STI College – Recto

Senior High School Department

#1914, Doña Faustina Bldg. Claro M. Recto Avenue, Quiapo, Manila

The Perceptions of the Students on

the Effects of Street Foods

to their Health

A Research Proposal Presented to the Faculty of the

Senior High School Department

STI College Recto

In Partial Fulfillment of

The Requirements for

Culinary Arts

By:

Evangelista, Zapirah Y.

Regio, Ariza Bianca Q.

Rosales, Alliah Kyla F.

(August, 2019)
 Chapter I

Introduction and It’s Background

Street-foods are a type of food that can be bought in street corners or wherever

they are stationed, they are the favorite of the students. This kind of foods can help satiate

your hunger and not only that, this is also within your budget, given that they are cheap

and can be bought in multiple quantities. A lot of people, especially students, buy street

foods every day because most of them find it delicious, especially on days wherein their

budget is fit only for street foods. Students mostly eat kwek kwek, fishballs, squidballs,

kikiam, calamares, isaw, barbecue, and drinks like buko juice, gulaman, and many more.

And despite all of these, they still have negative effects upon our overall health. Because

these foods are being sold on the streets, it has the possibility of getting dirtied by the

smoke coming out of the vehicles exhaustion pipe. You can also get sick if you eat too

much street foods. The diseases that can be inflicted on you are hepatitis, high blood, this

could also lead to hypertensions because street foods have fats, you could also get

cardiovascular diseases, cancer from burnt barbecues. You can get different kinds of

diseases from street foods because the ingredients that they use are either clean or not.

The researchers conducted this study to know what will be the effects of such foods

towards our health, and to increase their awareness towards the food that they eat

especially street foods. Street food is a ready to eat food or drink sold in public and

anywhere. It is affordable because it’s cheaper on average than restaurants nor fast foods

chain and budget friendly that fits on our budget specially when hunger strikes. Most of

streets foods are being cultural now a days. Because street was a product of cookery or

chef's imaginations that fits on peoples taste.

Purpose and Description

The main purpose of the study is for the students to be aware of the effects of the

street foods for their health. Students should be aware that there are some diseases that

can get from eating street foods such as; Hepatitis, wherein the common symptoms are

your eyes will get yellowish and can cause Cataract that will make your vision low.

Another one is the barbeque's, the burnt part of the barbeque can cause you cancer. It also

can cause you severe allergy, especially if the street food is containing ingredients that

have allergens. You can develop cancer through eating street food always. You can also

suffer from food-borne disease, cause of unsanitary street foods because it has bacterial

infection to your digestive system. If it happens that you consume all those pathogens in

your body, wherein you can develop or have diarrhea, vomiting, and loose watery stool.

The school should be aware that the street foods can have effects on the body of the

students. They should limit or know the foods they are selling to the students. They

should sell foods that are healthy for the students just like vegetables and other healthy

foods. We are doing this research for not only us to be aware of the effects, especially

those students who always buy or eat street foods. The data were used to determine if

there are students who knows the effects of the street foods through their health.

Research Questions

This study aims to determine the perceptions of students on the effects of street foods to

their health. Specifically, it seeks to answer the following questions:

• What are the effects of street foods consumption to the health of students?
• What are the reasons of the students on buying street foods?

• What is the level of awareness on the health hazards of street foods consumptions?

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to provide relevant and reliable regarding to the Students perception

about consuming Street Foods

1. What is the demographic profile of the respondents according to:

1.1. Age

1.2. Gender

1.3. Monthly Allowance

2. To what extent is the perception of students on the effects of eating street foods on

their health?

3. What is the level of effectiveness of the perception of students on eating street food

on their health?

4. Is there any significant relationship between the perception of the students on eating

street foods and the effects of eating street foods?

Objectives of the Study

The following are the aims and goals of the perceptions of Students on the effects of

Street Foods on their health.

