CCS - CCUS:

Developing Countries Perspectives

Dr Mohammad Rachmat Sule

Center Manager of Indonesia CoE CCS/CCUS at Institut Teknologi Bandung

Regina, 7 – 12 July 2019

What kind of realities we face globally?
 Present World Crisis

Peak Oil Climate Change

 Growing Energy Demand

•1970’s

•Source: 1970 & 2005  BP Statistical Review of World Energy , 2020  EIA International Energy Outlook 2006
 Growing Energy Demand

•2005
•Source: 1970 & 2005  BP Statistical Review of World Energy , 2020  EIA International Energy Outlook 2006
 To stop global warming
• It will take
– ①increased energy efficiency,
– ②increased renewable energies,
– ③the decarbonisation of power generation
from fossil fuels.

• The only technology available to mitigate

greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from large-scale
fossil fuel usage is CO2 capture and storage (CCS).
(from CO2 Capture and Storage, IEA, 2008)
 What is the current situation in
Indonesia related to energy issue?
 Energy Issues of Indonesia
• Indonesia's energy demand is highly
dependent on fossil fuels and its proven fossil
fuel reserves are limited and declining.

Energy Blueprint
 Indonesia is the Coal Country
• Indonesia is rich in coal resources, with 18.7
billion tonnes of coal identified as reserves and
some 90 billion tonnes as potential resources.
• Today, Indonesia is one of the leading coal
producing countries with production of 206
million tonnes in 2007 (Note: World 3,600 million
tonnes), almost entirely from opencast mines.
• 48 million tonnes was consumed domestically,
accounting for 17% of Indonesia's energy supply,
and 157 million tonnes was exported.
Distribution of coal resource
 Main electric power plants and
domestic transmission lines, 2007
 Oil and Gas Issues of Indonesia
(Indonesia was a member of OPEC)
• Possibly the most important issue is declining oil and gas
production and the fast increasing domestic demands for
oil and gas.
• This comes from the natural maturing of Indonesia's oil
and gas fields, combined with limited investment in
recent years and consequent reduced reserve
replacement rate.
• The supply-demand mismatch has dramatically impacted
on Indonesia's oil and gas exports. At 1990, the oil and
gas sector contributed 43% of export earnings and 45%
of government revenues but now 19% of export earnings
and 30% of government revenues.
Indonesia’s High Exploration Potential
• 60 sedimentary basins, 38 are drilled, 23 been discoveries,
15 oil production and 22 remain to be drilled.
Oil & Gas Field and Pipelines
 National Gas Demand
• Its natural gas resource, Indonesia's domestic natural
gas market has remained underdeveloped.
• Government blueprint: increasing the share of gas in
the primary energy mix to 30% in 2025 (from 27% in
2006).
• To enable this, Government established a master plan
in December 2006 to construct a national gas
transmission and distribution network connecting the
producing regions of Sumatra and Kalimantan with the
major consuming regions of Java.
Plan of Indonesia gas pipeline network
 Upstream Oil & Gas in Indonesia
Indonesia Oil & Gas Reserves As of January 2015

NAD 113.00 OIL

7.38
NORTH GAS
SUMATERA NATUNA
166.22 304.18
0.96
50.01
528.04
3103.45
MID SUMATERA PAPUA
6.61 KALIMANTAN 13.83

1145.77 95.98
SULAWESI
13.84 2.56 12.64 26.21
SOUTH SUMATERA 46.94 MALUKU
WEST JAVA 19.28
606.33 EAST JAVA
1182.47
4.28
6.37

OIL RESERVES GAS RESERVES WORKING AREAS

Proven : 3,602.53 MMSTB Proven : 97.99 TSCF Exploration : 228 PSCs
Potential : 3,702.49 MMSTB Potential: 53.34 TSCF
Total : 7,305.02 MMSTB Total : 151.33 TSCF Exploitation : 84 PSCs
Production: 786,000 BPD
GAS Production: 8,113 MMSCFD Total : 312 PSCs17
OIL
Finding New Oil Field
Exploration Activates
What could we concluded right now:
• The energy supply is getting more attentions.
• Some of oil fields at Indonesia becomes
mature and need EOR (Enhanced Oil
Recovery) treatments in future.
• Form environmental point of view, the CO2-
EOR is attractive technology since global
warming gas (CO2) is injected into the oil
reservoir. However, it is required to develop
the technologies of how to handle CO2 for this
purpose.
•
What would be the solutions?
 ROLE OF CCS IN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY

GREEN OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY INITIATIVE (GOGII)

ENERGY UTILIZATION EFFICIENT

OIL & GAS FUELS

EOR
OIL & GAS
UPSTREAM & DOWNSTREAM INDUSTRY
ACTIVITIES
CCS

21
Source: Ministry of E&MR (2012)
 Treatment of Matured Oil Field
CO2-EOR (Enhanced Oil Recovery)
 Potential Location for CCS
CO2 Removal
Gas Sweetening Depleted Oil Fields, 40-150 mTCO2
CO2 from LNG Plants 250-500 mbbl

