DIPLOMA IN TOURISM MANAGEMENT

(AT3A)

COMPUTER RESERVATION SYSTEMS

PTR2083

PREPARED FOR

PUAN NUR AZLENEE BINTI MOHAMAD

PREPARED BY

1. AIDA HUSNA BINTI AWALLUDIN

(PTM190709406)

2. NUR AIN NAJWA BINTI NASIR

(PTM190709339)

3. MUHAMMAD IDHAM NAZRI BIN MOHAMAD ASRI

(PTM190709315)
TABLE OF CONTENT

INTRODUCTION OF GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 1

(GDS)

BACKGROUND OF GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS 2

(GDS)

FUNCTION OF GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (GDS) 3

BENEFITS OF GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (GDS)

4

ADVANTAGES OF GDS 5-6

DISADVANTAGES OF GDS

VARIETIES OF GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (GDS)

CONCLUSION

RECOMMENDATION

APPENDIX

INTRODUCTION OF GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (GDS)

 Globalization has created the emergence of a host of new technologies
aimed at integration of communication and services. One such technology
that has important application in the hospitality industry is that of Global
Distribution Systems. Another names for this technology are the automated
reservation system (ARS) and the computerized reservation system (CRS).
Global Distribution Systems is a computerized network system owned or
operated by a company that enables transactions between travel industry
service providers, mainly airlines, hotels, car rental companies, and travel
agencies. The GDS mainly uses real-time inventory such as number of hotel
rooms available, number of flight seats available, or number of cars available
to service providers. Travel agencies traditionally relied on GDS for services,
products and rates in order to provide travel-related services to the end
consumers. Thus, a GDS can link services, rates and bookings consolidating
products and services across all three travel sectors such as airline
reservations, hotel reservations, car rentals.
GDS is different from a computer reservations system, which is a
reservation system used by the service providers known as vendors. Primary
customers of GDS are travel agents that has both online and office-based to
make reservation on various reservation systems run by the vendors. GDS
holds no inventory, the inventory is held on the vendor's reservation system
itself. A GDS system will have real-time link to the vendor's database. For
example, when a travel agency requests a reservation on the service of a
particular airline company, the GDS system routes the request to the
appropriate airline's computer reservations system.

BACKGROUND OF GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION

1
SYSTEMS (GDS)
 Today there are four major GDS companies. These are Amadeus, Galileo,
Sabre, and Worldspan. Because of globalization and how it affects business,
it is easier to travel now than it ever was before. It is easier to do business
over a long distance than before. This requires that new ways for doing these
types of business and of others, are needed. The GDS does this by being the
"electronic supermarkets linking buyers to sellers and allowing reservations to
be made quickly and easily’’ (Das 2009). Basically the GDS can be seen as
the system that lets the internet work as the way to make transactions
happen. The first GDS began to be created in the 1950s and was functional in
the 1960s (ITSA 2009), and the reason was to have a way for keeping track of
commercial airline flights and availability. Before the concept of the GDS was
a possibility there was a lot of time that was wasted by those employees who
had to keep these things organized without an easy way to contact other
airline and travel agencies. Now, with GDS, it is possible to come to one place
and to have so many of these agencies available to you so that everything
can be so much quicker and efficient, and so that it is more organized too.
GDS systems were some of the first of the electronic commerce businesses.
These systems were owned and operated by other big companies, first ones
being the airline companies. For example, SABRE and Apollo were owned by
American Airline and United. In addition to the four which have been shown
above, there are other smaller GDS but they are local to specific regions. The
major four GDS will be shown here now and discussed with details.

FUNCTION OF GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS.