General Objective
• This study aims to determine how perception of students about eating street foods can

affect their health.

Specific Objectives

• To know the perceptions of the students towards the street foods

• To show the effects of eating street foods on health.

Significance of the Study

The significance of this study is for the following:

For Students. This research will help the students to understand and have an idea about

the effects of eating street foods in their health. They can also get more background about

the street foods.

For the Administrator. This research will help to convince the administrators to

maintain the cleanliness of the foods offer in the school and can avoid the selling of street

foods on the school ground.

For the Teachers. This research will be useful in the perception of the teachers to help

the students to be more active in the class and convince them to avoid buying and

consuming street foods because of its effect.

For the Parents. This will help the parents to understand and build a much better

awareness about the effects of street foods on their children.

For the Future Researcher. This will help the future researcher to guide them and to

have an idea about a research in this certain topic.

Scope, Delimitation and Limitation

Scope

Initially, this study will aim to know the perception of the students about eating

street foods and how can it affect the health of the consumer. This research will focus on

the senior high school students who are eating street foods.

Delimitation

The selected students from the STI College Recto will serve as the respondents.

The respondents are both male and female with the age ranges of 16-25 years old and it

also includes their monthly allowances.

Limitation

To limit the respondents, the researchers will use a non – probability sampling

technique, specifically the quota sampling wherein there is a deliberate choice of

participants. Quota sampling is a non-probability sampling technique wherein the

assembled sample has the same proportions of individuals as the entire population with

respect to known characteristics, traits or focused phenomenon. This sampling technique

can be very useful in situations that need to reach a targeted sample quickly. In addition

to this, the researcher must make sure that the composition of the final sample to be used

in the study meets the research's quota criteria.

 Hypothesis

Null Hypothesis

There is no any significant relationship between the perception of the students on

eating street foods and the effects of eating street foods

Alternative Hypothesis

There any significant relationship between the perception of the students on eating

street foods and the effects of eating street foods

Conceptual Framework

Input Process Output

1. What is the demographic profile of

the respondents according to:

1.1. Age

1.2. Gender

1.3. Monthly Allowance

2. To what extent is the perception of

 Brainstorming The Perceptions of
students on the effects of eating
 Interview Students on the
street foods on their health?
 Survey through Effects of Street
3. What is the level of effectiveness of
questionnaire
the perception of students on eating
 Statistical Foods to their
street food on their health?
Treatment Health
4. Is there any significant relationship

between the perception of the

students on eating street foods and

the effects of eating street foods?

Theoretical Framework

This illustrates the relationship of three (3) variables within their similarities and

differences.

Sanitation
Improper food Sanitation and
handling Health Factors hygiene

Food Item Students

Purchasing unhealthy food

Definition of Terms

These are the terms that the readers might encounter while reading this research paper:

Effects. A change which is a result or consequence of an action or other causes. The

result of the perception of the students from eating street foods.

Health. The person’s mental or physical condition. The condition of the students in

consuming street foods.

Perception. The ability to become aware of something through senses. The awareness of

the students in eating street foods through senses.

Street Food. The ready to eat food or drinks sold by a street vendor that often sold from a

portable food booth. The food that a student usually buy in the school or near the school.

CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This chapter presents review of related literature and studies correlated to the Perception

of the Senior High School Students on the Effects of Street Foods on their Health.

Review of Related Literature

FOREIGN LITERATURE

According to (Sezgin, Aybuke and Sanlier, Nevin 2016) Nourishments and

refreshments which are arranged and sold by the venders on places like street foods,

celebration ranges and expended by the buyers on the run are known as street food. These

nourishments are choices to hand crafted nourishment and are more reasonable when

compared with the nourishment provided at the eateries. The regions where the street

foods are for the most part criticize and seen as a danger for wellbeing are that the places

where they are delivered and sold are open to earth and defilement which cleanliness,

state of mind, and applications received by the venders amid the planning and capacity of

the nourishment are inadequately. As a expressive inquire about, this study points to
supply data on street foods utilization with common details of street foods, the reasons

why they are favored, and common conditions like cleanliness, quality, and security.