Natuna

East
DURI Kalimantan

South Sumatra
Depleted 15-40 mTCO2
Oil Fields 80-170 mbbl

• Limited information for oil and gas exploitation data

• A lot of unidentified potential storage (deep saline formation, deep coal seam)
Lemigas – Balitbang ESDM

23
2
Candidate of CO2-EOR in Indonesia
at Sumatra and Java islands
25
CO2 contents of Some Gas Fields
in Indonesia
Natuna D Alpha Field
Gas Reserves : 46 TSCF
Natuna D Alpha CO2 Content : 72%
Discovery Year : 1973
Water Depth : 143 m

27
 How to solve energy problem in
Indonesia continuously and how to
promote CCS and CCUS activities?
 CLIMATE AND ENERGY POLICY
CLIMATE POLICY RELATED TO ENERGY ENERGY POLICY

1. Indonesia has 2 scenario of 1. Nowdays, 95% of energy utilization

emission reduction comes from fossil fuel. Utilization of
renewable energy only 5%.
Emission reduction 2. In 2025, Indonesia has put a target to
Scenario Total Energy % increase the utilzation of renewable
National energy  5 times higher from 5% to
23% (in every sector including
1 BAU (29%) 849 222 26%
transport sector)
2 International 1.190 393 33%
Support (41%)

2. According to international
support scenario  Indonesia’s
emission reduction in 2030 at
about 1.190 MTonCO2e
3. 33% of total emission reduction
in Indonesia comes from energy
and transport sector. Now 2025
Realisation of Pilot Project of CC(U)S in GUNDIH AREA

KTB (Kedung Tuban) – RBT (Randu Blatung) – KDL (Kedung Lusi) fields

Kedunglusi

Kedunglusi

Cepu

KEDUNGLUSI

KTB – RBT – KDL FIELDS

(Gundih Area)
CCS PILOT PLAN

Central Processing Plant (CPP) of Gundih gas field

KETERANGAN :
: WORKOVER WELL

: PLAN OF SUBSURFACE KTB-03TW

DEVELOPMENT WELL
(CLUSTER SYSTEM)
: INJECTION WELL

: SETTLEMENT
KTB-06

: OPEN AREA

: RICE FIELD

RBT-03
 New CO2-injection will be within
Randu Blatung or Kedung Tuban Structure

-3
KTB-3 KTB-6

00
0
541600 542400 543200 544000 544800 545600 546400 547200 548000 548800 549600 550400 551200 552000 552800 553600 554400 555200 556000 556800 557600

TWT [ms] 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500m

-2200

-2500
1:45595
-2300

-2250
-2400
RBT-1

-3000
-2500
75
0 KTB-1
-2600 -2
-2700

-2800
RBT-3

00
-25
-2900
0 00
-3000 -3
-3100

-2
KDL-1

50
KTB-2

0
-3200
00
-3300 -25

-2500
KTB-4
-3000

-27
50

-3000
-30
00 RBT-2 -2
7 50 -275
0

-32 -27
50 50

-3 -3 -3
25 00 00
0 0 0
541600 542400 543200 544000 544800 545600 546400 547200 548000 548800 549600 550400 551200 552000 552800 553600 554400 555200 556000 556800 557600

Top Kujung Fm. TWT Map

Research activities in the field

1 2 3

4 5 6
1. Provides guidance to the students before going to the field
2. Vibro being prepared before the action
3. Recording group in action (Labo)
4. DSS-12 recording system
5. GRS system
6. Geophone
7. DSS-12 warehouse
7
2017: Action from the Government

The government of Republic Indonesia understood about the

importance of this CoE, thus DG Oil and gas released following
appointment letters:

1. SK Dirjen Migas No. 0201.K/10/DJM.T/2017

 ITB and Lemigas should conduct Indonesian CoE CCS/CCUS

2. SK Dirjen Migas No. 0272.K/10/DJM.T/2017

 ITB, Lemigas and Pertamina should implement CCS Pilot
Project in Indonesia

ITB followed then up those above letters by releasing ITB Rector

Appointment letter (SK Rektor ITB No. 730a/SK/I1.B03/KP/2017)
about: Task Force of CCS/CCUS at ITB
The Center of Excellence of CCS-CCUS ADB

It was started with the signed

agreement between ITB and
ADB and between Lemigas
and ADB for proposing
Knowledge Partnership:

Indonesia Center of
Excellence on Carbon
Capture and Storage

The agreements were signed

in December 2016, and the
activities were conducted
during 2017
Just released May 2018 ADB

The government of Republic Indonesia, i.e.

the DG Oil and gas, released the newest
appointment letter:

