Rana Arslan Summary Chapter # 05 FA17-BBA-030

Internet Hardware Software and

Communication
Introduction:
In this chapter we are going to explore the information relating to the speed and efficiency of
internet, that how will internet is going fast with the help of fiber optics, and new
technologies that enhance the software and hardware efficiency too now we are able to do
multitasking and also able to send large number of data over networks, so now I will explain
furthermore.

Structure of the Internet:

Structure of internet is much complex its not same that we experienced on our gadgets, on a
backend there are too many different computers are interlinked with each other and each one
has unique IP (Internet Protocol) address, as we human send post to other person we use
street address or destination point on a same page internet needs a IP address by which it can
connect other systems. It’s not really possible to send packets of data to destination because
that procedure is very complex, transferring of data by the help of Router is in process,
because in that complex system if some route is not working properly then router should
assign another path and deliver data at destination.

Hardware:
As we know it is a any electrical system that we can feel or touch, and have some existence,
so we learnt that which hardware are responsible in connecting hosts and in transferring of
data.
Server is a host on a internet and manage or fulfil requests of users, different kind of servers
are, some transfer mails to user some will transfer mails, data from web servers to users for
example HTTP, FTP POP SMTP

Communication Media:
Basically it’s a hardware which is responsible for connecting computers and other digital
equipment, bandwidth can help us in measuring how much data we can transfer through our
medium in a fixed amount. Fiber optics cable enhance the speed, it is much faster than
traditional copper wire and transfer Tb’s of data in seconds.

Storage Area Network:

Different companies have too much data regarding their business and management, they
develop different servers which have just that storages and have backup facility so if one time
lost they easily recover data it use fiber channel technology to connect with computers.

DSL:
Digital Subscribers Line which provides high speed bandwidth to users of copper wire
internet, with the help of DSL speed of copper wire increased to 55Mb’s there are different
kinds of DSL, HSDSL, ADSL, VDSL

Broadband:
It’s the category of high speed internet, provided on same kind of cable television lines which
are hosted to homes and businesses. Unlike DSL it could be shared to many users without the
problem of speed in a town. Using a cable modem in your home eliminates the need for an
extra phone line for your Computer or, if you only have one phone line, allows you to use the
Internet without tieingUp the phone line.

ISDN:
Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) provides high-speed connections to the Internet
over both digital and standard telephone lines, with transfer speeds of up to 128 Kbps. A
specialized piece of hardware called a terminal adaptor (TA) and an ISP that provides ISDN
service are needed. Because of these restrictions, ISDN availability is limited, and The
service is costly.

T1-T3 Lines:
Lines can be used for both voice and data communication. T-1 and T-3 lines are popular in
Many large organizations. T1 supports rate of 1.44 Mbps, and have 24 channels each one
supports 64Kbps,T3 supports rate of 43Mbps and have 672 channels supports 64Kbps

Internet2:
This is upcoming technology which will be 10to15 times faster than this internet, used
several latest applications which supports such technology.

Software:
Application service providers (ASPs) provide customized business software applications over
the Internet. ASPs develop a single set of commonly used applications and customize those
applications to each customer.
A database is an integrated collection of data. A database management system (DBMS)
involves the data itself and the software that controls the storage and retrieval of data.
Database management systems provide, Mechanisms for storing and organizing data in a
manner that facilitates satisfying sophisticated queries and data manipulations

Enhancing Business Communication:

Business communication is benefitting from Internet technologies. Technologies such as
Intranets, extranets and streaming audio and video allow businesses to send clients detailed
And impressive sales presentation
Intranets & Extranets :
Internet which provides internet within the organization or town for the employees or
residents of particular area, while in extranet employees or residents of other towns can also
connect with such system.

Streaming Audio and Video:

It means when you are downloading any audio or video file you van play it while its
downloading.

Internet Telephony:
In this technology you can use your Computer as a telephone by sending fax, messages and
making calls, resulting as a cost efficient communication.

Web casting and web condensing:

This technology enhanced the business communication, you can stream videos of seminars,
lectures, and meetings with employees or managers