According to (Md. Khairuzzaman et al., 2014) Street food play an critical

financial part in assembly nourishment and dietary necessities of city shoppers at

reasonable costs to the lower and center salary individuals. The number of street foods

harming notices rose consistently around the world since the initiation of E. coli O157:H7

flare-up within the 1980s to date. This may be mostly credited to progressed

reconnaissance, expanded worldwide exchange and travel, changes in advanced

nourishment generation, the effect of present-day ways of life, changes in nourishment

utilization, and the rise of unused pathogens. Consumer’s information and demeanor may

impact nourishment security behavior and hone. For the purpose of open wellbeing, it is

vital to get it the study of disease transmission of foodborne ailments that offer assistance

in avoidance and control endeavors, suitably apportioning assets to control foodborne

ailment, observing and assessment of nourishment security measures, improvement of

unused nourishment security benchmarks, and appraisal of the cost-effectiveness of

mediations According to (Paolo, 2017) Street foods is fundamental to life. We require

nourishment to outlive since it gives our bodies the supplements it needs in arrange for us

to do our day by day assignments and in arrange for us to remain lively. But asides from

nourishment being a require, it is additionally a need. We cherish to eat since we discover

it exceptionally delightful and satisfying to our faculties. The scent, the locate and the

touch of nourishment is so elating that a hash tag was indeed made to commemorate each

supper we have
According to (Osazuwa et. Al, 2017) Polycyclic fragrant hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an

expansive gather of well-known toxicants with carcinogenic potential and other

wellbeing impacts counting on the safe framework. The tall wellbeing dangers of non-

communicable illnesses and significant comorbidities in Africa, especially in sullied

ranges like e-waste and unrefined oil and gas investigation ranges and for tall shoppers of

nourishment product groupings which are most basic for PAH introduction, are

exacerbated by dietary presentation due to hazardous hones in commonly expended

nourishments, like those road vended.

According to (Demet Kocatepe, 2019) The impacts of broiling strategies and covering

forms on the proximate composition, greasy corrosive profile, amino corrosive profile,

cholesterol, acrylamide, and microbiological substance of fricasseed mussel (Mytilus

galloprovincialis 1819) were explored within the show think about. The gather of mussels

that were acquired for think about was partitioned into six bunches (control – natural

mussel meat; Bunch A – secured mussels fricasseed in profound fat; Bunch B – mussel

fricasseed in moo fat; Gather C – uncoated mussel meat browned in profound fat; Gather

D – uncoated mussel fricasseed in moo fat; and Bunch E – mussel served in eateries). It

was decided that the mussel searing strategies can influence the dietary composition and

cause changes within the amino corrosive, greasy corrosive, and cholesterol substance.

According to (Prof. Devlieghere 2014) Street food have gotten to be more prevalent in

creating nations counting Vietnam. In any case street foods utilization has related to

higher dangers of food-borne maladies. These think about was conducted to explore the
nourishment security circumstance in certain locale in HoChiMinh city, Vietnam. There

were three primary studies performed in this think about. The primary study assessed the

nourishment security information and demeanors of shoppers and merchants by the cruel

of survey, while the moment portion centered on perception of the street foods dealing

with hones of the merchants by cruel of a checklist. The final portion was evaluated the

microbiological quality of chosen road nourishments. A add up to of 40 street foods

merchants and 120 consumers were included within the overview, and 71 street foods

tests were collected for microbiological investigation. All the overviews were conducted

in four well known areas, specifically Area Binh Thanh, Area Thu Duc, Locale 3 and

Area 8 and were based on the deliberate interest.

