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(Plane and Solid Mensuration)

Hand-out No.12

Miscellaneous Solids

Ellipsoid 1 2
Ellipsoid is a solid figure obtained by revolving an V= πr h
2
ellipse about an axis. Whereas, the volume of a two-base paraboloid, with two base
radii, radii r1 and r2 and with height h
1
V= πh( r12 +r22)
2
Torus
A torus is a solid form generated by rotating a circle
about an axis that is in the plane of the circle but not
intersecting the circle.
A torus has a surface that possesses a single hole.
If the lengths of the semi-major and semi-minor axes This single-holed “ring” torus shapes like a doughnut. The
of an ellipsoid are the same, that is a = b, then the ellipsoid volume of a torus with r as the radius of the circle being
may be characterized alternatively as a spheroid. rotated, and R as the distance from the center of the circle to
4 the axis of rotation is given by
For ellipsoid: V= πabc
3 V = 2π²r2R
4 2 4 2 The surface area of the torus can be computed using the
For spheroid: V= πa c or V = πb c formula
3 3 A = 4π²rR
If an ellipse is rotated about its minor axis, then the
ellipsoid is an oblate spheroid. On the other hand, if an ellipse
is revolved about its major axis, then the ellipsoid is called
prolate spheroid.

Composite Solids
A composite solid consists of several parts of known
geometric shapes, whose weights and volumes can be
Another solid derived from ellipsoid is a semi-ellipsoid determined. The total volume of a composite solid may be
2 2 determined by adding the volumes of its individual parts. The
whose V = πr h
3 weight or mass of each solid may be determined by
Where r is the radius of the top face multiplying its volume by its given density. Many engineering
and h is the altitude. systems have mechanical parts that contain holes or cavities.
Hence, for a solid containing a hole, the volume is the
difference between the volume without the hole and the
volume of the solid that fills the hole.
EXAMPLES
1. Find the volume of the spheroid with semi-major and
semi-minor distances of 9 cm each, and a rotational
Paraboloid distance of 7 cm.
Paraboloid is the solid obtained by revolving a 2. Find the volume of a one-base paraboloid water basin
parabolic curve about its axis. having a diameter 16 m and an altitude of 32 m
A paraboloid has a distinctive “nose-cone” 3. Find the radius “r” of Choco-Wacko Dunkin Donut if its
appearance. It has two appearances that accord to its number volume is 8π2cm3 and the distance from the center of the
of bases; the one-base paraboloid and the two-base doughnut to the axis of rotation is 4 cm.
paraboloid, 4. The composite solid shown is made steel that weighs
7850 kg/m3. The 20-mm hole is drilled at the center of
the top face and the same height as the solid. Find its
volume in mm3 and its mass in kg.

The volume of a one-base paraboloid with radius r

and heigh h