Question:

1. Based on Regulation No. 23/th 2006, states that the teaching of English for young
learners at elementary school covers 4 language skills. What are they? Mention them!
2. Some experts suggest their ideas to support the teachers, background knowledge for
teaching English for young learners. What are the main ideas that Jean Piaget, Lev
Vygotsky, and Jerome Brunner proposed. Explain
3. Teaching English for young learners is affected by several factors, what are they?
Mention and explain them one by one.
4. Teaching and learning activities for English language learner are different than those for
adult learners. What are the teaching learning activities for EYL class. Please mention!
5. What are the learning activities for teaching: listening-speaking: reading and writing
skills for young learners. Explain them.
Answer
1. Listening
understand very simple instructions, information, and stories that are conveyed orally in
the context of class, school, and the surrounding environment
2. Speaking
Expressing meaning verbally in interpersonal and transactional discourse is very simple
in the form of instructions and information in the context of class, school, and the
surrounding environment
3. Reading
Reading aloud and understanding the meaning in short functional text information
instructions, and very simple descriptive text illustrated in writing in the context of class,
school, and the surrounding environment.
4. Writing
writing simple words, phrases and functional texts is very simple with proper spelling and
punctuation.
2. B. Jean piaget
Piaget put forward a theory of developmental psychology that deals with cognitive
elements. According to Piaget(1969) children learn from the environment around them by
developing what they already have and will interact with what is found around them. in
interacting, they will take an action in order to solve the problem and this is where the
learning process occurs. according to Piaget, all children are active learners. knowledge
obtained from actions that are self-developed knowledge, not merely imitating or indeed
already possessed. new knowledge is knowledge that is actively compiled by the child
himself.
1. Lev vygotsky
Vygotsky's theory is known as a theory that focuses on social factors and is also often
referred to as the Sociocultural Theory. in essence, he does not neglect Individual
cognitive development. it is also recognized that the development of a child's first
language or mother's language at the age of 2 serves to make a change in cognitive .
vygotsky is a mental expert from Russia, Yes, it is argued that children are active
learners. he has a different view with Piaget, especially in the language learning
 process in children. the theory he developed was known as a theory that focused on
social aspects. vygotsky believes that social interaction with others, especially With
adults will lead to new ideas and increase the intellectual development of learners.
2. Jerome bruner
Bruner is a psychologist who is also one of the surfaces in curriculum reform in the
50s and 60s. Actually he did not emphasize the importance of giving assistance to
students to understand the structure or main ideas of science. but the important thing
is to actively involve students since the beginning of the learning process and is very
important when learning occurs because it was discovered by the child himself.
Brunner argues that the most for cognitive development is language. For this reason,
he investigates how adults use language to connect the real world to children and help
them solve their problems. talking to children while doing activities is a form of
verbal assistance to them. Such activities are diverted to the class in the form of
speaking activities between teachers and students. Such activities are often referred to
as Scaffolding to support or support the learning process.
3. 3. mother tongue
instinct characteristics and skills that have been formed in learning mother tongue or
first language are very helpful for children in learning a new language in this
language.
teaching materials
the selection of material as teaching materials with learning techniques that are
appropriate to the age and interests of children will be able to please students.
teaching materials should be able to stimulate active student learning with clear and
meaningful goals with clear instructions.
Social interaction
Communication between students and teachers and students and students who are
warm will provide a sense of security in beginner learning and increase confidence in
learning a new language. social interaction helps children to use language and makes
them to learn from each other.
learning Media
Eyl learning will be more effective if the teacher uses the media to support teaching
and learning activities because children like things that are visual. the use of teaching
aids or media in the form of real objects puppets and miniature images can make the
presentation of material more interesting and enjoyable.
Family background
family or social background factors can support or hinder children's success in
learning English. The availability of dictionary books and other facilities at home as
well as parental support are also factors that can influence the process of learning a
foreign language.

4. 4. Listening (listening skills)

Here are some examples of listening activities, listen and imitate, listen and repeat,
listen and follow instructions, listen and match.
Speakong( speaking skills)
speaking activities can be, short dialogue, question and amswer, games, role play,
retelling story.

3. Reading (reading skill)

there are some things that can help make reading more interesting, among others, as
follows, use pictures as a tool, give questions, show the title and ask students to guess
it, sentences are not too long In order not to confuse students.
D. Writing (writing activities
by paying attention to the level of students' writing abilities can be distinguished in
the following two categories. copy short sentences or discourse, writing that demands
student creativity should be applied to students at higher grade levels.