According to (Samuel Imathiu,2017) Street food offering is generally an casual nature of

undertaking which could be a common hone all over the world. Within the third world

nations, this regularly unregulated hone is primarily utilized in tackling socio-economic

inadequacies through the arrangement of ready-to-eat suppers at reasonable costs as well

as a implies of giving work. Street food vended are promptly accessible in numerous

shapes that the consumers can select from, depending on their tastes and inclinations,

additionally their reasonableness. Due to this, these nourishments, in one way or another,

and straightforwardly and in a roundabout way, can altogether impact human sustenance,

nourishment security and security. Current writing demonstrates that expanded utilization

of road vended nourishments can monstrously contribute to arrangement of nutrients and

accessibility of nourishment to millions of individuals around the world. Of most

noteworthy significance within the current advancements in road nourishments is the

truth that they have been recognized as plausible implies for micronutrient fortress in an
exertion to avoid wholesome insufficiency illnesses. These street foods in spite of the fact

that, have potential dangers to the buyers in terms of nourishment security issues

connected to them. Within the creating nations for occasion, they are ordinarily arranged

beneath unhygienic conditions with small or no respect to nourishment cleanliness, a

circumstance that regularly uncovered the shoppers to microbiological and chemical

dangers that can have hindering wellbeing effects in their lives. There's subsequently an

urgent ought to advance nourishment security hones within the generation and utilization

of street food vended nourishments, especially within the creating nations where levels of

cleanliness measures are flawed, in arrange to guarantee that the wellbeing of the

shoppers is shielded, and at the same time guaranteeing arrangement of nutritious, sound

and reasonable nourishments that are effortlessly available to.

LOCAL LITERATURE

According to (Christopher G. Calopez-Chindy Mae L. Herbalega-Cora J. Canonicato-

Manilyn F. Españo-Algeline Joanne M. Francisco,2017) This consider was sought after

to find out the level of awareness and the degree of hones of street foods sellers in Iloilo

City. Utilizing the Descriptive-Correlational plan, the two (2) surveys were utilized as

information gathering instrument and statistics included t-test and ANOVA for the

examination of data. Forty (40) road nourishment merchants were helpfully chosen to

determine the level of mindfulness and degree of hones on food safety. Discoveries

uncovered that the level of mindfulness is higher compared to the degree of hones of

street foods sellers for the entire handle. It is suggested that the neighborhood

government should focus on the nourishment security hones of street foods sellers in
Iloilo City and must actualize rules by entirely reviewing the range and monitoring the

trade operation of these sellers.

According to (Janice D. Elli,2016) Street food distributing given financial openings to

nearby business people, most of which belong to the marginalized division of the

community. Nourishment sold on the roads is inclined to different shapes of contaminants

which may imperil wellbeing and life of its buyers. This ponder was conducted to survey

the situation of street foods distributing in Catbalogan City, Philippines. Utilizing

surveys, observation checklist and camera, add up to of 25 street foods merchants, 60

buyers were watched and met. The observation made to fifteen street foods sellers shows

up to have major GMP infringement such as multiple uses of water in washing,

unprotected capacity, non-food review surface, unclean holders, dishonorable food

handling, wearing unseemly equip, messy environment and the nearness of creepy

crawlies and rodents. Despite government visits to the foundations, markers recommend

that merchants don't hone GMP routinely or is not mindful of it. Factual examinations

have appeared that merchants tend to accept they are practicing a few of the GMP

pointers but perception of clients and the researchers negates. There's a require for a strict

monitoring of the street food sellers to guarantee compliance to RA 10611 of the

Philippine Government. Training of sellers on fundamental GMPs must be required from

each nourishment merchants of the city

According to (Aurora Almemdral, 2014) Accepted that in a city like Manila, where

indeed the cheapest quick nourishment suppers can feel like a spend lavishly for
numerous office specialists, casual slows down with negligible overhead and cheap

products like one of the road sellers she know fill a require and offer assistance the city

run more proficiently. However as much as Manila may require its sellers, it frequently

