ACADEMIC PAPER PROPOSAL

(Argumentative Essay)
Dhaminar B. Doños
ENG 5 YB 1

Broad Topic: The Disadvantages of Early Pregnancy

Narrowed Down Topic: The Physical Disadvantages of Early Pregnancy
Thesis: Early pregnancy poses a number of physical disadvantages among teenage mothers.

Research Questions:
1. What are the disadvantages of Early Pregnancy?
2. How will teenage mothers cope up in their pregnancy life?
3. Does early pregnancy poses a number of physical disadvantages among teenage mothers? If
so what are these physical disadvantages?
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Core Data Items and Published Sources
1. Women of under 20 years of age may be not matured physically but they are neither
emotionally nor educationally mature enough to face responsibility of marriage,
motherhood, and life in modern society.

Naomi M. Morris, MD, MPH (1981) The Biological Advantages and Social Disadvantages
of Teenage Pregnancy School of Public Health, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680.

Related to disadvantages included lack of preparedness, changes/interference, and

others' perceptions. Reflections of how having an infant will change things and
interfere with important aspects of their lives; and how being pregnant as teenagers
will change the way that others see them.

Rosengard, Cynthia & Pollock, Lealah & Weitzen, Sherry & Meers, Ann & Phipps,
Maureen. (2006). Concepts of the Advantages and Disadvantages of Teenage
Childbearing Among Pregnant Adolescents: A Qualitative Analysis. Pediatrics. 118. 503-
10. 10.1542/peds.2005-3058.
2. The findings demonstrated that the optimistic coping style (emotion-focused) was the
most frequently used and most effective coping style for these young women. A
confrontive coping style (problem-focused) was also used and found to be effective. A
combination of problem-focused and emotion-focused styles is recommended, with
an increased emphasis on problem-focused approaches.

Myors, K., Johnson, M., & Langdon, R. (2001). Coping Styles of Pregnant Adolescents.
Public Health Nursing, 18(1), 24–32. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1525-1446.2001.00024.x

3. Our study showed a significantly higher incidence of anaemia, past dates, premature
rupture of membranes (PROM), normal vaginal delivery, episiotomy, low birth weight,
and a significantly lower incidence of caesarean sections/perineal tears in teenage
mothers compared to other mothers. In contrast, the incidence of hypertension,
intrauterine growth restriction of fetus, pre-term labour and postpartum
haemorrhage were similar in both the groups.

Sagili, H., Pramya, N., Prabhu, K., Mascarenhas, M., & Reddi Rani, P. (2012). Are teenage
pregnancies at high risk? A comparison study in a developing country. Archives of
Gynecology & Obstetrics, 285(3), 573–577. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-011-1987-6

A clear risk group are extremely young teenage mothers (younger than 15 years) who
are confronted with various medical risks, such as preeclampsia, preterm labor, and
small for gestational age newborns but also marked social disadvantage, such as
poverty, unemployment, low educational level, and single parenting.

Sylvia Kirchengast (2016). Teenage Pregnancies: A Worldwide Social and Medical

Problem. DOI: 10.5772/65462 https://www.intechopen.com/books/an-analysis-of-
contemporary-social-welfare-issues/teenage-pregnancies-a-worldwide-social-and-
medical-problem
 Dhaminar B. Doños
NHA Kauswagan Cagayan de Oro City
Misamis Oriental,9000
dhaminar@gmail.com

Department of Health Regional Office X

J. Seriña St, Cagayan de Oro City
Misamis Oriental,9000

Good Day Sir/Ma’am,

I am Dhaminar B. Doños, a 2 nd year Biology Student currently enrolled in Xavier University. I

am writing an argumentative essay about on ‘The Physical Disadvantages of Early Pregnancy”
for our Final Exam in our Subject English 5.
With your vast data and knowledge as stakeholders for pregnant teenage mothers, it would
help me a lot in my paper if you answer these questions that are important in my essay.
a. What are the disadvantages of Early Pregnancy?
b. How will teenage mothers cope up in their pregnancy life?
c. Does early pregnancy poses a number of physical disadvantages among teenage mothers? If
so what are these physical disadvantages?
The deadline of our submission on our argumentative essay will be next week, may I request
that your answers be sent within this week? You can send your answers, questions and
clarifications at my email (dhaminar@gmail.com).
Your response in my questions would really help my paper a lot and it would sound
authoritative and valid. It would be my pleasure and honor to cite you in my paper. And I would
like to send you my copy of my paper after I finished my work.
Thank you so much for the help you may reach out to me and God Bless to your Department.

Sincerely,

Dhaminar B. Doños
Consultation Notes