General Chemistry

F21 MUNOZ, JULIA LORRAINE S.

11 STEM F

1. Which of the following solutes will produce the largest increase in boiling point
upon addition to 1.0 kg of water: (1.0 mole of Co(NO3)2, 2.0 moles of KCl or 3.0
moles of C2H5OH)?
Given: wtH2O = 1.0 kg nCo(NO3)2 = 1.0 mol nKCL = 2.0 mol
℃
nC2H5OH = 3.0 mol KbH2O = 0.52 m
Sol’n:

a. mCo(NO3)2
mCo(NO3)2 = nCo(NO3)2 / H2O kg
= 1.0 mol Co(NO3)2 / 1.0 H2O kg
= 1. 0 mol/kg or m

∆Tb Co(NO3)2 = Kbm

℃
= (0.52 ) (1.0 m)
m
= 0.52 ℃
BP Ca(NO3)2 = 100 ℃ + 0.52 ℃
= 100.52 ℃

b. mKCL
mKCL = nKCL / H2O kg
= 2.0 mol KCL / 1.0 H2O kg
= 2. 0 mol/kg or m

∆Tb KCL = Kbm

℃
= (0.52 ) (2.0 m)
m
= 1.04 ℃
BP Ca(NO3)2 = 100 ℃ + 1.04 ℃
= 101.04 ℃
 c. mC2H5OH

mC2H5OH 2 = nC2H5OH / H2O kg

= 3.0 mol C2H5OH / 1.0 H2O kg
= 3. 0 mol/kg or m

∆Tb C2H5OH = Kbm

℃
= (0.52 ) (3.0 m)
m
= 1.56 ℃
BP Ca(NO3)2 = 100 ℃ + 1.56 ℃
= 101.56 ℃

2. What is the boiling point and freezing point of a 4.5 m Ca(NO3)2 solution in water?
℃ ℃
Given: conc’n Ca(NO3)2 sol’n = 4.5 m KbH2O = 0.52 m KfH2O = 1.86 m

Sol’n:
∆Tb Ca(NO3)2 = Kbm
℃
= (0.52 ) (4.5 m)
m
= 2.34 ℃
BP Ca(NO3)2 = 100 ℃ + 2.34 ℃
= 102.34 ℃

∆Tf Ca(NO3)2 = Kfm

℃
= (1.86 ) (4.5 m)
m
= 8.37 ℃

FP Ca(NO3)2 = 0 ℃ - 8.37 ℃
= - 8.37 ℃
3. The freezing point of a sample of naphthalene was found to be 80.6 oC. When
0.512 g of a substance is dissolved in 7.3 g naphthalene, the solution has a freezing
point of 75.2oC. What is the molar mass of the solute? The Kf of naphthalene =
6.80oC/m.
Given: FPnaphthalene (pure) = 80.6 oC FPnaphthalene (impure) = 75.2 oC
wt. substance (solute)= 0.512 g wt. naphthalene = 7.3 g → 0.0073
℃
kg Kfnaphthalene = 6.80 m
Sol’n:
FPnaphthalene (impure) = FPnaphthalene (pure) - ∆Tf
∆Tf = FPnaphthalene (pure) - FPnaphthalene (impure)
= 80.6 oC - 75.2 oC
= 5.4 oC

∆Tf = Kfm
m = ∆Tf / Kfm
℃
= 5.4 oC / 6.80
m
= 0.794117647 mol/kg or m

= (0.794117647 mol / kg naphthalene) ( 0.0073 kg naphthalene / 1)

= 0.005797058823 mol

wt. substance = (nsubstance) (MM substance)

MM substance = wt. substance / nsubstance
= 0.512 g / 0.005797058823 mol
= 88.32064942 g/mol
≈ 88 g/mol