does not treat them well at all, forcing burdensome directions and restricting how they

utilize the open space that's their advertise put. Through a long time offering on lanes and

in rear ways, the city's community of sellers has ended up sharp almost how to explore

these spaces and how to animate them

Review of Related Studies

FOREIGN STUDIES

According to (Ababio, et al., 2015) The consider examined the sorts of nourishment

dangers, the rates and impact of foodborne infections (FBD) in Senior Auxiliary Schools

in Ghana. A survey was utilized to gather information from 180 boarding school level 1

and 2 understudies from 45 sampled open schools within the Ashanti Locale of Ghana

and examined with SPSS Form 21. Stones and creepy crawlies in nourishment gotten the

most noteworthy complaints nearby nourishment hypersensitivity and bigotry. Out of 180

understudies, 51.7% had experienced FBD with 21.1% of these announcing to wellbeing

centers inside their 1-2 a long time in school. FBD rate rate was 3-12 times per scholastic

year and 12 % of the understudies had been missing from dynamic scholarly work for as

long as 5 days due to FBD with 10% investing between GHC 30.00 - >50.00 on

pharmaceutical per each scene. Understudies 1 suggested moved forward GHP counting

standard cleaning strategies, nourishment temperature control, accessible hand washing

offices with cleansers at the eating corridors and kitchens.

According to (Daurea Abadia De-Souza, et al., 2016) The point of this audit of the

writing is to show contemplations centered on dietary issues related to street foods. More

particularly, this paper will analyze the characteristics of street foods with accentuation

set upon nourishment security and nourishment, hazard of foodborne illnesses,

overweightness and weight, as well as other inveterate non-communicable illnesses.

Street foods are a source of socially acknowledged, cheap, helpful and frequently

engaging nourishments for both urban and provincial individuals around the world. In

any case, street foods are frequently seen as having dietary components related with an

undesirable slim down and possibly holding the next hazard of defilement by physical,

chemical and natural operators, i.e., gotten to be a genuine concern in terms of

nourishment security.

According to (Chioma V. Asiegbu et. Al, 2015) Controlling and guaranteeing the security

of street-vended in numerous nations may be a challenge considering that these

nourishments are frequently less costly and promptly accessible. The objective of this

ponder was to decide the nourishment security information based on microbial hazard

mindfulness of road nourishment shoppers within the Johannesburg district, South Africa.

A cross sectional study think about was conducted employing a organized nourishment

security survey outlined for this think about. Add up to of 402 respondents, people who

buy and expend ready-to-eat street-vended nourishments were haphazardly chosen at

different street-food distributing cites within the Johannesburg district. Information

collection was by implies of a face-to confront interviews. The larger part of respondents

were dark guys more youthful than 35 a long time.

According to (Jaewoon Jeong - Hyunsook Kim - Kun-ho Seo,2019) The targets of this

consider were to conduct a quantitative microbial hazard evaluation (QMRA) for

Salmonella in chicken sticks sold by road nourishment sellers in South Korea and to

investigate the affiliation of microbial development with warm inactivation of organisms

amid the planning of chicken sticks. Information on crude broiler chicken meat and

chicken stick planning, as well as ordinary surrounding temperatures in Seoul, were

collected and portrayed utilizing likelihood dispersions. The QMRA was performed

utilizing an Exceed expectations spreadsheet and was made utilizing Hazard. The

wholesale-to-consumption handle was modeled as a arrangement of unit operations and

related pathogen occasions that start defilement at the discount arrange, bacterial

development amid transport and holding, warm inactivation amid preheating and

warming, and dosage reaction after utilization. The QMRA recreations anticipated that

amplified holding time would influence the probability of sickness more in hotter months

than in cooler months. In expansion, when the warming period of nourishment was part

and the whole warming period was steady, the reenactment anticipated the preheating

stage to be longer than the warming stage for successful warm inactivation of Salmonella.

