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SREE NARAYANA GURU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING AND
EEE
TECHNOLOGY,PAYYNAUR
INTERNAL ASSESSMENT TEST II
Programme & B Tech.
Semester 07
Branch Electrical and Electronics Engineering
Course Code &
2K6 EE 705(D) –BIOMEDICALENGINEERING Date 07.10.2016
Name
Maximum Marks 50 Examination Duration 90 Minutes
PART – A Answer any four Questions 4 x 5 = 20 Marks
-10
c) What are the cardinality operators used in DTD? Give an example XML
document
+ (after item) is a cardinality operator:
– ?: appears zero times or once -8
– *: appears zero or more times
– +: appears one or more times
– No cardinality operator means exactly once
Elucidate the complex data type of XML Schema with an example XML
Document
There is a variety of built-in data types
– Numerical data types: integer, Short etc.
2 a) – String types: string, ID, IDREF, CDATA etc. -8
– Date and time data types: time, Month etc.
There are also user-defined data types
– simple data types, which cannot use elements or attributes
– complex data types, which can use these
b) Construct the tree data model for library XML document and write any five
XPath for addressing an element or attribute in XML document.
<library location="Bremen">
<author name="Henry Wise">
<book title="Artificial Intelligence"/>
<book title="Modern Web Services"/>
<book title="Theory of Computation"/>
</author>
-10
<author name="William Smart">
<book title="Artificial Intelligence"/>
</author>
<author name="Cynthia Singleton">
<book title="The Semantic Web"/>
<book title="Browser Technology Revised"/>
</author>
</library>
Describe XSLT
XSLT specifies rules with which an input XML document is
transformed to
– another XML document
– an HTML document -2
– plain text
The output document may use the same DTD or schema, or a
completely different vocabulary
c) XSLT can be used independently of the formatting language
3 a) List the fundamental concepts of RDF and provide different ways of
-6
representing the Statement.
The fundamental concepts of RDF are:
◦ resources
◦ properties
◦ statements
Explanation
Elucidate three types of container elements available in RDF with example
RDF Document
rdf:Bag an unordered container, allowing multiple occurrences
◦ E.g. members of the faculty board, documents in a folder
rdf:Seq an ordered container, which may contain multiple
b) occurrences -10
◦ E.g. modules of a course, items on an agenda, an
alphabetized list of staff members (order is imposed)
rdf:Alt a set of alternatives
◦ E.g. the document home and mirrors, translations of a
document in various languages
Discuss the reification mechanism of RDF
rdf:subject, rdf:predicate and rdf:object allow us to access the parts
of a statement
The ID of the statement can be used to refer to it, as can be done for
-4
any description
We write an rdf:Description if we don’t want to talk about a
statement further
c) We write an rdf:Statement if we wish to refer to a statement
4 a) Write short notes on following RDF Schema terms
(i)Classes and Properties
We must distinguish between
◦ Concrete “things” (individual objects) in the domain:
Discrete Maths, David Billington etc.
◦ Sets of individuals sharing properties called classes:
lecturers, students, courses etc.
Individual objects that belong to a class are referred to as instances
of that class
The relationship between instances and classes in RDF is through
rdf:type
(ii) Class hierarchies and Inheritance.
Classes can be organised in hierarchies
◦ A is a subclass of B if every instance of A is also an instance -10
of B
◦ Then B is a superclass of A
A subclass graph need not be a tree
A class may have multiple superclasses
Range restriction: Courses must be taught by academic staff
members only
Michael Maher is a professor
He inherits the ability to teach from the class of academic staff
members
This is done in RDF Schema by fixing the semantics of “is a subclass
of”
◦ It is not up to an application (RDF processing software) to
interpret “is a subclass
Discuss about RDF versus RDFS layers
Discrete Mathematics is taught by David Billington
The schema is itself written in a formal language, RDF Schema, that
can express its ingredients:
◦ subClassOf, Class, Property, subPropertyOf, Resource, etc.
-4
b)
c) Write the Conceptual model for the any domain with neat sketch -6
Impose restrictions on what can be stated in an RDF document using
the schema
◦ As in programming languages
◦ E.g. A+1, where A is an array
◦ Disallow nonsense from being stated