system shown in

Figure E2.3. Determine the rotary inertia of this system
about the point O and express it as a function of
the angular displacement u. The disc has a rotary
inertia Jd about the point O. The crank has a mass mG
and rotary inertia JG about the point G at the center of
mass of the crank. The mass of the slider is mp.

Consider the crank-mechanism system shown below. Determine the rotary inertia of this system
about the point O and express it as a function of the angular displacement u. The disc has a rotary
inertia 𝐽𝐺 about the point O. The crank has a mass 𝑚𝐺and rotary inertia 𝐽𝐺 about the point G at the
center of mass of the crank. The mass of the slider is 𝑚𝑝