Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry

Chemical Xenobiotics and Toxicology (CHC3832)

Experiment 4: Solid Waste Disposal
MATEUS S.E
201705714
INTRODUCTION
Waste disposal processes aim to isolate the waste from people and the environment in a
manner that causes no harm. The best option for dealing with any particular waste depends on
the nature of the waste itself (its form, composition and quantity), the technologies available
in the region, the availability of financial resources, and having enough skilled people to
build, operate and maintain the facilities.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this practical was to watch a YouTube video and read an article/study sessionon
waste disposal and answer the question.
QUESTIONS
1. Waste is placed in bins that are collected weekly. Yes, the waste is separated into
recyclables and general waste.
2. In landfills waste gradually decomposes by a combination of biological, chemical and
physical processes. During these decomposition processes, two major emissions are of
primary concern –leachate and landfill gas. Leachateis the polluted water that emerges at the
base of the landfilled waste, it can sometimes be acidic and may cause pollution to
underground water sources. Landfill gases are formed in large landfills through degradation
of the waste in anaerobic conditions. Landfill gas consists of a mixture of carbon dioxide and
methane, which are both greenhouse gases that may contribute to global climate change.
3. Making compost keeps organic materials out of landfills where they take up space and
release methane. Furthermore, recycling reduces the need for extracting (mining, quarrying
and logging), refining and processing raw materials all of which create substantial air and
water pollution. As recycling saves energy, it also reduces greenhouse gas emissions, which
helps to tackle climate change.
4. A liner made of compacted clay or a synthetic membrane sheet that separates the waste
from the ground below which prevents leachate leaking from the site and into the surrounding
ground and ground water sources.
5. Choosing recyclable products and packaging and recycling them is an easy way to cut
waste, but it’s important to check your local councils’ rules on what can go in your kerbside
recycling bin. Recycle materials like paper, plastic, and metal regularly, and avoid recycling
hazardous materials as it rarely has any environmental benefits. Industrial shredders are
critical in this process as they can be used to reduce waste by condensing asphalt, wood,
rubber, and plastics to a fraction of their original size.
CONCLUSION
Rapid economic development results in more waste and thus poses greater threats to
ecosystems and human health. Sustainable waste management is important as it enables a
steady socioeconomic development and protects the environment and our health.