 GDS system or global distribution system empowers the global travel
organizations, airline reservations and others inside the travel business to get
to the travel products and services, including hotels, flight tickets, and car
rentals to do exchanges. Commonly, a GDS system is one of the most
significant distributions channels for those in the airline business since it will
make the airline noticeable to travel agents, who would then be able to book
airlines for the benefit of their customers. This at the point can possibly
altogether expand the number of appointments the airline creates.
The overall purpose of the GDS is access to a worldwide distribution
network. The system is connected to numerous airline and travel office
organizations. The client may scan for the particular time and destination, and
other significant focuses. Since the system is associated with such a large
number of organizations and airlines, it will take this data about where the
client needs to go and when and will check with all the connected
organizations. It would then be able to come back to the client, who is the
individual at the travel office, those organizations with the accessibility. It can
likewise show what the accessibility is, and allow it to hold for the client. The
benefits this can give the business is very obvious. Before the travel
organization must pursuit each organization, each in turn, to check for the
accessibility.
FlightsLogic, one of the leading travel technology provider offers GDS
integration for flights, airline inventory, and tour package, etc. FlightsLogic
GDS integration offers a wide range of data solutions to help airlines to serve
their customers efficiently and market themselves. It is a productive and cost-
effective distribution channel that causes carriers to expand their market
reach to leisure and corporate travel.

BENEFITS OF GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (GDS)

3
It’s a unique (and direct) marketing tool. 
        A global distribution system can be used to market your latest sales
message, special offers, and discounts direct to travel agents.

It improves search positioning. 

       Gaining access to a GDS means that travel agents and consumers are
more easily able to find your hotel during search.
 
It has perfect timing. 
      The GDS displays your brand messaging and advertising during the
search and booking process, which means travel agents are paying attention
at exactly the right time. Messages can also be targeted at precise dates and
times, by specific destinations. GDS is highly effective in alluring the
international travelers. This is the reason why using of GDS among the travel
agents is growing exponentially every year. OTAs have greatly improved the
travel shopping experience and convenience for consumers and have
increased pricing transparency. GDSs enable the retail travel agency and
OTA business models.

ADVANTAGES OF GLOBAL DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (GDS)

STRENGTH
 In a fully distributed system, control is localized, and telecommunication
with the central facilities is less frequent. Distributed systems rely more
extensively on processing resources near the field equipment, so the field
processor is relatively complex and has a fair amount of local solid state
memory. Many companies still rely on travel agents to book arrangements
for their employees instead of having someone on staff take care of
individual employees' reservations. There are now more than 600,000
travel agents who use global distribution system searching to find and
complete hotel reservations online. In addition to the increased exposure
to more customers at once in making room reservations, these systems
help alleviate some of the administrative burdens on hotel staff in booking
room reservations. The instant access to bookings online means that
hotels are simply notified after a reservation is complete instead of having
to accept them manually. This means that a hotel does not have to
increase its reservation intake staff in order to receive additional
reservations. Remote systems would be the interconnection of the traffic
signal computer(s) at the city DOT and the county department of public
works, with pavement and road weather sensor information at the state
DOT district office, and video signals from shared CCTV cameras on
major routes and at common trouble zones.

ATTRACTIVENESS
Another advantage of using a global distribution system for hotel room
bookings is that travel agents are able to bundle travel deals for the same trip.
For example, they can book the hotel room, flight, rental car or any other
ground transportation from the same system. This makes it more likely that a
travel agent or customer will select a hotel that is included in a bundling
option. Furthermore bodies are often public or voluntary sector organization,
usually working in collaboration with commercial sector tourism firms in their
region. The development of cultural tourism products, where lack of cultural
knowledge on the part of many tourism organizations is matched by a lack of
awareness of tourism on the part of many cultural organizations. National and
regional tourist offices have an 5 important role to play in creating
an image of the cultural tourism product and bringing that to the
attention of the visitor. The current lack of distribution systems is being
addressed by a growing number of commercial providers, including ticket
brokers, cultural information service providers and tour operators. For
example, ArtBase, an international cultural listings company based in
Amsterdam, has a database of over 200,000 cultural events at 25,000 cultural
venues worldwide.