Our comes about recommend that holding the chicken sticks at surrounding temperature

between part warming occasions is less successful than persistent warming for warm

inactivation of organisms. In expansion, holding makes nourishments more defenseless to

organisms, especially when the holding time is long, encompassing temperature is tall,

and preheating time is moderately brief compared with warming time

According to (Vikas Gupta-Kavita Khanna- Raj Kumar Gupta,2018) This consider points

to discover out different measurements of the chance and advantage recognitions of the

shoppers of street food merchants. It'll distinguish the reasons which influence

consumer’s demeanor and utilization designs towards street foods, which bring

approximately changes in their behavioral eagerly repurchase purposeful and word of

mouth intention.

According to (Buliyaminu AdegbemiroAlimi,2016) Street foods exchanging tackles

major social and financial issues in creating nations through the arrangement of ready-

made dinners at moderately reasonable costs and work for overflowing country and urban

masses along its esteem chain. In any case, due to casual nature of the undertaking, the

exercises of the specialists are not controlled. This gives sufficient room for

unwholesome hones. The comes about are the dangers such exercises posture to the

wellbeing and security of professionals along the esteem chain. This audit paper, a

rundown of writing reports on chance variables in street foods exchange in creating

nations and suggested security mediation, is composed with the trust of giving worldwide

standard for intercession to guarantee secure nourishment hones. Appropriation of

security approaches that saturates the whole chain of road nourishment trade from great

rural hones through risk examination basic control focuses procedure to great cleanliness

hones by ranchers, merchants and shoppers would altogether decrease dangers in

street foods utilization. Over all, dynamic collaboration of all partners toward the

fortifying and appropriate requirement of open wellbeing arrangements to guarantee

secure hones and cause more secure and more beneficial society is recommended.
According to (Giammarco Daniele -Sulagna Mookerjee -Denni Tommasi,2018) Street

foods security could be a open wellbeing concern in a few creating nations. We explore

whether enhancements in nourishment security can be achieved by giving data to

merchants within the shape of a preparing. Among haphazardly doled out bunches of

street-food sellers in urban Kolkata, India, we discover huge advancements in knowledge

and mindfulness, but small changes in their watched behaviors. We offer suggestive

prove that a combination of both need of request for nourishment security and seen tall

costs of hygiene hones for merchants, are likely to drive the comes about. We conclude

that data isn't the key limitation in this setting.

LOCAL STUDIES

According to (Aquino, John Paulo L.; Pedalgo, Charmaine C.; Zafra, Alfonso Rey N.;

and Tuazon, Troy P.,2015) The fastest-growing industry within the world is in

neighborliness field that centers on customer satisfaction. Part of this is often the

nourishment benefit industry that is improving its presence for the past a long time. In

neighborliness industry, there are various kinds of businesses and one of them is “street

food” that's not properly sanitized however reasonable and scrumptious. One major

concern with this is the nourishment security. Nourishment security guides and teaches

individuals on the advantages and impediments of eating this kind of nourishment. Food-

borne illness is one of the most stresses when it comes to eating road nourishments,

which people do not need to encounter. With this, the analysts need to provide knowledge

and viable arrangements to anticipate food-borne ailment and how to apply nourishment

security hones. The analysts utilized different approaches in order to know the vendors’

recognition on nourishment security, which are the descriptive quantitative and subjective
approaches. This inquire about was conducted in Tanauan City, Batangas. Fifty-five

merchants were interviewed using a overview survey for them to supply exact answers.