SK Minister of Energy and Mineral

Resources of Republic Indonesia
No. 0137.K/73/DJM.S/2018

About:
Task Force of National CoE CCS
Supervision
Organization Structure of Indonesian CoE CCS/CCUS
Advisory Board:
Prof. T. Matsuoka Board of Director: Steering Committee:
Prof. John Kaldi Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resorces,
Dr. Ego Syahrial Director of Oil and Gas Technique and Ministry of Environmental and Forestry,
Prof. Djoko Santoso Environment (DG Oil and Gas) PT Pertamina, SKKMIGAS, Coordinating
Prof. I. G. Wenten Dr. Patuan Alfons Simanjuntak (DG Oil & Gas) Ministry of Economic Affairs, Coordinating
Prof. Dr. Wawan G. A. Kadir (CoE at ITB) Ministry of Maritime Affairs, Ministry of
Dr. Usman
Research, Technology & Higher Technology.
Dr. Syamsu Alam
Amran Anwar
Farida Zed
Haposan Napitupulu
Dody Sasongko
Toru Kubo Center Manager:
Dr. Mohammad Rachmat Sule (CoE at ITB)
Dr. Andi Setyo(CoE at LEMIGAS)

Center Secretary & Portal Manager:

Dr. Anggit Raksajati (CoE at ITB)
Oki Hedriana, MT (CoE at LEMIGAS)

Storage HSE, Risk

Transport Technology of Legal and Assessment, Risk
Capture Technology Technology Financial Analysis NDC
Dr. Sanggono Adisasmito & Technology Well Integrity Regulatory Communication &
Dr. Bagus Budiwantoro & Coordinator: Dr. Anggit Raksajati & Coordinator:
Dewi Istiyani Prof. Awali Priyono & Dr. Bonar Marbun &
Azis Lubad Albert Larope Danang Sismantoro Dr. Retno Guilang Dewi MMV Technology
Dr. Sugeng Riyono Prof. Djoko Santoso
Dr. M. Rachmat Sule &
Oki Hedriana. MT.

Membrane
Technology Geology
Dr. Benyamin Sapiie & Risk Assessment
Dr. CB Rasrendra Eko Susanto Dr. Utjok Siagian
Dr. Retno Gumilang Dewi
Risk Communication
Absorbent Dr. Farah Mulyasari
Geophysics
Technology
Dr Fatkhan &
Dr. Antonius Indarto Oki Hedriana, MT. Health, Safety, and
Environment
Dr. Utjok Siagian &
Microbiology Technology of Monitoring Murachmad Dwi Atmanto
Technology Measurement and Verification
Dr. Dea Indriani
Geochemistry (MMV)
Dr. Alfian & Oki Hedriana, MT
Prof. Eddy Subroto &
Dr. Very Susanto

Reservoir Engineering
Prof. Tutuka Ariadji &
Sugihardjo
Profile of CoE CCS/CCUS could be discovered
on http://ccs-coe.fttm.itb.ac.id/
 CoE Activities ADB

Launching of CoE Workshop 14th Gundih CCS Symposium Launching of CCS task Force at
Jakarta, 23 May 2017 Blora, 4 – 6 August 2017 Pertamina: Jakarta 20 Sep 2017
 CoE Activities ADB

Visiting Deputy of SKKMIGAS

Jakarta, 20 July 2017

Participating in National Week

1st, 2nd
& 3rd
Legal & Regulatory of Climate Change Advisory Board Meeting
FGD: Bandung, 21 April 2017, Jakarta, 2 - 4 August 2017 Bandung 22 September 2017
18 August 2017 & 30 August 2017
 CoE Activities ADB

Some surveys in Blora District: Pseudo 3D Presenting Gundih CCS Project

seismic survey and geochemical investigation at COP-23 in Bonn
Indonesian CCS Legal &
ADB
Regulatory Workshop

Bandung, 24 – 26 Oct 2017

Draft of Presidential Regulation
for supporting CCS and CCUS in
Indonesia (version Oct 2018)

The draft consists of 16 pages….

Future CoE Activities 2018 -

44
Industry collaboration on CCS Pilot Project:

Two days ago:

MoU Signing between ITB and
Samator (PT Aneka Gas)
for furifying CO2
Development of CO2 Capture Technology , Zero Flare Project, Source-
Sink matches: Participation from JOGMEC-Japan, JANUS, MOECO, etc

• Capturing CO2
CO2 that released is produced from power
plants and from gas field with high CO2
content.

• A number of techniques will be studied and

are being tested, to have efficient and
compact technology of CO2 separation, to
be ready for commercial plant. One of the
technologies is: Membrane.
Signing MoA between ITB and JOGMEC
for engaging the cooperation related to
the development of capture technology
(signed on May 13, 2016)

Current status:
Preparing for demonstration stage of
Zero-dlaring project in BANGA DUA
field (West Java, Operated by Asset-3)
Some oil and gas fields in East Java: How to manage the pipeline for CCUS
Starting from 2019: the study related to BECCS will be started!