Erika Joy L.

Aquino
BSA – III
EXERCISE FOR MODULE 4
Exercise 1. In-text Referencing. Do the proper in-text citations for the following:

Traditionally, the functions of a university are research, teaching, and extension.

Of these trifocal functions, it is research that drives the innovations that transform

instruction and service and respond to global pressures and local realities (Alvarez & SOURCE A
Gomez, 2004). Coll (2004) places research at the “heart of the modern university” (p.21). SOURCE E, p. 21

Bawa and Mouton (as cited in Bernardo, Muñoz, and Valencia, 2004) argue that “the
SOURCE D, p. 11
sources of productivity and competitiveness in the knowledge society and global economy

are increasingly dependent on quality knowledge and information being applied to

productivity” (p. 11).

The accumulation of “knowledge capital” (Salkind, 2014, p. 23) is increasingly

being viewed as the new growth factor that drives the engine of economic and social

development. Hence, research ushers “the creation of practical knowledge or through

which new knowledge is discovered” (Kaniki, 2004, p.12). Research is seen as “critical for

wealth creation in the context of globalization” (Kitagawa, 2004, p. 6).

In line with this, Lee (2004) stated that the role of higher education institutions in

pushing the frontiers of research deserves a re-examination considering the massification

of higher education. Evaluation of higher education institutions in the Philippines initiated

by the Commission on Higher Education notes that barely one percent of HEIs in the

country are genuinely engaged in research because the academic staff was either loaded

with teaching or was not trained to do research (Bernardo, 2003). Moreover, Kao (2004)

posits that since research is perceived not to have a direct influence on students, funding

is relatively difficult to acquire. Alvarez and Gomez (2004) attribute this as a limiting factor

for higher education institutions’ capacity to recruit and retain topnotch research staff.

Even as CHED’s mandate is unequivocally enunciated, both the process of

producing quality research and sustaining a research culture does not happen in a

vacuum (McDougall & Fried, 2005; Salkind, 2014).

Arañador, Bilbao, Morano, et al., (2004) suggest that research strategies must be

undertaken to germinate research culture (pp. 21-22).

Erika Joy L. Aquino
BSA – III

References

Alvarez, B., & Gomez, H. (2004). Laying the foundation: The institutions of knowledge in
SOURCE K, p. 23
SOURCE A
developing countries. International Development Research Centre.

Arañador, L. C., Bilbao, P. P., Morano, L. N., Tippins, D. J., & Nichols, S. E. (2004, August 19). SOURCE B
Building a community of researchers through collaboration. The West Visayas State SOURCE F, p. 12

University experience [Conference paper]. Asia Pacific Conference on Higher Education SOURCE H, p. 6
Research, Manila, Philippines.

Bernardo, A. B. I. (2003, Sept, 18-19). Towards a typology of Philippine higher education

SOURCE I
institutions [Conference proceedings]. CHED Symposium on the Rationalization of the

Philippine Higher Education System, Manila Hotel, Philippines.

Bernardo, A. B. I., Muñoz, M. P., & Valencia, M. N. (2004, August 18). Higher education research

development: Perspectives from Australia [Conference paper]. Asia Pacific Conference

on Higher Education Research, Manila, Philippines. SOURCE C

SOURCE C
Coll, J. C. (2004, August 18). Higher education research development: Perspectives from
SOURCE G
Australia. Macmillan.

Kaniki, A. M. (2004). Institutional research culture: A precondition for research capability building

and excellence. http://www.uovs.ac.za/print.php?Cat= SOURCE A

Kao, C. (2004, August 19). Financing of national universities in Taiwan [Conference paper]. Asia
SOURCE D
D
Pacific Conference on Higher Education Research, Manila, Philippines.

Kitagawa, F. (2004, August 19). Whither Japanese ‘research’ universities? [Conference paper]. SOURCE J & K

Asia Pacific Conference on Higher Education Research; Manila, Philippines.

SOURCE B, pp.
Lee, M. N. N. (2004, August 18). Research in/on higher education: Malaysia [Conference paper]. 21-22
Asia Pacific Conference on Higher Education Research, Manila, Philippines.
SOURCE E
McDougall, P. R., & Fried, J. (2005). Models for conducting institutional research. Jossey-Bass.

Salkind, N. (2014). Exploring research (2nd. ed.). Macmillan.

SOURCE F

SOURCE G

SOURCE H

SOURCE I

SOURCE J

SOURCE K
Erika Joy L. Aquino
BSA – III
Exercise 2. Referencing. Use the APA format in writing the reference list for the following
sources. Make sure you alphabetize the reference list.

AUTHOR TITLE PUBLICATION FACTS

Crispin C. Maslog Communication and Society National Book Store
Quezon City, 2019
Robert G. Nisbet, James Z. Introduction to Law Macmillan
Randal, Thomas P. Prest New York, no date of
publication
Claudia Schiffer “How to Look Sexy” March 2018
Vogue pp. 34-36
Kyle S. Roberts (Editor) “Salt: A New Villain” doi: 10.1108/030905607108
The National Geographic
Sandy C. Jaballa Gendering Communication MSEUF
Patterns of Male and Female Text Unpublished thesis
Messages March 2020
L. B. Magsanoc, Rina “RP Economy Soars High” 8 June 2018
Jimenez David Manila Bulletin p. A-4
Not Given “Cybernetics” Volume 15, Number 10
Media Summit March 2019, pp. 12-15
Edgar G. Tejero Jr. Thesis and Dissertation Writing: Mandaluyong City
A Modular Approach (3rd National Book Store, 2020
edition)
Carlos Joaquin J. Ayala “Gender Differences in June 3, 2018
Czakariah J. Ayala Personality Characteristics of http://www2.edu/ncsu/
Counselors in Selected Philippine aern/genderev .hmt
Universities”
James Collins “Cultural Diversity” Volume 3
Encyclopedia Americana 2016 ed.
pp. 134-138

Good Luck!
Erika Joy L. Aquino
BSA – III

Ayala, C. J. J. & Ayala, C. J. (2018, June 3). Gender Differences in Personality Characteristics of
Counselors in Selected Philippine Universities. http://www2.edu/ncsu/aerngenderev.hmt
Collins, J. (n.d.). Cultural Diversity. Encyclopedia Americana. (2016 ed.). 3, 134-138
Jaballa, S. C. (2020, March). Gendering Communication Patterns of Male and Female Text
Messages. [Unpublished master’s thesis]. Manuel S. Enverga University Foundation.
Magsanoc, L. B. & David R. J. (2018, June 8). RP Economy Soars High. Manila Bulletin. p. A-4
Maslog, C. C. (2019). Communication and Society. National Book Store Quezon City
Cybernetics. (2019, March). Media Summit. 15(10), 12-15.
Nisbet, R. G., & Randal, J. Z., Prest, T. P. (n.d.). Introduction to Law. Macmillan
New York.
Roberts, K. S. (Ed.). (n.d.). The National Geographic. Salt: A New Villain. doi: 10.1108/0309056
07108
Schiffer, C. (2018, March). How to Look Sexy. Vogue. (pp. 34-36)
Tejero, E. G., Jr. (2020). Thesis and Dissertation Writing: A Modular Approach. (3rd ed.). National
Book Store, Mandaluyong City.