Whereas the researchers were meeting the merchants, they were also observing the

operations of the entire booth. In analyzing the information assembled, they utilized the

Statistical Bundle for Social Sciences form 16.0. Based on the results, the analysts found

out that there are a few contrasts within the vendors’ perception on nourishment security

based on their statistic profile. The researchers moreover found out that the sellers are

doing distinctive hones in their commerce indeed in spite of the fact that they have a

place to a single association

According to (Abdul Majid, N., * Bautista, M. K., Bautista, S., Chavez, E., Dimaano, W.

and Barcelon, E.,2014) In this study, the level of lead and cadmium show on the foremost

frequently expended road vended foods accessible around the College of Santo Tomas,

España, Manila, as well as the effect of introduction to environment on the sum of these

overwhelming metals on road vended nourishments were determined utilizing Nuclear

Retention Spectrophotometry (AAS) after dry ashing (AOAC No. 999.11). The tangible

characteristics of a chosen street foods were moreover assessed on a time-dependent way

to decide impact of introduction to environment on the panelists’ degree of enjoying

utilizing the 7-Point Hedonic Scale. Comes about of the consider appears that the lead

content in deep-fried breaded quail eggs (kwek-kwek) and steamed dumpling (siomai)

were 0.23 to 0.28 µg/g and 0.53 µg/g, respectively. Whereas the level of lead and

cadmium in grilled chicken’s little digestive system (isaw) ranges between 0.54 to 2.1

µg/g for lead and 0.14 to 0.24 µg/g for cadmium. There was no noteworthy contrast
among tests of flame broiled isaw in terms of appearance, smell and common adequacy.

This implies that a buyer would not be able to detect recently barbecued chicken’s little

digestive tract from those barbecued that were as of now uncovered to environment for a

period of time. In addition, a customer can be at a better chance in consuming grilled

chicken’s little digestive system that was uncovered to the environment for a given period

of time as this would have higher sum of lead and cadmium, than chicken’s little intestine

consumed promptly right after grilling.

 CHAPTER III

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

The purpose of this study is to know the level awareness of students about effects of

street food to their bodies.

Research Design

The researcher’s study will be done using Correlational Design. Correlation contains two

or more variables that show the relationship or connections between those variables. In

correlation, the researchers are going to make use of two variables and validate the study.

Researchers are going to relate the students’ perception towards the effects of street foods

to the to their health. The researchers will ask or gather the perception from their

respondents to help them correlate the researchers’ variables involved in the study.

Population, Sample and Sampling Technique

The researchers’ respondents are the Senior High School students of STI College Recto.

The researchers are going to use the quota Sampling Technique as their sampling method.

Quota Sampling is a non-probability sampling method in which researchers can form a

sample involving individuals that represent a population and are chosen according to

traits or qualities.

Research Instrument

The researcher uses the survey questionnaire as the primary source of data. In

order for the researchers to have reliable and valid data for the questionnaire, the

researchers will use and find related literatures as it serves as reliable source for the
validity of the questionnaire and gathered from it. The researchers will ask some

respective personnel to validate each question from the questionnaire to have validated

and final survey questionnaire.

Data Gathering Procedure

After the researchers done creating the questionnaires, the researchers will validate the

questionnaire to the professionals. Then, the researchers will proceed to the actual

gathering of data by the means of conducting a survey. The researcher’s respondents are

the students studying at STI College – Recto. In order to gather data, the researchers must

have the consent intended for the respondents if they are willing to answer the survey.

The collection of data must be done with (number) students. After the researcher’s

survey, the collected data will be gathered, analyze and interpret.

Statistical Treatment

Finalizing all the information collected from (number) respondents, statistical

treatments are to be use. The term “statistical treatment” is a catch all term which means

to apply any statistical method intended for the data. Treatments are divided into two

groups: Correlation Statistics, which

measure that indicates the extent to which two or more variables fluctuate to together. A

positive correlation indicates the extent to which those variables increase and decrease in

parallel; a negative correlation indicates the extent to which one variable increases as the

other decreases.
1. Frequency – This is the number of responses in the corresponding variables being

analyzed

2. Percentage – This utilized to find the ratio of the frequency of responses to the total

number of respondents by this formula:

P (%) = f
X 100
N

Where:

P = Percentage

f = Frequency

N = Number of Respondents