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Program Persiapan Langsung

SBMPTN 2020

Tes Potensi Skolastik

Kode Naskah
988

BKB NURUL FIKRI

 988

Text 9
The ozone hole above Antarctica, where the sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays bust through an
otherwise sunscreened stratosphere, has shrunk to its smallest size on record going back to 1982, scientists
have found.
Typically, at this time of year, the hole in the ozone — a layer made up of molecules containing three
oxygen atoms — grows to about 8 million square miles (20 million square kilometers), NASA said. That's
bigger than Russia.
But unusually warm weather in the Southern Hemisphere means that the hole only extended less than
3.9 million square miles (10 million square kilometers) for most of September until now, according to a
statement from NASA.
“This warming that occurred is great news for the Southern Hemisphere because ozone is going to be
higher and UV levels will be lower,” Paul Newman, chief scientist for Earth Sciences at NASA's Goddard Space
Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, told Live Science.
How does it happen? During the winter months in the Southern Hemisphere, clouds form in the
stratosphere, which extends from about 6 to 31 miles (9.5 to 50 km) above Earth's surface. There, even the
smallest amount of visible light from the sun breaks apart chlorine gas into chlorine atoms; those atoms are
considered “reactive” and can chemically destroy ozone molecules. So, the ozone hole over Antarctica tends to
be much bigger in the southern winter.
When temperatures over Antarctica start to warm up, the polar clouds in the stratosphere dissipate,
meaning that there's no place for those ozone-annihilating chemical reactions to take place. This year,
exceptionally warm weather put the nix on ozone-smashing, keeping that ozone hole super-small. “This is as
small as we were seeing back in the early '80s,” Newman said. The ozone hole was so small that it wasn't even
discovered until 1985.

53. What is the main idea of the passage above? 55. With the sentence “This warming that occurred
(A) Antarctic ozone hole is the smallest on is great news for the Southern Hemisphere
record this year. because ozone is going to be higher and UV
(B) The ozone hole above Antarctica has been levels will be lower,” in paragraph 4, the writer
shrinking since 1982. intends to ....
(C) The temperatures over Antarctica are (A) share the good news of the size of the
warming up triggering ozone-smashing. Antarctic ozone hole
(D) Unusually warm weather comes in the (B) describe the shrinking process of Antarctic
Southern Hemisphere. ozone hole
(E) The sun's harmful ultraviolet (UV) rays (C) highlight the role of warm weather in the
intensity is lower this year. ozone hole shrinking
(D) show the relation between the position of
54. The phrase ‘put the nix’ in paragraph 6 is best the ozone and UV levels
replaced by .... (E) provide a scientific explanation for an
(A) worsen unusual event in the Southern Hemisphere
(B) boost
(C) trigger
(D) prevent
(E) eliminate

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56. It can be concluded from the passage that ….
(A) the ozone hole above Antarctica shrinks to
its smallest size every September
(B) the size of the ozone hole above Antarctica
is unusually small this September
988
(C) the ozone hole above Antarctica has never
been that small before
(D) the size of the ozone hole above Antarctica
is usually as big as Russia in September
(E) the temperatures over Antarctica has never
been that warm before

Text 10
Before engineers dreamed of eliminating drivers in cars, they imagined eliminated the side mirrors.
Now a long-sought solution looks closer to finally stripping cars of side mirrors. Many automakers demonstrate
video systems that replace the Mickey Mouse ears with cameras. Continental, a major parts and systems
supplier to automakers, was one of them.
In a customized Mercedes-Benz CLS, Continental demonstrated how its system would work. Thumb-
size video cameras on the exterior of the car replace the side-mounted mirrors and use interior screens on the
left and right side of the dashboard to deliver views of what is next to and behind the car. The screens are near
where a driver would normally look to check a mirror, and the camera views are wider than what a physical
mirror can provide, eliminating blind spots along the side of the car. The cameras, which can automatically
adjust to reduce glare from sunlight or increase brightness at night, are also helpful in tight parking spots.
Technology suppliers hope that regulations requiring old-fashioned physical mirrors will be amended.
Philipp Hoffmann, BMW’s project manager for camera monitor systems expected to begin road testing of the
mirrorless systems in Europe this year, quickly followed by additional testing in Asia. He remained hopeful that
the United States would follow soon.
He may have a good reason to be optimistic. Daimler AG, parent company of Mercedes-Benz, is
already testing a couple of autonomous tractor-trailers in Nevada that use large high-definition screens instead
of side mirrors. Also, BMW recently received an exemption from the Transportation Department in the U.S. to
allow it to deploy an automatic parking feature that enables a BMW 7 Series car to park itself, while the driver
stands on the curb. It is a feature the company demonstrated only a year ago.
Using cameras instead of physical mirrors could also end dangling damaged mirrors. To replace a
typical mirror can be expensive as much as $946 on a 2015 Acura RLX, according to the insurance institute.
However, Mr. McConnell at Continental noted potential savings in building cars that no longer need the
structural support for side-mounted mirrors.

57. How is the last sentence of paragraph 3 related 58. The author’s description on the replacement of
to paragraph 4? side mirrors by a camera is relevant with which
(A) Paragraph 4 explicates Continental’s sense of the following?
of optimism provided in the last sentence of (A) A manual handle window replaced by the
paragraph 3. automatic type
(B) The sentence states Philipp Hoffman’s idea (B) A finger print sliding door replaced by an
about eliminating drivers in cars and the automatic one
following paragraph elaborates the idea. (C) A manual camera replaced by a digital
(C) The last sentence of paragraph 3 describes camera
the regulation in implementing the (D) Cash payment replaced by credit cards
technology in the U.S. and the following (E) A laptop replaced by a desktop
paragraph elaborates it.
(D) Paragraph 4 provides examples to support
the idea about the implementation of
Mercedes-Benz technology mentioned in
the previous sentence.
(E) The sentence discusses the possibility for the
technology to be implemented in the U.S.
and the following paragraph explains the
reasons for the possibility.

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59. Mentioning the testing of the use of large high- 60. The author describes the economic efficiency of
definition screens by Daimler AG in paragraph the mirrorless system most effectively in
4, the author holds the assumption that…. paragraph ….
(A) Mr. Hoffman will get the permission to use (A) 1
mirrorless system in the USA in the near (B) 2
future (C) 3
(B) companies should have demonstrated the (D) 4
new system with cameras one year ahead (E) 5
(C) in less than one year, the mirrorless system
will be very popular among people in the
USA
(D) US regulations on the mirrorless system
was released to public a year ago
(E) the system using cameras will just need a
year to be applied in the USA

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