Experiment – 1

First and Second

Order Dynamics

Name: T ANIRUDH
Roll No: 176246
Impact of gain (K)

Figure 1- Step Change in U of magnitude 2, Response graphed for K=3 and K = -1.5
Impact of time-constant (T)

Figure 2 - Step Changes in U of magnitudes -2 and 0.5, Response graphed at time constant
values of 10 and 1 seconds respectively

Figure 3- Approximate Sinusoidal Variation of U and Response of Output to such a variation

Impact of step height

Figure 4- Responses graphed for step changes in U of magnitude 2 and 0.25 respectively
 Figure 5- Response to a step change when the time constant is very
large
 Impact of K 

Figure 6- For a step change of magnitude 1 in a second order system with z=0.2 and w0 =
0.2, Response plotted at gains of 2 and 20 respectively

Importance of Damping factor

Figure 7- For a step change of magnitude 1 in a second order system with gain of 2 and
w0=0.2; Response plotted at damping factors of 0.2 and 2 respectively

Importance of Natural Frequency

Figure 8- For a step change of magnitude 1 for a second order system with a gain of 2 and
damping factor 0.2, response plotted at natural frequencies of 0.5 and 4 respectively
 1. Importance of step height U

2.

Figure 9- Effect of step change on a second order system's response with a gain of 2,
damping factor 0.2 and natural frequency 2 (U=2 and U = 0.25)